Heat assisted magnetic recording transducers having a recessed pole
A heat assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) write transducer has an air-bearing surface (ABS) configured to reside in proximity to a media during use and is coupled with a laser that provides energy. The HAMR transducer includes a main pole, at least one additional pole adjacent to the main pole in a down track direction, a waveguide and at least one coil for energizing the main pole. The main pole is configured to write to a region of the media and is recessed from the ABS by a first distance. The additional pole(s) are recessed from the ABS by a second distance greater than the first distance. The waveguide is optically coupled with the laser and directs a portion of the energy toward the ABS at an acute angle from the ABS. A portion of the waveguide resides between the additional pole(s) and the ABS.
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This application claims priority to provisional U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 61/846,922, filed on Jul. 16, 2013, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
BACKGROUNDAlthough the conventional HAMR transducer 10 functions, there are drawbacks. In particular, integration of the magnetic portions of the transducer 10 with the optical portions of the HAMR transducer 10 may be challenging. For example, the field from the conventional pole tip 32 at the media may not be in the direction desired. In some cases, the field, which is desired to be close to perpendicular to the ABS, may be almost parallel to the ABS at the recording media. As a result, the performance of the conventional HAMR transducer 10 may be adversely affected.
The HAMR disk drive 100 includes media 102, a slider 110, a laser subassembly 120 and a HAMR head 130. Additional and/or different components may be included in the HAMR disk drive 100. Although not shown, the slider 110, and thus the laser assembly 120 and HAMR transducer 130 are generally attached to a suspension (not shown). The laser assembly 120 includes a submount 122 and a laser 124. The submount 122 is a substrate to which the laser 124 may be affixed for improved mechanical stability, ease of manufacturing and better robustness. The laser 124 may be a chip such as a laser diode or other laser.
The HAMR transducer 130 is fabricated on the slider 110 and includes an air-bearing surface (ABS) proximate to the media 102 during use. In general, the HAMR write transducer 130 and a read transducer are present in the HAMR head. However, for clarity, only the HAMR write transducer 130 is shown. The HAMR transducer 130 includes a waveguide 140, near-field transducer (NFT) 144, coil(s) 150 and write pole 160.
The waveguide 140 is optically coupled with the laser 134 and guides light energy from the laser 134 toward the ABS. In the embodiment shown the waveguide 140 directs the energy from the laser to the NFT 144. Note that for simplicity,
The NFT 144 resides at or near the ABS and utilizes local resonances in surface plasmons to focus the light to magnetic recording media 102. At resonance, the NFT 144 couples the optical energy of the surface plasmons efficiently into the recording medium layer of the media 102 with a confined optical spot which is much smaller than the optical diffraction limit. This optical spot can rapidly heat the recording medium layer to near or above the Curie point. High density bits can be written on a high coercivity medium with the pole 160 energized by the coils 150 to a modest magnetic field.
The coils 150 may form a single helical coil or may be portions of two pancake coils. In some embodiments, a single pancake coil may be used instead of two. Further, although depicted as a single layer, multiple layers may be used for the coils 150. As discussed above, a current driven through the coils 150 may energize the main pole 160 to provide a magnetic write field. In some embodiments, the coils 150 on one side of the main pole 160 carry current in a different direction than the coils in the opposite side of the main pole 160. For example, in the embodiment shown, coils on one sides of the main pole 160 in the down track direction may carry current into the page, while the coils 150 on the opposite side of the main pole 160 in the down track direction may carry current out of the plane of the page. As a result, the magnetic field generated by the coils 150 may be additive in the region of the main pole 160.
The main, or write, pole 160 is recessed from the ABS but is still configured to write to the media 102. For example, the main pole 160 may be at least five nanometers from the ABS. In some embodiments, the main pole 160 is recessed by at least thirty nanometers and not more than one hundred fifty nanometers. In some such embodiments, the main pole is at least fifty nanometers from the ABS. The main pole 160 may also be not more than one hundred nanometers from the ABS. In some such embodiments, the target distance between the ABS and the portion of the main pole 160 closest to the ABS is sixty nanometers. In the embodiment shown, the main pole 160 also includes trailing edge (top) bevel 162. In the embodiment shown in
In operation, the laser 134 emits light that is provided to the waveguide 140. The waveguide 140 directs the light to the NFT 144. As discussed above, a portion of the waveguide 140 directs light at an acute angle from the ABS in the region near the ABS. The NFT 144 focuses the light to a region of magnetic recording media 102 using surface plasmons. The NFT 144 thus couples the optical energy of the light into the recording medium layer of the media 102 with a confined optical spot. This optical spot can typically heat the recording medium layer above the Curie point on the sub-nanosecond scale. Write current(s) are driven through the coils 150 to energize the main pole 160. High density bits can be written on a high coercivity medium using the write pole 160 energized by the coils 150 to a lower magnetic write field than would be possible in the absence of heating of the media 102.
The HAMR disk drive 100 may exhibit improved performance. More specifically, the recessed main pole 160 may improve performance of the writer 130. Because the main pole 160 is recessed from the ABS, there may be greater space between the main pole 160 and optical components such as the NFT 144 and/or waveguide 140. Interference in operation of the optical components by the magnetic field generated by the main pole 160 may be reduced. Optical performance of the HAMR transducer 130 may thus be improved. Further, the location of the main pole 160 may allow for a field that has the desired angle with the media 102. In some embodiments, for example, the write field may be closer to perpendicular to the media 102/ABS. The magnetic field may be further enhanced if the turns of the coils 150 on opposite sides of the main pole 160 carry current in opposite directions. Thus, performance and reliability of the HAMR transducer 130 and the disk drive 100 may be enhanced.
Referring to
In the embodiment shown in
The HAMR transducer 130′ may share the benefits of the HAMR transducer 130 and the HAMR disk drive 100. Recessing the main pole 160 may improve the optical and/or magnetic performance of the writer 130. The magnetic field may be further enhanced if the turns of the coils 150 on opposite sides of the main pole 160 carry current in opposite directions. Thus, performance and reliability of the HAMR transducer 130′ and the disk drive 100 may be enhanced.
Referring to
In the embodiment shown in
The HAMR transducer 130″ may share the benefits of the HAMR transducer(s) 130/130′ and the HAMR disk drive 100. Recessing the main pole 160 may improve the optical and/or magnetic performance of the writer 130. The magnetic field may be further enhanced if the turns of the coils 150 on opposite sides of the main pole 160 carry current in opposite directions. Thus, performance and reliability of the HAMR transducer 130″ and the disk drive 100 may be enhanced.
Referring to
As can be seen in
As can be seen in
As can be seen in
The HAMR transducer 230 may share the benefits of the HAMR transducer(s) 130/130′.130″ and the HAMR disk drive 100. Recessing the main pole 260 may improve the optical and/or magnetic performance of the writer 230. The magnetic field may be further enhanced because the turns of the coils 250 on opposite sides of the main pole 260 carry current in opposite directions. Thus, performance and reliability of the HAMR transducer 230 and the disk drive 100 may be enhanced.
The first pole 170 is optionally provided, via step 302. In some embodiments, step 302 includes forming the pedestal 171 for the first pole 170. An insulator may also be provided on the first pole. The waveguide 140 may be provided, via step 304. Step 304 generally includes forming cladding layers surrounding a core layer. An NFT 144 may optionally be provided, via step 306. The NFT 144 is typically a metal such as gold and may include multiple substeps.
The main pole 160 is provided, via step 308. Step 308 includes ensuring that the main pole 160 is recessed from the ABS. Step 302 typically includes multiple deposition, masking and removal steps. One or both of the auxiliary pole(s) 164, 164′, 166 and/or 260 are formed, via step 310. Step 310 is performed such that the auxiliary pole(s) are recessed further form the ABS than the width of the portion of the waveguide 144 at the ABS. The auxiliary pole(s) 164/164′/166/264 are also recessed further from the ABS than the main pole 160/260. The coil(s) 150/250 may then be provided, via step 312. The shield 1702/182 may also be fabricated, via step 314. Fabrication of the transducer may then be completed, via step 316.
Using the method 300, the HAMR transducer 130, 130′, 130″ and/or 230 may be fabricated. The benefit(s) of one or more of the HAMR transducer(s) 130, 130′, 130″ and/or 230 may thus be achieved.
Claims
1. A heat assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) write transducer coupled with a laser for providing energy and having an air-bearing surface (ABS) configured to reside in proximity to a media during use, the HAMR transducer comprising:
- a main pole configured to write to a region of the media, the main pole being recessed from the ABS by a first distance;
- at least one additional pole adjacent to the main pole in a down track direction, the additional pole being recessed from the ABS by a second distance greater than the first distance;
- a waveguide optically coupled with the laser and directing a portion of the energy toward the ABS at an acute angle from the ABS, a portion of the waveguide residing between the at least one additional pole and the ABS; and
- at least one coil for energizing the main pole.
2. The HAMR write transducer of claim 1 wherein the first distance is at least thirty nanometers and not more than one hundred fifty nanometers.
3. The HAMR write transducer of claim 1 wherein the first distance is at least fifty nanometers.
4. The HAMR write transducer of claim 1 wherein the waveguide has a width at the ABS and wherein the second distance is at least as large as the width.
5. The HAMR write transducer of claim 1 wherein the waveguide is an interferometric waveguide including a plurality of arms, the energy from the laser being split between the plurality of arms and directed toward the ABS, the plurality of arms forming the angle with the ABS.
6. The HAMR write transducer of claim 1 wherein the at least one coil carries current in a first direction on a first side of the main pole and in a second direction on a second side of the main pole, the first side being opposite to the second side, the first direction being opposite to the second direction.
7. The HAMR write transducer of claim 1 wherein the at least one additional pole includes a first additional pole and a second additional pole, the main pole being between the first additional pole and the second additional pole.
8. The HAMR write transducer of claim 7 wherein the first additional pole and the second additional pole each adjoin the main pole.
9. The HAMR write transducer of claim 1 wherein the main pole includes a beveled surface and an ABS facing surface adjoining the beveled surface, the beveled surface forming a bevel angle with the ABS, the bevel angle being less than ninety degrees.
10. The HAMR write transducer of claim 1 further comprising:
- a near-field transducer (NFT), a portion of the NFT residing at the ABS, a first portion of the energy from the laser traveling through the waveguide such that the NFT couples a second portion of the energy from the laser to the media.
11. The HAMR write transducer of claim 10 wherein the NFT extends a third distance from the ABS, the third distance being greater than the first distance.
12. The HAMR write transducer of claim 10 wherein the NFT extends a third distance from the ABS, the third distance being not greater than the first distance.
13. The HAMR write transducer of claim 1 further comprising:
- a first pole having a pedestal, a portion of the pedestal residing at the ABS.
14. The HAMR write transducer of claim 13 further comprising:
- a shield having a shield pedestal, a portion of the shield pedestal residing at the ABS, the main pole residing between the shield and the first pole.
15. A HAMR write transducer coupled with a laser for providing energy and having an air-bearing surface (ABS) configured to reside in proximity to a media during use, the HAMR transducer comprising:
- a main pole configured to write to a region of the media, the main pole being recessed from the ABS by a first distance, having a beveled surface and an ABS-facing surface adjoining the beveled surface, the beveled surface forming a bevel angle with the ABS, the bevel angle being less than ninety degrees, the first distance being at least fifty nanometers and not more than one hundred fifty nanometers;
- at least one additional pole adjacent to the main pole in a down track direction, the additional pole being recessed from the ABS by a second distance greater than the first distance;
- an interferometric waveguide optically coupled with the laser and having a plurality of arms for directing a portion of the energy toward the ABS at an acute angle from the ABS, a portion of the waveguide having a width and residing between the at least one additional pole and the ABS, the second distance being at least as large as the width;
- at least one coil for energizing the main pole, the at least one coil carrying current in a first direction on a first side of the main pole and in a second direction on a second side of the main pole, the first side being opposite to the second side, the first direction being opposite to the second direction;
- a near-field transducer (NFT), a portion of the NFT residing at the ABS, a first portion of the energy from the laser traveling through the waveguide such that the NFT couples a second portion of the energy from the laser to the media;
- a first pole having a pedestal, a portion of the pedestal residing at the ABS; and
- a shield having a shield pedestal, a portion of the shield pedestal residing at the ABS, the main pole residing between the shield and the first pole.
16. A heat assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) disk drive comprising:
- a media,
- a slider,
- a laser for providing energy; and
- a HAMR write transducer coupled with the slider, the HAMR write transducer having air-bearing surface (ABS), a main pole, at least one additional pole, a waveguide and at least one coil, the main pole being configured to write to a region of the media, the main pole being recessed from the ABS by a first distance, the at least one additional pole adjacent to the main pole in a down track direction, the additional pole being recessed from the ABS by a second distance greater than the first distance, the waveguide being optically coupled with the laser and directing a portion of the energy toward the ABS at an acute angle from the ABS, a portion of the waveguide residing between the at least one additional pole and the ABS, the at least one coil for energizing the main pole.
17. A method for fabricating a heat assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) write transducer coupled with a laser for providing energy and having an air-bearing surface (ABS) configured to reside in proximity to a media during use, the method comprising:
- providing a main pole configured to write to a region of the media, the main pole being recessed from the ABS by a first distance;
- providing at least one additional pole adjacent to the main pole in a down track direction, the additional pole being recessed from the ABS by a second distance greater than the first distance;
- providing a waveguide optically coupled with the laser and directing a portion of the energy toward the ABS at an acute angle from the ABS, a portion of the waveguide residing between the at least one additional pole and the ABS; and
- providing at least one coil for energizing the main pole.
18. The method of claim 17 wherein the first distance is at least thirty nanometers and not more than one hundred fifty nanometers.
19. The method of claim 17 wherein the waveguide has a width at the ABS and wherein the second distance is at least as large as the width.
20. The method of claim 17 wherein the waveguide is an interferometric waveguide including a plurality of arms, the energy from the laser being split between the plurality of arms and directed toward the ABS, the plurality of arms forming the angle with the ABS.
21. The method of claim 17 wherein the at least one coil carries current in a first direction on a first side of the main pole and in a second direction on a second side of the main pole, the first side being opposite to the second side, the first direction being opposite to the second direction.
22. The method of claim 17 wherein the step of providing the main pole further includes:
- providing a beveled surface and an ABS facing surface adjoining the beveled surface, the beveled surface forming a bevel angle with the ABS, the bevel angle being less than ninety degrees.
23. The method of claim 17 further comprising:
- providing a near-field transducer (NFT), a portion of the NFT residing at the ABS, a first portion of the energy from the laser traveling through the waveguide such that the NFT couples a second portion of the energy from the laser to the media.
24. The method of claim 23 wherein the NFT extends a third distance from the ABS, the third distance being greater than the first distance.
25. The method of claim 23 wherein the NFT extends a third distance from the ABS, the third distance being not greater than the first distance.
26. The method of claim 17 further comprising:
- providing a first pole having a pedestal, a portion of the pedestal residing at the ABS; and
- providing a shield having a shield pedestal, a portion of the shield pedestal residing at the ABS, the main pole residing between the shield and the first pole.
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Type: Grant
Filed: Sep 23, 2013
Date of Patent: Feb 3, 2015
Assignee: Western Digital (Fremont), LLC (Fremont, CA)
Inventors: Michael V. Morelli (San Jose, CA), Lisha Wang (Fremont, CA), Zhigang Bai (Fremont, CA), Hongxing Yuan (San Ramon, CA), Yunfei Li (Fremont, CA), Zhanjie Li (Pleasanton, CA), Matthew R. Gibbons (San Jose, CA), Samuel W. Yuan (Saratoga, CA)
Primary Examiner: Ali Neyzari
Application Number: 14/034,487
International Classification: G11B 11/00 (20060101); G11B 13/04 (20060101);