STEERING DEVICE AUGMENTATION, METHOD AND SYSTEM
A steering augmenter for a steering device of a drilling tool, including a body, a first flow passage in the body and configured to convey a fluid supply. a channel at the outside surface of the body, the channel being configured to produce a Bernoulli effect therein during fluid flow therein, a second flow passage fluidly connecting the first flow passage to the channel, and a valve associated with the second flow passage and configured to allow, prevent or choke flow through the second flow passage. A downhole drill bit assembly including a steering augmenter, the drill bit attached to the steering augmenter. A method for drilling a borehole into the earth, the method including conveying the steering device into the borehole, operating the valve to allow, prevent or choke flow through the second flow passage, creating a steering force at the steering augmenter by the produced Bernoulli effect.
This application claims the benefit of an earlier filing date from U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 63/425,798 filed Nov. 16, 2022, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
BACKGROUNDIn industries where access to subsurface reservoirs is provided through boreholes, it is sometimes desirable to have the ability to steer strings running in boreholes being drilled or even in preexisting boreholes to assist strings moving past deviations in the trajectory of the borehole. Bent subs are common means used to cause steering of a string creating or running in a borehole. While bent subs and other means for steering have been used with reasonable success, the art is always receptive to improvements in efficiency.
SUMMARYAn embodiment of a steering augmenter for a steering device of a drilling tool, the steering augmenter including a body having an inside surface and an outside surface and configured to attach to a drill bit, a first flow passage defined by the inside surface of the body and configured to convey a fluid supply, a channel at the outside surface of the body, the channel being configured to produce a Bernoulli effect therein during fluid flow therein, a second flow passage fluidly connecting the first flow passage to the channel, and a valve associated with the second flow passage and configured to allow, prevent or choke flow through the second flow passage.
An embodiment of a downhole drill bit assembly including a steering augmenter, the drill bit attached to the steering augmenter.
An embodiment of a method for drilling a borehole into the earth, the method including conveying the steering device into the borehole, operating the valve to allow, prevent or choke flow through the second flow passage, creating a steering force at the steering augmenter by the produced Bernoulli effect.
The following descriptions should not be considered limiting in any way. With reference to the accompanying drawings, like elements are numbered alike:
A detailed description of one or more embodiments of the disclosed apparatus and method are presented herein by way of exemplification and not limitation with reference to the Figures.
Referring to
Valve 22, selectively operable by an actuator 24, is disposed in a fluid path from the fluid supply 18 to the flow passage 14. Valve 22 may be a rotary valve or a reciprocating valve in embodiments. Valve 22 has an inlet port 67 connected to the fluid supply 18. An outlet port 73 of the valve 22 is connected to the flow passage 14, which in turn leads to flow exit 130, such as an outlet nozzle which may be at an end of segment 14b or 14c. At the surface 54 (
The valve 22 is actuatable by the actuator 24 through electric, mechanical, hydraulic or other means in a selective way that is controlled by a controller 26 operatively connected to the actuator 24. Thus, in an actuated state, the valve connects the high pressure fluid supply 18 fluid with the flow passage 14. As a consequence of the differential pressure between the fluid supply 18 and the annular space between outside surface 16 of the drill bit 12 and inside surface 38 of borehole 40 (sometimes referred to herein as borehole annulus), drilling fluid is discharged at a velocity that induces a lower fluid pressure and accordingly pulls the drill bit 12 toward the inside surface 38 of borehole 40 where fluid is being expelled from passage 14c.
The controller 26 may be in or on the steering device 10 and, optionally, actuator 24 and/or controller 26 may rotate as well with the steering device 10. Alternatively, controller 26 may be located remotely either downhole or at the earth's surface 54 (cf.
In
Junk slots or channels that are adjacent to other junk slots or channels are at least partially hydraulically isolated from adjacent junk slots or channels to enhance the fluid flow that produces the Bernoulli effect. This is manageable by structure, such as a flow barrier 33 between adjacent junk slots or channels (which may be a cutting arm of the drill bit 12 or a dedicated structure, for example) that is within a certain distance to inside surface 38 of borehole 40. That distance is smaller than the distance of the outer surface of the channel to the surface 38 of borehole 40. For example, the distance of the flow barrier 33 to the inside surface 38 of borehole 40 may be about 10 mm or smaller or even 5 mm or smaller when the steering device 10 is in use. That is, the diameter of flow barrier 33 is 20 mm or less or even 10 mm or less smaller than the diameter of the outermost cutting structure of the drill bit 12. Further, it is contemplated to configure the flow barrier 33 with an extendible element 42 that can be moved toward the inside surface 38 of borehole 40 during use to enhance hydraulic isolation between adjacent junk slots or channels and then easily collapse so that drag is not created on the drill bit 12. It is noted that the extendible element 42 may be beneficial but is not required to take advantage of this disclosure. In contrast, some concepts disclosed here are suited to provide a steering device for downhole that has no extendible part, for example no extendible part in contact with the borehole wall 120.
Fluid flow in flow passage 14 may exit a portion of the flow passage 14 (which may be at an end of segment 14b or at an end of segment 14c), to the outside surface 16 of the drill bit 12, at a face 36 of the drill bit 12 or at a radial side of the drill bit 12. In some embodiments (cf.
Where more than one Bernoulli subsystem (flow passage 14, valve 22 and actuator 24) is included, the steering force may be created more than once per revolution of the steering device 10 by cycling sequential valves 22 at the appropriate time and appropriate azimuthal position of flow passage segments 14b/14c such that each valve provides fluid flow only if and when its associated flow passage segments 14b/14c are at the desired azimuthal position. When none of the flow passage segments 14b/14c is at the selected azimuthal position, valves 22 may be actuated to reduce or prevent fluid flow through their associated flow passage segments 14b/14c.
In one or more embodiments, actuator 24 is also activatable to position the valve 22 at other than fully open or fully closed. The valve 22 may in fact be positioned anywhere between (and including) fully open and fully closed, which allows for control of the degree Bernoulli suction force and/or of steering force created in the steering device 10. The Bernoulli suction force can thus be adjustable to create a particular magnitude of steering force that is changeable on demand at all times. Specifically, if a smaller flow of fluid 56 is released through flow passage 14, by opening the valve 22 only part way, a smaller Bernoulli suction force is created and therefore a smaller steering force. The greater the fluid flow through flow passage 14 is, the greater is the Bernoulli effect and hence the greater the steering force induced. In some embodiments, a desired steering parameter, such as a desired steering force, Bernoulli suction force, flow of fluid 56, radius of curvature of the drilled borehole 40, or similar may be determined and communicated to controller 26. Communication of the desired steering parameter to controller 26 may be done before steering device 10 operates downhole or while drilling progresses and steering device 10 is in operation (e.g., in real time). Controller 26 uses the desired steering parameter to adjust the one or more valve(s) 22, accordingly.
The actuator 24, in embodiments, may include a position feedback configuration that may comprise a sensor 17 operably connected to the actuator 24 or valve 22 or to flow passage 14. Sensor 17 may provide data of the relative position of valve 22, or data of fluid flow through flow passage 14 to controller 26 to adjust valve 22 by actuator 24 until the measured data by sensor 17 is close enough to a predetermined value (e.g., until the difference between the measured data by sensor 17 and the predetermined value is smaller than a predetermined threshold). For example, when the sensor is a flow meter, it can be used to measure the fluid flow in flow passage 14, thereby creating fluid flow data and the fluid flow data can be used by controller 26 to adjust valve 22 by actuator 24 until the desired fluid flow is measured by sensor 17. In another example, the position feedback configuration reports position of the Bernoulli subsystem (e.g., position of obstruction member 29 relative to opening 27) to the controller 26, for example in real time. In other embodiments, the actuator 24 may include a resolver motor so that motor position may be known by the controller.
Portion 155 in
In some embodiments, the one or more valves 22 may be interacting to control the fluid flow in the specific mud channels 14e (e.g., interacting by controller 26). For example, if three or more valves 22 are used, such as a first, a second, and a third valve, the fluid flow through one of the first, the second, and the third valve may be adjusted based on the fluid flow through the other two of the first, the second, and the third valve. For example, in a particular rotational position of steering device 10, the first valve may allow a first fluid flow, the second valve may allow a second fluid flow, and the third valve may allow a third fluid flow. In this example, one or more of the first, the second, and the third fluid flows may be zero. The first fluid flow may be adjusted by the first valve based on the second and the third fluid flow, the second fluid flow may be adjusted by the second valve based on the first and the third fluid flow, and/or the third fluid flow may be adjusted by the third valve based on the first and the second fluid flow. Accordingly, the first, the second, and the third fluid flow may be different and may vary independently over time. Alternatively, or in addition, the fluid flow through one of the one or more valves 22 may be adjusted individually based on the downhole pressure and/or the total available fluid flow through fluid supply 18 of steering device 10. In addition, one or more of the valves 22 may be operated to compensate disturbances in the steering force, for example, by systematic amplification or attenuation of the steering forces or Bernoulli suction forces.
Turning now to
In some embodiments, valve(s) 22 rotate with the steering device 10 and in other embodiments, the actuator(s) 24 also rotate with the steering device 10. In yet other embodiments, referring to
Referring to
Referring back to channels 72, it is to be understood that such channels may be cut into the body 62 or built up on the outside surface 66 thereof. Barriers 78 between adjacent channels 72 may be of any material and in embodiments may be sized to extend from body 62 about 10 mm or less or even 5 mm or less of the inside surface 38 of the borehole 40. Materials for the barriers 78 may be attached to surface 66 via welding, brazing, adhesives, by fasteners, etc. The barriers 78 may have only that dedicated purpose or may be configured to have additional purpose such as a mounting area for electronics or sensors, sealing function to reduce or prevent leakage of fluid between channels 72, etc. The sealing function may be provided by seals on the barriers 78, e.g. using extendible elements like the extendible element 42 as discussed above, or by fluid flow. Creating the sealing function by fluid flow would be possible in several different ways, one of which would be providing additional flow channels between inner surface 64 and each of the barriers 78. A portion of the total flow will exit these flow channels instead of the nozzles in the drill bit 12 or the flow passages 70. The additional sealing flow channels may preferably be oriented such that the drilling fluid exits the barriers 78 substantially perpendicular to the inside surface 38 of borehole 40. Because this additional sealing flow will be slowed down by hitting the bore hole wall, it will develop a volume of increased pressure between the outer surface of barriers 78 and the inside surface 38 of borehole 40. This volume of increased pressure is counteracting the pressure equalization between adjacent channels 72, providing benefits similar to extendible elements 42, but without moving parts that may be subject to wear and tear during operation.
The augmenter 60 body may be configured with timed threads 80 that ensure the channels 72 will approximately align with junk slots or channels (which make up segment 14c in some embodiments) in the drill bit 12 when used therewith. Approximate alignment in this context means that the azimuth difference between junk slots/channels of drill bit 12 and channels 72 is in the range of +90° to −90, such as +45° to −45° or even +20° to −20° Aligning the channels 72 with segment 14c, for example, will enhance the steering input by extending the length of flow channel in which a Bernoulli effect may be achieved and therefore increase the steering moment created thereby. In some embodiments, aligning the channels 72 approximately 180° (i.e., the azimuth difference between junk slots/channels of drill bit 12 and channels 72 is in the range of 90° to 270°. such as in the range of 135° to 225° or even in the range of 160° to 200°) apart from segment 14c may also have a steering effect, in particular when a stabilizer 84 is installed between channels 72 and drill bit 12 (see below discussion with respect to
As a further feature of the augmenter 60, a stabilizer 84 may be disposed in the position of
It will also be appreciated that if valve(s) 22, 74 are not operated during one or more rotations of steering device 10 and hence at all azimuthal positions of steering device 10 (for example, if valve(s) 22, 74 are open or closed or at a fixed position between fully open or fully closed during one or more rotations of steering device 10), then the steering force that is caused by the fluid 56 that exits flow exit 130 will also rotate with steering device 10 and thus will cancel out over one or more rotations of steering device 10 or becomes distributed about 360 degrees of the steering device 10 and cancels out thus providing no steering effect to steering device 10 and/or drill bit 12. Thus, when valve(s) 22 are not operated during one or more rotations of steering device 10, the steering device 10 will drill in a natural direction, such as in a straight or tangential direction thus creating a straight or tangential section of borehole 40 (such as straight or tangential section 99 of borehole 40 as opposed to a curved section 93 borehole that is achieved when a geostationary steering force is created, cf.
Referring to
In use, the steering device 10 contributes to successful placement of the borehole 40 being drilled thereby by selectively unevenly distributing fluid toward a selected azimuthal direction relative to the formation, the earth's magnetic field and/or the direction of gravity and thereby causing a Bernoulli effect related steering force on the steering device 10.
Further, with regard to any of the above, it is contemplated to associate a directional sensor with the process whose function it is to ensure that geodirection is always known and hence can be used by a controller controlling the actuators and valves so that a steering input and direction or no steering input may be selected in real time. Also, it is noted that some embodiments will also include mud pathways 37 (see
Set forth below are some embodiments of the foregoing disclosure:
Embodiment 1: A steering augmenter for a steering device of a drilling tool, the steering augmenter including a body having an inside surface and an outside surface and configured to attach to a drill bit, a first flow passage defined by the inside surface of the body and configured to convey a fluid supply, a channel at the outside surface of the body, the channel being configured to produce a Bernoulli effect therein during fluid flow therein, a second flow passage fluidly connecting the first flow passage to the channel, and a valve associated with the second flow passage and configured to allow, prevent or choke flow through the second flow passage.
Embodiment 2: The steering augmenter as in any prior embodiment wherein the configuration to attach to the drill bit is a timed thread.
Embodiment 3: The steering augmenter as in any prior embodiment wherein an azimuth difference between a junk slot of the drill bit and the channel is in the range of +90° to −90.
Embodiment 4: The steering augmenter as in any prior embodiment wherein an azimuth difference between a junk slot of the drill bit and the channel is in the range of 90° to 270°.
Embodiment 5: The steering augmenter as in any prior embodiment wherein the channel is in the outside surface of the body.
Embodiment 6: The steering augmenter as in any prior embodiment wherein the channel is in a sleeve that nests with the body and is selectively rotatable on the body and fixable to the body.
Embodiment 7: The steering augmenter as in any prior embodiment, wherein the sleeve is selectively fixable by mating surfaces of the drill bit and the sleeve.
Embodiment 8: The steering augmenter as in any prior embodiment, further comprising a stabilizer between the channel and the drill bit.
Embodiment 9: The steering augmenter as in any prior embodiment, wherein the sleeve is fixable by a fastener.
Embodiment 10: The steering augmenter as in any prior embodiment wherein the steering device is rotatable within a borehole and the valve rotates with the steering device.
Embodiment 11: The steering augmenter as in any prior embodiment wherein the valve is between the inside surface and an outside surface of the body.
Embodiment 12: The steering augmenter as in any prior embodiment wherein the valve includes an actuator.
Embodiment 13: The steering augmenter as in any prior embodiment, wherein the valve is rotationally independent of the steering augmenter.
Embodiment 14: A downhole drill bit assembly including a steering augmenter as in any prior embodiment, the drill bit attached to the steering augmenter.
Embodiment 15: A method for drilling a borehole into the earth, the method including conveying the steering device as in any prior embodiment into the borehole, operating the valve to allow, prevent or choke flow through the second flow passage, creating a steering force at the steering augmenter by the produced Bernoulli effect.
Embodiment 16: The method as in any prior embodiment, further comprising aligning the channel with a junk slot of the drill bit, so that an azimuth difference between the junk slot and the channel is in the range of +90° to −90.
Embodiment 17: The method as in any prior embodiment, further comprising aligning the channel with a junk slot of the drill bit, so that an azimuth difference between the junk slot and the channel is in the range of 90° to 270°.
Embodiment 18: The method as in any prior embodiment, wherein the channel is in a sleeve that nests with the body and further comprising rotating the sleeve to align the channel and securing the sleeve to the body after the alignment.
Embodiment 19: The method as in any prior embodiment, further comprising installing a stabilizer between the channel and the drill bit.
Embodiment 20: The method as in any prior embodiment, further comprising rotating the steering device and rotating the valve with the steering device within the borehole.
The use of the terms “a” and “an” and “the” and similar referents in the context of describing the invention (especially in the context of the following claims) are to be construed to cover both the singular and the plural, unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted by context. Further, it should be noted that the terms “first,” “second,” and the like herein do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. The terms “about”, “substantially”, and “generally” are intended to include the degree of error associated with measurement of the particular quantity based upon the equipment available at the time of filing the application. For example, “about” and/or “substantially” and/or “generally” includes a range of ±8% of a given value.
The teachings of the present disclosure may be used in a variety of well operations. These operations may involve using one or more treatment agents to treat a formation, the fluids resident in a formation, a borehole, and/or equipment in the borehole, such as production tubing. The treatment agents may be in the form of liquids, gases, solids, semi-solids, and mixtures thereof. Illustrative treatment agents include, but are not limited to, fracturing fluids, acids, steam, water, brine, anti-corrosion agents, cement, permeability modifiers, drilling muds, emulsifiers, demulsifiers, tracers, flow improvers etc. Illustrative well operations include, but are not limited to, hydraulic fracturing, stimulation, tracer injection, cleaning, acidizing, steam injection, water flooding, cementing, etc.
While the invention has been described with reference to an exemplary embodiment or embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed as the best mode contemplated for carrying out this invention, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims. Also, in the drawings and the description, there have been disclosed exemplary embodiments of the invention and, although specific terms may have been employed, they are unless otherwise stated used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation, the scope of the invention therefore not being so limited.
Claims
1. A steering augmenter for a steering device of a drilling tool, the steering augmenter comprising:
- a body having an inside surface and an outside surface and configured to attach to a drill bit;
- a first flow passage defined by the inside surface of the body and configured to convey a fluid supply;
- a channel at the outside surface of the body, the channel being configured to produce a Bernoulli effect therein during fluid flow therein;
- a second flow passage fluidly connecting the first flow passage to the channel; and
- a valve associated with the second flow passage and configured to allow, prevent or choke flow through the second flow passage.
2. The steering augmenter as claimed in claim 1 wherein the configuration to attach to the drill bit is a timed thread.
3. The steering augmenter as claimed in claim 1 wherein an azimuth difference between a junk slot of the drill bit and the channel is in the range of +90° to −90.
4. The steering augmenter as claimed in claim 1 wherein an azimuth difference between a junk slot of the drill bit and the channel is in the range of 90° to 270°.
5. The steering augmenter as claimed in claim 1 wherein the channel is in the outside surface of the body.
6. The steering augmenter as claimed in claim 1 wherein the channel is in a sleeve that nests with the body and is selectively rotatable on the body and fixable to the body.
7. The steering augmenter as claimed in claim 6, wherein the sleeve is selectively fixable by mating surfaces of the drill bit and the sleeve.
8. The steering augmenter as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a stabilizer between the channel and the drill bit.
9. The steering augmenter as claimed in claim 6, wherein the sleeve is fixable by a fastener.
10. The steering augmenter as claimed in claim 1 wherein the steering device is rotatable within a borehole and the valve rotates with the steering device.
11. The steering augmenter as claimed in claim 1 wherein the valve is between the inside surface and the outside surface of the body.
12. The steering augmenter as claimed in claim 10 wherein the valve includes an actuator.
13. The steering augmenter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the valve is rotationally independent of the steering augmenter.
14. A downhole drill bit assembly comprising:
- a steering augmenter as claimed in claim 1;
- the drill bit attached to the steering augmenter.
15. A method for drilling a borehole into the earth, the method comprising:
- conveying the steering device as claimed in claim 1 into the borehole;
- operating the valve to allow, prevent or choke flow through the second flow passage;
- creating a steering force at the steering augmenter by the produced Bernoulli effect.
16. The method as claimed in claim 15, further comprising aligning the channel with a junk slot of the drill bit, so that an azimuth difference between the junk slot and the channel is in the range of +90° to −90.
17. The method as claimed in claim 15, further comprising aligning the channel with a junk slot of the drill bit, so that an azimuth difference between the junk slot and the channel is in the range of 90° to 270°.
18. The method as claimed in claim 15, wherein the channel is in a sleeve that nests with the body and further comprising rotating the sleeve to align the channel and securing the sleeve to the body after the alignment.
19. The method as claimed in claim 15, further comprising installing a stabilizer between the channel and the drill bit.
20. The method as claimed in claim 15, further comprising rotating the steering device and rotating the valve with the steering device within the borehole.
Type: Application
Filed: Nov 16, 2023
Publication Date: May 16, 2024
Inventors: Volker Peters (Niedersachsen), Andreas Peter (Celle), Christian Fulda (Lower Saxony), Tim Mueller (Burgwedel), Ingo Roders (Seelze), Olaf Gaertner (Isernhagen)
Application Number: 18/511,398