GRINDING DISK KIT, GRINDING EQUIPMENT AND GRINDING METHOD FOR FINISHING ROLLING SURFACES OF BEARING ROLLERS

Info

Publication number: 20210146494
Type: Application
Filed: Jan 27, 2021
Publication Date: May 20, 2021
Inventors: Chengzu REN (TIANJIN), Weifeng LIU (TIANJIN), Jing ZHANG (TIANJIN), Kun GENG (TIANJIN), Yang CHEN (TIANJIN), Guang CHEN (TIANJIN), Ying YANG (TIANJIN), Yunhui ZHANG (TIANJIN), Qingshun HE (TIANJIN), Xiaofan DENG (TIANJIN), Xin LI (TIANJIN), Chuanbin YAN (TIANJIN), Xiang GE (TIANJIN), Xinmin JIN (TIANJIN)
Application Number: 17/160,351

Abstract

Disclosed is a grinding disk kit for finishing rolling surfaces of bearing rollers, including a pair of coaxial first and second grinding disks; a front face of the first grinding disk includes a group of radially distributed linear grooves and transition faces for connecting the adjacent linear grooves; a front face of the second grinding disk includes one or more helical grooves and transition faces for connecting adjacent helical grooves; one bearing roller to be machined is distributed in each linear groove corresponding to each intersection of the helical grooves and the linear grooves during grinding machining; the rolling surfaces of the bearing rollers to be machined are respectively in contact with working faces of the linear grooves and the helical grooves corresponding to each intersection; and the bearing rollers to be machined translate along the linear grooves while rotating about the own axes under the friction.

Description

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of International Patent Application No. PCT/CN2019/097910 with a filing date of Jul. 26, 2019, designating the United States, now pending, and further claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 201810850339.9 with a filing date of Jul. 28, 2018, Chinese Patent Application No. 201810850357.7 with a filing date of Jul. 28, 2018, Chinese Patent Application No. 201810850331.2 with a filing date of Jul. 28, 2018, Chinese Patent Application No. 201810850359.6 with a filing date of Jul. 28, 2018. The content of the aforementioned applications, including any intervening amendments thereto, are incorporated herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a grinding disk kit, grinding equipment and a grinding method for finishing rolling surfaces of bearing rollers, and belongs to the technical field of precision machining of bearing rollers.

BACKGROUND OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

Roller bearings (cylindrical roller bearings and tapered roller bearings) are widely applied to various rotating machinery. The shape precision and dimensional uniformity of the rolling surfaces of bearing rollers (cylindrical rollers and tapered rollers), as one of the important parts of roller bearings, have an important impact on the performance of the roller bearings. At present, the well-known machining process of the rolling surfaces of the bearing rollers is: blank molding (turning or cold-heading or rolling), roughing (soft grinding of the rolling surfaces), heat treatment, semi-finishing (hard grinding of the rolling surfaces) and finishing. The well-known main process method for finishing the rolling surfaces of the bearing rollers is superfinishing.

Superfinishing is a microfinishing method that fine-grained whetstone is used as a grinding tool to exert a relatively low pressure on the surfaces to be machined of workpieces and to make high-speed micro-amplitude reciprocating vibration and low-speed feeding motion along the surfaces to be machined of workpieces, thereby realizing micro-cutting.

At present, a centerless penetrating type superfinishing method is mostly adopted to finish the rolling surfaces of cylindrical rollers. A machining part of the equipment is composed of a pair of oppositely inclined superfinishing guide rollers and one (or one group of) superfinishing head(s) equipped with the whetstone. The cylindrical rollers are supported and driven by the guide rollers, to make low-speed feeding motion along a trajectory adapted to tessellation lines on the rolling surfaces of the cylindrical rollers while rotating. The whetstone makes the high-speed micro-amplitude reciprocating vibration along the tessellation lines on the rolling surfaces of the cylindrical rollers while the superfinishing head presses the whetstone against the rolling surfaces of the cylindrical rollers with the relatively low pressure, thereby finishing the rolling surfaces of the cylindrical rollers. In the centerless penetrating type superfinishing process, the same batch of cylindrical rollers sequentially penetrates through the machining region to undergo whetstone superfinishing.

In addition, a centerless plunge-cut superfinishing method is also adopted. The machining part of the equipment is composed of a pair of parallel superfinishing guide rollers and one (or one group of) superfinishing head(s) equipped with the whetstone. The cylindrical rollers are supported and driven by the guide rollers to rotate and to make the low-speed feeding motion and the high-speed micro-amplitude reciprocating vibration along the trajectory adapted to the tessellation lines on the rolling surfaces of the cylindrical rollers while the superfinishing head presses the whetstone against the rolling surfaces of the cylindrical rollers with the relatively low pressure, thereby finishing the rolling surfaces of the cylindrical rollers. In the centerless plunge-cut superfinishing process, the same batch of cylindrical rollers sequentially enters the machining region to undergo the whetstone superfinishing.

The above two methods for superfinishing the rolling surfaces of the cylindrical rollers have the following two technical defects. On one hand, the change of the wear state of the whetstone and the guide rollers with time during machining is inconducive to the improvement of the shape precision and the dimensional precision of the rolling surfaces of the cylindrical rollers. On the other hand, since the superfinishing equipment can only machine a single (or a few) cylindrical roller(s) at the same time, the material removal rate for the rolling surfaces of the cylindrical rollers to be machined is almost not affected by the difference in the diameter of the rolling surfaces of the cylindrical rollers of the same batch. Therefore, the diameter dispersion of the rolling surfaces of the cylindrical rollers to be machined is hard to be improved effectively when the superfinishing equipment is used for finishing the rolling surfaces of the cylindrical rollers. Due to the above two technical defects, the improvement of the shape precision and dimensional uniformity of the rolling surfaces of the cylindrical rollers to be machined is restricted.

At present, the following devices (equipment) and methods are also involved in the finishing of the rolling surfaces of the cylindrical rollers:

Chinese Patent Gazette with publication No. CN102476350A discloses a centerless abrasive machining device for outer diameters of cylindrical rollers, wherein the centerless abrasive machining device includes two cast iron grinding rollers with one large radius and one small radius; a gap is reserved between the grinding rollers; a feeding groove is mounted above the gap; an upper pressing plate is arranged above the feeding groove; a compression counterweight is mounted above the upper pressing plate; and a contact surface between the upper pressing plate and each roller is arc-shaped. The linear speeds of the two grinding rollers are different, so that the cylindrical rollers and the grinding rollers slide relatively. An angle of the small grinding roller in a vertical direction and a horizontal direction can be adjusted to drive the rollers to feed along an axis. The grinding rollers can perform abrasive machining on the surfaces of the rollers while driving the cylindrical rollers.

Chinese Patent Gazette with publication No. CN204736036U discloses a machining device for precise grinding of outer circle surfaces of cylindrical rollers, wherein the machining device includes an air cylinder, a support frame, a grinding tool bottom plate, a grinding tool, driving rollers and a base; two driving rollers are parallel to a symmetrical center plane of the machining device; a left end of one driving roller is upwarped in a vertical plane and intersected with a horizontal plane to form an angle of 1-5°; a right end of the other driving roller is downwarped in the vertical plane and intersected with the horizontal plane to form an angle of 1-5°; and the surfaces of the two driving rollers are coated with damping coatings to increase a friction coefficient. The grinding tool is fixed on the grinding tool bottom plate; a machining pressure is applied by the air cylinder; the air cylinder is mounted on the support frame; and the support frame and the driving rollers are mounted on the base. During machining, the cylindrical rollers are placed at one end of each driving roller; a tangential force generated by the two driving rollers enables the cylindrical rollers to rotate about a central axis; the generated axial force enables the cylindrical rollers to penetrate and feed along the central axis; and the cylindrical surfaces of the rollers are machined by the grinding tool.

The above two devices adopt a structure that the two driving rollers support and drive the cylindrical rollers to move forward, the grinding tool is arranged at an upper side perpendicular to the forward direction of the cylindrical rollers to machine the cylindrical surfaces of the cylindrical rollers, and all the cylindrical rollers sequentially pass through the machining region during machining. Such devices have the same two technical defects as the superfinishing equipment.

China Patent Gazette with publication No. CN104608046A discloses a method for super-precision machining of cylindrical surfaces of bearing cylindrical rollers, wherein the cylindrical rollers to be machined are ground by double-plane type equipment for super-precision machining of outer circles of cylindrical parts; the double-plane type equipment for super-precision machining of outer circles of cylindrical parts includes an upper grinding disk, a lower grinding disk, an outer gear ring, an eccentric wheel and a holding frame; and rotating shafts of the upper grinding disk, the lower grinding disk, the outer gear ring and the eccentric wheel are all placed concentrically and driven independently. Multiple workpiece clamping slots are formed in a disk surface of the disk-shaped holding frame and are distributed radially. The rotating shaft of the holding frame is arranged concentrically with a center of the eccentric wheel; and an offset distance is formed between a center of the holding frame and an axle center of the eccentric wheel. The holding frame is matched with a gear of the outer gear ring and is simultaneously driven by the outer gear ring and the eccentric wheel. The cylindrical rollers are placed in the slots of the holding frame before grinding; and a downward pressure is applied to the upper grinding disk. A workpiece is located between the upper grinding disk and the lower grinding disk, and is in contact with the upper grinding disk and the lower grinding disk. The upper grinding disk, the lower grinding disk, the outer gear ring and the eccentric wheel are driven to rotate, so that the workpiece is driven by the holding frame to make cycloid motion around the upper grinding disk and the lower grinding disk while being driven by the upper grinding disk and the lower grinding disk to roll.

Chinese Patent Gazette with publication No. CN103522166A discloses a method for machining outer circles of cylindrical parts based on eccentric compression of an upper disk, wherein a machining device adopted in the method includes an upper grinding disk, a holding frame and a lower grinding disk. The upper grinding disk is located above the lower grinding disk; the holding frame is located between the upper grinding disk and the lower grinding disk; rotating shafts of the holding frame and the lower grinding disk are coaxially arranged; and a specific offset distance is formed between the rotating shafts of the upper grinding disk and the holding frame. During machining, a loading device eccentrically acts on the cylindrical parts through the upper grinding disk; and planes of the upper grinding disk and the lower grinding disk cooperate with abrasive materials to machine the outer circles of the cylindrical parts.

Chinese Patent Gazette with publication No. CN105798765A discloses a four-plane reciprocating method and device for grinding cylindrical rollers, wherein a mounting frame driven by a power source to rotate is arranged in a rack; and a plurality of mounting grooves for mounting the cylindrical rollers are formed in a peripheral wall of the mounting frame. Grinding plates slidingly matched with the cylindrical rollers are arranged on the rack in a manner of corresponding to the mounting frame. In use, the cylindrical rollers are mounted on the mounting frame; and a plurality of cylindrical rollers in the grinding plates are simultaneously ground by rotating the mounting frame.

The above three devices (equipment) can machine a plurality of cylindrical parts at the same time, and have a larger material removal rate for the cylindrical surfaces of the cylindrical parts with a larger diameter, thereby contributing to the improvement of dimensional uniformity. However, due to the closed feature of the machining devices (equipment), such devices (equipment) do not have the capacity of mass production.

Chinese Patent Gazettes with publication No. CN104493689A and publication No. CN104493684A disclose a double-disk linear groove grinding disk for cylindrical parts, grinding equipment and a grinding method, wherein the equipment includes a workpiece propelling device, a workpiece conveying device and a grinding disk device. The grinding disk device includes a first grinding disk and a second grinding disk; the two grinding disks rotate relative to each other; working faces of the first grinding disk are flat; a group of radial linear grooves are formed in a surface of the second grinding disk opposite to the first grinding disk; two side faces of the linear groove are working faces of the second grinding disk; cross-sectional profiles of the working faces of the second grinding disks are of an arc shape or a V shape or a V shape with an arc; and an angle between a normal plane at a midpoint of a contact point or a contact arc of the workpiece to be machined and each linear groove and a base face of the linear groove is 30-60°. One end of each linear groove close to the second grinding disk is a propelling port; the other end of each linear groove is a discharging port; and the workpiece propelling device is arranged in a central through hole of the second grinding disk and includes a main body as well as a plurality of pushing mechanisms and storage grooves mounted on the main body.

When the equipment is adopted to grind the cylindrical surfaces of the cylindrical rollers, on one hand, the cylindrical rollers can circulate inside and outside the grinding disks, thereby having the capacity of mass production; and on the other hand, the equipment can simultaneously perform comparative machining on a large number of cylindrical rollers in grinding machining regions, to remove more materials on the cylindrical surfaces of the cylindrical rollers with a larger diameter, thereby contributing to the improvement of the dimensional uniformity of the cylindrical surfaces of the cylindrical rollers.

However, for the existing double-disk linear groove grinding disk, a small number of linear grooves can be formed in the second grinding disk due to the restriction of the diameter of the central through hole of the second grinding disk. An improvement solution adopted is that the working face of the first grinding disk is a tapered face; and a group of radial linear grooves are formed in a disk face of the second grinding disk opposite to the working face (tapered face) of the first grinding disk. On one hand, when the outer diameter of the second grinding disk and the length of the linear grooves are fixed, the diameter of the central through hole can be increased by adjusting a cone apex angle of the tapered face of the first grinding disk, thereby increasing number of linear grooves on the second grinding disk. With the increase in the number of linear grooves on the second grinding disk, the number of cylindrical rollers involved in the grinding machining is increased, thereby contributing to the improvement of grinding machining efficiency and dimensional uniformity of the cylindrical surfaces of the cylindrical rollers. On the other hand, compared with the flat grinding disk, the tapered grinding disk has an advantage of self-centering, which is more conducive to the improvement of the dimensional uniformity of the cylindrical surfaces of the cylindrical rollers.

Moreover, when the existing double-disk linear groove grinding disk is used for grinding the cylindrical rollers, the workpiece propelling device must continuously apply axial thrust to the cylindrical rollers to be machined to maintain the axial feeding of the cylindrical rollers to be machined along the linear grooves, so the requirements for axial propelling capability of the workpiece propelling device are relatively high. An improvement solution adopted is that the flat working face of the first grinding disk is designed as a helical groove-like working face; and the subsequent axial feeding of the cylindrical rollers to be machined can be completed with the help of helical propulsion of the helical groove-like working faces as long as the workpiece propelling device propels the cylindrical rollers to be machined to an intersection of each linear groove and each helical groove.

In addition, it is difficult to ensure that the workpiece to be machined can spin during grinding machining under grinding machining pressure and grinding lubrication conditions, and that a friction coefficient between a material of the working face of the first grinding disk and a material of the workpiece to be machined is greater than a friction coefficient between a material of the working face of the second grinding disk and the material of the workpiece to be machined, during actual grinding machining. It is more difficult to choose the pairing for materials of the working faces of the first grinding disk and the second grinding disk, which can meet the conditions of a friction system and have excellent grinding performance.

At present, a centerless penetrating type superfinishing method is mostly adopted to finish the rolling surfaces of tapered rollers. A machining part of the equipment is composed of a pair of superfinishing helical guide rollers with helical raceways and one (or one group of) superfinishing head(s) equipped with the whetstone. The tapered rollers are supported and driven by the guide rollers, to make low-speed feeding motion along a trajectory adapted to tessellation lines on the rolling surfaces of the cylindrical rollers while rotating. The whetstone makes the high-speed micro-amplitude reciprocating vibration along the tessellation lines on the rolling surfaces of the cylindrical rollers while the superfinishing head presses the whetstone against the rolling surfaces of the cylindrical rollers with the relatively low pressure, thereby finishing the rolling surfaces of the tapered rollers. In the centerless penetrating type superfinishing process, the same batch of tapered rollers sequentially penetrates through the machining region to undergo whetstone superfinishing.

In addition, a centerless plunge-cut superfinishing method is also adopted. The machining part of the equipment is composed of a pair of parallel superfinishing guide rollers and one (or one group of) superfinishing head(s) equipped with the whetstone. The tapered rollers are supported and driven by the guide rollers to rotate and to make the low-speed feeding motion and the high-speed micro-amplitude reciprocating vibration along the trajectory adapted to the tessellation lines on the rolling surfaces of the tapered rollers while the superfinishing head presses the whetstone against the rolling surfaces of the tapered rollers with the relatively low pressure, thereby finishing the rolling surfaces of the tapered rollers. In the centerless plunge-cut superfinishing process, the same batch of tapered rollers sequentially enters the machining region to undergo the whetstone superfinishing.

The above two methods for superfinishing the rolling surfaces of the tapered rollers have the following two technical defects. On one hand, the change of the wear state of the whetstone and the guide rollers with time during machining is inconducive to the improvement of the shape precision and the dimensional precision of the rolling surfaces of the tapered rollers. On the other hand, since the superfinishing equipment can only machine a single (or a few) tapered roller(s) at the same time, the material removal rate for the rolling surfaces of the tapered rollers to be machined is almost not affected by the difference in the diameter of the rolling surfaces of the tapered rollers of the same batch. Therefore, the diameter dispersion of the rolling surfaces of the tapered rollers to be machined is hard to be improved effectively when the superfinishing equipment is used for machining the rolling surfaces of the tapered rollers. Due to the above two technical defects, the improvement of the shape precision and dimensional uniformity of the rolling surfaces of the tapered rollers to be machined is restricted.

Chinese Patent Gazette with publication No. CN1863642A discloses a method for machining tapered rollers, wherein surfaces of the tapered rollers are finished by a drum polishing or barrel polishing method. Due to uncertainty in the removal of materials on the surfaces of the rollers during machining, the method cannot improve the dimensional precision and diameter dispersion of the rollers.

SUMMARY OF PRESENT INVENTION

In view of the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a grinding disk kit, grinding equipment and a grinding method for finishing rolling surfaces of bearing rollers. The grinding equipment equipped with the grinding disk kit provided by the present invention has the capability of finishing the rolling surfaces of a large number of bearing rollers (cylindrical rollers and tapered rollers), can remove more high-point materials and fewer low-point materials on the rolling surfaces of the bearing rollers, and can remove more materials on the rolling surfaces of the bearing rollers with a larger diameter and fewer materials on the rolling surfaces of the bearing rollers with a smaller diameter, thereby improving the shape precision and dimensional uniformity of the rolling surfaces of the cylindrical rollers and the tapered rollers, improving the machining efficiency of the rolling surfaces of the cylindrical rollers and the tapered rollers and reducing the machining cost.

To solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a grinding disk kit for finishing rolling surfaces of bearing rollers. The grinding disk kit comprises a pair of coaxial first and second grinding disks, wherein a front face of the first grinding disk is arranged opposite to a front face of the second grinding disk. The front face of the first grinding disk comprises a group of radially distributed linear grooves and transition faces for connecting the adjacent linear grooves. The front face of the second grinding disk comprises one or more helical grooves and transition faces for connecting the adjacent helical grooves. Surfaces of the linear grooves comprise working faces of the linear grooves in contact with the rolling surfaces of the bearing rollers to be machined during grinding machining. Surfaces of the helical grooves comprise working faces of the helical grooves in contact with the bearing rollers during grinding machining. One bearing roller to be machined is distributed in each linear groove of the first grinding disk along the linear groove corresponding to each intersection of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk and the linear grooves of the first grinding disk during grinding machining; and the bearing rollers are cylindrical rollers or tapered rollers. A region, corresponding to each intersection, enclosed by working faces of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and working faces of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk is a grinding machining region. The rolling surfaces of the bearing rollers are in contact with the working faces of the linear grooves and the helical grooves, respectively. The bearing rollers to be machined translate along the linear grooves while rotating about the own axes under the friction driving and thrusting actions of the working faces of the helical grooves. The rolling surfaces of the bearing rollers to be machined slide relative to the working faces of the linear grooves, to realize the grinding machining for the rolling surfaces of the bearing rollers to be machined.

Further, in the grinding disk kit provided by the present invention, the working faces of the linear grooves are located on scanning planes of the linear grooves; and the scanning planes of the linear grooves are constant cross-section scanning planes. Scanning paths of the scanning planes of the linear grooves are straight lines; and generatrices of the scanning planes of the linear grooves are in normal sections of the linear grooves. The scanning paths passing through a selected point are recorded as base lines of the linear grooves; all the base lines of the linear grooves are distributed on a right circular cone face; the right circular cone face is a base face of the first grinding disk; an axis of the base face of the first grinding disk is an axis of the first grinding disk; and the base face of the first grinding disk has a cone apex angle.

When the bearing rollers are cylindrical rollers, in the normal sections of the linear grooves, a normal section profile of the scanning planes of the linear grooves is a circular arc with a curvature radius equal to that of the rolling surfaces of the cylindrical rollers to be machined. The selected point is a center of curvature of the normal section profile. The base lines of the linear grooves pass through the center of curvature of the normal section profile. The base lines of the linear grooves are in an axial section of the first grinding disk; and the axial section of the first grinding disk including the base lines of the linear grooves is a central plane of the working faces of the linear grooves. Axes of the cylindrical rollers to be machined are in the central plane of the working faces of the linear grooves during grinding machining; the rolling surfaces of the cylindrical rollers to be machined are in contact with the working faces of the linear grooves; and the axes of the cylindrical rollers to be machined overlap with the base lines of the linear grooves.

When the bearing rollers are tapered rollers, in the normal sections of the linear grooves, the normal section profile of the scanning planes of the linear grooves is two symmetrical linear segments; and an angle between the two linear segments is 2θ. During grinding machining, the rolling surfaces of the tapered rollers to be machined is in line contact with two symmetrical side faces of the working faces of the linear grooves, respectively. The tapered rollers to be machined are placed as a reference in the linear grooves, and a contact relationship between the tapered rollers to be machined and the working faces of the linear grooves is the same as that during grinding machining. The selected point is a midpoint of the mapping of the rolling surfaces of the tapered rollers to be machined on the own axes. The base lines of the linear grooves pass through the midpoint of the mapping of the rolling surfaces of the tapered roller to be machined on the own axes. A central plane of the working faces of the linear grooves is a plane including a normal section profile symmetry line of the scanning planes of the linear grooves and the base lines of the linear grooves. The base lines of the linear grooves are in the axial section of the first grinding disk; and the central plane of the working faces of the linear grooves overlap with the axial section of the first grinding disk including the base lines of the linear grooves. The axes of the tapered rollers to be machined are in the central plane of the working faces of the linear grooves during grinding machining. The tapered rollers to be machined have a half-cone angle φ; an angle between the axes of the tapered rollers to be machined and the base lines of the linear grooves is γ; and sin φ=sin γ sin θ.

The working faces of the helical grooves comprise a first working face and a second working face.

When the bearing rollers are the cylindrical rollers, during grinding machining, the rolling surfaces of the cylindrical rollers to be machined are in line contact with the first working face, and an end-face edge fillet of the cylindrical rollers to be machined is in line or point contact with the second working face under the constraints of the working faces of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk. When the bearing rollers are the tapered rollers, during grinding machining, the rolling surfaces of the tapered rollers to be machined are in line contact with the first working face, and a big-end sphere base face or a big-end edge fillet or a small-end edge fillet of the tapered rollers to be machined is in line contact with the second working face under the constraints of the working faces of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk.

The first working face and the second working face are respectively located on a first scanning plane and a second scanning plane; and both the first scanning plane and the second scanning plane are constant cross-section scanning planes. The bearing rollers to be machined are placed as a reference in the helical grooves, and a contact relationship between the bearing rollers to be machined and the working faces of the helical grooves is the same as that during grinding machining. The scanning paths of the first scanning plane and the second scanning plane are right circular conical helices, which pass through the midpoint of the mapping of the rolling surfaces of the bearing rollers to be machined on the own axes and are distributed on a right circular cone face. The right circular conical helices are the base lines of the helical grooves; the right circular cone face is a base face of the second grinding disk; and the axis of the base face of the second grinding disk is an axis of the second grinding disk.

The generatrices of the first scanning plane and the second scanning plane are both in the axial section of the second grinding disk. The base face of the second grinding disk has a cone apex angle 2β.

The cone apex angle of the base face of the first grinding disk and the cone apex angle of the base face of the second grinding disk satisfy the following relationship: 2α=2β=360°.

When 2α=2β=180°, the axis of the first grinding disk is perpendicular to the base face of the first grinding disk; the axis of the second grinding disk is perpendicular to the base face of the second grinding disk; and the base lines of the linear grooves may be in or out of the axial section of the first grinding disk. When the base lines of the linear grooves are out of the axial section of the first grinding disk, the central plane of the working faces of the linear grooves is parallel to the axis of the first grinding disk.

Further, when the bearing rollers are the cylindrical rollers, the base lines of the helical grooves are right circular conical equiangular helices or right circular conical non-equiangular helices. When the bearing rollers are the tapered rollers, the base lines of the helical grooves are right circular conical equiangular helices.

According to the grinding disk kit provided by the present invention, when the bearing rollers are the tapered rollers and the rolling surfaces of the tapered rollers are designed with convexity, the normal section profile of the scanning planes of the linear grooves, where the working faces of the linear grooves are adapted to the rolling surfaces, is modified according to a convexity curve of the rolling surfaces of the tapered rollers.

For the convenience of the subsequent description, the grinding disk kit without a magnetic structure is referred to as a non-magnetic grinding disk kit.

The grinding disk kit provided by the present invention is used for machining ferromagnetic bearing rollers, wherein a base body of the second grinding disk can also be made of a magnetic conductive material; an annular magnetic structure is embedded inside the base body of the second grinding disk; and a group of annular band-shaped or helical band-shaped non-magnetic conductive materials are embedded in the front face of the second grinding disk. The magnetic conductive material of the base body of the second grinding disk and the embedded annular band-shaped or helical band-shaped non-magnetic conductive materials are closely connected on the front face of the second grinding disk and form the front face of the second grinding disk together.

Alternatively, the base body of the second grinding disk is made of the magnetic conductive material; the annular magnetic structure is embedded in the base body of the second grinding disk; and a group of annular grooves or helical grooves are formed in the front face of the second grinding disk.

Alternatively, the base body of the second grinding disk is made of the magnetic conductive material; the annular magnetic structure is embedded in the base body of the second grinding disk; and a group of annular grooves or helical grooves are formed in one side of an inner cavity of the base body of the second grinding disk opposite to the front face of the second grinding disk.

Similarly, for the convenience of subsequent description, the above grinding disk kit embedded with the annular magnetic structure embedded inside is referred to as a magnetic grinding disk kit.

The present invention also proposes grinding equipment for finishing the rolling surfaces of the bearing rollers, wherein the grinding equipment comprises a main machine, a part of a roller circulating system outside the grinding disk and the non-magnetic grinding disk kit. The main machine comprises a base, a column, a beam, a sliding table, an upper pallet, a lower pallet, an axial loading device and a spindle device. A frame of the main machine is composed of the base, the column and the beam.

The first grinding disk of the grinding disk kit is connected with the lower pallet; and the second grinding disk of the grinding disk kit is connected with the upper pallet. The sliding table is connected with the beam through the axial loading device; and the column can also serve as a guide component to play a role of guiding the sliding table to move linearly along the axis of the second grinding disk. The sliding table moves linearly along the axis of the second grinding disk under the driving of the axial loading device and the constraints of the column and other guide components.

The spindle device is configured to drive the first grinding disk or the second grinding disk to rotate about the own axis.

The part of the roller circulating system outside the grinding disk comprises roller collecting devices, roller conveying systems, roller sorting mechanisms and roller feeding mechanisms. The roller collecting device is arranged at an outlet of each linear groove of the first grinding disk, and configured to collect the bearing roller to be machined leaving the grinding machining region enclosed by the working faces of the linear grooves and the working faces of the helical grooves from the outlet of each linear groove. The roller conveying systems are configured to convey the bearing rollers to be machined from the roller collecting devices to the roller feeding mechanisms.

The roller sorting mechanisms are arranged at front ends of the roller feeding mechanisms. Based on different types of the bearing rollers, the roller sorting mechanisms have functions as follows. When the bearing rollers are the cylindrical rollers, the roller sorting mechanisms are configured to adjust the axes of the cylindrical rollers to be machined to a direction required by the roller feeding mechanisms. When the bearing rollers are the tapered rollers, the roller sorting mechanisms are configured to adjust the axes of the tapered rollers to be machined to the direction required by the roller feeding mechanisms, and adjust the direction of small ends of the tapered rollers to be machined to a direction adapted to an axial section profile of the scanning planes of helical grooves, wherein the working faces of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk are located at the scanning planes of the helical grooves.

During grinding machining, the grinding disk kit can rotate in two modes. In a first mode, the first grinding disk rotates about the own axis, and the second grinding disk does not rotate. In a second mode, the first grinding disk does not rotate, and the second grinding disk rotates about the own axis.

The main machine has three configurations: a first main machine configuration for rotating the grinding disk kit in the first mode, a second main machine configuration for rotating the grinding disk kit in the second mode, and a third main machine configuration suitable for rotating the grinding disk kit in the first mode and the second mode.

Based on different configurations of the main machine, the relative motion of the first grinding disk and the second grinding disk as well as positions and functions of the roller feeding mechanisms in the grinding equipment are shown as follows.

In correspondence to the first main machine configuration, the spindle device is mounted on the base and drives the first grinding disk to rotate about the own axis by the connected lower pallet; the upper pallet is connected with the sliding table; the first grinding disk rotates about the own axis during grinding machining; the sliding table, together with the connected upper pallet and the second grinding disk connected with the upper pallet, approaches the first grinding disk along the axis of the second grinding disk under the constraints of the column or other guide components, and applies a working pressure to the bearing rollers to be machined distributed in the linear grooves of the first grinding disk; and the roller feeding mechanisms are respectively mounted at an inlet of each helical groove of the second grinding disk, and configured to push one bearing roller to be machined into the inlet of one linear groove when the inlet of any linear groove of the first grinding disk intersects the inlet of one helical groove.

In correspondence to the second main machine configuration, the spindle device is mounted on the sliding table and drives the second grinding disk to rotate about the own axis by the connected upper pallet; the lower pallet is mounted on the base; the second grinding disk rotates about the own axis during grinding machining; the sliding table, together with the spindle device, the upper pallet connected with the spindle device and the second grinding disk connected with the upper pallet, approaches the first grinding disk along the axis of the second grinding disk under the constraints of the column or other guide components, and applies a working pressure to the bearing rollers to be machined distributed in the linear grooves of the first grinding disk; and the roller feeding mechanisms are respectively mounted at an inlet of each linear groove of the first grinding disk, and configured to push one bearing roller to be machined into the inlet of one linear groove when the inlet of any helical groove of the second grinding disk intersects the inlet of one linear groove.

In correspondence to the third main machine configuration, two spindle devices are provided, wherein one spindle device is mounted on the base and drives the first grinding disk to rotate about the own axis by the connected lower pallet; the other spindle device is mounted on the sliding table and drives the second grinding disk to rotate about the own axis by the connected upper pallet; the two spindle devices are provided with locking mechanisms; only one of the first grinding disk and the second grinding disk is allowed to rotate at a time while the other grinding disk is in a circumferentially locked state; when the grinding disk kit of the grinding equipment rotates in the first mode for grinding machining, the relative motion of the first grinding disk and the second grinding disk is the same as that in the first main machine configuration, and the positions and functions of the roller feeding mechanisms in the equipment are the same as those in the first main machine configuration; and when the grinding disk kit of the grinding equipment rotates in the second mode for grinding machining, the relative motion of the first grinding disk and the second grinding disk is the same as that in the second main machine configuration, and the positions and functions of the roller feeding mechanisms in the equipment are the same as those in the second main machine configuration.

Further, the grinding equipment for finishing the rolling surfaces of the bearing rollers provided by the present invention is used for machining the ferromagnetic bearing rollers, wherein the above magnetic grinding disk kit is used as the grinding disk kit. The part of the roller circulating system outside the grinding disk also comprises roller demagnetizing devices. The roller demagnetizing devices are arranged in the roller conveying systems in a part of a roller circulating path outside the grinding disk or in front of the roller conveying systems and configured to demagnetize the ferromagnetic bearing rollers to be machined, wherein the ferromagnetic bearing rollers to be machined are magnetized by a magnetic field of an annular magnetic structure inside the base body of the second grinding disk.

The present invention also proposes a grinding method for finishing the rolling surfaces of bearing rollers. The grinding equipment provided by the present invention is adopted in the grinding method. The grinding disk kit in the grinding equipment is a non-magnetic grinding disk kit. The grinding method comprises the following steps:

Step 1, making the second grinding disk approach the first grinding disk along the own axis until a space of each grinding machining region enclosed by the working faces of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the working faces of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk can just accommodate one bearing roller to be machined;

Step 2, in correspondence to the first rotation mode of the grinding disk kit, rotating the first grinding disk about the own axis relative to the second grinding disk at a low speed of 1-10 rpm; and in correspondence to the second rotation mode of the grinding disk kit, rotating the second grinding disk about the own axis relative to the first grinding disk at a low speed of 1-10 rpm;

Step 3, starting the roller conveying systems, the roller sorting mechanisms and the roller feeding mechanisms; adjusting the feeding speed of the roller feeding mechanisms to be matched with a relative rotation speed of the first grinding disk and the second grinding disk; and adjusting the conveying speed of the roller conveying systems and the sorting speed of the roller sorting mechanisms to be matched with the feeding speed of the roller feeding mechanisms, thereby establishing a circulation of the linear feeding of the bearing rollers to be machined along the base lines of the linear grooves between the first grinding disk and the second grinding disk as well as the collecting, conveying, sorting and feeding through the part of the roller circulating system outside the grinding disk;

Step 4, adjusting the relative rotation speed of the first grinding disk and the second grinding disk to a relative working rotation speed of 5-60 rpm, adjusting the feeding speed of the roller feeding mechanisms to a working feeding speed so as to match with the relative working rotation speed of the first grinding disk and the second grinding disk, adjusting the conveying speed of the roller conveying systems and the sorting speed of the roller sorting mechanisms so that the bearing rollers to be machined at each of the roller collecting devices, the roller conveying systems, the roller sorting mechanisms and the roller feeding mechanisms in the part of the roller circulating system outside the grinding disk are matched in stock and smooth and orderly in circulation;

Step 5, filling the grinding machining regions with grinding fluid;

Step 6, comprising:

1) when the bearing rollers are the cylindrical rollers, making the second grinding disk further approach the first grinding disk along the own axis, so that the rolling surfaces of the cylindrical rollers to be machined in the grinding machining regions are in face contact with the working faces of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and in line contact with the first working faces of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk, respectively; when the bearing rollers are the tapered rollers, making the second grinding disk further approach the first grinding disk along the own axis, so that the rolling surfaces of the tapered rollers to be machined in the grinding machining regions are in line contact with two symmetrical side faces of the working faces of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the first working faces of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk, and big-end sphere base faces or big-end edge fillets or small-end edge fillets of the tapered rollers to be machined are in line contact with the second working faces of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk;

2) applying an average initial working pressure of 0.5-2 N to all the bearing rollers to be machined distributed in the grinding machining region; driving the bearing rollers to be machined by the friction of the working faces of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk to continuously rotate about the own axes; meanwhile, continuously pushing the bearing rollers to be machined by the working faces of the helical grooves to be fed linearly along the base lines of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk; and starting to grind the rolling surfaces of the bearing rollers to be machined by the working faces of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the first working faces of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk;

Step 7, with the stable operation of grinding machining process, gradually increasing the working pressure of each bearing roller to be machined distributed in the grinding machining region to a normal working pressure of 2-50 N; making the bearing rollers to be machined continuously maintain the contact with the working faces of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the working faces of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk in the step 6, rotate about the own axes and are linearly fed along the base lines of the linear grooves, and continuously grinding the rolling surfaces by the working faces of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the first working faces of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk;

Step 8, after a period of grinding machining, sampling the bearing rollers to be machined; if the surface quality, the shape precision and the dimensional uniformity of the rolling surface of the sampled bearing rollers to be machined have not yet met the technical requirements, continuing the grinding machining in the step 8; and if the surface quality, the shape precision and the dimensional uniformity of the rolling surface of the sampled bearing rollers to be machined meet the technical requirements, entering into step 9; and

Step 9, gradually reducing the working pressure to zero eventually; stopping the operation of the roller feeding mechanisms, the roller conveying systems and the roller finishing mechanisms; adjusting the relative rotation speed of the first grinding disk and the second grinding disk to zero; stopping filling the grinding machining regions with the grinding fluid; and making the second grinding disk return to a non-working position along the own axis.

Further, in the grinding method provided by the present invention, the adopted grinding disk kit in the grinding equipment is the above magnetic grinding disk kit, which is used for finishing the rolling surfaces of the ferromagnetic bearing rollers. The grinding method is different from the foregoing grinding method in the following steps:

Step 3, starting the roller demagnetizing devices, the roller conveying systems, the roller sorting mechanisms and the roller feeding mechanisms; adjusting the feeding speed of the roller feeding mechanisms to be matched with the relative rotation speed of the first grinding disk and the second grinding disk; and adjusting the conveying speed of the roller conveying systems and the sorting speed of the roller sorting mechanisms to be matched with the feeding speed of the roller feeding mechanisms, thereby establishing a circulation of the linear feeding of the bearing rollers to be machined along the base lines of the linear grooves between the first grinding disk and the second grinding disk as well as the collecting, conveying, sorting and feeding through the part of the roller circulating system outside the grinding disk;

Step 6, comprising:

1) allowing the annular magnetic structure inside the base body of the second grinding disk to enter into a working state; when the bearing rollers are the cylindrical rollers, making the second grinding disk further approach the first grinding disk along the own axis, so that the rolling surfaces of the cylindrical rollers to be machined in the grinding machining regions are in face contact with the working faces of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and in line contact with the first working faces of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk, respectively; when the bearing rollers are the tapered rollers, making the second grinding disk further approach the first grinding disk along the own axis, so that the rolling surfaces of the tapered rollers to be machined in the grinding machining regions are in line contact with two symmetrical side faces of the working faces of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the first working faces of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk, and the big-end sphere base faces or the big-end edge fillets or the small-end edge fillets of the tapered rollers to be machined are in line contact with the second working faces of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk;

2) applying an average initial working pressure of 0.5-2 N to all the bearing rollers to be machined distributed in the grinding machining regions; adjusting a magnetic field strength of the annular magnetic structure, so that a sliding frictional driving moment generated by the working faces of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk when the bearing rollers to be machined rotate about the own axes is greater than a sliding frictional resistance moment generated by the working faces of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk when the bearing rollers to be machined rotate about the own axes, thereby driving the bearing rollers to be machined continuously rotate about the own axes; meanwhile, continuously pushing the bearing rollers to be machined by the working faces of the helical grooves to be fed linearly along the base lines of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk; and starting to grind the rolling surfaces of the bearing rollers to be machined by the working faces of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the first working faces of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk; and

Step 9, gradually reducing the working pressure to zero eventually; stopping the operation of the roller feeding mechanisms, the roller conveying systems and the roller finishing mechanisms; adjusting the relative rotation speed of the first grinding disk and the second grinding disk to zero; switching the annular magnetic structure to a non-working state for stopping the operation of the roller demagnetizing devices; stopping filling the grinding machining regions with the grinding fluid; and making the second grinding disk return to the non-working position along the own axis.

In the grinding method provided by the present invention, the magnetic structure is arranged inside the second grinding disk of the grinding disk kit in the adopted grinding equipment in one of the following two cases:

Case 1: when the ferromagnetic bearing rollers to be machined are ground by a fixed abrasive grain grinding mode, the magnetic structure is arranged inside the second grinding disk; the magnetic field strength of the magnetic structure is adjusted, so that the sliding frictional driving moment generated by the working faces of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk when the ferromagnetic bearing rollers to be machined rotate about the own axes is greater than the sliding frictional resistance moment generated by the working faces of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk when the ferromagnetic bearing rollers to be machined rotate about the own axes, thereby driving the ferromagnetic bearing rollers to be machined to continuously rotate about the own axes.

Case 2: when the ferromagnetic bearing rollers to be machined are ground by a free abrasive grain grinding mode, the magnetic structure is arranged inside the second grinding disk to increase the sliding frictional driving moment generated by the working faces of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk when the ferromagnetic bearing rollers to be machined rotate about the own axes, so that the ferromagnetic bearing rollers to be machined can continuously rotate about the own axes without being affected by the matching of materials of the working faces of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the working faces of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk.

In the grinding method provided by the present invention, before the first grinding disk and the second grinding disk are used for the first time, the working faces of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the working faces of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk are ground by the bearing rollers to be machined with the same geometric parameters. The grinding-in method is the same as the grinding method of the bearing rollers to be machined. For the step 8, the bearing rollers to be machined involved in grinding-in are sampled; when the surface quality, the shape precision and the dimensional uniformity of the rolling surfaces of the sampled bearing rollers to be machined meet the technical requirements, the grinding-in process enters into step 9; otherwise, the step 8 is continued.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has beneficial effects as follows.

During grinding machining, in each grinding machining region enclosed by the working faces of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the working faces of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk, the rolling surfaces of the bearing rollers to be machined are in contact with the working faces of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the working faces of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk; the bearing rollers to be machined are driven by the friction of the working faces of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk to rotate about the own axes; the rolling surfaces of the bearing rollers to be machined slide relative to the working faces of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk, thereby grinding the rolling surfaces of the bearing rollers to be machined.

The material removal for the rolling surfaces is directly related to a contact stress between the rolling surfaces and the working faces of the linear grooves. When the rolling surfaces of the bearing rollers to be machined with a larger diameter or high points of the rolling surfaces of the bearing rollers to be machined are in contact with the working faces of the linear grooves, the contact stress between the rolling surfaces and the working faces of the linear grooves is larger, and the material removal rate for the rolling surfaces at the contacts is greater. When the rolling surfaces of the bearing rollers to be machined with a smaller diameter or low points of the rolling surfaces of the bearing rollers to be machined are in contact with the working faces of the linear grooves, the contact stress between the rolling surfaces and the working faces of the linear grooves is smaller, and the material removal rate for the rolling surfaces at the contacts is smaller. Thus, the purposes of removing more high-point materials and fewer low-point materials on the rolling surfaces of the bearing rollers, and removing more materials on the rolling surfaces of the bearing rollers with the larger diameter and fewer materials on the rolling surfaces of the bearing rollers with the smaller diameter can be achieved.

Due to the open design of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the helical grooves of the second grinding disk, the linear feeding of the bearing rollers to be machined between the first grinding disk and the second grinding disk along the base lines of the linear grooves as well as the collecting, conveying, sorting and feeding through the part of the roller circulating system outside the grinding disk are circulated during grinding machining; and an original sequence of the bearing rollers to be machined will be disrupted when passing through the part of the roller circulating system outside the grinding disk.

In a first aspect, the open design of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the helical groove of the second grinding disk is very suitable for the finishing of the rolling surfaces of a large number of bearing rollers. In a second aspect, since the sequence of the bearing rollers to be machine is disrupted when passing through the part of the roller circulating system outside the grinding disk, the above characteristics of “removing more high-point materials and fewer low-point materials on the rolling surfaces of the bearing rollers and removing more materials on the rolling surfaces of the bearing rollers with the larger diameter and fewer materials on the rolling surfaces of the bearing rollers with the smaller diameter” can be spread to the entire machining batch, thereby improving the shape precision and dimensional uniformity of the rolling surface of the bearing rollers of the entire batch. In a third aspect, tens to hundreds of intersections exist between the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the helical grooves of the second grinding disk, i.e., tens to hundreds of bearing rollers to be machined are ground at the same time, thereby improving the machining efficiency of the rolling surfaces of the bearing rollers and reducing the machining cost.

In addition, due to the taper design of the base face of the first grinding disk, especially when the inlets of the linear grooves are formed in an outer edge of the first grinding disk, more and longer linear grooves can be designed on the front face of the first grinding disk, i.e., more bearing rollers to be machined can be ground at the same time.

Further, due to the design of the working faces of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk, the linear feeding of the bearing rollers to be machined along the base lines of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk can be completed by the helical push of the working faces of the helical grooves; and the roller feeding mechanisms have relatively low requirements on axial pushing capability.

Moreover, due to the magnetic structure arranged inside the second grinding disk, a magnetic attraction force of the working faces of the helical grooves to the ferromagnetic bearing rollers to be machined is introduced into a force balance system of the ferromagnetic bearing rollers to be machined; and the magnetic attraction force is independent of the working pressure applied to the ferromagnetic bearing rollers to be machined by the relative approaching of the first grinding disk and the second grinding disk during grinding machining, so that the condition that “the sliding frictional driving moment generated by the working faces of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk when the ferromagnetic bearing rollers to be machined rotate about the own axes is greater than the sliding frictional resistance moment generated by the working faces of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk when the ferromagnetic bearing rollers to be machined rotate about the own axes” is easier to be achieved.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a grinding disk kit according to an embodiment 1 of the grinding disk kit;

FIG. 2A is a structural schematic diagram of linear grooves of a first grinding disk and a contact relationship between rolling surfaces of cylindrical rollers to be machined and working faces of the linear grooves according to the embodiment 1 of the grinding disk kit;

FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of the cylindrical rollers to be machined;

FIG. 2C is a schematic diagram of a scanning profile of scanning planes of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk according to the embodiment 1 of the grinding disk kit;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a base face of the first grinding disk according to the embodiment 1 of the grinding disk kit;

FIG. 4A is a structural schematic diagram of helical grooves of a second grinding disk according to the embodiment 1 of the grinding disk kit;

FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram of a contact relationship between the cylindrical rollers to be machined and the working faces of the helical grooves according to the embodiment 1 of the grinding disk kit;

FIG. 4C is a schematic diagram of characteristics of right circular conical helices according to the embodiment 1 of the grinding disk kit;

FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram of constraints of contact and degree of freedom (DOF) of motion between the cylindrical rollers to be machined and the grinding disk kit in a grinding machining state according to the embodiment 1 of the grinding disk kit;

FIG. 5B is an enlarged view of a part E in FIG. 5A;

FIG. 6A is a first schematic diagram of a contact between the cylindrical rollers to be machined and the working faces of the helical grooves according to the embodiment 1 of the grinding disk kit;

FIG. 6B is a second schematic diagram of the contact between the cylindrical rollers to be machined and the working faces of the helical grooves according to the embodiment 1 of the grinding disk kit;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of distribution of the cylindrical rollers to be machined in the linear grooves and the helical grooves in the grinding machining state according to the embodiment 1 of the grinding disk kit;

FIG. 8A is a structural schematic diagram of a first main machine configuration of grinding equipment according to the embodiment 1 of the grinding equipment;

FIG. 8B is a structural schematic diagram of a second main machine configuration of the grinding equipment according to the embodiment 1 of the grinding equipment;

FIG. 9A is a schematic diagram of a circulation of the cylindrical rollers to be machined in the first main machine configuration of the grinding equipment according to the embodiment 1 of the grinding equipment;

FIG. 9B is a schematic diagram of a circulation of the cylindrical rollers to be machined in the second main machine configuration of the grinding equipment according to the embodiment 1 of the grinding equipment;

FIG. 10A is a schematic diagram of the circulation of the cylindrical rollers to be machined inside and outside the grinding disk kit in the first main machine configuration according to the embodiment 1 of the grinding equipment;

FIG. 10B is a schematic diagram of a process that the cylindrical rollers to be machined are pushed by the working faces of the helical grooves at inlets of the helical grooves to enter grinding machining regions in the first main machine configuration according to the embodiment 1 of the grinding equipment;

FIG. 11A is a schematic diagram of the circulation of the cylindrical rollers to be machined inside and outside the grinding disk kit in the second main machine configuration according to the embodiment 1 of the grinding equipment;

FIG. 11B is a schematic diagram of a process that the cylindrical rollers to be machined are pushed by the working faces of the helical grooves at inlets of the helical grooves to enter grinding machining regions in the second main machine configuration according to the embodiment 1 of the grinding equipment;

FIG. 12A is a schematic diagram of a magnetic structure of the second grinding disk and the distribution of magnetic fields near the front face of the second grinding disk according to an embodiment 2 of the grinding disk kit;

FIG. 12B is an enlarged view of a part F in FIG. 12A, and is a schematic diagram of magnetic force lines near the front face of the second grinding disk preferably passing through the ferromagnetic cylindrical rollers to be machined;

FIG. 13A is a structural schematic diagram of a first main machine configuration of grinding equipment according to the embodiment 2 of the grinding equipment;

FIG. 13B is a structural schematic diagram of a second main machine configuration of grinding equipment according to the embodiment 2 of the grinding equipment;

FIG. 14A is a schematic diagram of a circulation of the cylindrical rollers to be machined in the first main machine configuration of the grinding equipment according to the embodiment 2 of the grinding equipment;

FIG. 14B is a schematic diagram of a circulation of the cylindrical rollers to be machined in the second main machine configuration of the grinding equipment according to the embodiment 2 of the grinding equipment;

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the circulation of the cylindrical rollers to be machined inside and outside a magnetic grinding disk kit in the first main machine configuration according to the embodiment 2 of the grinding equipment;

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the circulation of the cylindrical rollers to be machined inside and outside the magnetic grinding disk kit in the second main machine configuration according to the embodiment 2 of the grinding equipment;

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a grinding disk kit according to an embodiment 3 of the grinding disk kit;

FIG. 18A is a structural schematic diagram of linear grooves of a first grinding disk and a contact relationship between rolling surfaces of tapered rollers to be machined and working faces of the linear grooves according to the embodiment 3 of the grinding disk kit;

FIG. 18B is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of the tapered rollers to be machined;

FIG. 18C is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional structure of the tapered rollers to be machined;

FIG. 18D is a schematic diagram of a scanning profile of scanning planes of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk where the working faces of the linear grooves are located according to the embodiment 3 of the grinding disk kit;

FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of a base face of the first grinding disk according to the embodiment 3 of the grinding disk kit;

FIG. 20A is a structural schematic diagram of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk according to the embodiment 3 of the grinding disk kit;

FIG. 20B is a schematic diagram of a contact relationship between the tapered rollers to be machined and the working faces of the helical grooves according to the embodiment 3 of the grinding disk kit;

FIG. 20C is a schematic diagram of characteristics of right circular conical equiangular helices according to the embodiment 3 of the grinding disk kit;

FIG. 21A is a schematic diagram of constraints of contact and DOF of motion between the tapered rollers to be machined and the grinding disk kit in a grinding machining state according to the embodiment 3 of the grinding disk kit;

FIG. 21B is an enlarged view of a part E in FIG. 21A;

FIG. 22A is a first schematic diagram of a contact between the tapered rollers to be machined and the working faces of the helical grooves according to the embodiment 3 of the grinding disk kit;

FIG. 22B is a second schematic diagram of the contact between the tapered rollers to be machined and the working faces of the helical grooves according to the embodiment 3 of the grinding disk kit;

FIG. 22C is a third schematic diagram of the contact between the tapered rollers to be machined and the working faces of the helical grooves according to the embodiment 3 of the grinding disk kit;

FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the tapered rollers to be machined in the linear grooves and the helical grooves in the grinding machining state according to the embodiment 3 of the grinding disk kit;

FIG. 24A is a structural schematic diagram of a first main machine configuration of grinding equipment according to the embodiment 3 of the grinding equipment;

FIG. 24B is a structural schematic diagram of a second main machine configuration of the grinding equipment according to the embodiment 3 of the grinding equipment;

FIG. 25A is a schematic diagram of a circulation of the tapered rollers to be machined in the first main machine configuration of the grinding equipment according to the embodiment 3 of the grinding equipment;

FIG. 25B is a schematic diagram of a circulation of the tapered rollers to be machined in the second main machine configuration of the grinding equipment according to the embodiment 3 of the grinding equipment;

FIG. 26A is a schematic diagram of the circulation of the tapered rollers to be machined inside and outside the grinding disk kit in the first main machine configuration according to the embodiment 3 of the grinding equipment;

FIG. 26B is a schematic diagram of a process that the tapered rollers to be machined are pushed by the working faces of the helical grooves at inlets of the helical grooves to enter the grinding machining regions in the first main machine configuration according to the embodiment 3 of the grinding equipment;

FIG. 27A is a schematic diagram of the circulation of the tapered rollers to be machined inside and outside the grinding disk kit in the second main machine configuration according to the embodiment 3 of the grinding equipment;

FIG. 27B is a schematic diagram of a process that the tapered rollers to be machined are pushed by the working faces of the helical grooves at inlets of the helical grooves to enter the grinding machining regions in the second main machine configuration according to the embodiment 3 of the grinding equipment;

FIG. 28A is a schematic diagram of a magnetic structure of the second grinding disk and the distribution of magnetic fields near the front face of the second grinding disk according to an embodiment 4 of the grinding disk kit;

FIG. 28B is a part F in FIG. 28A, and is a schematic diagram of magnetic force lines near the front face of the second grinding disk preferably passing through the ferromagnetic tapered rollers to be machined;

FIG. 29A is a structural schematic diagram of a first main machine configuration of grinding equipment according to the embodiment 4 of the grinding equipment;

FIG. 29B is a structural schematic diagram of a second main machine configuration of grinding equipment according to the embodiment 4 of the grinding equipment;

FIG. 30A is a schematic diagram of a circulation of the tapered rollers to be machined in the first main machine configuration of the grinding equipment according to the embodiment 4 of the grinding equipment;

FIG. 30B is a schematic diagram of a circulation of the tapered rollers to be machined in the second main machine configuration of the grinding equipment according to the embodiment 4 of the grinding equipment;

FIG. 31 is a schematic diagram of the circulation of the tapered rollers to be machined inside and outside a magnetic grinding disk kit in the first main machine configuration according to the embodiment 4 of the grinding equipment; and

FIG. 32 is a schematic diagram of the circulation of the tapered rollers to be machined inside and outside the magnetic grinding disk kit in the second main machine configuration according to the embodiment 4 of the grinding equipment.

In figures,

- 11—base; 12—column; 13—beam; 14—sliding table; 15—upper pallet; 16—lower pallet; 17—axial loading device; 18—spindle device; 21—first grinding disk; 211—front face of the first grinding disk; 2111—linear groove; 21111—working face of the linear groove; 21112—central plane; 21113—scanning plane of the linear groove; 211131—normal section profile; 211132—normal section profile symmetry line; 21114—normal section of the linear groove; 21116—base line of the linear groove (a scanning path of the scanning plane of the linear groove, a straight line); 21117—bottom line of the linear groove; 21118—inlet of the linear groove; 21119—outlet of the linear groove; 2112—transition face for connecting the adjacent linear grooves; 212—mounting face of first grinding disk; 213—axis of the first grinding disk; 214—base face of the first grinding disk; 2141—axial section transversal of the base face of the first grinding disk; 215—axial section of the first grinding disk;
- 22—second grinding disk; 220—base body of the second grinding disk; 221—front face of the second grinding disk; 2211—helical groove; 22111—working face of the helical groove; 221111—first working face; 221112—second working face; 221121—first scanning plane; 221122—second scanning plane; 221131—first axial section profile; 221132—second axial section profile; 22116—base line of the helical groove (a scanning path of the scanning plane where the working face of the helical groove is located, a right circular conical helix); 221161—right circular conical equiangular helix; 221162—right circular conical non-equiangular helix; 22117—tangent line of the right circular conical helix; 22118—inlet of the helical groove; 22119—outlet of the helical groove; 2212—transition face for connecting the adjacent helical grooves; 222—mounting face of the second grinding disk; 223—axis of the second grinding disk; 224—base face of the second grinding disk; 2241—axial section transversal of the base face of the second grinding disk; 2242—tessellation line of the base face of the second grinding disk; 2243—tangent line of the base face of the second grinding disk; 225—axial section of the second grinding disk; 226—annular magnetic structure; 227—magnetic field (magnetic force line); 228—non-magnetic conductive material;
- 3-bearing roller to be machined (cylindrical roller or tapered roller); 31—axis of the bearing roller (cylindrical roller or tapered roller); 32—rolling surface; 321—contact line; 322—first contact line; 323—axial section transversal of the rolling surface; 331—small-end edge fillet; 3312—second contact line; 332—end-face edge fillet; 34—big end; 341—big-end edge fillet; 3412—third contact line; 342—big-end sphere base face; 3422—fourth contact line;
- 41—roller collecting device; 42—roller demagnetizing device; 43—roller conveying system; 44—roller sorting mechanism; 45—roller feeding mechanism; 451—roller feeding channel; 4511—positioning face of the roller feeding channel; 45211—first working face of the butting helical groove; 45212—second working face of the butting helical groove;
- A and B—far-end points of the normal section profile of the scanning plane of linear groove on both sides of the central plane; C and D—two end points of the mapping of the rolling surface of the bearing roller to be machined on the own axis; G—intersection of the linear groove of the first grinding disk and the helical groove of the second grinding disk during grinding machining; M—midpoint of any linear segment constituting the normal section profile of the scanning plane of linear groove; N—contact point between one end-face edge fillet of the cylindrical roller to be machined and the second working face of the helical groove of the second grinding disk; P—moving point on the tessellation line of the base face of the second grinding disk; Q—midpoint of the mapping of the rolling surface of the bearing roller to be machined on the own axis;
- α—cone apex half-angle of the base face of the first grinding disk; β—cone apex half-angle of the base face of the second grinding disk; γ—angle between the axis of the tapered roller to be machined and the base line of linear groove; θ₁and θ₂—central angles of the far-end points of the normal section profile of the scanning plane of linear groove on both sides of the central plane; 2θ—angle between two linear segments constituting the normal section profile of the scanning plane of the linear groove; 2φ—taper angle of the tapered roller to be machined; Δ—helix angle; h—distance between the base line of linear groove and the bottom line of linear groove; l₁—distance between the midpoint of any linear segment constituting the normal section profile of the scanning plane of the linear groove and the intersection point of two extension lines of the linear segment; l₂—length of any linear segment constituting the normal section profile of the scanning plane of linear groove; L—axial length of the rolling surface of the tapered roller to be machined; R—radius of the big end of the tapered roller to be machined; SR—radius of the large-end sphere base face of the tapered roller to be machined; d—embedding depth of the non-magnetic conductive material; s—embedding spacing or pitch of the non-magnetic conductive material; and t—thickness of the non-magnetic conductive material.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The present invention will be further described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention, but cannot be construed as a limit to the present invention. In addition, the dimensions, materials, shapes and relative configurations of constative parts described in the following embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specific description is proposed.

Embodiment 1 of the grinding disk kit: a grinding disk kit for finishing rolling surfaces of cylindrical bearing rollers.

The grinding disk kit includes a pair of coaxial first grinding disk 21 and second grinding disk 22, wherein a front face 211 of the first grinding disk is arranged opposite to a front face 221 of the second grinding disk. As shown in FIG. 1, the reference numeral 213 refers to the axis of the first grinding disk; and the reference numeral 223 refers to the axis of the second grinding disk.

A mounting face 212 of the first grinding disk and a mounting face 222 of the second grinding disk respectively face away from the front face 211 of the first grinding disk and the front face 221 of the second grinding disk. The first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22 are respectively connected with corresponding mounting bases on grinding equipment through the respective mounting faces.

The front face 211 of the first grinding disk includes a group of (not less than 3) radially distributed linear grooves 2111 and transition faces 2112 for connecting the adjacent linear grooves.

As shown in FIG. 2A, surfaces of the linear grooves 2111 include working faces 21111 of the linear grooves in contact with the rolling surfaces 32 of the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined during grinding machining and non-working faces (not shown in the figure) out of contact with the rolling surfaces 32 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined. FIG. 2B shows a three-dimensional structure of the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves are located on scanning planes 21113 of the linear grooves, which are constant cross-section scanning planes. Scanning paths of the scanning planes 21113 of the linear grooves are straight lines; and generatrices (i.e., scanning profiles) of the scanning planes 21113 of the linear grooves are in normal sections 21114 of the linear grooves. The normal sections 21114 of the linear grooves are planes perpendicular to the scanning paths (straight lines) of the scanning planes 21113 of the linear grooves.

As shown in FIG. 2A and FIG. 2C, in the normal sections 21114 of the linear grooves, a normal section profile 211131 (i.e., a scanning profile in the normal sections 21114 of the linear grooves) of the scanning planes 21113 of the linear grooves is a circular arc with a radius of curvature equal to that of the rolling surfaces 32 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined. It is defined that the scanning paths of the scanning planes 21113 of the linear grooves, which pass through a center of curvature of the normal section profile 211131, are base lines 21116 of the linear grooves.

The scanning planes 21113 of the linear grooves are constant cross-section scanning planes specifically means that the normal section profile 211131 of the scanning planes 21113 of the linear grooves keep constant in the normal sections 21114 of the linear grooves at different positions of the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves.

It is understandable that a relationship between the scanning planes and the working faces thereon is as follows: the scanning planes determine shapes, positions and boundaries of the working faces; the scanning planes are continuous surfaces; the working faces and the corresponding scanning planes have the same shapes, positions and boundaries; and the working faces may be discontinuous without affecting the contact relationship between the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined and the working faces, and the grinding uniformity of the rolling surfaces 32 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined.

As shown in FIG. 3, all the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves are distributed on a right circular cone face. It is defined that the right circular cone face is a base face 214 of the first grinding disk; and an axis of the base face 214 of the first grinding disk is an axis 213 of the first grinding disk.

It is defined that a cone apex angle 2α of the base face 214 of the first grinding disk is an angle of an axial section transversal 2141 of the base face of the first grinding disk located at one side of an entity of the first grinding disk 21 in an axial section 215 of the first grinding disk; and the reference numeral α refers to a cone apex half-angle of the base face 214 of the first grinding disk.

The base lines 21116 of the linear grooves are in the axial section 215 of the first grinding disk. It is defined that the axial section 215 of the first grinding disk including the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves is a central plane 21112 of the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves. As shown in FIG. 2C, in the normal sections 21114 of the linear grooves, central angles of the normal section profile 211131 of the scanning planes 21113 of the linear grooves, where the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves are located, at far-end points A and B of both sides of the central plane 21112 satisfy θ₁≤90° and θ₂≤90°.

During grinding machining, the axes 31 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined are in the central plane 21112 of the working faces of the linear grooves; the rolling surfaces 32 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined are in face contact with the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves; and the axes 31 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined overlap with the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves, as shown in FIG. 3.

During grinding machining, the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined sequentially enter the linear grooves 2111 from an inlet 21118 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk, pass through the linear grooves 2111, and leave the linear grooves 2111 from an outlet 21119 of each corresponding linear groove, as shown in FIG. 10A and FIG. 11A.

The inlet 21118 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk is formed in an outer edge of the first grinding disk 21; and the outlet 21119 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk is formed in an inner edge of the first grinding disk 21. Alternatively, the inlet 21118 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk is formed in the inner edge of the first grinding disk 21; and the outlet 21119 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk is formed in the outer edge of the first grinding disk 21. It is recommended that the inlet 21118 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk is formed in the outer edge of the first grinding disk 21; and the outlet 21119 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk is formed in the inner edge of the first grinding disk 21, as shown in FIG. 10A and FIG. 11A.

It is recommended that all the linear grooves 2111 are uniformly distributed around the axis 213 of the first grinding disk.

As shown in FIG. 4A, the front face 221 of the second grinding disk includes one or more helical grooves 2211 and transition faces 2212 for connecting the adjacent helical grooves. FIG. 9A, FIG. 9B and FIG. 10A show two helical grooves.

As shown in FIG. 4B, surfaces of the helical grooves 2211 include working faces 22111 of the helical grooves in contact with the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined during grinding machining and non-working faces out of contact with the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined.

The working faces 22111 of the helical grooves include a first working face 221111 in contact with the rolling surfaces 32 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined during grinding machining and a second working face 221112 in contact with end-face edge fillets 332 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined. During grinding machining, the rolling surfaces 32 and the end-face edge fillets 332 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined are respectively tangent to the first working face 221111 and the second working face 221112 under the constraints of the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk.

The first working face 221111 and the second working face 221112 are respectively located on a first scanning plane 221121 and a second scanning plane 221122; and both the first scanning plane 221121 and the second scanning plane 221122 are constant cross-section scanning planes. The cylindrical rollers to be machined are placed in the helical grooves 2211 as a reference; and a contact relationship between the cylindrical rollers to be machined and the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves is the same as that during grinding machining. The first scanning plane 221121 and the second scanning plane 221122 have the same scanning paths; and the scanning paths of both the first scanning plane 221121 and the second scanning plane 221122 are right circular conical helices (right circular conical equiangular helices 221161 or right circular conical non-equiangular helices 221162) which pass a midpoint Q of the mapping CD of the rolling surfaces 32 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined on the own axes 31 and are distributed on a right circular cone face.

As shown in FIG. 4C, it is defined that the scanning paths of the first scanning plane 221121 and the second scanning plane 221122 where the first working face 221111 and the second working face 221112 are located are base lines 22116 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk; the right circular cone face is a base face 224 of the second grinding disk; and an axis of the base face 224 of the second grinding disk is the axis 223 of the second grinding disk.

The right circular conical helices (the base lines 22116 of the helical grooves) have the characteristics as follows: as shown in FIG. 4C, a tessellation line 2242 on the right circular cone face (the base face 224 of the second grinding disk) rotates about the axis 223 (of the second grinding disk) of the right circular cone face; a moving point P moves linearly along the tessellation line 2242; a trajectory of the moving point P is the right circular conical helix (the base line 22116 of each helical groove); an angle A is formed between a tangent line 22117 of the trajectory of the moving point P at the moving point P and a tangent line 2243, which is perpendicular to the tessellation line 2242, of the right circular cone face (the base face 224 of the second grinding disk) at the moving point P; and the angle λ is a helix angle of the right circular conical helix (the base line 22116 of each helical groove). When the helix angle is a fixed angle and λ≠0, the base lines of the helical grooves are right circular conical equiangular helices 221161. When the helix angle λ changes with the position of the moving point P, the base lines of the helical grooves are right circular conical non-equiangular helices 221162.

As shown in FIG. 4A, it is defined that a cone apex angle 2β of the base face 224 of the second grinding disk is an angle of an axial section transversal 2241 of the base face of the second grinding disk located at one side of an entity of the second grinding disk 22 in an axial section 225 of the second grinding disk; and the reference numeral β refers to a cone apex half-angle of the base face 224 of the second grinding disk.

Generatrices (i.e., scanning profiles) of the first scanning plane 221121 and the second scanning plane 221122 are both in the axial section 225 of the second grinding disk.

The first scanning plane 221121 and the second scanning plane 221122 are both constant cross-section scanning planes specifically means that a first axial section profile 221131 of the first scanning plane 221121 and a second axial section profile 221132 of the second scanning plane 221122 keep constant in the axial sections 225 of the second grinding disk at different positions of the base lines 22116 of the helical grooves.

The cone apex angle 2β of the base face 224 of the second grinding disk and the cone apex angle 2α of the base face 214 of the first grinding disk satisfy the following relationship: 2α+6β=360°.

As shown in FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B, FIG. 5B is an enlarged view of a part E in FIG. 5A; during grinding machining, under the constraints of the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk, the rolling surfaces 32 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined are in line contact with (tangent to) the first working face 221111 of the helical grooves; and one end-face edge fillet 332 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined is in line contact with (tangent to) or in point contact with (tangent to) the second working face 221112 of the helical grooves. The cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined only have a degree of freedom (DOF) of motion of rotating about the own axes 31.

As shown in FIG. 5B, a first contact line 322 between the rolling surface 32 of each cylindrical roller to be machined and the first working face 221111 of the helical grooves is in the axial section 225 of the second grinding disk including the axis 31 of each cylindrical roller to be machined. The first contact lines 322, the first axial section profile 221131 of the first scanning planes 221121 where the first working face 221111 of the helical grooves is located, and axial section transversals 323 of the rolling surfaces of the cylindrical rollers to be machined are on the same straight line.

As shown in FIG. 6A, when the scanning paths of the scanning planes of the helical grooves where the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves are located are the right circular conical equiangular helices 221161, since the helix angle of the right circular conical equiangular helices 221161 is a fixed angle, one end-face edge fillet 332 of the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined is in line contact with the second working face 221112 of the helical grooves during grinding machining; and the reference numeral 3312 refers to a second contact line subjected to the line contact.

As shown in FIG. 6B, when the scanning paths of the scanning planes of the helical grooves where the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves are located are the right circular conical non-equiangular helices 221162, since the helix angle of the right circular conical non-equiangular helices 221162 is not a fixed angle, one end-face edge fillet 332 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined is in point contact with the second working face 221112 of the helical grooves during grinding machining, and the position of a contact point N changes with the positions of the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined on the helical grooves 2211. In addition, in the axial section 225 of the second grinding disk including the axes 31 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined, the first axial section profile 221131 of the first scanning planes 221121 where the first working face 221111 of the helical grooves is located and the axial section transversals 323 of the rolling surfaces of the cylindrical rollers to be machined as shown in FIG. 5B are on the same straight line and also have a relative displacement along the straight line.

As shown in FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B, the reference numeral 322 refers to the first contact line between the rolling surfaces 32 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined and the first working face 221111 of the helical grooves.

As shown in FIG. 4B, characteristics of the second axial section profile 221132 (i.e., a scanning profile of the second scanning plane 221122 in the axial section 225 of the second grinding disk) of the second scanning plane where the second working faces of the helical grooves are located are directly related to a contact relationship between the end-face edge fillet 332 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined and the second working face 221112 of the helical grooves and the base lines 22116 of the helical grooves, and can be determined by utilizing an analytical method or a graphical method with the help of three-dimensional design software according to the contact relationship between the end-face edge fillet 332 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined and the second working face 221112 of the helical grooves and the base lines 22116 of the helical grooves.

A structural relationship between the second scanning plane 221122 adapted to the given cylindrical roller 3 to be machined where the second working face 221112 of the helical grooves is located and the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined can be expressed as follows: the positions and postures of the axes 31 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined relative to the base face 224 of the second grinding disk and the base lines 22116 of the helical grooves are determined according to a constraint relationship of the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk to the given cylindrical roller 3 to be machined, a structural relationship of the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22 and a relative positional relationship of the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22 during grinding machining; i.e., the axes 31 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined overlap with the axial section transversal 2241 of the base face of the second grinding disk and intersect the base lines 22116 of the helical grooves at the midpoint Q of the mapping CD of the rolling surfaces 32 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined on the own axes 31. The cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined are subjected to right circular conical helical motion relative to the second grinding disk 22 along the base lines 22116 of the helical grooves, to remove materials interfering with one end-face edge fillet 332 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined on the entity at the front face 221 of the second grinding disk. A surface, which is formed on the entity at the front face 221 of the second grinding disk and related to the end-face edge fillet 332 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined, is the second scanning plane 221122 where the second working face 221112 of the helical grooves is located.

When an inlet 21118 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk is formed in an outer edge of the first grinding disk 21 and an outlet 21119 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk is formed in an inner edge of the first grinding disk 21, an inlet 22118 of each helical groove of the second grinding disk is formed in an outer edge of the second grinding disk 22, and an outlet 22119 of each helical groove of the second grinding disk is formed in an inner edge of the second grinding disk 2. When the inlet 21118 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk is formed in the inner edge of the first grinding disk 21 and the outlet 21119 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk is formed in the outer edge of the first grinding disk 21, the inlet 22118 of each helical groove of the second grinding disk is formed in the inner edge of the second grinding disk 22, and the outlet 22119 of each helical groove of the second grinding disk is formed in the outer edge of the second grinding disk 22, as shown in FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B.

It is recommended that all the helical grooves 2211 are uniformly distributed around the axis 223 of the second grinding disk.

When 2α=2β3=180°, it is different from 2α≠2β in that the base face 214 of the first grinding disk and the base face 224 of the second grinding disk are both flat; the axis 213 of the first grinding disk is perpendicular to the base face 214 of the first grinding disk; the axis 223 of the second grinding disk is perpendicular to the base face 224 of the second grinding disk; and the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves may be in or out of the axial section 215 of the first grinding disk. When the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves are out of the axial section 215 of the first grinding disk, the central plane 21112 of the working faces of the linear grooves is a plane including the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves and parallel to the axis 213 of the first grinding disk; and the axes 31 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined are out of the axial section 215 of the first grinding disk and the axial section 225 of the second grinding disk during grinding machining.

During grinding machining, the base face 214 of the first grinding disk overlaps with the base face 224 of the second grinding disk; and a gap exists between the transition face 2112 for connecting the adjacent linear grooves on the front face 211 of the first grinding disk and the transition face 2212 for connecting the adjacent helical grooves on the front face 221 of the second grinding disk.

As shown in FIG. 7, one cylindrical roller 3 to be machined is distributed in each linear groove 2111 of the first grinding disk along the base line 21116 of the linear groove corresponding to each intersection G of the helical grooves 2211 of the second grinding disk and the linear grooves 2111 of the first grinding disk during grinding machining. It is defined that a region, corresponding to each intersection G, enclosed by working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk is a grinding machining region.

Embodiment 2 of the grinding disk kit: a grinding disk kit for finishing rolling surfaces of cylindrical rollers made of ferromagnetic materials (such as GCr15, G20CrNi2MoA and Cr4Mo4V).

The grinding disk kit includes a pair of coaxial first grinding disk 21 and second grinding disk 22, and is different from the grinding disk kit described in the embodiment 1 of the grinding disk kit in that:

As shown in FIG. 12A and FIG. 12B, FIG. 12B is an enlarged view of the part F in FIG. 12A; a base body 220 of the second grinding disk is made of magnetic conductive materials; and an annular magnetic structure 226 is embedded inside the base body 220 of the second grinding disk, to form a magnetic field 227 near the front face 221 of the second grinding disk along the tessellation line 2242 of the base face of the second grinding disk. A group of annular band-shaped (or helical band-shaped) non-magnetic conductive materials 228 are embedded on the front face 221 of the second grinding disk; or, only a group of annular grooves or helical grooves are formed in the front face 221 of the second grinding disk, and the non-magnetic conductive materials 228 are not embedded; or, a group of annular grooves or helical grooves are arranged at one side of an inner cavity of the base body 220 of the second grinding disk opposite to the front face 221 of the second grinding disk, to increase the magnetic resistance of the front face 221 of the second grinding disk along the tessellation line 2242 of the base face of the second grinding disk. The magnetic conductive materials of the base body 220 of the second grinding disk and the embedded annular band-shaped (or helical band-shaped) non-magnetic conductive materials 228 are closely connected on the front face 221 of the second grinding disk and form the front face 221 of the second grinding disk together. On one hand, the thickness t, the embedding depth d and the spacing (or pitch) s of the annular band-shaped (or helical band-shaped) non-magnetic conductive materials 228 must meet the requirements of the front face 221 of the second grinding disk on the structural strength and rigidity. On the other hand, it should be ensured that the magnetic field 227 near the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk preferentially passes through the ferromagnetic cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined in contact with the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk during grinding machining.

The annular magnetic structure 226 inside the base body of the second grinding disk may be an electromagnetic structure or an electrically controlled permanent magnetic structure.

The magnetic conductive materials are soft magnetic materials with relatively high permeability, such as soft iron, low carbon steel and magnetically soft alloy; and the non-magnetic conductive materials 228 are non-ferromagnetic materials such as non-ferrous metals and austenitic stainless steel.

Embodiment 3 of the grinding disk kit: a grinding disk kit for finishing rolling surfaces of the tapered rollers.

The grinding disk kit includes a pair of coaxial first grinding disk 21 and second grinding disk 22, wherein a front face 211 of the first grinding disk is arranged opposite to a front face 221 of the second grinding disk. As shown in FIG. 17, the reference numeral 213 refers to the axis of the first grinding disk; and the reference numeral 223 refers to the axis of the second grinding disk.

A mounting face 212 of the first grinding disk and a mounting face 222 of the second grinding disk respectively face away from the front face 211 of the first grinding disk and the front face 221 of the second grinding disk. The first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22 are respectively connected with corresponding mounting bases on grinding equipment through the respective mounting faces.

The front face 211 of the first grinding disk includes a group of (not less than 3) radially distributed linear grooves 2111 and transition faces 2112 for connecting the adjacent linear grooves.

As shown in FIG. 18A, surfaces of the linear grooves 2111 include working faces 21111 of the linear grooves in contact with the rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers 3 to be machined during grinding machining and non-working faces out of contact with the rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers to be machined. FIG. 18B and FIG. 18C respectively shows a three-dimensional structure and a two-dimensional structure of the tapered rollers 3 to be machined.

As shown in FIG. 18A, the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves are located on scanning planes 21113 of the linear grooves with two symmetrical sides, wherein the scanning planes 21113 of the linear grooves are constant cross-section scanning planes. Scanning paths of the scanning planes 21113 of the linear grooves are straight lines; and generatrices (i.e., scanning profiles) of the scanning planes 21113 of the linear grooves are in normal sections 21114 of the linear grooves. The normal sections 21114 of the linear grooves are planes perpendicular to the scanning paths (straight lines) of the scanning planes 21113 of the linear grooves.

As shown in FIG. 18A and FIG. 18D, in the normal sections 21114 of the linear grooves, a normal section profile 211131 (i.e., a scanning profile in the normal sections 21114 of the linear grooves) of the scanning planes 21113 of the linear grooves is two symmetrical linear segments. A distance between a midpoint M of any linear segment and an intersection point of extension lines of the two linear segments is l₁; a length of any linear segment is l₂; and an angle between the two linear segments is 2θ.

As shown in FIG. 18A, it is defined that the scanning paths of the scanning planes 21113 of the linear grooves passing through the intersection point of extension lines of the two linear segments are bottom lines 21117 of the linear grooves.

A central plane 21112 of the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves is a plane including a normal section profile symmetry line 211132 of the scanning planes 21113 of the linear grooves and the scanning paths of the scanning planes 21113 of the linear grooves. During grinding machining, the axes 31 of the tapered rollers to be machined are in the central plane 21112 of the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves; and the rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers to be machined are in line contact with (tangent to) two symmetrical side faces of the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves, respectively. The reference numeral 321 refers to a contact line subjected to the line contact. A small end of each tapered roller to be machined is closer to the bottom line 21117 of each linear groove than a big end 34.

The tapered rollers to be machined are placed in the linear grooves 2111 as a reference; and a contact relationship between the tapered rollers to be machined and the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves is the same as that during grinding machining. It is defined that the scanning paths of the scanning planes 21113 of the linear grooves, which pass through a midpoint Q of the mapping CD of the rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers to be machined on the own axes 31, are base lines 21116 of the linear grooves; and the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves are parallel to the bottom lines 21117 of the linear grooves.

The scanning planes 21113 of the linear grooves are constant cross-section scanning planes specifically means that the normal section profile 211131 of the scanning planes 21113 of the linear grooves keep constant in the normal sections 21114 of the linear grooves at different positions of the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves.

It is understandable that a relationship between the scanning planes and the working faces thereon is as follows: the scanning planes determine shapes, positions and boundaries of the working faces; the scanning planes are continuous surfaces; the working faces and the corresponding scanning planes have the same shapes, positions and boundaries; and the working faces may be discontinuous without affecting the contact relationship between the tapered rollers 3 to be machined and the working faces, and the grinding uniformity of the rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers to be machined.

As shown in FIG. 19, all the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves are distributed on a right circular cone face. It is defined that the right circular cone face is a base face 214 of the first grinding disk; and an axis of the base face 214 of the first grinding disk is an axis 213 of the first grinding disk.

It is defined that a cone apex angle 2α of the base face 214 of the first grinding disk is an angle of an axial section transversal 2141 of the base face of the first grinding disk located at one side of an entity of the first grinding disk 21 in an axial section 215 of the first grinding disk; and the reference numeral α refers to a cone apex half-angle of the base face 214 of the first grinding disk.

The base lines 21116 of the linear grooves are in the axial section 215 of the first grinding disk. The central plane 21112 of the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves overlaps with the axial section 215 of the first grinding disk including the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves.

As shown in FIG. 18A and FIG. 18C, a half-cone angle of the tapered rollers 3 to be machined is φ; for the tapered rollers 3 to be machined with given big-end radius R, axial length L of the rolling surfaces and cone angle 2φ, a distance between the base lines 21116 of the adapted linear grooves and the bottom lines 21117 of the adapted linear grooves is h; the axes 31 of the tapered rollers to be machined intersect the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves at the midpoint Q of the mapping CD of the rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers to be machined on the own axes 31; an angle between the axes 31 of the tapered rollers 3 to be machined and the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves is γ; and

sin φ=sin γ sin θ

A distance l₁between the midpoint M of any one of two symmetrical linear segments, which are adapted to the given tapered roller 3 to be machined and constitute the normal section profile 211131 of the scanning planes 21113 of the linear grooves where the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves are located, and the intersection point of the extension lines of the two linear segments, a length l₂of any linear segment, and the distance h between the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves and the bottom lines 21117 of the linear grooves can be determined by utilizing an analytical method or a graphical method with the help of three-dimensional design software according to the line contact (tangent) relationship between the rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers to be machined and the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves.

A structural relationship between the scanning planes 21113 of the linear grooves adapted to the given tapered roller 3 to be machined where the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves are located and the tapered rollers 3 to be machined can be expressed as follows: the relative positions and postures of the axes 31 of the tapered rollers to be machined relative to the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves are determined in the central plane 21112 of the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves according to a constraint relationship of the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk to the given tapered roller 3 to be machined during grinding machining; i.e., the axes 31 of the tapered rollers to be machined intersect the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves at the midpoint Q of the mapping CD of the rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers to be machined on the own axes 31, and form an angle γ together with the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves. The tapered rollers 3 to be machined linearly move relative to the first grinding disk 21 along the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves, to remove materials interfering with the rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers to be machined on the entity at the front face 211 of the first grinding disk. Two symmetrical surfaces, which are formed on the entity at the front face 211 of the first grinding disk and related to the rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers to be machined, are the scanning planes 21113 where the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves are located.

The combination of the normal section profile 211131, which satisfies the big-end radius R, the axial length L of the rolling surfaces and the cone angle 2φ of the given tapered roller to be machined and the line contact (tangent) relationship between the rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers to be machined and the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves during grinding machining, of the scanning planes 21113 of the linear grooves where the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves are located, the distance h between the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves and the bottom lines 21117 of the linear grooves, and the angle γ between the axes 31 of the tapered rollers to be machined and the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves is not unique.

For the tapered rollers 3 to be machined having the rolling surfaces 32 designed with convexity, the normal section profile 211131 of the scanning planes 21113 of the linear grooves, where the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves are adapted to the rolling surfaces, should be modified according to a convexity curve of the rolling surfaces 32. The modified normal section profile 211131 is two symmetrical curved segments slightly concaved toward the entity of the first grinding disk 21. An angle between tangent lines of the two curved segments at respective midpoints is 2θ. The scanning paths of the scanning planes 21113 of the linear grooves passing through an intersection point of the tangent lines of the two curved segments at respective midpoints are the bottom lines 21117 of the linear grooves.

During grinding machining, the tapered rollers 3 to be machined sequentially enter the linear grooves 2111 from an inlet 21118 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk, pass through the linear grooves 2111, and leave the linear grooves 2111 from an outlet 21119 of each corresponding linear groove, as shown in FIG. 26A and FIG. 27A.

The inlet 21118 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk is formed in an outer edge of the first grinding disk 21; and the outlet 21119 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk is formed in an inner edge of the first grinding disk 21. Alternatively, the inlet 21118 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk is formed in the inner edge of the first grinding disk 21; and the outlet 21119 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk is formed in the outer edge of the first grinding disk 21. It is recommended that the inlet 21118 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk is formed in the outer edge of the first grinding disk 21; and the outlet 21119 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk is formed in the inner edge of the first grinding disk 21, as shown in FIG. 26A and FIG. 27A.

It is recommended that all the linear grooves 2111 are uniformly distributed around the axis 213 of the first grinding disk.

As shown in FIG. 20A, the front face 221 of the second grinding disk includes one or more helical grooves 2211 and transition faces 2212 for connecting the adjacent helical grooves; and FIG. 25A, FIG. 25B and FIG. 26A show two helical grooves.

As shown in FIG. 20B, the surfaces of the helical grooves 2211 include working faces 22111 of the helical grooves in contact with the tapered rollers 3 to be machined during grinding machining and non-working faces out of contact with the tapered rollers 3 to be machined.

The working faces 22111 of the helical groove include a first working face 221111 in contact with the rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers to be machined during grinding machining, and a second working face 221112 in contact with a big-end sphere base face 342 (or a big-end edge fillet 341 or a small-end edge fillet 331) of the tapered rollers to be machined. During grinding machining, the rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers to be machined and the big-end sphere base face 342 (or the big-end edge fillet 341 or the small-end edge fillet 331) of the tapered rollers to be machined are respectively tangent to the first working face 221111 and the second working face 221112 under the constraints of the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves.

The first working face 221111 and the second working face 221112 are respectively located on a first scanning plane 221121 and a second scanning plane 221122; and both the first scanning plane 221121 and the second scanning plane 221122 are constant cross-section scanning planes. The tapered rollers to be machined are placed in the helical grooves 2211 as a reference; and a contact relationship between the tapered rollers to be machined and the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves is the same as that during grinding machining. The first scanning plane 221121 and the second scanning plane 221122 have the same scanning paths; and the scanning paths are right circular conical equiangular helices, which pass a midpoint Q of the mapping CD of the rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers to be machined on the own axes 31 and are distributed on a right circular cone face.

It is defined that the scanning paths of the first scanning plane 221121 and the second scanning plane 221122 where the first working face 221111 and the second working face 221112 are located are base lines 22116 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk; the right circular cone face is a base face 224 of the second grinding disk; and an axis of the base face 224 of the second grinding disk is the axis 223 of the second grinding disk.

The right circular conical equiangular helices (the base lines 22116 of the helical grooves) have the characteristics as follows: as shown in FIG. 20C, a tessellation line 2242 on the right circular cone face (the base face 224 of the second grinding disk) rotates about the axis of the right circular cone face (the axis 223 of the second grinding disk); a moving point P moves linearly along the tessellation line 2242; an angle λ is formed between a tangent line 22117 of a trajectory of the moving point P at the moving point P and a tangent line 2243, which is perpendicular to the tessellation line 2242, of the right circular cone face (the base face 224 of the second grinding disk) at the moving point P; and λ≠0. The trajectory of the moving point P is the right circular conical helix (the base line 22116 of each helical groove); and the angle λ is a helix angle of the base line 22116 of each helical groove.

As shown in FIG. 20A, it is defined that a cone apex angle 2β of the base face 224 of the second grinding disk is an angle of an axial section transversal 2241 of the base face of the second grinding disk located at one side of an entity of the second grinding disk 22 in an axial section 225 of the second grinding disk; and the reference numeral β refers to a cone apex half-angle of the base face 224 of the second grinding disk.

Generatrices (i.e., scanning profiles) of the first scanning plane 221121 and the second scanning plane 221122 are both in the axial section 225 of the second grinding disk.

The first scanning plane 221121 and the second scanning plane 221122 are both constant cross-section scanning planes specifically means that a first axial section profile 221131 of the first scanning plane 221121 and a second axial section profile 221132 of the second scanning plane 221122 keep constant in the axial sections 225 of the second grinding disk at different positions of the base lines 22116 of the helical grooves.

The cone apex angle 2β of the base face 224 of the second grinding disk and the cone apex angle 2α of the base face 214 of the first grinding disk satisfy the following relationship:

2α+2β=360°.

As shown in FIG. 21A and FIG. 21B, FIG. 21B is an enlarged view of a part E in FIG. 21A; during grinding machining, under the constraints of the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk, the rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers to be machined are in line contact with (tangent to) the first working face 221111 of the helical grooves; and the big-end sphere base face 342 (or the big-end edge fillet 341 or the small-end edge fillet 331) of the tapered rollers to be machined is in line contact with (tangent to) the second working face 221112 of the helical grooves. The tapered rollers 3 to be machined only have a DOF of motion of rotating about the own axes 31.

During grinding machining, when the tapered rollers 3 to be machined in different linear grooves 2111 of the first grinding disk are distributed in the same helical groove 2211 of the second grinding disk, small ends of the tapered rollers 3 to be machined in different linear grooves 2111 of the first grinding disk point in the same direction. The direction of the small ends depends on the axial section profile of the scanning planes of the helical grooves where the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the tapered roller 3 to be machined are located; or all the small ends point to the outlets 21119 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk, or the inlets 21118 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk. When the tapered rollers 3 to be machined in the same linear groove 2111 of the first grinding disk are distributed in different helical grooves 2211 of the second grinding disk, the small ends of the tapered rollers 3 to be machined in the same linear groove 2111 of the first grinding disk may point in different directions.

As shown in FIG. 22A, when the small ends of the tapered rollers 3 to be machined in one linear groove 2111 of the first grinding disk point to the outlet 21119 of the linear groove, the big-end sphere base face 342 of the tapered rollers is in line contact with the second working face 221112 of the helical grooves; and the reference numeral 3422 refers to a fourth contact line subjected to the line contact.

As shown in FIG. 22B, when the small ends of the tapered rollers 3 to be machined in one linear groove 2111 of the first grinding disk point to the outlet 21119 of the linear groove, and the helix angle A of the base lines 22116 of the helical groove is greater than a certain value or a radius SR of the big-end sphere base face 342 of the tapered rollers is greater than a certain value, the big-end edge fillet 341 of the tapered rollers to be machined is in line contact with the second working face 221112 of the helical grooves; and the reference numeral 3412 refers to a third contact line subjected to the line contact.

As shown in FIG. 22C, when the small ends of the tapered rollers 3 to be machined in one linear groove 2111 of the first grinding disk point to the inlet 21118 of the linear groove, the small-end edge fillet 331 of the tapered rollers to be machined is in line contact with the second working face 221112 of the helical grooves; and the reference numeral 3312 refers to a second contact line subjected to the line contact.

As shown in FIG. 22A, FIG. 22B and FIG. 22C, the reference numeral 322 refers to a first contact line between the rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers to be machined and the first working face 221111 of the helical grooves.

As shown in FIG. 20B, the characteristics of the first axial section profile 221131 (the scanning profile of the first scanning face 221121 in the axial section 225 of the second grinding disk) of the first scanning face 221121 where the first working face 221111 of the helical grooves is located are directly related to the line contact relationship between the rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers to be machined and the first working face 221111 of the helical grooves and the base lines 22116 of the helical grooves.

The characteristics of the second axial section profile 221132 (the scanning profile of the second scanning face 221122 in the axial section 225 of the second grinding disk) of the second scanning face 221122 where the second working face 221112 of the helical grooves is located are directly related to the line contact relationship between the big-end sphere base face 342 (or the big-end edge fillet 341 or the small-end edge fillet 331) of the tapered rollers to be machined and the second working face 221112 of the helical grooves and the base lines 22116 of the helical grooves.

The first axial section profile 221131 of the first scanning face 221121 where the first working face 221111 of the helical grooves is located and the second axial section profile 221132 of the second scanning face 221122 where the second working face 221112 of the helical grooves is located can be respectively determined by utilizing an analytical method or a graphical method with the help of three-dimensional design software according to the line contact relationship between the rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers to be machined and the first working face 221111 of the helical grooves, the line contact relationship between the big-end sphere base face 342 (or the big-end edge fillet 341 or the small-end edge fillet 331) of the tapered rollers to be machined and the second working face 221112 of the helical grooves, and the base lines 22116 of the helical grooves.

A structural relationship between the scanning planes of the helical grooves adapted to the given tapered roller 3 to be machined where the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves are located and the tapered rollers 3 to be machined can be expressed as follows: the positions and postures of the axes 31 of the tapered rollers to be machined relative to the base face 224 of the second grinding disk and the base lines 22116 of the helical grooves are determined according to a constraint relationship of the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk to the given tapered roller 3 to be machined during grinding machining, a structural relationship between the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22, and a relative position relationship during grinding machining; i.e., the axes 31 of the tapered rollers to be machined intersect the axial section transversal 2241 of the base face of the second grinding disk at the midpoint Q of the mapping CD of the rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers to be machined on the own axes 31 in the axial section 225 of the second grinding disk, form an angle γ together with the axial section transversal 2241 of the base face of the second grinding disk, and intersect the base lines 22116 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk at the midpoint Q of the mapping CD of the rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers to be machined on the own axes 31. In combination with the direction of the small ends of the tapered rollers 3 to be machined in the linear grooves 2111 of the first grinding disk, the tapered rollers 3 to be machined are subjected to right circular conical equiangular helical motion relative to the second grinding disk 22 along the base lines 22116 of the helical grooves. When the small ends of the tapered rollers 3 to be machined in the linear grooves 2111 of the first grinding disk point to the outlets 21119 of the linear grooves, materials interfering with the rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers to be machined and the big-end sphere base face 342 (or the big-end edge fillet 341) on the entity at the front face 221 of the second grinding disk are respectively removed; the surfaces respectively formed on the entity at the front face 221 of the second grinding disk and related to the rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers to be machined and the big-end sphere base face 342 (or the big-end edge fillet 341) are the first scanning plane 221121 and the second scanning plane 221122 where the first working face 221111 and the second working face 221112 of the helical grooves are located; and the axial section profile of the scanning planes of the helical grooves where the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves are located is adapted to the tapered rollers 3 to be machined with the small ends pointing to the outlets 21119 of the linear grooves. When the small ends of the tapered rollers 3 to be machined in the linear grooves 2111 of the first grinding disk point to the inlets 21118 of the linear grooves, materials interfering with the rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers to be machined and the small-end edge fillet 331 on the entity at the front face 221 of the second grinding disk are respectively removed; the surfaces respectively formed on the entity at the front face 221 of the second grinding disk and related to the rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers to be machined and the small-end edge fillet 331 are the first scanning plane 221121 and the second scanning plane 221122 where the first working face 221111 and the second working face 221112 of the helical grooves are located; and the axial section profile of the scanning planes of the helical grooves where the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves are located is adapted to the tapered rollers 3 to be machined with the small ends pointing to the inlets 21118 of the linear grooves.

When the inlet 21118 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk is formed in an outer edge of the first grinding disk 21 and the outlet 21119 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk is formed in an inner edge of the first grinding disk 21, the inlet 22118 of each helical groove of the second grinding disk is formed in an outer edge of the second grinding disk 22, and the outlet 22119 of each helical groove of the second grinding disk is formed in an inner edge of the second grinding disk 2. When the inlet 21118 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk is formed in the inner edge of the first grinding disk 21 and the outlet 21119 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk is formed in the outer edge of the first grinding disk 21, the inlet 22118 of each helical groove of the second grinding disk is formed in the inner edge of the second grinding disk 22, and the outlet 22119 of each helical groove of the second grinding disk is formed in the outer edge of the second grinding disk 22, as shown in FIG. 25A and FIG. 25B.

It is recommended that all the helical grooves 2211 are uniformly distributed around the axis 223 of the second grinding disk.

When 2α=6β=180°, the base face 214 of the first grinding disk and the base face 224 of the second grinding disk are both flat; the axis 213 of the first grinding disk is perpendicular to the base face 214 of the first grinding disk; the axis 223 of the second grinding disk is perpendicular to the base face 224 of the second grinding disk; and the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves may be in or out of the axial section 215 of the first grinding disk. When the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves are out of the axial section 215 of the first grinding disk, the central plane 21112 of the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves is parallel to the axis 213 of the first grinding disk; and the axes 31 of the tapered rollers to be machined are out of the axial section 215 of the first grinding disk and the axial section 225 of the second grinding disk during grinding machining.

During grinding machining, the base face 214 of the first grinding disk overlaps with the base face 224 of the second grinding disk; and a gap exists between the transition face 2112 for connecting the adjacent linear grooves on the front face 211 of the first grinding disk and the transition face 2212 for connecting the adjacent helical grooves on the front face 221 of the second grinding disk.

As shown in FIG. 23, one tapered roller 3 to be machined, of which the direction of the small end is adapted to the axial section profile of the scanning planes of the helical grooves of the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves passing through the intersections G, is distributed in each linear groove 2111 of the first grinding disk along the base line 21116 of the linear groove corresponding to each intersection G of the helical grooves 2211 of the second grinding disk and the linear grooves 2111 of the first grinding disk during grinding machining. It is defined that a region, corresponding to each intersection G, enclosed by the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk is a grinding machining region.

Embodiment 4 of the grinding disk kit: a grinding disk kit for finishing rolling surfaces of tapered rollers made of ferromagnetic materials (such as GCr15, G20CrNi2MoA and Cr4Mo4V).

The grinding disk kit includes a pair of coaxial first and second grinding disks (21 and 22), and is different from the grinding disk kit described in the embodiment 3 of the grinding disk kit in that:

as shown in FIG. 28A and FIG. 28B, FIG. 28B is an enlarged view of the part F in FIG. 28A; a base body 220 of the second grinding disk is made of magnetic conductive materials; and an annular magnetic structure 226 is embedded inside the base body 220 of the second grinding disk, to form a magnetic field 227 near the front face 221 of the second grinding disk along the tessellation line 2242 of the base face of the second grinding disk. A group of annular band-shaped (or helical band-shaped) non-magnetic conductive materials 228 are embedded on the front face 221 of the second grinding disk; or, only a group of annular grooves or helical grooves are formed in the front face 221 of the second grinding disk, and the non-magnetic conductive materials 228 are not embedded; or, a group of annular grooves or helical grooves are arranged at one side of an inner cavity of the base body 220 of the second grinding disk opposite to the front face 221 of the second grinding disk, to increase the magnetic resistance of the front face 221 of the second grinding disk along the tessellation line 2242 of the base face of the second grinding disk. The magnetic conductive materials of the base body 220 of the second grinding disk and the embedded annular band-shaped (or helical band-shaped) non-magnetic conductive materials 228 are closely connected on the front face 221 of the second grinding disk and form the front face 221 of the second grinding disk together. On one hand, the thickness t, the embedding depth d and the spacing (or pitch) s of the annular band-shaped (or helical band-shaped) non-magnetic conductive materials 228 must meet the requirements of the front face 221 of the second grinding disk on the structural strength and rigidity. On the other hand, it should be ensured that the magnetic field 227 near the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk preferentially passes through the ferromagnetic cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined in contact with the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk during grinding machining.

The annular magnetic structure 226 inside the base body of the second grinding disk may be an electromagnetic structure or an electrically controlled permanent magnetic structure.

The magnetic conductive materials are soft magnetic materials with relatively high permeability, such as soft iron, low carbon steel and magnetically soft alloy; and the non-magnetic conductive materials 228 are non-ferromagnetic materials such as non-ferrous metals and austenitic stainless steel.

Embodiment 1 of grinding equipment: grinding equipment for finishing rolling surfaces of cylindrical rollers.

The grinding equipment includes a main machine, a part of a roller circulating system outside the grinding disk and the grinding disk kit described in the embodiment 1 of the grinding disk kit, as shown in FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B.

The main machine includes a base 11, a column 12, a beam 13, a sliding table 14, an upper pallet 15, a lower pallet 16, an axial loading device 17 and a spindle device 18.

The base 11, the column 12 and the beam 13 constitute a frame of the main machine.

The first grinding disk 21 of the grinding disk kit is connected with the lower pallet 16; and the second grinding disk 22 of the grinding disk kit is connected with the upper pallet 15.

The sliding table 14 is connected with the beam 13 through the axial loading device 17; and the column 12 can also serve as a guide component to play a role of guiding the sliding table 14 to move linearly along the axis 223 of the second grinding disk. The sliding table 14 moves linearly along the axis 223 of the second grinding disk under the driving of the axial loading device 17 and the constraints of the column 12 and other guide components.

The spindle device 18 is configured to drive the first grinding disk 21 or the second grinding disk 22 to rotate about the own axis.

As shown in FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B, the part of the roller circulating system outside the grinding disk includes roller collecting devices 41, roller conveying systems 43, roller sorting mechanisms 44 and roller feeding mechanisms 45.

The roller collecting device 41 is arranged at the outlet 21119 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk, and configured to collect the cylindrical roller 3 to be machined leaving the grinding machining region from the outlet 21119 of each linear groove.

The roller conveying systems 43 are configured to convey the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined from the roller collecting devices 41 to the roller feeding mechanisms 45.

The roller sorting mechanisms 44 are arranged at front ends of the roller feeding mechanisms 45, and configured to adjust the axes 31 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined to a direction required by the roller feeding mechanisms 45.

During grinding machining, the grinding disk kit can rotate in two modes. In a first mode, the first grinding disk 21 rotates about the own axis, and the second grinding disk 22 does not rotate. In a second mode, the first grinding disk 21 does not rotate, and the second grinding disk 22 rotates about the own axis.

The main machine has three configurations: a first main machine configuration for rotating the grinding disk kit in the first mode, a second main machine configuration for rotating the grinding disk kit in the second mode, and a third main machine configuration suitable for rotating the grinding disk kit in the first mode and the second mode.

Based on different configurations of the main machine, the relative motion of the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22, the structure of the roller feeding mechanisms 45, positions and functions of the roller feeding mechanisms 45 in the grinding equipment, as well as circulating paths and grinding processes of the cylindrical rollers are respectively shown as follows.

In correspondence to the first main machine configuration, as shown in FIG. 8A, the spindle device 18 is mounted on the base 11 and drives the first grinding disk 21 to rotate about the own axis by the connected lower pallet 16; the upper pallet 15 is connected with the sliding table 14; and the second grinding disk 22 and the upper pallet 15 do not rotate.

The first grinding disk 21 rotates about the own axis relative to the second grinding disk 22 during grinding machining. A rotation direction of the first grinding disk 21 needs to be determined according to a helical direction of the helical grooves 2211 of the second grinding disk and positions of the inlets 22118 of the helical grooves and the outlets 22119 of the helical grooves, to ensure that the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined can enter the linear grooves 2111 from the inlets 21118 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and leave the linear grooves 2111 from the outlets 21119 of the corresponding linear grooves. The sliding table 14, together with the connected upper pallet 15 and the second grinding disk 22 connected with the upper pallet, approaches the first grinding disk 21 along the axis 223 of the second grinding disk under the constraints of the column 12 or other guide components, and applies a working pressure to the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined distributed in the linear grooves 2111 of the first grinding disk 21.

As shown in FIG. 10A and FIG. 10B, each helical groove 2211 of the second grinding disk is equipped with one roller feeding mechanism 45; and the roller feeding mechanism 45 is mounted at the inlet 22118 of each helical groove of the second grinding disk, and configured to push one cylindrical roller 3 to be machined into the inlet 21118 of one linear groove when the inlet 21118 of any linear groove of the first grinding disk intersects the inlet 22118 of one helical groove.

A roller feeding channel 451 and a butting helical groove are arranged in each roller feeding mechanism 45. Working faces of the butting helical grooves are extensions of the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk in the roller feeding mechanisms 45, and include a first working face 45211 of the butting helical grooves and a second working face 45212 of the butting helical grooves in contact with the rolling surfaces 32 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined and one end-face edge fillet 332 in a process of feeding the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined. The first working face 45211 of the butting helical grooves and the second working face 45212 of the butting helical grooves are extensions of the first working face 221111 and the second working face 221112 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk, respectively. The roller feeding channels 451 intersect the butting helical grooves. When the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined enter the inlets 21118 of the linear grooves, the axes 31 of the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined and the axes 31 of the cylindrical rollers when the cylindrical rollers enter the linear grooves 2111 at the inlets of the linear grooves keep parallel, or undergo transition from nearly parallel to parallel under the constraints of the roller feeding channels 451.

During grinding machining, the butting helical groove in the roller feeding mechanism 45 at the inlet 22118 of each helical groove of the second grinding disk sequentially intersects the inlet 21118 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk in the rotation process of the first grinding disk 21. At any one of the inlets 22118 of the helical grooves, when the butting helical groove in the roller feeding mechanism 45 at the inlet 22118 of the helical groove intersects any one of the inlets 21118 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk, one cylindrical roller 3 to be machined radially enters the inlet 21118 of the linear groove in such a manner that the rolling surface 32 of the cylindrical roller 3 to be machined approaches the working face 21111 of the linear groove under the action of gravity or pushing of the roller feeding mechanism 45. The cylindrical roller 3 to be machined entering the inlet 21118 of the linear groove rotates with the first grinding disk 21 relative to the second grinding disk 22, and then enters the grinding machining region under the action of pushing of the working face of the butting helical groove in the roller feeding mechanism 45 at the inlet 22118 of the helical groove.

On one hand, the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined are driven by a sliding frictional driving moment of the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk to continuously rotate about the own axes 31. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 9A, FIG. 10A and FIG. 10B, the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined entering the grinding machining regions are linearly fed along the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk under the action of continuous pushing of the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk, pass through the linear grooves 2111, and leave the grinding machining regions from an outlet intersection between the outlet 22119 of each helical groove of the second grinding disk and the outlet 21119 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk, so as to complete once grinding machining. The cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined leaving the grinding machining regions pass through the roller collecting devices 41, the roller conveying systems 43 and the roller sorting mechanisms 44, and sequentially enter the grinding machining regions from an inlet intersection between the inlet 22118 of each helical groove of the second grinding disk and the inlet of 21118 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk again under the action of the roller feeding mechanisms 45 after the original order is disrupted. The entire grinding process is repeated continuously until the surface quality, the shape precision and the dimensional uniformity of the rolling surfaces 32 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined meet the technical requirements; and the finishing process ends.

In correspondence to the second main machine configuration, as shown in FIG. 8B, the spindle device 18 is mounted on the sliding table 14 and drives the second grinding disk 22 to rotate about the own axis by the connected upper pallet 15; the lower pallet 16 is mounted on the base 11; and the first grinding disk 21 and the lower pallet 16 do not rotate.

The second grinding disk 22 rotates about the own axis relative to the first grinding disk 21 during grinding machining. A rotation direction of the second grinding disk 22 needs to be determined according to a helical direction of the helical grooves 2211 of the second grinding disk and positions of the inlets 22118 of the helical grooves and the outlets 22119 of the helical grooves, to ensure that the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined can enter the linear grooves 2111 from the inlets 21118 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and leave the linear grooves 2111 from the outlets 21119 of the corresponding linear grooves. The sliding table 14, together with the spindle device 18 thereon, the upper pallet 15 connected with the spindle device 18 and the second grinding disk 22 connected with the upper pallet 15, approaches the first grinding disk 21 along the axis 223 of the second grinding disk under the constraints of the column 12 or other guide components, and applies a working pressure to the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined distributed in the linear grooves 2111 of the first grinding disk 21.

As shown in FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B, each linear groove 2111 of the first grinding disk is equipped with one roller feeding mechanism 45; and the roller feeding mechanism 45 is mounted at the inlet 21118 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk, and configured to push one cylindrical roller to be machined into the inlet 21118 of one linear groove when the inlet 22118 of any helical groove of the second grinding disk intersects the inlet 21118 of the linear groove.

A roller feeding channel 451 is arranged in each roller feeding mechanism 45. At any one of the inlets 21118 of the linear grooves, a positioning face 4511 of each linear groove is an extension of the working face 21111 of one linear groove in the roller feeding mechanism 45. When the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined enter the inlets 21118 of the linear grooves, the axes 31 of the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined are located in the central plane 21112 of the linear grooves 2111 and overlap with the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves under the positioning support of the positioning faces 4511 of the linear grooves.

During grinding machining, the inlet 22118 of each helical groove of the second grinding disk sequentially intersects the inlet 21118 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk in the rotation process of the second grinding disk 22. At any one of the inlets 21118 of the linear grooves, when the inlet 21118 of the linear groove intersects any one of the inlets 22118 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk, one cylindrical roller 3 to be machined is pushed by roller feeding mechanism 45 to enter the inlet 21118 of the linear groove along the base line 21116 of the linear groove in such a manner that the rolling surface 32 of the cylindrical roller 3 to be machined slides on the working face 21111 of the linear groove. The cylindrical roller 3 to be machined entering the inlet 21118 of the linear groove enters the grinding machining region under the action of pushing of the working face 22111 of the helical groove at the subsequently turned inlet 22118 of the helical groove.

On one hand, the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined are driven by a sliding frictional driving moment of the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk to continuously rotate about the own axes 31. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 9B, FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B, the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined entering the grinding machining regions are linearly fed along the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk under the action of continuous pushing of the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk, pass through the linear grooves 2111, and leave the grinding machining regions from an outlet intersection between the outlet 22119 of each helical groove of the second grinding disk and the outlet 21119 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk, so as to complete once grinding machining. The cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined leaving the grinding machining regions pass through the roller collecting devices 41, the roller conveying systems 43 and the roller sorting mechanisms 44, and sequentially enter the grinding machining regions from an inlet intersection between the inlet 22118 of each helical groove of the second grinding disk and the inlet of 21118 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk again under the action of the roller feeding mechanisms 45 after the original order is disrupted. The entire grinding process is repeated continuously until the surface quality, the shape precision and the dimensional uniformity of the rolling surfaces 32 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined meet the technical requirements; and the finishing process ends.

In correspondence to the third main machine configuration, two spindle devices 18 are provided, wherein one spindle device 18 is mounted on the base 11 and drives the first grinding disk 21 to rotate about the own axis by the connected lower pallet 16; the other spindle device 18 is mounted on the sliding table 14 and drives the second grinding disk 22 to rotate about the own axis by the connected upper pallet 15; the two spindle devices 18 are provided with locking mechanisms; and only one of the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22 is allowed to rotate at a time while the other grinding disk is in a circumferentially locked state.

When the grinding disk kit of the grinding equipment rotates in the first mode for grinding machining, the relative motion of the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22 is the same as that in the first main machine configuration; the structure as well as the positions and functions of the roller feeding mechanisms 45 in the equipment are the same as those in the first main machine configuration; and the circulating paths and grinding processes of the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined are the same as those in the first main machine configuration. When the grinding disk kit of the grinding equipment rotates in the second mode for grinding machining, the relative motion of the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22 is the same as that in the second main machine configuration; the structure as well as the positions and functions of the roller feeding mechanisms 45 in the equipment are the same as those in the second main machine configuration; and the circulating paths and grinding processes of the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined are the same as those in the second main machine configuration.

As shown in FIG. 10A and FIG. 11A, during grinding machining, one cylindrical roller 3 to be machined enters the grinding machining region from the inlet 21118 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk, leaves the grinding machining region from the outlet 21119 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk, sequentially passes through the roller collecting device 41, the roller conveying system 43, the roller sorting mechanism 44 and the roller feeding mechanism 45 from the outlet 21119 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk, and then enters the inlet 21118 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk, to form a circulation of the linear feeding of the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined between the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22 along the base line 21116 of each linear groove and the collecting, conveying, sorting and feeding of the part of the roller circulating system outside the grinding disk. A path for the circulation outside the grinding disk kit is that the cylindrical roller to be machined sequentially passes through the roller collecting device 41, the roller conveying system 43, the roller sorting mechanism 44 and the roller feeding mechanism 45 from the outlet 21119 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk, and then enters the inlet 21118 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk; and the path is defined as a part of a roller circulating path outside the grinding disk.

When a free abrasive grain grinding mode is adopted, materials of the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk can be selected separately, so that the sliding frictional driving moment generated by a friction pair composed of the materials of the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk and the materials of the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined when the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined rotate about the own axes 31 is greater than a sliding frictional resistance moment generated by a friction pair composed of the materials of the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the materials of the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined when the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined rotate about the own axes 31, thereby driving the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined to continuously rotate about the own axes 31.

When the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk are made of polytetrafluoroethylene and the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk are made of polymethylmethacrylate, the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined made of GCr15, G20CrNi2MoA and Cr4Mo4V can continuously rotate about the own axes 31.

Embodiment 2 of grinding equipment: grinding equipment for finishing rolling surfaces of cylindrical rollers made of ferromagnetic materials (such as GCr15, G20CrNi2MoA and Cr4Mo4V).

The grinding equipment includes a main machine, a grinding disk kit and a part of a roller circulating system outside the grinding disk, and is different from the grinding equipment in the embodiment 1 of the grinding equipment in that the grinding disk kit is the grinding disk kit described in the embodiment 2 of the grinding disk kit, and the part of the roller circulating system outside the grinding disk further includes a roller demagnetizing device 42.

As shown in FIG. 14A and FIG. 14B, the part of the roller circulating system outside the grinding disk includes roller collecting devices 41, roller demagnetizing devices 42, roller conveying systems 43, roller sorting mechanisms 44 and roller feeding mechanisms 45.

As shown in FIG. 14A, FIG. 14B, FIG. 15 and FIG. 16, the roller demagnetizing devices 42 are arranged in the roller conveying systems 43 in a part of a roller circulating path outside the grinding disk or in front of the roller conveying systems 43 and configured to demagnetize the ferromagnetic cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined, wherein the ferromagnetic cylindrical rollers to be machined are magnetized by a magnetic field of an annular magnetic structure 226 inside the base body of the second grinding disk, so as to avoid the agglomeration of the ferromagnetic cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined when passing through the roller conveying systems 43 or the roller sorting mechanisms 44.

As shown in FIG. 12A, FIG. 12B, FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B, the magnetic field strength of the annular magnetic structure 226 is adjusted during grinding machining, so that a sufficiently strong magnetic field 227 is formed near the front face 221 of the second grinding disk, and the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk generate a magnetic attraction force strong enough to the ferromagnetic cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined; and thus, the sliding frictional driving moment generated by the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk when the ferromagnetic cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined rotate about the own axes 31 is greater than the sliding frictional resistance moment generated by the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk when the ferromagnetic cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined rotate about the own axes 31, thereby driving the ferromagnetic cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined to continuously rotate about the own axes 31.

When the annular magnetic structure 226 inside the base body of the second grinding disk is in a non-working state, the magnetic field 227 near the front face 221 of the second grinding disk disappears or is weakened; and the magnetic attraction force generated by the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk to the ferromagnetic cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined disappears or is weakened.

The main machine has three configurations. In correspondence to the second main machine configuration, as shown in FIG. 13B, the spindle device 18 is mounted on the sliding table 14 and drives the second grinding disk 22 to rotate about the own axis by the connected upper pallet 15; the lower pallet 16 is mounted on the base 11; and the first grinding disk 21 and the lower pallet 16 do not rotate. A conductive slip ring is mounted on a spindle of the spindle device 18 for driving the second grinding disk 22 to rotate, and configured to supply power to the annular magnetic structure 226 inside the base body of the second grinding disk in a rotating state.

A free abrasive grain grinding mode or a fixed abrasive grain grinding mode can be adopted in the present embodiment.

When the fixed abrasive grain grinding mode is adopted, the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk are made of fixed abrasive grain materials.

When the ferromagnetic cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined are ground by the fixed abrasive grain grinding mode, the magnetic field strength of the annular magnetic structure 226 is adjusted, so that a sufficiently strong magnetic attraction force is generated to the ferromagnetic cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined by the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk; and the sliding frictional driving moment generated by the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk when the ferromagnetic cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined rotate about the own axes 31 is greater than the sliding frictional resistance moment generated by the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk when the ferromagnetic cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined rotate about the own axes 31, thereby driving the ferromagnetic cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined to continuously rotate about the own axes 31.

When the ferromagnetic cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined are ground by the free abrasive grain grinding mode, the magnetic field strength of the annular magnetic structure 226 is adjusted to increase the sliding frictional driving moment generated by the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk when the ferromagnetic cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined rotate about the own axes 31. At this moment, the ferromagnetic cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined can continuously rotate about the own axes 31 without being affected by the matching of materials of the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk.

Embodiment 3 of grinding equipment: grinding equipment for finishing rolling surfaces of tapered rollers.

The grinding equipment includes a main machine, a part of a roller circulating system outside the grinding disk and the grinding disk kit described in the embodiment 3 of the grinding disk kit, as shown in FIG. 24A and FIG. 24B.

The main machine includes a base 11, a column 12, a beam 13, a sliding table 14, an upper pallet 15, a lower pallet 16, an axial loading device 17 and a spindle device 18.

The base 11, the column 12 and the beam 13 constitute a frame of the main machine.

The first grinding disk 21 of the grinding disk kit is connected with the lower pallet 16; and the second grinding disk 22 of the grinding disk kit is connected with the upper pallet 15.

The sliding table 14 is connected with the beam 13 through the axial loading device 17; and the column 12 can also serve as a guide component to play a role of guiding the sliding table 14 to move linearly along the axis 223 of the second grinding disk. The sliding table 14 moves linearly along the axis 223 of the second grinding disk under the driving of the axial loading device 17 and the constraints of the column 12 and other guide components.

The spindle device 18 is configured to drive the first grinding disk 21 or the second grinding disk 22 to rotate about the own axis.

As shown in FIGS. 25A and 25B, the part of the roller circulating system outside the grinding disk includes roller collecting devices 41, roller conveying systems 43, roller sorting mechanisms 44 and roller feeding mechanisms 45.

The roller collecting device 41 is arranged at the outlet 21119 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk, and configured to collect the tapered roller 3 to be machined leaving the grinding machining region from the outlet 21119 of each linear groove.

The roller conveying systems 43 are configured to convey the tapered rollers 3 to be machined from the roller collecting devices 41 to the roller feeding mechanisms 45.

The roller sorting mechanisms 44 are arranged at front ends of the roller feeding mechanisms 45, and configured to adjust the axes 31 of the tapered rollers to be machined to a direction required by the roller feeding mechanisms 45 and adjust the direction of small ends of the tapered rollers 3 to be machined to a direction adapted to an axial section profile of the scanning planes 22112 of helical grooves, wherein the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk are located at the scanning planes of the helical grooves.

During grinding machining, the grinding disk kit can rotate in two modes. In a first mode, the first grinding disk 21 rotates about the own axis, and the second grinding disk 22 does not rotate. In a second mode, the first grinding disk 21 does not rotate, and the second grinding disk 22 rotates about the own axis.

The main machine has three configurations: a first main machine configuration for rotating the grinding disk kit in the first mode, a second main machine configuration for rotating the grinding disk kit in the second mode, and a third main machine configuration suitable for rotating the grinding disk kit in the first mode and the second mode.

Based on different configurations of the main machine, the relative motion of the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22, the structure of the roller feeding mechanisms 45, positions and functions of the roller feeding mechanisms 45 in the grinding equipment, as well as circulating paths and grinding processes of the tapered rollers are respectively shown as follows.

In correspondence to the first main machine configuration, as shown in FIG. 24A, the spindle device 18 is mounted on the base 11 and drives the first grinding disk 21 to rotate about the own axis by the connected lower pallet 16; the upper pallet 15 is connected with the sliding table 14; and the second grinding disk 22 and the upper pallet 15 do not rotate.

The first grinding disk 21 rotates about the own axis relative to the second grinding disk 22 during grinding machining. A rotation direction of the first grinding disk 21 needs to be determined according to a helical direction of the helical grooves 2211 of the second grinding disk and positions of the inlets 22118 of the helical grooves and the outlets 22119 of the helical grooves, to ensure that the tapered rollers 3 to be machined can enter the linear grooves 2111 from the inlets 21118 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and leave the linear grooves 2111 from the outlets 21119 of the corresponding linear grooves. The sliding table 14, together with the connected upper pallet 15 and the second grinding disk 22 connected with the upper pallet, approaches the first grinding disk 21 along the axis 223 of the second grinding disk under the constraints of the column 12 or other guide components, and applies a working pressure to the tapered rollers 3 to be machined distributed in the linear grooves 2111 of the first grinding disk 21.

As shown in FIG. 26A and FIG. 26B, each helical groove 2211 of the second grinding disk is equipped with one roller feeding mechanism 45; and the roller feeding mechanism 45 is mounted at the inlet 22118 of each helical groove of the second grinding disk, and configured to push one tapered roller 3 to be machined into the inlet 21118 of one linear groove when the inlet 21118 of any linear groove of the first grinding disk intersects the inlet 22118 of one helical groove.

A roller feeding channel 451 and a butting helical groove are arranged in each roller feeding mechanism 45. Working faces of the butting helical grooves are extensions of the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk in the roller feeding mechanisms 45, and include a first working face 45211 of the butting helical grooves and a second working face 45212 of the butting helical grooves in contact with the rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers to be machined and the big-end sphere base face 342 (or the big-end edge fillet 341 or the small-end edge fillet 331) in a process of feeding the tapered rollers 3 to be machined. The first working face 45211 of the butting helical grooves and the second working face 45212 of the butting helical grooves are extensions of the first working face 221111 and the second working face 221112 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk, respectively. The roller feeding channels 451 intersect the butting helical grooves. When the tapered rollers 3 to be machined enter the inlets 21118 of the linear grooves, the axes 31 of the tapered rollers 3 to be machined and the axes 31 of the tapered rollers when the tapered rollers enter the linear grooves 2111 at the inlets of the linear grooves keep parallel, or undergo transition from nearly parallel to parallel under the constraints of the roller feeding channels 451.

During grinding machining, the butting helical groove in the roller feeding mechanism 45 at the inlet 22118 of each helical groove of the second grinding disk sequentially intersects the inlet 21118 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk in the rotation process of the first grinding disk 21. At any one of the inlets 22118 of the helical grooves, when the butting helical groove in the roller feeding mechanism 45 at the inlet 22118 of the helical groove intersects any one of the inlets 21118 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk, one tapered roller 3 to be machined radially enters the inlet 21118 of the linear groove in such a manner that the rolling surface 32 of the tapered roller 3 to be machined approaches the working face 21111 of the linear groove under the action of gravity or pushing of the roller feeding mechanism 45, wherein the direction of the small end of the tapered roller 3 to be machined is adapted to the axial section profile of the scanning plane of the helical groove where the working face 22111 of the helical groove is located. The tapered roller 3 to be machined entering the inlet 21118 of the linear groove rotates with the first grinding disk 21 relative to the second grinding disk 22, and then enters the grinding machining region under the action of pushing of the working face of the butting helical groove in the roller feeding mechanism 45 at the inlet 22118 of the helical groove of the second grinding disk.

On one hand, the tapered rollers 3 to be machined are driven by the sliding frictional driving moment of the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk to continuously rotate about the own axes 31. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 25A, FIG. 26A and FIG. 26B, the tapered rollers 3 to be machined entering the grinding machining regions are linearly fed along the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk under the action of continuous pushing of the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk, pass through the linear grooves 2111, and leave the grinding machining regions from an outlet intersection between the outlet 22119 of each helical groove of the second grinding disk and the outlet 21119 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk, so as to complete once grinding machining. The tapered rollers 3 to be machined leaving the grinding machining regions pass through the roller collecting devices 41, the roller conveying systems 43 and the roller sorting mechanisms 44, and sequentially enter the grinding machining regions from an inlet intersection between the inlet 22118 of each helical groove of the second grinding disk and the inlet of 21118 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk again under the action of the roller feeding mechanisms 45 after the original order is disrupted. The entire grinding process is repeated continuously until the surface quality, the shape precision and the dimensional uniformity of the rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers to be machined meet the technical requirements; and the finishing process ends.

In correspondence to the second main machine configuration, as shown in FIG. 24B, the spindle device 18 is mounted on the sliding table 14 and drives the second grinding disk 22 to rotate about the own axis by the connected upper pallet 15; the lower pallet 16 is mounted on the base 11; and the first grinding disk 21 and the lower pallet 16 do not rotate.

The second grinding disk 22 rotates about the own axis relative to the first grinding disk 21 during grinding machining. A rotation direction of the second grinding disk 22 needs to be determined according to a helical direction of the helical grooves 2211 of the second grinding disk and positions of the inlets 22118 of the helical grooves and the outlets 22119 of the helical grooves, to ensure that the tapered rollers 3 to be machined can enter the linear grooves 2111 from the inlets 21118 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and leave the linear grooves 2111 from the outlets 21119 of the corresponding linear grooves. The sliding table 14, together with the spindle device 18 thereon, the upper pallet 15 connected with the spindle device 18 and the second grinding disk 22 connected with the upper pallet 15, approaches the first grinding disk 21 along the axis 223 of the second grinding disk under the constraints of the column 12 or other guide components, and applies a working pressure to the tapered rollers 3 to be machined distributed in the linear grooves 2111 of the first grinding disk 21.

As shown in FIG. 27A and FIG. 27B, each linear groove 2111 of the first grinding disk is equipped with one roller feeding mechanism 45; and the roller feeding mechanism 45 is mounted at the inlet 21118 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk, and configured to push one tapered roller to be machined into the inlet 21118 of one linear groove when the inlet 22118 of any helical groove of the second grinding disk intersects the inlet 21118 of the linear groove.

A roller feeding channel 451 is arranged in each roller feeding mechanism 45. At any one of the inlets 21118 of the linear grooves, a positioning face 4511 of each linear groove is an extension of the working face 21111 of one linear groove in the roller feeding mechanism 45. When the tapered rollers 3 to be machined enter the inlets 21118 of the linear grooves, the axes 31 of the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined are located in the central plane 21112 of the linear grooves 2111 and overlap with the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves under the positioning support of the positioning faces 4511 of the linear grooves.

During grinding machining, the inlet 22118 of each helical groove of the second grinding disk sequentially intersects the inlet 21118 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk in the rotation process of the second grinding disk 22. At any one of the inlets 21118 of the linear grooves, when the inlet 21118 of the linear groove intersects any one of the inlets 22118 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk, one tapered roller 3 to be machined is pushed by roller feeding mechanism 45 to enter the inlet 21118 of the linear groove along the base line 21116 of the linear groove in such a manner that the rolling surface 32 of the tapered roller 3 to be machined slides on the working face 21111 of the linear groove, wherein the direction of the small end of the tapered roller 3 to be machined is adapted to the axial section profile of the scanning plane of the helical groove where the working face 22111 of the linear groove intersecting the inlet 21118 of the linear groove at an inlet intersection is located. The tapered roller 3 to be machined entering the inlet 21118 of the linear groove enters the grinding machining region under the action of pushing of the working face 22111 of the helical groove at the subsequently turned inlet 22118 of the helical groove.

On one hand, the tapered rollers 3 to be machined are driven by the sliding frictional driving moment of the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk to continuously rotate about the own axes 31. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 25B, FIG. 27A and FIG. 27B, the tapered rollers 3 to be machined entering the grinding machining regions are linearly fed along the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk under the action of continuous pushing of the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk, pass through the linear grooves 2111, and leave the grinding machining regions from an outlet intersection between the outlet 22119 of each helical groove of the second grinding disk and the outlet 21119 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk, so as to complete once grinding machining. The tapered rollers 3 to be machined leaving the grinding machining regions pass through the roller collecting devices 41, the roller conveying systems 43 and the roller sorting mechanisms 44, and sequentially enter the grinding machining regions from the inlet intersection between the inlet 22118 of each helical groove of the second grinding disk and the inlet of 21118 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk again under the action of the roller feeding mechanisms 45 after the original order is disrupted. The entire grinding process is repeated continuously until the surface quality, the shape precision and the dimensional uniformity of the rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers to be machined meet the technical requirements; and the finishing process ends.

In correspondence to the third main machine configuration, two spindle devices 18 are provided, wherein one spindle device 18 is mounted on the base 11 and drives the first grinding disk 21 to rotate about the own axis by the connected lower pallet 16; the other spindle device 18 is mounted on the sliding table 14 and drives the second grinding disk 22 to rotate about the own axis by the connected upper pallet 15; the two spindle devices 18 are provided with locking mechanisms; and only one of the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22 is allowed to rotate at a time while the other grinding disk is in a circumferentially locked state.

When the grinding disk kit of the grinding equipment rotates in the first mode for grinding machining, the relative motion of the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22 is the same as that in the first main machine configuration; the structure as well as the positions and functions of the roller feeding mechanisms 45 in the equipment are the same as those in the first main machine configuration; and the circulating paths and grinding processes of the tapered rollers 3 to be machined are the same as those in the first main machine configuration. When the grinding disk kit of the grinding equipment rotates in the second mode for grinding machining, the relative motion of the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22 is the same as that in the second main machine configuration; the structure as well as the positions and functions of the roller feeding mechanisms 45 in the equipment are the same as those in the second main machine configuration; and the circulating paths and grinding processes of the tapered rollers 3 to be machined are the same as those in the second main machine configuration.

As shown in FIG. 26A and FIG. 27A, during grinding machining, one tapered roller 3 to be machined enters the grinding machining region from the inlet 21118 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk, leaves the grinding machining region from the outlet 21119 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk, sequentially passes through the roller collecting device 41, the roller conveying system 43, the roller sorting mechanism 44 and the roller feeding mechanism 45 from the outlet 21119 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk, and then enters the inlet 21118 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk, to form a circulation of the linear feeding of the tapered rollers 3 to be machined between the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22 along the base line 21116 of each linear groove and the collecting, conveying, sorting and feeding of the part of the roller circulating system outside the grinding disk. A path for the circulation outside the grinding disk kit is that the tapered roller to be machined sequentially passes through the roller collecting device 41, the roller conveying system 43, the roller sorting mechanism 44 and the roller feeding mechanism 45 from the outlet 21119 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk, and then enters the inlet 21118 of each linear groove of the first grinding disk; and the path is defined as a part of a roller circulating path outside the grinding disk.

When the free abrasive grain grinding mode is adopted, materials of the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk can be selected separately, so that the sliding frictional driving moment generated by a friction pair composed of the materials of the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk and the materials of the tapered rollers 3 to be machined when the tapered rollers 3 to be machined rotate about the own axes 31 is greater than a sliding frictional resistance moment generated by a friction pair composed of the materials of the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the materials of the tapered rollers 3 to be machined when the tapered rollers 3 to be machined rotate about the own axes 31, thereby driving the tapered rollers 3 to be machined to continuously rotate about the own axes 31.

When the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk are made of polytetrafluoroethylene and the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk are made of polymethylmethacrylate, the tapered rollers 3 to be machined made of GCr15, G20CrNi2MoA and Cr4Mo4V can continuously rotate about the own axes 31.

Embodiment 4 of grinding equipment: grinding equipment for finishing rolling surfaces of tapered rollers made of ferromagnetic materials (such as GCr15, G20CrNi2MoA and Cr4Mo4V).

The grinding equipment includes a main machine, a grinding disk kit and a part of a roller circulating system outside the grinding disk, and is different from the grinding equipment in the embodiment 3 of the grinding equipment in that the grinding disk kit is the grinding disk kit described in the embodiment 4 of the grinding disk kit, and the part of the roller circulating system outside the grinding disk further includes a roller demagnetizing device 42.

As shown in FIG. 30A and FIG. 30B, the part of the roller circulating system outside the grinding disk includes roller collecting devices 41, roller demagnetizing devices 42, roller conveying systems 43, roller sorting mechanisms 44 and roller feeding mechanisms 45.

As shown in FIG. 30A, FIG. 30B, FIG. 31 and FIG. 32, the roller demagnetizing devices 42 are arranged in the roller conveying systems 43 in a part of a roller circulating path outside the grinding disk or in front of the roller conveying systems 43 and configured to demagnetize the ferromagnetic tapered rollers 3 to be machined, wherein the ferromagnetic tapered rollers to be machined are magnetized by a magnetic field of an annular magnetic structure 226 inside the base body of the second grinding disk, so as to avoid the agglomeration of the ferromagnetic tapered rollers 3 to be machined when passing through the roller conveying systems 43 or the roller sorting mechanisms 44.

As shown in FIG. 28A, FIG. 28B, FIG. 29A and FIG. 29B, the magnetic field strength of the annular magnetic structure 226 is adjusted during grinding machining, so that a sufficiently strong magnetic field 227 is formed near the front face 221 of the second grinding disk, and the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk generate a magnetic attraction force strong enough to the ferromagnetic tapered rollers 3 to be machined; and thus, the sliding frictional driving moment generated by the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk when the ferromagnetic tapered rollers 3 to be machined rotate about the own axes 31 is greater than the sliding frictional resistance moment generated by the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk when the ferromagnetic tapered rollers 3 to be machined rotate about the own axes 31, thereby driving the ferromagnetic tapered rollers 3 to be machined to continuously rotate about the own axes 31.

When the annular magnetic structure 226 inside the base body of the second grinding disk is in a non-working state, the magnetic field 227 near the front face 221 of the second grinding disk disappears or is weakened; and the magnetic attraction force generated by the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk to the ferromagnetic tapered rollers 3 to be machined disappears or is weakened.

The main machine has three configurations. In correspondence to the second main machine configuration, as shown in FIG. 29B, the spindle device 18 is mounted on the sliding table 14 and drives the second grinding disk 22 to rotate about the own axis by the connected upper pallet 15; the lower pallet 16 is mounted on the base 11; and the first grinding disk 21 and the lower pallet 16 do not rotate. A conductive slip ring is mounted on a spindle of the spindle device 18 for driving the second grinding disk 22 to rotate, and configured to supply power to the annular magnetic structure 226 inside the base body of the second grinding disk in a rotating state.

A free abrasive grain grinding mode or a fixed abrasive grain grinding mode can be adopted in the present embodiment.

When the fixed abrasive grain grinding mode is adopted, the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk are made of fixed abrasive grain materials.

When the ferromagnetic tapered rollers 3 to be machined are ground by the fixed abrasive grain grinding mode, the magnetic field strength of the annular magnetic structure 226 is adjusted, so that a sufficiently strong magnetic attraction force is generated to the ferromagnetic tapered rollers 3 to be machined by the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk; and the sliding frictional driving moment generated by the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk when the ferromagnetic tapered rollers 3 to be machined rotate about the own axes 31 is greater than the sliding frictional resistance moment generated by the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk when the ferromagnetic tapered rollers 3 to be machined rotate about the own axes 31, thereby driving the ferromagnetic tapered rollers 3 to be machined to continuously rotate about the own axes 31.

When the ferromagnetic tapered rollers 3 to be machined are ground by the free abrasive grain grinding mode, the magnetic field strength of the annular magnetic structure 226 is adjusted to increase the sliding frictional driving moment generated by the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk when the ferromagnetic tapered rollers 3 to be machined rotate about the own axes 31. At this moment, the ferromagnetic tapered rollers 3 to be machined can continuously rotate about the own axes 31 without being affected by the matching of materials of the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk.

Embodiment 1 of a grinding method: a grinding method for finishing rolling surfaces of cylindrical rollers.

The grinding equipment described in the embodiment 1 of the grinding equipment is adopted in the grinding method. The grinding method of the present embodiment will be described in detail below in combination with FIG. 1 to FIG. 11B. The grinding method includes the following steps:

Step 1, the second grinding disk 22 approaches the first grinding disk 21 along the own axis until the transition face 2112 for connecting the adjacent linear grooves on the front face 211 of the first grinding disk is as close as possible to the transition face 2212 for connecting the adjacent helical grooves on the front face 221 of the second grinding disk, but the rolling surfaces 32 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined in the grinding machining regions have not been in face contact with working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and in line contact with the first working face 221111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk at the same time, i.e., a space of each grinding machining region enclosed by the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk can just accommodate one cylindrical roller 3 to be machined.

Step 2, in correspondence to the first rotation mode of the grinding disk kit, the first grinding disk 21 is driven to rotate about the own axis relative to the second grinding disk 22 at a low speed; and in correspondence to the second rotation mode of the grinding disk kit, the second grinding disk 22 is driven to rotate about the own axis relative to the first grinding disk 21 at a low speed. The rotation speed is 1-10 rpm based on the outer diameters of the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22; and rotation directions of the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22 need to be determined according to a helical direction of the helical grooves 2211 of the second grinding disk and positions of the inlets 22118 of the helical grooves and the outlets 22119 of the helical grooves, to ensure that the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined can enter the linear grooves 2111 from the inlets 21118 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and leave the linear grooves 2111 from the outlets 21119 of the corresponding linear grooves.

Step 3, the roller conveying systems 43, the roller sorting mechanisms 44 and the roller feeding mechanisms 45 are started. The feeding speed of the roller feeding mechanisms 45 is adjusted to be matched with a relative rotation speed of the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22, to ensure that when the inlets 22118 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk intersect the inlets 21118 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk, one cylindrical roller 3 to be machined will enter each inlet intersection of the inlets 22118 of the helical grooves and the inlets 21118 of the linear grooves under the action of the roller feeding mechanisms 45. The conveying speed of the roller conveying systems 43 and the sorting speed of the roller sorting mechanisms 44 are adjusted to be matched with the feeding speed of the roller feeding mechanisms 45, so that the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined timely enter each inlet intersection under the action of the roller feeding mechanisms 45 after passing through the roller conveying systems 43 and the roller sorting mechanisms 44. The cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined entering the inlet intersections subsequently are pushed by the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves at the inlets 22118 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk to enter the grinding machining regions due to the relative rotation of the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22. The cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined entering the grinding machining regions are continuously pushed by the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk to be feed linearly along the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk, pass through the linear grooves 2111, and leave the grinding machining regions from the outlet intersections of the outlets 22119 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk and the outlets 21119 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk. The cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined leaving the grinding machining regions pass through the roller collecting devices 41, the roller conveying systems 43 and the roller sorting mechanisms 44, and sequentially enter the inlet intersections again under the action of the roller feeding mechanisms 45 after the original order is disrupted, thereby establishing a circulation of the linear feeding of the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined along the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves between the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22 as well as the collecting, conveying, sorting and feeding through the part of the roller circulating system outside the grinding disk.

Step 4, the relative rotation speed of the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22 is adjusted to a relative working rotation speed, wherein the relative working rotation speed is 5-60 rpm based on the outer diameters of the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22. The feeding speed of the roller feeding mechanisms 45 is adjusted to a working feeding speed so that it is matched with the relative working rotation speed of the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22. The conveying speed of the roller conveying systems 43 and the sorting speed of the roller sorting mechanisms 44 are adjusted so that the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined at each of the roller collecting devices 41, the roller conveying systems 43, the roller sorting mechanisms 44 and the roller feeding mechanisms 45 in the part of the roller circulating system outside the grinding disk are matched in stock and smooth and orderly in circulation.

Step 5, the grinding machining regions are filled with grinding fluid.

Step 6, the second grinding disk 22 further approaches the first grinding disk 21 along the own axis, so that the rolling surfaces 32 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined in the grinding machining regions are in face contact with the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and in line contact with the first working faces 221111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk, respectively. An initial working pressure is applied to each cylindrical roller 3 to be machined in the grinding machining region, wherein the average initial working pressure is 0.5-2 N based on the diameter of the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined. The sliding frictional driving moment generated by the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk when the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined rotate about the own axes 31 is greater than the sliding frictional resistance moment generated by the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk when the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined rotate about the own axes 31, thereby driving the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined to continuously rotate about the own axes 31. Meanwhile, the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined is continuously pushed by the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk to be fed linearly along the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk. The rolling surfaces 32 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined start to be ground by the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the first working faces 221111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk.

Step 7, with the stable operation of grinding machining process, the working pressure of each of the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined distributed in the grinding machining regions is gradually increased to a normal working pressure, wherein the average normal working pressure is 2-50 N according to the diameters of the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined. The cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined continuously maintain the contact with the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk in the step 6, continuously rotate about the own axes 31 and are linearly fed along the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves. The rolling surfaces 32 of the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined continue to be ground by the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the first working faces 221111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk.

Step 8, after a period of grinding machining, the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined are sampled; if the surface quality, the shape precision and the dimensional uniformity of the rolling surfaces 32 of the sampled cylindrical rollers to be machined have not yet met the technical requirements, the grinding machining process in this step is continued; and if the surface quality, the shape precision and the dimensional uniformity of the rolling surface 32 of the sampled cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined meet the technical requirements, step 9 is carried out.

Step 9, the working pressure is gradually reduced to zero eventually. The operation of the roller feeding mechanisms 45, the roller conveying systems 43 and the roller finishing mechanisms 44 is stopped. The relative rotation speed of the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22 is adjusted to zero. The filling of the grinding machining regions with the grinding fluid is stopped. The second grinding disk 22 is driven to return to a non-working position along the own axis. The cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined everywhere in the circulation are collected; and the grinding machining process ends at this point.

It is understandable that the above steps and sequence can not only be combined as described in the embodiments, but also be used in other combinations, which does not exceed the scope of the present invention.

The working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk, which are designed and machined on account of parameters of the specific cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined, inevitably have manufacturing errors; and the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22 may also have mounting errors when being mounted on the grinding equipment. The manufacturing errors and mounting errors may cause a difference between an ideal contact state and the contact state of the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined with the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk.

To reduce the difference, it is recommended to use the cylindrical rollers 3 with the same geometrical parameters for the grinding-in of the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk before the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22 are used for the first time. The grinding-in method is the same as the grinding method of the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined. For step 8, the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined involved in the grinding-in are sampled; when the surface quality, the shape precision and the dimensional uniformity of the rolling surfaces 32 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined meet the technical requirements, step 9 of the grinding-in process is started; otherwise, step 8 is continued.

The grinding method of the present embodiment is not limited to the finishing of the rolling surfaces of the cylindrical rollers, but can also be used for the finishing of outer diameter surfaces of cylindrical parts with characteristics of straight tessellation lines of cylindrical rollers such as roller pins, which does not exceed the scope of the present invention.

Embodiment 2 of the grinding method: a grinding method for finishing rolling surfaces of cylindrical rollers made of ferromagnetic materials (such as GCr15, G20CrNi2MoA and Cr4Mo4V).

The grinding equipment described in the embodiment 2 of the grinding equipment is adopted in the grinding method. The annular magnetic structure 226 is arranged inside the second grinding disk 22 of the grinding disk kit in the grinding equipment. The part of the roller circulating system outside the grinding disk in the grinding equipment further includes roller demagnetizing devices 42. The roller demagnetizing devices 42 are arranged in the roller conveying systems 43 in the part of the roller circulating path outside the grinding disk, particularly in the roller conveying systems 43 or in front of the roller conveying systems 43, for demagnetizing the ferromagnetic cylindrical rollers to be machined magnetized by the magnetic field in the annular magnetic structure 226 so as to avoid agglomeration of the ferromagnetic cylindrical rollers to be machined when passing through the roller conveying systems 43 or the roller sorting mechanisms 44. The grinding method is different from the grinding method of the embodiment 1 in the following grinding processes:

In step 3, the roller demagnetizing devices 42 are started simultaneously.

In step 6, the annular magnetic structure 226 inside the base body of the second grinding disk enters into a working state. The second grinding disk 22 further approaches the first grinding disk 21 along the own axis, so that the rolling surfaces 32 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined in the grinding machining regions are in face contact with the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and in line contact with the first working faces 221111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk, respectively. An initial working pressure is applied to each of the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined distributed in the grinding machining regions, wherein the average initial working pressure is 0.5-2 N according to the diameters of the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined. A magnetic field strength of the annular magnetic structure 226 is adjusted, so that a sliding frictional driving moment generated by the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk when the ferromagnetic cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined rotate about the own axes 31 is greater than a sliding frictional resistance moment generated by the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk when the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined rotate about the own axes 31, thereby driving the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined to continuously rotate about the own axes 31. Meanwhile, the cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined are continuously pushed by the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk to be fed linearly along the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk. The rolling surfaces 32 of the cylindrical rollers to be machined start to be ground by the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the first working faces 221111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk.

In step 9, the working pressure is gradually reduced to zero eventually. The operation of the roller feeding mechanisms 45, the roller conveying systems 43 and the roller finishing mechanisms 44 is stopped; and the relative rotation speed of the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22 is adjusted to zero. The annular magnetic structure 226 is switched to a non-working state for stopping the operation of the roller demagnetizing devices 42. The filling of the grinding machining regions with the grinding fluid is stopped. The second grinding disk 22 is driven to return to the non-working position along the own axis. The cylindrical rollers 3 to be machined everywhere in the circulation are collected; and the grinding machining process ends at this point.

The grinding method of the present embodiment is not limited to the finishing of the rolling surfaces of the ferromagnetic cylindrical rollers, but can also be used for the finishing of outer diameter surfaces of ferromagnetic cylindrical parts with characteristics of straight tessellation lines of cylindrical rollers such as roller pins, which does not exceed the scope of the present invention.

Embodiment 3 of the grinding method: a grinding method for finishing rolling surfaces of cylindrical rollers.

The grinding equipment described in the embodiment 3 of the grinding equipment is adopted in the grinding method. The grinding method of the present embodiment will be described in detail below in combination with FIG. 17 to FIG. 27B. The grinding method includes the following steps:

Step 1, the second grinding disk 22 approaches the first grinding disk 21 along the own axis until the transition face 2112 for connecting the adjacent linear grooves on the front face 211 of the first grinding disk is as close as possible to the transition face 2212 for connecting the adjacent helical grooves on the front face 221 of the second grinding disk, but the tapered rollers 3 to be machined in the grinding machining regions have not been in line contact with two symmetrical side faces of the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk as well as the first working face 221111 and the second working face 221112 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk at the same time, i.e., a space of each grinding machining region enclosed by the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk can just accommodate one tapered roller 3 to be machined.

Step 2, in correspondence to the first rotation mode of the grinding disk kit, the first grinding disk 21 is driven to rotate about the own axis relative to the second grinding disk 22 at a low speed; and in correspondence to the second rotation mode of the grinding disk kit, the second grinding disk 22 is driven to rotate about the own axis relative to the first grinding disk 21 at a low speed. The rotation speed is 1-10 rpm based on the outer diameters of the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22; and rotation directions of the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22 need to be determined according to a helical direction of the helical grooves 2211 of the second grinding disk and positions of the inlets 22118 of the helical grooves and the outlets 22119 of the helical grooves, to ensure that the tapered rollers 3 to be machined can enter the linear grooves 2111 from the inlets 21118 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and leave the linear grooves 2111 from the outlets 21119 of the corresponding linear grooves.

Step 3, the roller conveying systems 43, the roller sorting mechanisms 44 and the roller feeding mechanisms 45 are started. The feeding speed of the roller feeding mechanisms 45 is adjusted to be matched with a relative rotation speed of the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22, to ensure that when the inlets 22118 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk intersect the inlets 21118 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk, one tapered roller 3 to be machined will enter each inlet intersection of the inlets 22118 of the helical grooves and the inlets 21118 of the linear grooves under the action of the roller feeding mechanisms 45. The conveying speed of the roller conveying systems 43 and the sorting speed of the roller sorting mechanisms 44 are adjusted to be matched with the feeding speed of the roller feeding mechanisms 45, so that the tapered rollers 3 to be machined timely enter each inlet intersection under the action of the roller feeding mechanisms 45 after passing through the roller conveying systems 43 and the roller sorting mechanisms 44. The tapered rollers 3 to be machined entering the inlet intersections subsequently are pushed by the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves at the inlets 22118 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk to enter the grinding machining regions due to the relative rotation of the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22. The tapered rollers 3 to be machined entering the grinding machining regions are continuously pushed by the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk to be feed linearly along the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk, pass through the linear grooves 2111, and leave the grinding machining regions from the outlet intersections of the outlets 22119 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk and the outlets 21119 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk. The tapered rollers 3 to be machined leaving the grinding machining regions pass through the roller collecting devices 41, the roller conveying systems 43 and the roller sorting mechanisms 44, and sequentially enter the inlet intersections again under the action of the roller feeding mechanisms 45 after the original order is disrupted, thereby establishing a circulation of the linear feeding of the tapered rollers 3 to be machined along the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves between the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22 as well as the collecting, conveying, sorting and feeding through the part of the roller circulating system outside the grinding disk.

Step 4, the relative rotation speed of the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22 is adjusted to a relative working rotation speed, wherein the relative working rotation speed is 5-60 rpm based on the outer diameters of the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22. The feeding speed of the roller feeding mechanisms 45 is adjusted to a working feeding speed so that it is matched with the relative working rotation speed of the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22. The conveying speed of the roller conveying systems 43 and the sorting speed of the roller sorting mechanisms 44 are adjusted so that the tapered rollers 3 to be machined at each of the roller collecting devices 41, the roller conveying systems 43, the roller sorting mechanisms 44 and the roller feeding mechanisms 45 in the part of the roller circulating system outside the grinding disk are matched in stock and smooth and orderly in circulation.

Step 5, the grinding machining regions are filled with grinding fluid.

Step 6, the second grinding disk 22 further approaches the first grinding disk 21 along the own axis, so that the rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers to be machined in the grinding machining regions are in line contact with two symmetrical side faces of the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the first working faces 221111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk, and big-end sphere base faces 342 (or big-end edge fillets 341 or small-end edge fillets 331) of the tapered rollers to be machined are in line contact with the second working faces 221112 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk. An initial working pressure is applied to each tapered roller 3 to be machined in the grinding machining region, wherein the average initial working pressure is 0.5-2 N based on the diameter of the tapered rollers 3 to be machined. The sliding frictional driving moment generated by the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk when the tapered rollers 3 to be machined rotate about the own axes 31 is greater than the sliding frictional resistance moment generated by the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk when the tapered rollers 3 to be machined rotate about the own axes 31, thereby driving the tapered rollers 3 to be machined continuously rotate about the own axes 31. Meanwhile, the tapered rollers 3 to be machined is continuously pushed by the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk to be fed linearly along the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk. The rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers to be machined start to be ground by the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the first working faces 221111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk.

Step 7, with the stable operation of grinding machining process, the working pressure of each of the tapered rollers 3 to be machined distributed in the grinding machining regions is gradually increased to a normal working pressure, wherein the average normal working pressure is 2-50 N according to the diameters of the tapered rollers 3 to be machined. The tapered rollers 3 to be machined continuously maintain the contact with the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk in the step 6, continuously rotate about the own axes 31 and are linearly fed along the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves. The rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers 3 to be machined continue to be ground by the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the first working faces 221111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk.

Step 8, after a period of grinding machining, the tapered rollers 3 to be machined are sampled; if the surface quality, the shape precision and the dimensional uniformity of the rolling surfaces 32 of the sampled tapered rollers to be machined have not yet met the technical requirements, the grinding machining process in this step is continued; and if the surface quality, the shape precision and the dimensional uniformity of the rolling surface 32 of the sampled tapered rollers 3 to be machined meet the technical requirements, step 9 is carried out.

Step 9, the working pressure is gradually reduced to zero eventually. The operation of the roller feeding mechanisms 45, the roller conveying systems 43 and the roller finishing mechanisms 44 is stopped. The relative rotation speed of the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22 is adjusted to zero. The filling of the grinding machining regions with the grinding fluid is stopped. The second grinding disk 22 is driven to return to a non-working position along the own axis. The tapered rollers 3 to be machined everywhere in the circulation are collected; and the grinding machining process ends at this point.

It is understandable that the above steps and sequence can not only be combined as described in the embodiments, but also be used in other combinations, which does not exceed the scope of the present invention.

The working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk, which are designed and machined on account of parameters of the specific tapered rollers 3 to be machined, inevitably have manufacturing errors; and the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22 may also have mounting errors when being mounted on the grinding equipment. The manufacturing errors and mounting errors may cause a difference between an ideal contact state and the contact state of the tapered rollers 3 to be machined with the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk.

To reduce the difference, it is recommended to use the tapered rollers 3 with the same geometrical parameters for the grinding-in of the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk before the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22 are used. The grinding-in method is the same as the grinding method of the tapered rollers 3 to be machined. For step 8, the tapered rollers 3 to be machined involved in the grinding-in are sampled; when the surface quality, the shape precision and the dimensional uniformity of the rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers to be machined meet the technical requirements, step 9 of the grinding-in process is started; otherwise, step 8 is continued.

Embodiment 4 of a grinding method: a grinding method for finishing rolling surfaces of tapered rollers made of ferromagnetic materials (such as GCr15, G20CrNi2MoA and Cr4Mo4V).

The grinding equipment described in the embodiment 4 of the grinding equipment is adopted in the grinding method. The annular magnetic structure 226 is arranged inside the second grinding disk 22 of the grinding disk kit in the grinding equipment. The part of the roller circulating system outside the grinding disk in the grinding equipment further includes roller demagnetizing devices 42. The roller demagnetizing devices 42 are arranged in the roller conveying systems 43 in the part of the roller circulating path outside the grinding disk or in front of the roller conveying systems 43 for demagnetizing the ferromagnetic tapered rollers to be machined magnetized by the magnetic field in the annular magnetic structure 226 so as to avoid agglomeration of the ferromagnetic tapered rollers to be machined when passing through the roller conveying systems 43 or the roller sorting mechanisms 44. The grinding method is different from the grinding method of the embodiment 3 in the following grinding processes:

In step 3, the roller demagnetizing devices 42 are started simultaneously.

In step 6, the annular magnetic structure 226 inside the base body of the second grinding disk enters into a working state. The second grinding disk 22 further approaches the first grinding disk 21 along the own axis, so that the rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers to be machined in the grinding machining regions are in line contact with two symmetrical side faces of the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the first working faces 221111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk, and big-end sphere base faces 342 (or big-end edge fillets 341 or small-end edge fillets 331) of the tapered rollers to be machined are in line contact with the second working faces 221112 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk. An initial working pressure is applied to each of the tapered rollers 3 to be machined distributed in the grinding machining regions, wherein the average initial working pressure is 0.5-2 N according to the diameters of the tapered rollers 3 to be machined. A magnetic field strength of the annular magnetic structure 226 is adjusted, so that a sliding frictional driving moment generated by the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk when the ferromagnetic tapered rollers 3 to be machined rotate about the own axes 31 is greater than a sliding frictional resistance moment generated by the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk when the tapered rollers 3 to be machined rotate about the own axes 31, thereby driving the ferromagnetic tapered rollers 3 to be machined to continuously rotate about the own axes 31. Meanwhile, the tapered rollers 3 to be machined are continuously pushed by the working faces 22111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk to be fed linearly along the base lines 21116 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk. The rolling surfaces 32 of the tapered rollers to be machined start to be ground by the working faces 21111 of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the first working faces 221111 of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk.

In step 9, the working pressure is gradually reduced to zero eventually. The operation of the roller feeding mechanisms 45, the roller conveying systems 43 and the roller finishing mechanisms 44 is stopped; and the relative rotation speed of the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22 is adjusted to zero. The annular magnetic structure 226 is switched to a non-working state for stopping the operation of the roller demagnetizing devices 42. The filling of the grinding machining regions with the grinding fluid is stopped. The second grinding disk 22 is driven to return to the non-working position along the own axis. The tapered rollers 3 to be machined everywhere in the circulation are collected; and the grinding machining process ends at this point.

Claims

1. A grinding disk kit for finishing rolling surfaces of bearing rollers, comprising a pair of coaxial first grinding disk (21) and second grinding disk (22), wherein a front face (211) of the first grinding disk is arranged opposite to a front face of the second grinding disk (221);

the front face (211) of the first grinding disk comprises a group of radially distributed linear grooves (2111) and transition faces (2112) for connecting the adjacent linear grooves; the front face (221) of the second grinding disk comprises one or more helical grooves (2211) and transition faces (2212) for connecting the adjacent helical grooves; surfaces of the linear grooves (2111) comprise working faces (21111) of the linear grooves in contact with the rolling surfaces (32) of the bearing rollers to be machined during grinding machining; surfaces of the helical grooves (2211) comprise working faces (22111) of the helical grooves in contact with the bearing rollers during grinding machining;

one bearing roller (3) to be machined is distributed in each linear groove (2111) of the first grinding disk along the linear groove corresponding to each intersection of the helical grooves (2211) of the second grinding disk and the linear grooves (2111) of the first grinding disk during grinding machining; the bearing rollers are cylindrical rollers or tapered rollers; a region, corresponding to each intersection, enclosed by working faces (21111) of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and working faces (22111) of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk is a grinding machining region; the rolling surfaces (32) of the bearing rollers to be machined are in contact with the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves and the working faces (22111) of the helical grooves, respectively; the bearing rollers (3) to be machined translate along the linear grooves (2111) while rotating about the own axes (31) under the friction driving and thrusting actions of the working faces (22111) of the helical grooves; and the rolling surfaces (32) of the bearing rollers to be machined slide relative to the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves, to realize the grinding machining for the rolling surfaces (32) of the bearing rollers to be machined.

2. The grinding disk kit for finishing rolling surfaces of bearing rollers according to claim 1, wherein the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves are located on scanning planes (21113) of the linear grooves; the scanning planes (21113) of the linear grooves are constant cross-section scanning planes; scanning paths of the scanning planes (21113) of the linear grooves are straight lines; generatrices of the scanning planes (21113) of the linear grooves are in normal sections (21114) of the linear grooves; the scanning paths passing through a selected point are recorded as base lines (21116) of the linear grooves; all the base lines (21116) of the linear grooves are distributed on a right circular cone face; the right circular cone face is a base face (214) of the first grinding disk; an axis of the base face (214) of the first grinding disk is an axis (213) of the first grinding disk; and the base face (214) of the first grinding disk has a cone apex angle 2α;

when the bearing rollers are cylindrical rollers, in the normal sections (21114) of the linear grooves, a normal section profile (211131) of the scanning planes (21113) of the linear grooves is a circular arc with a curvature radius equal to that of the rolling surfaces (32) of the cylindrical rollers to be machined; the selected point is a center of curvature of the normal section profile (211131); the base lines (21116) of the linear grooves pass through the center of curvature of the normal section profile (211131); the base lines (21116) of the linear grooves are in an axial section (215) of the first grinding disk; the axial section (215) of the first grinding disk comprising the base lines (21116) of the linear grooves is a central plane (21112) of the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves; axes (31) of the cylindrical rollers to be machined are in the central plane (21112) of the working faces of the linear grooves during grinding machining; the rolling surfaces (32) of the cylindrical rollers to be machined are in contact with the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves; and the axes (31) of the cylindrical rollers to be machined overlap with the base lines (21116) of the linear grooves;

when the bearing rollers are tapered rollers, in the normal sections (21114) of the linear grooves, the normal section profile (211131) of the scanning planes (21113) of the linear grooves comprises two symmetrical linear segments; an angle between the two linear segments is 2θ; during grinding machining, the rolling surfaces (32) of the tapered rollers to be machined is in line contact with two symmetrical side faces of the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves, respectively; the tapered rollers to be machined are placed as a reference in the linear grooves (2111), and a contact relationship between the tapered rollers to be machined and the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves is the same as that during grinding machining; the selected point is a midpoint (Q) of the mapping (CD) of the rolling surfaces (32) of the tapered rollers to be machined on the own axes (31); the base lines (21116) of the linear grooves pass through the midpoint (Q) of the mapping (CD) of the rolling surfaces (32) of the tapered roller to be machined on the own axes (31); a central plane (21112) of the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves is a plane comprising a normal section profile symmetry line (211132) of the scanning planes (21113) of the linear grooves and the base lines (21116) of the linear grooves; the base lines (21116) of the linear grooves are in the axial section (215) of the first grinding disk; the central plane (21112) of the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves overlap with the axial section (215) of the first grinding disk comprising the base lines (21116) of the linear grooves; the axes (31) of the tapered rollers to be machined are in the central plane (21112) of the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves during grinding machining; the tapered rollers to be machined have a half-cone angle φ; an angle between the axes (31) of the tapered rollers to be machined and the base lines (21116) of the linear grooves is γ; and sin φ=sin γ sin θ;

the working faces (22111) of the helical grooves comprise a first working face (221111) and a second working face (221112);

when the bearing rollers are the cylindrical rollers, during grinding machining, the rolling surfaces (32) of the cylindrical rollers to be machined are in line contact with the first working face (221111), and an end-face edge fillet (332) of the cylindrical rollers to be machined is in line or point contact with the second working face (221112) under the constraints of the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk; when the bearing rollers are the tapered rollers, during grinding machining, the rolling surfaces (32) of the tapered rollers to be machined are in line contact with the first working face (221111), and a big-end sphere base face (342) or a big-end edge fillet (341) or a small-end edge fillet (331) of the tapered rollers to be machined is in line contact with the second working face (221112) under the constraints of the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk;

the first working face (221111) and the second working face (221112) are respectively located on a first scanning plane (221121) and a second scanning plane (221122); both the first scanning plane (221121) and the second scanning plane (221122) are constant cross-section scanning planes; the bearing rollers to be machined are placed as a reference in the helical grooves (2211), and a contact relationship between the bearing rollers to be machined and the working faces (22111) of the helical grooves is the same as that during grinding machining; the scanning paths of the first scanning plane (221121) and the second scanning plane (221122) are right circular conical helices, which pass through the midpoint (Q) of the mapping (CD) of the rolling surfaces (32) of the bearing rollers to be machined on the own axes (31) and are distributed on a right circular cone face; the right circular conical helices are the base lines (22116) of the helical grooves; the right circular cone face is a base face (224) of the second grinding disk; and the axis of the base face (224) of the second grinding disk is an axis (223) of the second grinding disk;

the generatrices of the first scanning plane (221121) and the second scanning plane (221122) are both in the axial section (225) of the second grinding disk;

the base face (224) of the second grinding disk has a cone apex angle 2β;

the cone apex angle of the base face (214) of the first grinding disk and the cone apex angle of the base face (224) of the second grinding disk satisfy the following relationship: 2α+2β=360°;

when 2α=2β=180°, the axis (213) of the first grinding disk is perpendicular to the base face (214) of the first grinding disk; the axis (223) of the second grinding disk is perpendicular to the base face (224) of the second grinding disk; the base lines (21116) of the linear grooves may be in or out of the axial section (215) of the first grinding disk; and when the base lines (21116) of the linear grooves are out of the axial section (215) of the first grinding disk, the central plane (21112) of the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves is parallel to the axis (213) of the first grinding disk.

3. The grinding disk kit for finishing rolling surfaces of bearing rollers according to claim 2, wherein when the bearing rollers are the cylindrical rollers, the base lines (22116) of the helical grooves are right circular conical equiangular helices (221161) or right circular conical non-equiangular helices (221162); and when the bearing rollers are the tapered rollers, the base lines (22116) of the helical grooves are right circular conical equiangular helices (221161).

4. The grinding disk kit for finishing rolling surfaces of bearing rollers according to claim 2, wherein when the bearing rollers are the tapered rollers and the rolling surfaces (32) of the tapered rollers are designed with convexity, the normal section profile (211131) of the scanning planes of the linear grooves, where the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves are adapted to the rolling surfaces, is modified according to a convexity curve of the rolling surfaces (32) of the tapered rollers.

5. The grinding disk kit for finishing rolling surfaces of bearing rollers according to claim 3, wherein when the bearing rollers are the tapered rollers and the rolling surfaces (32) of the tapered rollers are designed with convexity, the normal section profile (211131) of the scanning planes of the linear grooves, where the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves are adapted to the rolling surfaces, is modified according to a convexity curve of the rolling surfaces (32) of the tapered rollers.

6. The grinding disk kit for finishing rolling surfaces of bearing rollers according to claim 2, wherein the grinding disk kit is used for machining rolling surfaces of ferromagnetic bearing rollers; a base body (220) of the second grinding disk is made of a magnetic conductive material; an annular magnetic structure (226) is embedded inside the base body (220) of the second grinding disk; a group of annular band-shaped or helical band-shaped non-magnetic conductive materials (228) are embedded in the front face (221) of the second grinding disk; the magnetic conductive material of the base body (220) of the second grinding disk and the embedded annular band-shaped or helical band-shaped non-magnetic conductive materials (228) are closely connected on the front face (221) of the second grinding disk and form the front face (221) of the second grinding disk together.

7. The grinding disk kit for finishing rolling surfaces of bearing rollers according to claim 2, wherein the grinding disk kit is used for machining rolling surfaces of ferromagnetic bearing rollers; the base body (220) of the second grinding disk is made of the magnetic conductive material; the annular magnetic structure (226) is embedded in the base body (220) of the second grinding disk; and a group of annular grooves or helical grooves are formed in the front face (221) of the second grinding disk.

8. The grinding disk kit for finishing rolling surfaces of bearing rollers according to claim 2, wherein the grinding disk kit is used for machining rolling surfaces of ferromagnetic bearing rollers; the base body (220) of the second grinding disk is made of the magnetic conductive material; the annular magnetic structure (226) is embedded in the base body (220) of the second grinding disk; and a group of annular grooves or helical grooves are formed in one side of an inner cavity of the base body (220) of the second grinding disk opposite to the front face (221) of the second grinding disk.

9. A grinding equipment for finishing rolling surfaces of bearing rollers, comprising a main machine, a part of a roller circulating system outside the grinding disk and the grinding disk kit of claim 2, wherein

the main machine comprises a base (11), a column (12), a beam (13), a sliding table (14), an upper pallet (15), a lower pallet (16), an axial loading device (17) and a spindle device (18);

a frame of the main machine is composed of the base (11), the column (12) and the beam (13);

the first grinding disk (21) of the grinding disk kit is connected with the lower pallet (16); and the second grinding disk (22) of the grinding disk kit is connected with the upper pallet (15);

the sliding table (14) is connected with the beam (13) through the axial loading device (17); the column (12) can also serve as a guide component to play a role of guiding the sliding table (14) to move linearly along the axis (223) of the second grinding disk; the sliding table (14) moves linearly along the axis (223) of the second grinding disk under the driving of the axial loading device (17) and the constraints of the column (12) and other guide components;

the spindle device (18) is configured to drive the first grinding disk (21) or the second grinding disk (22) to rotate about the own axis;

the part of the roller circulating system outside the grinding disk comprises roller collecting devices (41), roller conveying systems (43), roller sorting mechanisms (44) and roller feeding mechanisms (45);

the roller collecting device (41) is arranged at an outlet (21119) of each linear groove of the first grinding disk, and configured to collect the bearing roller (3) to be machined leaving the grinding machining region enclosed by the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves and the working faces (22111) of the helical grooves from the outlet (21119) of each linear groove;

the roller conveying systems (43) are configured to convey the bearing rollers (3) to be machined from the roller collecting devices (41) to the roller feeding mechanisms (45);

the roller sorting mechanisms (44) are arranged at front ends of the roller feeding mechanisms (45); based on different types of the bearing rollers, the roller sorting mechanisms (44) have functions as follows:

1) when the bearing rollers are the cylindrical rollers, the roller sorting mechanisms (44) are configured to adjust the axes (31) of the cylindrical rollers to be machined to a direction required by the roller feeding mechanisms (45);

2) when the bearing rollers are the tapered rollers, the roller sorting mechanisms (44) are configured to adjust the axes (31) of the tapered rollers to be machined to the direction required by the roller feeding mechanisms (45), and adjust the direction of small ends of the tapered rollers to be machined to a direction adapted to an axial section profile of the scanning planes (22112) of helical grooves, wherein the working faces (22111) of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk are located at the scanning planes (22112) of the helical grooves;

during grinding machining, the grinding disk kit can rotate in two modes; in a first mode, the first grinding disk (21) rotates about the own axis, and the second grinding disk (22) does not rotate; and in a second mode, the first grinding disk (21) does not rotate, and the second grinding disk (22) rotates about the own axis;

the main machine has three configurations: a first main machine configuration for rotating the grinding disk kit in the first mode, a second main machine configuration for rotating the grinding disk kit in the second mode, and a third main machine configuration suitable for rotating the grinding disk kit in the first mode and the second mode;

based on different configurations of the main machine, the relative motion of the first grinding disk (21) and the second grinding disk (22) as well as positions and functions of the roller feeding mechanisms (45) in the grinding equipment are shown as follows:

in correspondence to the first main machine configuration:

the spindle device (18) is mounted on the base (11) and drives the first grinding disk (21) to rotate about the own axis by the connected lower pallet (16); the upper pallet (15) is connected with the sliding table (14);

the first grinding disk (21) rotates about the own axis during grinding machining; the sliding table (14), together with the connected upper pallet (15) and the second grinding disk (22) connected with the upper pallet, approaches the first grinding disk (21) along the axis (223) of the second grinding disk under the constraints of the column (12) or other guide components, and applies a working pressure to the bearing rollers (3) to be machined distributed in the linear grooves (2111) of the first grinding disk (21);

the roller feeding mechanisms (45) are respectively mounted at an inlet (22118) of each helical groove of the second grinding disk, and configured to push one bearing roller (3) to be machined into the inlet (22118) of one linear groove when the inlet (21118) of any linear groove of the first grinding disk intersects the inlet (22118) of one helical groove;

in correspondence to the second main machine configuration:

the spindle device (18) is mounted on the sliding table (14) and drives the second grinding disk (22) to rotate about the own axis by the connected upper pallet (15); the lower pallet (16) is mounted on the base (11);

the second grinding disk (22) rotates about the own axis during grinding machining; the sliding table (14), together with the spindle device (18), the upper pallet (15) connected with the spindle device (18) and the second grinding disk (22) connected with the upper pallet (15), approaches the first grinding disk (21) along the axis (223) of the second grinding disk under the constraints of the column (12) or other guide components, and applies a working pressure to the bearing rollers (3) to be machined distributed in the linear grooves (2111) of the first grinding disk (21);

the roller feeding mechanisms (45) are respectively mounted at an inlet (21118) of each linear groove of the first grinding disk, and configured to push one bearing roller (3) to be machined into the inlet (21118) of one linear groove when the inlet (22118) of any helical groove of the second grinding disk intersects the inlet of one linear groove;

in correspondence to the third main machine configuration:

two spindle devices (18) are provided, wherein one spindle device (18) is mounted on the base (11) and drives the first grinding disk (21) to rotate about the own axis by the connected lower pallet (16); the other spindle device (18) is mounted on the sliding table (14) and drives the second grinding disk (22) to rotate about the own axis by the connected upper pallet (15); the two spindle devices (18) are provided with locking mechanisms; only one of the first grinding disk (21) and the second grinding disk (22) is allowed to rotate at a time while the other grinding disk is in a circumferentially locked state;

when the grinding disk kit of the grinding equipment rotates in the first mode for grinding machining, the relative motion of the first grinding disk (21) and the second grinding disk (22) is the same as that in the first main machine configuration, and the positions and functions of the roller feeding mechanisms (45) in the equipment are the same as those in the first main machine configuration; and when the grinding disk kit of the grinding equipment rotates in the second mode for grinding machining, the relative motion of the first grinding disk (21) and the second grinding disk (22) is the same as that in the second main machine configuration, and the positions and functions of the roller feeding mechanisms (45) in the equipment are the same as those in the second main machine configuration.

10. The grinding equipment for finishing rolling surfaces of bearing rollers according to claim 9, which is different from the grinding equipment of claim 9 in that:

the grinding disk kit of claim 6 is used as the grinding disk kit;

the part of the roller circulating system outside the grinding disk also comprises roller demagnetizing devices (42); the roller demagnetizing devices (42) are arranged in the roller conveying systems (43) in a part of a roller circulating path outside the grinding disk or in front of the roller conveying systems (43) and configured to demagnetize the ferromagnetic bearing rollers (3) to be machined, wherein the ferromagnetic bearing rollers to be machined are magnetized by a magnetic field of an annular magnetic structure (226) inside the base body of the second grinding disk.

11. A grinding method for finishing rolling surfaces of bearing rollers, using the grinding equipment of claim 9 and comprising the following steps:

step 1, making the second grinding disk (22) approach the first grinding disk (21) along the own axis until a space of each grinding machining region enclosed by the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the working faces (22111) of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk can just accommodate one bearing roller to be machined;

step 2, in correspondence to the first rotation mode of the grinding disk kit, rotating the first grinding disk (21) about the own axis relative to the second grinding disk (22) at a low speed of 1-10 rpm; and in correspondence to the second rotation mode of the grinding disk kit, rotating the second grinding disk (22) about the own axis relative to the first grinding disk (21) at a low speed of 1-10 rpm;

step 3, starting the roller conveying systems (43), the roller sorting mechanisms (44) and the roller feeding mechanisms (45); adjusting the feeding speed of the roller feeding mechanisms (45) to be matched with a relative rotation speed of the first grinding disk (21) and the second grinding disk (22); and adjusting the conveying speed of the roller conveying systems (43) and the sorting speed of the roller sorting mechanisms (44) to be matched with the feeding speed of the roller feeding mechanisms (45), thereby establishing a circulation of the linear feeding of the bearing rollers (3) to be machined along the base lines (21116) of the linear grooves between the first grinding disk (21) and the second grinding disk (22) as well as the collecting, conveying, sorting and feeding through the part of the roller circulating system outside the grinding disk;

step 4, adjusting the relative rotation speed of the first grinding disk (21) and the second grinding disk (22) to a relative working rotation speed of 5-60 rpm, adjusting the feeding speed of the roller feeding mechanisms (45) to a working feeding speed so as to match with the relative working rotation speed of the first grinding disk (21) and the second grinding disk (22), adjusting the conveying speed of the roller conveying systems (43) and the sorting speed of the roller sorting mechanisms (44) so that the bearing rollers (3) to be machined at each of the roller collecting devices (41), the roller conveying systems (43), the roller sorting mechanisms (44) and the roller feeding mechanisms (45) in the part of the roller circulating system outside the grinding disk are matched in stock and smooth and orderly in circulation;

step 5, filling the grinding machining regions with grinding fluid;

step 6, comprising:

1) when the bearing rollers are the cylindrical rollers, making the second grinding disk (22) further approach the first grinding disk (21) along the own axis, so that the rolling surfaces (32) of the cylindrical rollers to be machined in the grinding machining regions are in face contact with the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and in line contact with the first working faces (221111) of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk, respectively; when the bearing rollers are the tapered rollers, making the second grinding disk (22) further approach the first grinding disk (21) along the own axis, so that the rolling surfaces (32) of the tapered rollers to be machined in the grinding machining regions are in line contact with two symmetrical side faces of the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the first working faces (221111) of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk, and big-end sphere base faces (342) or big-end edge fillets (341) or small-end edge fillets (331) of the tapered rollers to be machined are in line contact with the second working faces (221112) of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk;

2) applying an average initial working pressure of 0.5-2 N to all the bearing rollers (3) to be machined distributed in the grinding machining region; driving the bearing rollers (3) to be machined by the friction of the working faces (22111) of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk to continuously rotate about the own axes (31); meanwhile, continuously pushing the bearing rollers (3) to be machined by the working faces (22111) of the helical grooves to be fed linearly along the base lines (21116) of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk; and starting to grind the rolling surfaces (32) of the bearing rollers to be machined by the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the first working faces (221111) of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk;

step 7, with the stable operation of grinding machining process, gradually increasing the working pressure of each bearing roller (3) to be machined distributed in the grinding machining region to a normal working pressure of 2-50 N; making the bearing rollers (3) to be machined continuously maintain the contact with the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the working faces (22111) of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk in the step 6, rotate about the own axes (31) and linearly fed along the base lines (21116) of the linear grooves; and continuously grinding the rolling surfaces (32) by the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the first working faces (221111) of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk;

step 8, after a period of grinding machining, sampling the bearing rollers (3) to be machined; if the surface quality, the shape precision and the dimensional uniformity of the rolling surface (32) of the sampled bearing rollers to be machined have not yet met technical requirements, continuing the grinding machining in the step 8; and if the surface quality, the shape precision and the dimensional uniformity of the rolling surface (32) of the sampled bearing rollers to be machined meet the technical requirements, entering into step 9; and

step 9, gradually reducing the working pressure to zero eventually; stopping the operation of the roller feeding mechanisms (45), the roller conveying systems (43) and the roller finishing mechanisms (44); adjusting the relative rotation speed of the first grinding disk (21) and the second grinding disk (22) to zero; stopping filling the grinding machining regions with the grinding fluid; and making the second grinding disk (22) return to a non-working position along the own axis.

12. A grinding method for finishing rolling surfaces of bearing rollers, using the grinding equipment of claim 10, used for machining rolling surfaces of ferromagnetic bearing rollers and comprising the following steps:

step 1, making the second grinding disk (22) approach the first grinding disk (21) along the own axis until a space of each grinding machining region enclosed by the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the working faces (22111) of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk can just accommodate one bearing roller to be machined;

step 2, in correspondence to the first rotation mode of the grinding disk kit, rotating the first grinding disk (21) about the own axis relative to the second grinding disk (22) at a low speed of 1-10 rpm; and in correspondence to the second rotation mode of the grinding disk kit, rotating the second grinding disk (22) about the own axis relative to the first grinding disk (21) at a low speed of 1-10 rpm;

step 3, starting the roller demagnetizing devices (42), the roller conveying systems (43), the roller sorting mechanisms (44) and the roller feeding mechanisms (45); adjusting the feeding speed of the roller feeding mechanisms (45) to be matched with the relative rotation speed of the first grinding disk (21) and the second grinding disk (22); and adjusting the conveying speed of the roller conveying systems (43 and the sorting speed of the roller sorting mechanisms (44) to be matched with the feeding speed of the roller feeding mechanisms (45), thereby establishing a circulation of the linear feeding of the bearing rollers (3) to be machined along the base lines (21116) of the linear grooves between the first grinding disk (21) and the second grinding disk (22) as well as the collecting, conveying, sorting and feeding through the part of the roller circulating system outside the grinding disk;

step 4, adjusting the relative rotation speed of the first grinding disk (21) and the second grinding disk (22) to a relative working rotation speed of 5-60 rpm, adjusting the feeding speed of the roller feeding mechanisms (45) to a working feeding speed so as to match with the relative working rotation speed of the first grinding disk (21) and the second grinding disk (22), adjusting the conveying speed of the roller conveying systems (43) and the sorting speed of the roller sorting mechanisms (44) so that the bearing rollers (3) to be machined at each of the roller collecting devices (41), the roller conveying systems (43), the roller sorting mechanisms (44) and the roller feeding mechanisms (45) in the part of the roller circulating system outside the grinding disk are matched in stock and smooth and orderly in circulation;

step 5, filling the grinding machining regions with grinding fluid;

step 6, comprising:

1) allowing the annular magnetic structure (226) inside the base body of the second grinding disk to enter into a working state; when the bearing rollers are the cylindrical rollers, making the second grinding disk (22) further approach the first grinding disk (21) along the own axis, so that the rolling surfaces (32) of the cylindrical rollers to be machined in the grinding machining regions are in face contact with the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and in line contact with the first working faces (221111) of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk, respectively; when the bearing rollers are the tapered rollers, making the second grinding disk (22) further approach the first grinding disk (21) along the own axis, so that the rolling surfaces (32) of the tapered rollers to be machined in the grinding machining regions are in line contact with two symmetrical side faces of the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the first working faces (221111) of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk, and the big-end sphere base faces (342) or the big-end edge fillets (341) or the small-end edge fillets (331) of the tapered rollers to be machined are in line contact with the second working faces (221112) of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk;

2) applying an average initial working pressure of 0.5-2 N to all the bearing rollers (3) to be machined distributed in the grinding machining regions; adjusting a magnetic field strength of the annular magnetic structure (226), so that a sliding frictional driving moment generated by the working faces (22111) of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk when the bearing rollers (3) to be machined rotate about the own axes (31) is greater than a sliding frictional resistance moment generated by the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk when the bearing rollers (3) to be machined rotate about the own axes (31), thereby driving the bearing rollers (3) to be machined continuously rotate about the own axes (31); meanwhile, continuously pushing the bearing rollers (3) to be machined by the working faces (22111) of the helical grooves to be fed linearly along the base lines (21116) of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk; and starting to grind the rolling surfaces (32) of the bearing rollers to be machined by the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the first working faces (221111) of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk;

step 7, with the stable operation of grinding machining process, gradually increasing the working pressure of each bearing roller (3) to be machined distributed in the grinding machining region to a normal working pressure of 2-50 N; making the bearing rollers (3) to be machined continuously maintain the contact with the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the working faces (22111) of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk in the step 6, rotate about the own axes (31) and linearly fed along the base lines (21116) of the linear grooves; and continuously grinding the rolling surfaces (32) by the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the first working faces (221111) of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk;

step 8, after a period of grinding machining, sampling the bearing rollers (3) to be machined; if the surface quality, the shape precision and the dimensional uniformity of the rolling surface (32) of the sampled bearing rollers to be machined have not yet met technical requirements, continuing the grinding machining in the step 8; and if the surface quality, the shape precision and the dimensional uniformity of the rolling surface (32) of the sampled bearing rollers to be machined meet the technical requirements, entering into step 9; and

step 9, gradually reducing the working pressure to zero eventually; stopping the operation of the roller feeding mechanisms (45), the roller conveying systems (43) and the roller finishing mechanisms (44); adjusting the relative rotation speed of the first grinding disk (21) and the second grinding disk (22) to zero; switching the annular magnetic structure (226) to a non-working state for stopping the operation of the roller demagnetizing devices (42); stopping filling the grinding machining regions with the grinding fluid; and making the second grinding disk (22) return to the non-working position along the own axis.

13. The grinding method for finishing rolling surfaces of bearing rollers according to claim 12, wherein the magnetic structure is arranged inside the second grinding disk (22) of the grinding disk kit in the adopted grinding equipment in one of the following two cases:

case 1: when the ferromagnetic bearing rollers (3) to be machined are ground by a fixed abrasive grain grinding mode, the magnetic structure is arranged inside the second grinding disk (22); the magnetic field strength of the magnetic structure is adjusted, so that the sliding frictional driving moment generated by the working faces (22111) of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk when the ferromagnetic bearing rollers (3) to be machined rotate about the own axes (31) is greater than the sliding frictional resistance moment generated by the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk when the ferromagnetic bearing rollers (3) to be machined rotate about the own axes (31), thereby driving the ferromagnetic bearing rollers (3) to be machined to continuously rotate about the own axes (31);

case 2: when the ferromagnetic bearing rollers (3) to be machined are ground by a free abrasive grain grinding mode, the magnetic structure is arranged inside the second grinding disk (22) to increase the sliding frictional driving moment generated by the working faces (22111) of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk when the ferromagnetic bearing rollers (3) to be machined rotate about the own axes (31), so that the ferromagnetic bearing rollers (3) to be machined can continuously rotate about the own axes (31) without being affected by the matching of materials of the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the working faces (22111) of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk.

14. The grinding method for finishing rolling surfaces of bearing rollers according to claim 11, wherein before the first grinding disk (21) and the second grinding disk (22) are used for the first time, the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the working faces (22111) of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk are ground by the bearing rollers (3) to be machined with the same geometric parameters; the grinding-in method is the same as the grinding method of the bearing rollers (3) to be machined; for the step 8, the bearing rollers (3) to be machined involved in grinding-in are sampled; when the surface quality, the shape precision and the dimensional uniformity of the rolling surfaces (32) of the sampled bearing rollers to be machined meet the technical requirements, the grinding-in process enters into step 9; otherwise, the step 8 is continued.

15. The grinding method for finishing rolling surfaces of bearing rollers according to claim 12, wherein before the first grinding disk (21) and the second grinding disk (22) are used for the first time, the working faces (21111) of the linear grooves of the first grinding disk and the working faces (22111) of the helical grooves of the second grinding disk are ground by the bearing rollers (3) to be machined with the same geometric parameters; the grinding-in method is the same as the grinding method of the bearing rollers (3) to be machined; for the step 8, the bearing rollers (3) to be machined involved in grinding-in are sampled; when the surface quality, the shape precision and the dimensional uniformity of the rolling surfaces (32) of the sampled bearing rollers to be machined meet the technical requirements, the grinding-in process enters into step 9; otherwise, the step 8 is continued.

16. The grinding disk kit for finishing rolling surfaces of bearing rollers according to claim 3, wherein the grinding disk kit is used for machining rolling surfaces of ferromagnetic bearing rollers; a base body (220) of the second grinding disk is made of a magnetic conductive material; an annular magnetic structure (226) is embedded inside the base body (220) of the second grinding disk; a group of annular band-shaped or helical band-shaped non-magnetic conductive materials (228) are embedded in the front face (221) of the second grinding disk; the magnetic conductive material of the base body (220) of the second grinding disk and the embedded annular band-shaped or helical band-shaped non-magnetic conductive materials (228) are closely connected on the front face (221) of the second grinding disk and form the front face (221) of the second grinding disk together.

17. The grinding disk kit for finishing rolling surfaces of bearing rollers according to claim 3, wherein the grinding disk kit is used for machining rolling surfaces of ferromagnetic bearing rollers; the base body (220) of the second grinding disk is made of the magnetic conductive material; the annular magnetic structure (226) is embedded in the base body (220) of the second grinding disk; and a group of annular grooves or helical grooves are formed in the front face (221) of the second grinding disk.

18. The grinding disk kit for finishing rolling surfaces of bearing rollers according to claim 3, wherein the grinding disk kit is used for machining rolling surfaces of ferromagnetic bearing rollers; the base body (220) of the second grinding disk is made of the magnetic conductive material; the annular magnetic structure (226) is embedded in the base body (220) of the second grinding disk; and a group of annular grooves or helical grooves are formed in one side of an inner cavity of the base body (220) of the second grinding disk opposite to the front face (221) of the second grinding disk.

19. The grinding disk kit for finishing rolling surfaces of bearing rollers according to claim 4, wherein the grinding disk kit is used for machining rolling surfaces of ferromagnetic bearing rollers; a base body (220) of the second grinding disk is made of a magnetic conductive material; an annular magnetic structure (226) is embedded inside the base body (220) of the second grinding disk; a group of annular band-shaped or helical band-shaped non-magnetic conductive materials (228) are embedded in the front face (221) of the second grinding disk; the magnetic conductive material of the base body (220) of the second grinding disk and the embedded annular band-shaped or helical band-shaped non-magnetic conductive materials (228) are closely connected on the front face (221) of the second grinding disk and form the front face (221) of the second grinding disk together.

20. The grinding disk kit for finishing rolling surfaces of bearing rollers according to claim 4, wherein the grinding disk kit is used for machining rolling surfaces of ferromagnetic bearing rollers; the base body (220) of the second grinding disk is made of the magnetic conductive material; the annular magnetic structure (226) is embedded in the base body (220) of the second grinding disk; and a group of annular grooves or helical grooves are formed in the front face (221) of the second grinding disk.