Deploying an untethered object in a passageway of a well
A system includes a string that includes a passageway and a plurality of tools. The system further includes an untethered object that is adapted to be deployed in the passageway such that the object travels downhole via the passageway and controllably expand its size as the object travels downhole to selectively cause one of the tools to capture the object.
Latest Schlumberger Technology Corporation Patents:
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/834,869, entitled, “SYSTEM FOR COMPLETING MULTIPLE WELL INTERVALS,” which was filed on Aug. 7, 2007 (abandoned), which is a divisional of Ser. No. 10/905,073, filed Dec. 14, 2004, U.S. Pat. No. 7,387,165, entitled, “SYSTEM FOR COMPLETING MULTIPLE WELL INTERVALS,” which issued on Jun. 17, 2008. The Ser. No. 11/834,869 application and the U.S. Pat. No. 7,387,165 are each hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
BACKGROUNDThe present invention relates generally to recovery of hydrocarbons in subterranean formations, and more particularly to a system and method for delivering treatment fluids to wells having multiple production zones.
In typical wellbore operations, various treatment fluids may be pumped into the well and eventually into the formation to restore or enhance the productivity of the well. For example, a non-reactive “fracturing fluid” or a “frac fluid” may be pumped into the wellbore to initiate and propagate fractures in the formation thus providing flow channels to facilitate movement of the hydrocarbons to the wellbore so that the hydrocarbons may be pumped from the well. In such fracturing operations, the fracturing fluid is hydraulically injected into a wellbore penetrating the subterranean formation and is forced against the formation strata by pressure. The formation strata is forced to crack and fracture, and a proppant is placed in the fracture by movement of a viscous-fluid containing proppant into the crack in the rock. The resulting fracture, with proppant in place, provides improved flow of the recoverable fluid (i.e., oil, gas or water) into the wellbore. In another example, a reactive stimulation fluid or “acid” may be injected into the formation. Acidizing treatment of the formation results in dissolving materials in the pore spaces of the formation to enhance production flow.
Currently, in wells with multiple production zones, it may be necessary to treat various formations in a multi-staged operation requiring many trips downhole. Each trip generally consists of isolating a single production zone and then delivering the treatment fluid to the isolated zone. Since several trips downhole are required to isolate and treat each zone, the complete operation may be very time consuming and expensive.
Accordingly, there exists a need for systems and methods to deliver treatment fluids to multiple zones of a well in a single trip downhole.
SUMMARYIn an embodiment of the invention, a technique includes providing a string that includes a passageway and a plurality of tools. The technique includes deploying an untethered object in the passageway such that the object travels downhole via the passageway; and expanding a size of the object as the object travels downhole to selectively cause one of the tools to capture the object.
In another embodiment of the invention, a system includes a string that comprising a passageway and a plurality of tools. The system further includes an untethered object that is adapted to be deployed in the passageway such that the object travels downhole via the passageway and controllably expand its size as the object travels downhole to selectively cause one of the tools to capture the object.
In yet another embodiment of the invention, a system includes a string; a plurality of valves disposed in the string; and a dart. Each of the valves includes a seat, and each of the seats is sized to catch an object that has substantially the same size traveling through the passageway of the string. Each of the valves is adapted to control fluid communication between the passageway of the string and a region that is exterior to the string. The dart is adapted to be deployed in the passageway such that the dart travels downhole via the passageway and controllably expands its size as the dart travels downhole to selectively cause the dart to lodge in one of the seats.
Advantages and other features of the invention will become apparent from the following drawing, description and claims.
The manner in which these objectives and other desirable characteristics can be obtained is explained in the following description and attached drawings in which:
It is to be noted, however, that the appended drawings illustrate only typical embodiments of this invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope, for the invention may admit to other equally effective embodiments.
DETAILED DESCRIPTIONIn the following description, numerous details are set forth to provide an understanding of the present invention. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these details and that numerous variations or modifications from the described embodiments may be possible.
In the specification and appended claims: the terms “connect”, “connection”, “connected”, “in connection with”, and “connecting” are used to mean “in direct connection with” or “in connection with via another element”; and the term “set” is used to mean “one element” or “more than one element”. As used herein, the terms “up” and “down”, “upper” and “lower”, “upwardly” and “downwardly”, “upstream” and “downstream”; “above” and “below”; and other like terms indicating relative positions above or below a given point or element are used in this description to more clearly describe some embodiments of the invention. Moreover, the term “sealing mechanism” includes: packers, bridge plugs, downhole valves, sliding sleeves, baffle-plug combinations, polished bore receptacle (PBR) seals, and all other methods and devices for temporarily blocking the flow of fluids through the wellbore. Furthermore, the term “treatment fluid” includes any fluid delivered to a formation to stimulate production including, but not limited to, fracing fluid, acid, gel, foam or other stimulating fluid.
Generally, this invention relates to a system and method for completing multi-zone wells by delivering a treatment fluid to achieve productivity. Typically, such wells are completed in stages that result in very long completion times (e.g., on the order of four to six weeks). The present invention may reduce such completion time (e.g., to a few days) by facilitating multiple operations, previously done one trip at a time, in a single trip.
Regarding use of the well completion system of the present invention, some embodiments may be deployed in a wellbore (e.g., an open or uncased hole) as a temporary completion. In such embodiments, sealing mechanisms may be employed between each valve and within the annulus defined by the tubular string and the wellbore to isolate the formation zones being treated with a treatment fluid. However, in other embodiments the valves and casing of the completion system may be cemented in place as a permanent completion. In such embodiments, the cement serves to isolate each formation zone.
Actuation of the zonal communication valve may be achieved by any number of mechanisms including, but not limited to, darts, tool strings, control lines, and drop balls. Moreover, embodiments of the present invention may include wireless actuation of the zonal communication valve as by pressure pulse, electromagnetic radiation waves, seismic waves, acoustic signals, and other wireless signaling.
In some embodiments of the dart of the present invention, the latching mechanism 110 is static in that the latching mechanism is biased radially outward to engage the mating profile 37 of the sleeve 36 of the first valve 25 encountered (see
In some embodiments, the dart may include a sealing mechanism to prevent treatment fluid from passing below the dart once it is latched with the sliding sleeve of the valve. With respect to
In another embodiment of the well completion system of the present invention, with reference to
In yet other embodiments of the present invention, the valves of the well completion system may be actuated by a network of control lines (e.g., hydraulic, electrical, fiber optics, or combination). The network of control lines may connect each of the valves to a controller at the surface for controlling the position of the valve. With respect to
In still other embodiments of the well completion system of the present invention, the actuation mechanism for actuating the valves may include a set of drop balls. With respect to
With respect to
With respect to
Although only a few exemplary embodiments of this invention have been described in detail above, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible in the exemplary embodiments without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of this invention. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this invention as defined in the following claims. In the claims, means-plus-function clauses are intended to cover the structures described herein as performing the recited function and not only structural equivalents, but also equivalent structures. Thus, although a nail and a screw may not be structural equivalents in that a nail employs a cylindrical surface to secure wooden parts together, whereas a screw employs a helical surface, in the environment of fastening wooden parts, a nail and a screw may be equivalent structures. It is the express intention of the applicant not to invoke 35 U.S.C. .sctn. 112, paragraph 6 for any limitations of any of the claims herein, except for those in which the claim expressly uses the words means for together with an associated function.
Claims
1. A method usable with a well, comprising:
- providing a string comprising a passageway and a plurality of tools;
- deploying an untethered object in the passageway such that the object travels downhole via the passageway; and
- expanding a size of the object as the object travels downhole to cause one of the tools to capture the object, the expanding comprising using the untethered object to wirelessly sense a signal transmitted by the one of the tools and automatically expanding the size of the untethered object before the object reaches the one of the tools in response to sensing the signal.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein
- the providing comprises providing a plurality of tools comprising valves having seats, each of the seats being sized to catch an object having substantially the same size, and
- the expanding causes the untethered object to expand to have said same size.
3. The method of claim 2, further comprising:
- using the captured untethered object to lodge in one of the seats to plug the string; and
- subsequently pressurizing the string above the captured untethered object.
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising opening the valve associated with said one of the seats in response to the pressurizing.
5. The method of claim 4, further comprising treating a zone of the well, comprising communicating fluid through the opened valve.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the using comprises using a receiver of the untethered object to sense a signal emitted by a transmitter disposed downhole near said one of the tools.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein
- the deploying the untethered object comprises deploying a dart, and the expanding comprises radially expanding an element of the dart to cause the dart to lodge in said one of the tools.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the deploying comprises pumping the untethered object downhole via the passageway.
9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
- deploying another untethered object in the passageway such that said another untethered object travels downhole via the passageway; and
- expanding a size of said another untethered object as said another untethered object travels downhole to selectively cause another one of the tools to capture said another untethered object.
10. An apparatus usable with a well, comprising:
- a body adapted to travel downhole untethered via a passageway of a string extending into the well, the string comprising a tool and the string comprising at least one transmitter to transmit a wireless signal;
- a receiver adapted to travel downhole with the body and receive the signal when in proximity to the tool; and
- at least one member to radially expand as the body is traveling in response to the receiver sensing the signal to cause the tool to capture the body,
- wherein the received signal indicates a proximity of the object to the tool.
11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the apparatus comprises a dart and the tool comprises a valve comprising a seat in which said at least one member lodges to capture the body.
12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein said at least one member comprises a fin of the dart.
13. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein
- the tool is one of a plurality of tools on the string,
- each tool of the plurality of tools having an opening being sized to catch an object having substantially the same size,
- the body is adapted to pass through each of the openings when the member is not radially expanded, and the body is adapted to not pass through any of the openings when the member is radially expanded.
14. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the body is adapted to be pumped downhole through the passageway of the string.
15. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the at least one transmitter comprises a plurality of transmitters, and the plurality of transmitters being adapted to transmit signals indicative of identifications for the transmitters.
16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the identifications are unique with respect to each other.
17. A system comprising:
- a string comprising a passageway and a plurality of tools; and
- an untethered object adapted to: be deployed in the passageway such that the object travels downhole via the passageway; and controllably expand its size as the object travels downhole before the object reaches one of the tools in response to the object sensing a wireless signal transmitted by the one of the tools to cause one of the tools to capture the object.
18. The system of claim 17, wherein
- the plurality of tools comprise valves having seats, each of the seats being sized to catch an object having substantially the same size, and
- the untethered object is adapted to pass through at least one of the seats and controllably expand to said same size to cause capture of the untethered object by one of the valves.
19. The system of claim 17, wherein the untethered object is adapted to constrict flow in the passageway through said one of the valves to generate pressure to transition a state of said one of the valves.
20. The system of claim 17, wherein the string comprises a casing that lines a wellbore of the well.
21. The system of claim 17, wherein the untethered object comprises a dart comprising at least one fin adapted to radially expand in response to the dart approaching said one of the tools.
22. A system comprising:
- a string comprising a passageway;
- a plurality of valves disposed in the string and each of the valves comprising a seat, wherein each of the seats is sized to catch an object having substantially the same size traveling through the passageway of the string and each of the valves is adapted to control fluid communication between the passageway and a region exterior to the string; and
- a dart adapted to: be deployed in the passageway such that the dart travels downhole via the passageway; and controllably expand its size as the dart travels downhole before the dart reaches one of the seats in response to the dart sensing a wireless signal transmitted by a transmitter disposed closer to the one of the seats than to any of the other seats to cause the dart to lodge in the one of the seats.
23. The system of claim 22, further comprising:
- another dart adapted to be deployed in the passageway such that said another dart travels downhole via the passageway and controllably expands its size as said another dart travels downhole to selectively cause said another dart to lodge in another one of the seats.
24. The system of claim 22, wherein
- the string comprises a transmitter disposed in proximity to said one of the seats, the transmitter adapted to transmit a wireless signal; and
- the dart comprises at least one fin and a receiver adapted to sense the wireless signal to cause the dart to expand said at least one fin to cause the dart to lodge in said one of the seats.
2223442 | December 1940 | Crowell |
2316643 | April 1943 | Yule |
2374169 | April 1945 | Boyton |
2429912 | October 1947 | Baker |
2458278 | January 1949 | Larkin |
2962097 | November 1960 | Dollison |
3011548 | December 1961 | Holt |
3051243 | August 1962 | Grimmer et al. |
3054415 | September 1962 | Baker et al. |
3263752 | August 1966 | Conrad |
3269463 | August 1966 | Page, Jr. |
3270814 | September 1966 | Richardson et al. |
3285353 | November 1966 | Young |
3333635 | August 1967 | Crawford |
3395758 | August 1968 | Kelly et al. |
3542127 | November 1970 | Malone |
3741300 | June 1973 | Wolff et al. |
3768556 | October 1973 | Baker |
3789926 | February 1974 | Henley et al. |
3995692 | December 7, 1976 | Seitz |
4064937 | December 27, 1977 | Barrington |
4099563 | July 11, 1978 | Hutchison et al. |
4176717 | December 4, 1979 | Hix |
4194561 | March 25, 1980 | Stokley et al. |
4246968 | January 27, 1981 | Jessup et al. |
4355686 | October 26, 1982 | Arendt et al. |
4429747 | February 7, 1984 | Williamson, Jr. |
4444266 | April 24, 1984 | Pringle |
4520870 | June 4, 1985 | Pringle |
4709760 | December 1, 1987 | Crist et al. |
4729432 | March 8, 1988 | Helms |
4771831 | September 20, 1988 | Pringle |
4813481 | March 21, 1989 | Sproul et al. |
4880059 | November 14, 1989 | Brandell et al. |
4949788 | August 21, 1990 | Szarka et al. |
4967841 | November 6, 1990 | Murray |
4991654 | February 12, 1991 | Brandell et al. |
4994654 | February 19, 1991 | St. Louis |
5029644 | July 9, 1991 | Szarka et al. |
5048611 | September 17, 1991 | Cochran |
5183114 | February 2, 1993 | Marshaw et al. |
5203412 | April 20, 1993 | Doggett |
5224044 | June 29, 1993 | Tamura |
5224556 | July 6, 1993 | Wilson et al. |
5242022 | September 7, 1993 | Burton et al. |
5295393 | March 22, 1994 | Thiercelin |
5333692 | August 2, 1994 | Baugh et al. |
5337808 | August 16, 1994 | Graham |
5361856 | November 8, 1994 | Surjaatmadja et al. |
5368098 | November 29, 1994 | Blizzard, Jr. et al. |
5375661 | December 27, 1994 | Daneshy et al. |
5381862 | January 17, 1995 | Szarka et al. |
5394941 | March 7, 1995 | Venditto et al. |
5413173 | May 9, 1995 | Mills et al. |
5513703 | May 7, 1996 | Mills et al. |
5526888 | June 18, 1996 | Gazewood |
5579844 | December 3, 1996 | Rebardi et al. |
5598890 | February 4, 1997 | Richard et al. |
5609204 | March 11, 1997 | Rebardi et al. |
5660232 | August 26, 1997 | Reinhardt |
5765642 | June 16, 1998 | Surjaatmadja |
5848646 | December 15, 1998 | Huber et al. |
5887657 | March 30, 1999 | Bussear et al. |
5921318 | July 13, 1999 | Ross |
5988285 | November 23, 1999 | Tucker et al. |
6006838 | December 28, 1999 | Whiteley et al. |
6009947 | January 4, 2000 | Wilson et al. |
6059032 | May 9, 2000 | Jones |
6155342 | December 5, 2000 | Oneal |
6186230 | February 13, 2001 | Nierode |
6206095 | March 27, 2001 | Baugh |
6216785 | April 17, 2001 | Achee, Jr. et al. |
6220357 | April 24, 2001 | Carmichael et al. |
6253861 | July 3, 2001 | Carmichael et al. |
6286599 | September 11, 2001 | Surjaatmadja et al. |
6302199 | October 16, 2001 | Hawkins et al. |
6333699 | December 25, 2001 | Zierolf |
6334486 | January 1, 2002 | Carmody |
6371208 | April 16, 2002 | Norman et al. |
6386288 | May 14, 2002 | Snider et al. |
6394184 | May 28, 2002 | Tolman et al. |
6443228 | September 3, 2002 | Aronstam et al. |
6464006 | October 15, 2002 | Womble |
6513595 | February 4, 2003 | Freiheit et al. |
6520255 | February 18, 2003 | Tolman et al. |
6536524 | March 25, 2003 | Snider |
6543538 | April 8, 2003 | Tolman et al. |
6575247 | June 10, 2003 | Tolman et al. |
6634429 | October 21, 2003 | Henderson et al. |
6644412 | November 11, 2003 | Bode et al. |
6662874 | December 16, 2003 | Surjaatmadja et al. |
6672405 | January 6, 2004 | Tolman et al. |
6675891 | January 13, 2004 | Hailey, Jr. et al. |
6719051 | April 13, 2004 | Hailey, Jr. et al. |
6719054 | April 13, 2004 | Cheng et al. |
6725933 | April 27, 2004 | Middaugh et al. |
6759968 | July 6, 2004 | Zierolf |
6761219 | July 13, 2004 | Snider et al. |
6880638 | April 19, 2005 | Haughom et al. |
6907936 | June 21, 2005 | Fehr et al. |
6951331 | October 4, 2005 | Haughom et al. |
6994170 | February 7, 2006 | Echols |
6997263 | February 14, 2006 | Campbell et al. |
7021384 | April 4, 2006 | Themig |
7066264 | June 27, 2006 | Bissonnette et al. |
7066265 | June 27, 2006 | Surjaatmadja |
7093664 | August 22, 2006 | Todd et al. |
7096945 | August 29, 2006 | Richards et al. |
7108067 | September 19, 2006 | Themig et al. |
7128152 | October 31, 2006 | Anyan et al. |
7128160 | October 31, 2006 | Anyan et al. |
7134505 | November 14, 2006 | Fehr et al. |
7168494 | January 30, 2007 | Starr et al. |
7191833 | March 20, 2007 | Richards |
7210533 | May 1, 2007 | Starr et al. |
7322417 | January 29, 2008 | Rytlewski et al. |
7325616 | February 5, 2008 | Lopez de Cardenas et al. |
7325617 | February 5, 2008 | Murray |
7353879 | April 8, 2008 | Todd et al. |
7377321 | May 27, 2008 | Rytlewski |
7387165 | June 17, 2008 | Lopez de Cardenas et al. |
7431091 | October 7, 2008 | Themig et al. |
7464764 | December 16, 2008 | Xu |
7490669 | February 17, 2009 | Walker et al. |
7543634 | June 9, 2009 | Fehr et al. |
7543647 | June 9, 2009 | Walker |
7552779 | June 30, 2009 | Murray |
7571765 | August 11, 2009 | Themig |
7575062 | August 18, 2009 | East, Jr. |
7661481 | February 16, 2010 | Todd et al. |
7748460 | July 6, 2010 | Themig et al. |
7832472 | November 16, 2010 | Themig |
7891774 | February 22, 2011 | Silverbrook |
20020007949 | January 24, 2002 | Tolman et al. |
20020049575 | April 25, 2002 | Jalali et al. |
20020093431 | July 18, 2002 | Zierolf |
20020157837 | October 31, 2002 | Bode et al. |
20020158120 | October 31, 2002 | Zierolf |
20020166665 | November 14, 2002 | Vincent et al. |
20030019634 | January 30, 2003 | Henderson et al. |
20030070809 | April 17, 2003 | Schultz et al. |
20030070811 | April 17, 2003 | Robison et al. |
20030090390 | May 15, 2003 | Snider et al. |
20030111224 | June 19, 2003 | Hailey, Jr. et al. |
20030127227 | July 10, 2003 | Fehr et al. |
20030136562 | July 24, 2003 | Robison et al. |
20030180094 | September 25, 2003 | Madison |
20030188871 | October 9, 2003 | Dusterhoft et al. |
20030234104 | December 25, 2003 | Johnston et al. |
20040020652 | February 5, 2004 | Campbell et al. |
20040040707 | March 4, 2004 | Dusterhoft et al. |
20040050551 | March 18, 2004 | Jones |
20040055749 | March 25, 2004 | Lonnes et al. |
20040084189 | May 6, 2004 | Hosie et al. |
20040092404 | May 13, 2004 | Murray et al. |
20040118564 | June 24, 2004 | Themig et al. |
20040129422 | July 8, 2004 | Themig |
20040231840 | November 25, 2004 | Ratanasirigulchai et al. |
20040238168 | December 2, 2004 | Echols |
20040262016 | December 30, 2004 | Farquhar |
20050178552 | August 18, 2005 | Fehr et al. |
20050230118 | October 20, 2005 | Noske et al. |
20060076133 | April 13, 2006 | Penno |
20060086497 | April 27, 2006 | Ohmer et al. |
20060090893 | May 4, 2006 | Sheffield |
20060090906 | May 4, 2006 | Themig |
20060108110 | May 25, 2006 | McKeen |
20060124310 | June 15, 2006 | Lopez de Cardenas et al. |
20060124311 | June 15, 2006 | Lopez de Cardenas et al. |
20060124312 | June 15, 2006 | Rytlewski et al. |
20060124315 | June 15, 2006 | Frazier et al. |
20060144590 | July 6, 2006 | Lopez de Cardenas et al. |
20060157255 | July 20, 2006 | Smith |
20060207763 | September 21, 2006 | Hofman |
20060207764 | September 21, 2006 | Rytlewski |
20060207765 | September 21, 2006 | Hofman |
20060243455 | November 2, 2006 | Telfer et al. |
20070007007 | January 11, 2007 | Themig et al. |
20070044958 | March 1, 2007 | Rytlewski et al. |
20070084605 | April 19, 2007 | Walker et al. |
20070107908 | May 17, 2007 | Vaidya et al. |
20070151734 | July 5, 2007 | Fehr et al. |
20070181224 | August 9, 2007 | Marya et al. |
20070272411 | November 29, 2007 | Lopez De Cardenas et al. |
20070272413 | November 29, 2007 | Rytlewski |
20070284097 | December 13, 2007 | Swor et al. |
20080000697 | January 3, 2008 | Rytlewski |
20080105438 | May 8, 2008 | Jordan et al. |
20080210429 | September 4, 2008 | McMillin et al. |
20080217021 | September 11, 2008 | Lembcke et al. |
20090084553 | April 2, 2009 | Rytlewski et al. |
20100065276 | March 18, 2010 | Fehr et al. |
20100101803 | April 29, 2010 | Clayton et al. |
20100132954 | June 3, 2010 | Telfer |
20100209288 | August 19, 2010 | Marya |
20110127047 | June 2, 2011 | Themig et al. |
20110146866 | June 23, 2011 | Jafari Valilou |
20110278010 | November 17, 2011 | Fehr et al. |
20120085538 | April 12, 2012 | Guerrero et al. |
2529962 | July 2009 | CA |
102005060008 | June 2006 | DE |
2375558 | November 2002 | GB |
2386624 | September 2003 | GB |
2411189 | August 2005 | GB |
2424233 | September 2006 | GB |
0001546 | October 2011 | GC |
2009002897 | September 2009 | MX |
03/095794 | November 2003 | WO |
2004/088091 | October 2004 | WO |
- Thomson, D.W. and Nazroo, M.F., “Design and Installation of a Cost-Effective Completion System for Horizontal Chalk Wells Where Multiple Zones Require Acid Stimulation,” Offshore Technology Conference, May 1997, Houston, Texas, SPE 51177 (a revision of SPE 39150).
- Lonnes, S. B., Nygaard, K. J., Sorem, W. A., Hall, T. J., Tolman, R. C., Advanced Multizone Stimulation Technology, SPE 95778, Presented at the 2005 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Oct. 9-12, 2005, Dallas, TX, USA.
- Rytlewski, G., Multiple-Layer Commpletions for Efficient Treatment of Multilayer Reservoirs, IADC/SPE 112476, Presented at the 2008 IADC/SPE Drilling Conference, Mar. 4-6, 2008, Orlando, FL, USA.
- McDaniel, B. W. Review of Current Fracture Stimulation Techniques for Best Economics in Multilayer, Lower-Permeability Reservoirs, SPE 98025, Presented at SPE Regional Meeting Sep. 14-16, 2005, Morgantown, WV, USA.
- International Search Report of PCT Application No. PCT/US2011/037387 dated Feb. 9, 2012.
Type: Grant
Filed: Nov 12, 2010
Date of Patent: Oct 2, 2012
Patent Publication Number: 20110056692
Assignee: Schlumberger Technology Corporation (Sugar Land, TX)
Inventors: Jorge Lopez de Cardenas (Sugar Land, TX), Gary L. Rytlewski (League City, TX), Matthew R. Hackworth (Bartlesville, OK)
Primary Examiner: David Andrews
Attorney: Rodney Warfford
Application Number: 12/945,186
International Classification: E21B 34/14 (20060101);