Raspberry plant named `Gloria`
The present invention relates to a new and distinct cultivar of red raspberry plant named `Gloria`, botanically identified as Rubus idaeus L. The new cultivar is distinguished from other red fruited cultivars by its fruit of bright color, excellent fruit firmness, its very early primocane crop, and high primocane and floricane crop yield.
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The new cultivar `Gloria`, was developed from the hybridization of the selection `H374-2` (an unpatented variety) as the seed plant with the selection `Summit` (an unpatented variety) as the pollen plant. The parents were crossed in the Fall of 1992, whereafter fruit and seed were collected to produce seedlings for field planting in Watsonville, Calif. in 1992. The new cultivar was selected from these seedlings in July 1993 for its early primocane crop and firm, attractive fruit. The new cultivar was grown and asexually propagated by in vitro shoot tip culture, root sucker division, and root cuttings at the Cassin Ranch in Santa Cruz County, Calif., and has been shown to maintain the desired and distinguishing characteristics after propagation over several generations.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONThe present invention provides a new and distinct red raspberry plant named `Gloria`. The cultivar is botanically identified as Rubus idaeus L. The `Gloria` cultivar produces a primocane crop which begins in late June and continues until late October. The floricane crop begins in mid May and continues to mid July. This cultivar is distinguished by its very firm, bright fruit and its short cycle from planting to harvest of the primocane crop, its early primocane crop, and high primocane and floricane copy yield.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGSThe accompanying photographs show typical specimens of the primocane fruit, leaves and shoot of the new variety, in color as nearly true as it is reasonably possible to make in color illustrations of these characteristics.
FIG. 1 is a photograph of a primocane mature leaf and fruit.
FIG. 2 is a photograph of primocane shoot and leaf.
DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTIONThe following detailed description of the new raspberry cultivar, `Gloria`, is based upon observations taken of plants and fruit grown in Watsonville, Calif. between 1994 and 1997, and is believed to aply to plants of the `Gloria` cultivar grown in similar conditions of soil and climate elsewhere.
Throughtout this specification, color names beginning with a small letter signifying that the name of the color, as used in common speech, is aptly descriptive. Color names beginning with a capital letter and followed by an alphanumeric code designating the color according to the R.H.S. Colour Chart published by The Royal Horticultural Society of London, England. Color designations, color descriptions, and other phenotypical descriptions may deviate from the stated values and descriptions depending upon variation in environmental, seasonal, climatic and cultural conditions.
Tables 1 and 2 provide information on the plant and fruit characteristics of the new cultivar `Gloria` compared with characteristics of the unpatented raspberry cultivars `Hertiage`, `Summit` and `Amity`. The cultivar closest to `Gloria` is `Summit` in fruit characteristics and production cycles. Observations of the cultivars were made under similar conditions.
The new variety is distinguished from other red raspberry cultivars by its fruit of bright color, excellent fruit firmness and its very early primocane crop.
The fruit color of `Gloria` is a medium bright red with little post harvest color change. Fruit of `Gloria` is very firm at harvest.
`Gloria` is characterized by a short cycle of days from planting to harvest. The primocane harvest begins in late June which is earlier compared to other varieties that begin primocane harvest in mid to late July. `Gloria` is also characterized by high primocane and floricane crop yields compared to `Amity` and `Heritage`.
`Gloria` is distinguished from its pollen parent, `Summit`, by having an earlier and longer primocane fruiting period, better flavor, and higher yields. The new cultivar is distinguished from its seed parent, `H374-2`, by having firmer fruit and an earlier primocane fruiting cycle.
ISOZYME CHARACTERISTICSIn addition to the morphological description above, the new `Gloria` cultivar has been analyzed to obtain an indication of its genetic makeup to provide further means for identifying the new variety and distinguishing it from some other somewhat similar and/or related raspberry varieties. Specifically, leaf samples of `Gloria` and the unpatented varieties of `Summit` and `Heritage` were analyzed by electrophoresis according to the procedures of J.C. Cousineau and D.J. Donnelly, "Use of isozyme analysis to characterize raspberry cultivars and detect cultivar mislabeling", Hort Science 27:1023-1025 (992). The results of the electrophoretic analysis for the cultivars are presented in Table 3, with the letters representing the banding patterns as described in the above-identified article.
DISEASE AND STRESS RESISTANCEThe cultivar is moderately susceptible to late leaf rust. Resistance is unknown to powdery mildew and root rots. Cold tolerance of the new cultivar has not been established. Post harvest fruit rot resistance is average in comparisons over many selections and varieties.
TABLE 1
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PLANT CHARACTERISITCS OF `GLORIA`
Gloria Heritage Summit Amity
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General
Plant size
medium large small- medium
medium
Growth habit
erect erect semi- erect
erect
Productivity
high medium high low-
medium
Self- self- self- self- self-
fruitfulness
fruitful fruitful fruitful
fruitful
Primocane
fruiting
percent of
.about.50-70
.about.5-20
.about.40-50
.about.20-35
cane flowering
as primocane
percent of
.about.50-60
.about.40-60
.about.50-70
.about.40-50
total yield
Number of
many medium few many
young shoots
Primocanes
number fruiting
10-15 2-14 9-15 6-14
laterals/cane
(mean 13) (mean 8) (mean 12)
(mean 10)
number of
2-4 3-5 2-7 1-6
canes/crown
(mean 3) (mean 4) (mean 3)
(mean 3)
young shoot
weak medium medium medium
pigmentation
intensity intensity intensity
intensity
red red red red
length (cm)
173-222 182-230 137-212 135-208
(mean 197)
(mean 208)
(mean 164)
(mean 168)
diameter (end
of 1st year)
cane base
0.8-1.3 0.9-1.4 0.8-1.3 0.8-1.5
(cm) (mean 1.1)
(mean 1.2)
(mean 1.1)
(mean 1.1)
central 1/3 of
0.7-1.1 0.8-1.1 0.7-1.0 0.6-1.0
cane (cm)
(mean 0.9)
(mean 1.0)
(mean 0.8)
(mean 0.8)
time of shoot
medium very late late medium
emergence
prickles
pigmentation
green- green- brownish
purple
brownish brownish purple-
green green purple
density on
dense dense sparse sparse
young shoots
attitude of tip
downward downward
downward
horizontal
size medium medium medium small
texture soft rigid heavy heavy
presence and
regularly regularly regularly
regularly
distribution on
distributed
distributed
distributed
distributed
petioles
pubescence on
strong absent or medium medium
canes very weak
internodal
distance (cm)
(at central 1/3
3.0-6.0 3.0-6.0 3.2-7.5 3.0-6.5
of cane) (mean 4.5)
(mean 4.7)
(mean 4.8)
(mean 5.0)
lenticels
not visible
not visible
not visible
not visible
Floricanes
number 11-17 10-14 10-15 12-19
nodes/lateral
branch
number of
1-2 1-4 2-6 1-2
flowers/node
Leaves
Arrangement
compound compound compound
compound
Relief between
strong very weak medium medium
veins
Cross section
flat concave flat concave-
flat
Leaflet number
3-5 3-5 usually 5
usually 3
Terminal
leaflet
length (cm)
12.8 14.6 12.4 13.7
width (cm)
7.8 7.8 7.2 12.1
shape ovate ovate ovate lobed
tip acuminate acuminate acuminate
acuminate
base round- acute rounded cordate
cordate
margin doubly doubly doubly doubly
serrate serrate serrate serrate
Lateral leaflets
(basal pair)
overlap overlapping
free overlapping
overlapping
orientation
opposite opposite opposite
opposite
shape oblique oblique ovate- ovate-
lobed lobed
tip acuminate acuminate acuminate
acuminate
base oblique oblique oblique-
oblique
rounded
margin doubly doubly doubly doubly
serrate serrate serrate serrate
length (cm)
11.4 14.7 11.6 11.7
width (cm)
7.8 8.6 7.7 8.2
Rachis length
0.8-2.3 0.8-2.2 0.5-1.8 2.4-3.9
between ter-
(mean 1.4)
(mean 1.5)
(mean 1.2)
(mean 3.0)
minal leaflet
and adjacent
lateral
leaflets (cm)
Glossiness
medium medium medium dull
Color
face medium medium medium medium
147A 137A, 139A
137A 147A
underside
138B 148C, 191B
191B 191A
Petiole
length (cm)
4.9-7.8 6.6-8.5 5.8-8.9 4.0-8.2
(mean 6.3)
(mean 7.6)
(mean 7.4)
(mean 6.0)
pigmentation of
unpigmented
lightly lightly lightly
upper surface
pigmentation
unpigmented
unpigmented
lightly
unpigmented
underside
Petiolule length
very short
very short
short very short
Stipule erect- erect erect- erect-
orientation
relfexed clasping
clasping
Flowers
Flower color
white white white white
Flowering
period
primocane
early June-
mid June- early June-
early June-
mid early mid early
September October September
October
floricane
early April-
early April-
early April-
early to
mid June early June
early June
mid March-
early June
Flower size
large small medium large
Petal
length (cm)
0.8-1.0 0.7-0.8 0.7-0.9 0.7-1.0
width (cm)
0.3-0.4 0.3 0.3-0.4 0.3-0.5
Pedicel
coloration
present, present, present,
present,
medium strong strong medium
intensity intensity intensity
intensity
red red red red
length medium medium medium long
Productivity
Primocane
.about.8.8 t/acre
.about.5.1 t/acre
.about.7.3 t/acre
.about.6.4 t/acre
Floricane
.about.6.8 t/acre
.about.4.1 t/acre
.about.2.9 t/acre
.about.5.1 t/acre
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TABLE 2
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FRUIT CHARACTERISITCS OF `GLORIA`
Fruit Gloria Heritage Summit Amity
______________________________________
Harvest season
primocane
late June-
late July-
mid July-
mid July-
late mid late mid
October November October November
floricane
mid May- mid May- mid May-
late April-
mid July mid July mid July
mid July
Color Medium Red
Medium Red
Medium Red
Medium Red
immature 41B 53A 46A 46A
maturing 47A, 47B 45A, 46D 45A 47A
mature 46A 44C 42B 42B
Glossiness
strong medium medium medium
Dimensions
weight (g/fruit)
primocane
3.0-3.7 2.7-2.9 2.5-3.3 2.7-3.7
(mean 3.3)
(mean 2.8)
(mean 2.8)
(mean 3.2)
floricane
2.7-3.2 2.3-2.7 2.5-2.8 3.0-3.4
(mean 3.0)
(mean 2.6)
(mean 2.6)
(mean 3.2)
length (primo-
17.5-24.6 -- 17.5-25.4
17.5-22.2
cane) (mm)
(mean 21.1) (mean 20.2)
(mean 20.1)
width (primo-
18.3-23.8 -- 18.3-23.0
15.9-23.0
cane) (mm)
(mean 21.0) (mean 20.4)
(mean 20.2)
Soluble solids
9.5 -- 9.4 9.7
(%)
Titratable
12.7 -- 14.5 11.2
acidity
(% as citric
acid)
Seeds
weight (mg)
1.5 -- 1.8 1.5
Number 49-127 45-102 73-119 62-108
druplets/fruit
(mean 102)
(mean 72) (mean 98)
(mean 88)
Firmness firm firm firm firm
Yield high medium high medium
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TABLE 3
______________________________________
ISOZYME BANDING PATTERNS OF `GLORIA` COMPARED
WITH `HERITAGE` AND `SUMMIT`
Isozyme and Pattern
Cultivar PGI MDH PGM
______________________________________
Gloria D C A
Heritage A D C
Summit A C A
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Claims
1. A new and distinctive cultivar of raspberry plant, as illustrated and described herein.
| PP9340 | October 24, 1995 | Wilhelm et al. |
Type: Grant
Filed: Feb 5, 1998
Date of Patent: Sep 28, 1999
Assignee: Sweetbriar Development, Inc. (Watsonville, CA)
Inventors: Carlos D. Fear (Aptos, CA), Mella-Dee M. Mayberry (Georgetown, DE)
Primary Examiner: Howard J. Locker
Assistant Examiner: Wendy A Baker
Law Firm: Pennie & Edmonds LLP
Application Number: 9/19,176
