Abstract: A method for forming a film resistor for hybrid circuits trimmable from 0 ohms to infinite resistance, whereby resistive material is deposited over previously applied conductive material. One edge of the resistor material is flush with one edge of the conductor path and the resistor material extends beyond the opposite side of the conductor path. The resistor is trimmed to value by a laser or mechanically abrading a slot in its center perpendicular to the conductor by simultaneously removing a portion of both conductor and resistive material.

Abstract: A safety razor intended to be discarded after use, comprising a cutting head and a handle. The cutting head includes two oppositely disposed longitudinal surfaces with cutting edges disposed thereon. In order that both cutting edges may be used, the cutting head is rotatably disposed in an extension piece adjoining the handle.

Abstract: Described herein is a novel knife assembly useful in a myriad of kitchen tasks. The article of the invention comprises a blade having a scoring point protruding from the dull edge. Also described is an assembly wherein the blade contains a narrow slit with sharpened opposite edges for peeling.

Abstract: The device which is adapted to be secured between two existing teeth is suitable for supporting an artificial denture to replace an anterior tooth or a posterior tooth. The device is comprised of a backing member having a pair of parallel extendable arms slidably disposed in grooves in said backing member on opposite sides of a pinion rotatably mounted in said backing member in simultaneous meshing engagement with teeth on both arms for simultaneously extending both arms in opposite directions upon rotation of said pinion in one direction. The extended end of each arm is adapted to be disposed in a precut groove in an existing tooth to support the device between two existing teeth. Suitable projections are provided on the surface of the backing member for cooperation with complimentary grooves in the artificial facing. The facing is secured to the backing and the extended arms are secured in the grooves of adjacent teeth by a suitable cement or filling material.

Abstract: A dental occluder comprising top and bottom arms having base elements and matrix supports secured to each of the arms, the matrix supports each being angularly adjustable relative to the base elements and the respective arms, and the matrix supports being readily detachable from the base elements without alteration of the angular relationships of the base elements, the arms, and the matrix supports.

Abstract: Two slides are slidably fitted into each of two through openings extending in a parallel relationship through a base block and two opposite holders extend perpendicularly from outer end portions of both slides. A threaded rod loosely extends through one of the slides is screw threaded into the other slide to adjust a spacing between the opposite holders. The base block is disposed opposite another identical one so that the holders on the former are aligned with those on the latter and have occluding models for the jaws held by their serrated end portions.

Abstract: A method for sequencing the cutting of elongated stock such as boards of lumber having random unusable lengths containing knots, discoloration or the like for reducing waste when cutting a mix or mixture of different grades of lumber into furniture parts by making optimum selection of parts to be cut concurrently, the method including the steps of establishing the required lengths, board footage and quantities of pieces of each length to be cut, determining a value factor for each desired length, determining waste factors for all possible combinations of lengths, establishing the probability of having a given length of usable stock in each of the grades of stock being processed, determining from said required lengths, required quantities, required board footage, value factors, probabilities, grade mix and waste factors, the combination of parts to be cut at one time which results in the lowest waste for the entire cutting.

Abstract: A compass is provided which includes a fine adjustment mechanism comprising lateral spreader bars attached to the respective compass legs and a central drive wheel meshing with the spreader bars. The spreader bars and drive wheel are located in a compass head consisting of front and rear half shells which have lateral guides for the spreader bars and a rotary disc for operating the drive wheel.

Abstract: A length measuring device comprising a housing, a measuring wheel rotatable by displacement of the device, a counter located in the housing and driven by the measuring wheel and sound generating means having two parts connected one to the housing and one to the measuring wheel, the two parts comprising respectively a contoured surface and an element biassed into contact with the surface for repeated deflection by and impact with the surface on rotation of the wheel to provide a continuous audible indication of the correct operation of the device.

Abstract: When surveying a borehole using an instrument responsive to the earth's magnetic field, the assumption is made that the error vector which comprises the difference between the true earth's magnetic field and the measured magnetic field in the borehole is in the direction of the borehole axis. The magnitude of this error vector is determined and used to correct the magnetically measured azimuth.

Abstract: A verticality sensor comprises a casing within which is mounted a rotary pick-off device having a body attached to the casing and mounted on a shaft for relative rotational movement with respect thereto, such movement producing an output signal from the pick-off representative of the angular rotation of the casing with respect to the vertical, pendulum means mounted on the pick-off shaft for relative rotational movement with respect thereto, and inertia means fixed to the pick-off shaft and coupled to the pendulum means through a fluid, with which the casing is filled, and through spring means. The arrangement is such that when the pendulum is subjected to lateral accelerations and undergoes rotational movement relative to the pick-off, the spring means is torsioned and thereby attempts to transmit that rotational movement to the inertia member which the latter resists, whereby the effect of lateral acceleration is reduced.

Abstract: A solid state compass system for use with automobiles or the like. The system consists of a dashboard mounted readout unit which receives signals provided thereto from a remotely located solid state magnetic bearing sensor, the latter being responsive to the earth's magnetic field. The solid state magnetic bearing sensor described herein, includes a pair of Hall effect semiconductors and ancillary electronic circuits. Two ancillary circuit types are described. One circuit is designed to output digital codes indicative of magnetic heading; the other circuit is designed to output two currents which are indicative of sine and cosine components of magnetic heading. The circuit designed to output digital codes includes sinusoidal waveform generators, a binary counter, a differential comparator amplifier and digital latch and decoding circuits. The circuit designed to output currents indicative of sine and cosine components of magnetic heading are comprised of a pair of linear differential buffer amplifiers.

Abstract: An improved defrosting means for a condenser in a freeze drying apparatus including a thermocouple for monitoring the condenser temperature during a freeze drying cycle, and an electric cartridge heater for defrosting the condenser after the freeze drying process, both of which are insertable into the structure of the condenser. The cartridge heater, in association with a highly-conductive woven mesh disposed in the interior of the condenser, provides for a uniform distribution of thermal energy throughout the condenser to quickly and efficiently cause layers of ice and frost on the outer surfaces of the condenser to break up and drop away.

Abstract: An electro-optical apparatus for marksmanship training wherein a simulated cene is presented on a screen by a motion picture projector. The marksman or trainee operates a weapon, which includes a module to develop a laser beam, to simulate firing at a target on the scene. The apparatus provides an improved optical system including a dichroic mirror which permits the light which projects the target scene to pass through the mirror for providing an improved scene illumination while reflecting substantially all the laser beam energy to activate a target hit detector.

Abstract: The disclosed apparatus is a machine of the type for connection to a snow skiing course maintenance tractor. It has freely-rolling rollers for compacting the snow and a plurality of scrapers arranged side by side. The scrapers are pivoted vertically about an axis which is adjustable in height. The scrapers are arranged in front of the rollers.Also disclosed is such a machine with combinations of scrapers and rollers arranged on side by side sub-frames which are connected together by a linkage. When one of the sub-frames is tilted in one direction, the other sub-frame is caused by the linkage to tip in the opposite direction. Means are disclosed for utilizing only one of the sub-frames alone.

Abstract: An apparatus for disintegrating and removing layers of earth, especially under water, comprising a housing in which at least one volute compartment is formed, which is open on the underside and which accommodates a rotor which comprises disintegrators and which is rotatable about an axis that is at least substantially perpendicular to a plane through the lower edge of the compartment. The rotor is coupled to a drive mechanism, the volute compartment being connected near its throat to a discharge system. The housing may be suspended from a moving device.

Abstract: A "stretcher" machine for ironing the shoulder, arm-hole and sleeve of an upper garment comprises a former and a stretcher. The former has an outer shape corresponding to the contour of at least one shoulder for carrying the garment in the wearing position. Means are provided for injecting steam and/or air at least into the interior of the sleeve when the garment is placed on the former. The stretcher is generally elongate and is firmly fastened to the former so as to occupy, in relation thereto, the natural position of an arm relative to the chest. The stretcher is arranged to engage longitudinally within the sleeve of the garment and to match the interior shape of the sleeve by tensioning the sleeve transversely. The means for injecting steam and/or air terminates within the stretcher and the stretcher comprises means for passing steam and/or air to the exterior and to the sleeve positioned on the stretcher.

Abstract: A matrix display comprises an array of display elements arranged in vertical and horizontal rows. Each element comprises a vane pivotally mounted for movement between stable positions in one of which the vane covers a light-transmissive area contained in an opaque member arranged to be illuminated from behind by a first light source and displays a low-reflectance face to an observer. In a second stable position the vane exposes the illuminated area to the observer and also reflects light from a second source towards the observer, for which purpose the vane may be supported at an acute angle to the opaque member. Each vane is fastened to a permanent magnet arranged to cooperate with a reversibly polarizable electromagnet to be moved from one stable position to the other. In one embodiment an array of electromagnets, one for each horizontal or vertical row of shutters, is traversed across the array and the electromagnets are individually selectively energized to produce a required display.

Abstract: A candle box having a solid bottom and back and further including side panels having openings to permit insertion of a candle and to admit air and light therein. A front panel having a transparent member with designs imprinted thereon completes the enclosure. A reflective surface mounted to the back member behind the transparent member reflects a candle placed within the box as well as reflecting the design imprinted upon the transparent front member and light admitted from the sides and top. The candle, the design and reflection can all be seen.

Abstract: In the embodiment of the invention described in the specification, a shotgun includes a bolt containing a slidable firing pin and a spring urging the firing pin away from the breech of the barrel. A shell extractor pivotally supported in the bolt has a retainer which is urged forwardly by the firing pin spring.

Abstract: A nipple usable to ignite a propellent charge in a firearm of the type which employs a percussive firing cap. The nipple includes an elongate body having, adjacent one end, a cap-receiving portion, and adjacent the opposite end, a mounting portion. Extending axially into the nipple, through the cap-receiving portion, is an elongate firing chamber. The outer surface of the cap-receiving portion is dimensioned to receive a firing cap, with the sides of the cap closely confronting such surface. A pair of diametrically opposed ports extend between and open to the firing chamber and to locations on the cap-receiving surface of the nipple, which locations are covered by the sides of the cap when the same is mounted in place.

Abstract: Hooked apparatus for insertion within minnow bait utilizes an elongated body having an axial bore through which a leader extends forward to join a plurality of straight fishing hooks. When in retracted position, these rest, with their eye ends forward of their barbed ends, inside a hollow conical nose secured to the forward end of the body, the hook shanks resting in troughs formed in the forward end of the body leading slantingly rearward to outlets, where the barbed hook ends rest. Tension on the leader drives the hooks outward to project from the body and through the minnow bait.

Abstract: A fishing lure of the type coupled to a fishing line and the shank section of a barbed fishing hook. The fishing lure includes an elongated housing which defines therein a housing void for receiving the shank section of the fishing hook. A small bore communicates through the front end of the housing into the housing void for allowing the fishing line to pass therethrough, thereby allowing the housing to move in a forward direction along the fishing line away from the fishing hook after the barbed fishing hook has been struck by a fish.

Abstract: An artificial fishing lure having a spoon rotatably mounted on a wire, a housing mounted on the wire aft of the spoon and a grooved sinker weight mounted on the wire within the housing is provided such that movement of the lure through the water causes the spoon to spin for increased visibility and the weight to contact the inside walls of the housing to generate sound signals. The lure of the invention is thus visible and audible. In one embodiment of the invention a fish hook is attached to the housing. In another embodiment, the housing is a bell shaped resonator open at the aft portion and the fish hook is attached to the wire just aft of the sinker weight and resonator.

Abstract: Bait is held to the hook by a loop portion of the leader formed by slidably securing the free end of the leader to the shank of the hook and running the opposite end through the eye of the hook. Beads are placed on the loop portion for pressing against the bait to hold it against the shank of the hook. Beads with rubber or other friction material are held on the leader outside of the hook eye such that the leader can be pulled tight to close the loop portion and be held snugly by the friction beads. Other lure material, spoons, weight, etc. can be added to the lure for producing the desired action.

Abstract: An insect capturing and exterminating device comprises a capturing unit actuated to open and close by a hand-operated actuating mechanism, the capturing unit containing an insect exterminating agent therein and having at least one isolation exit leading to a transparent isolation unit which seals off the or each isolation exit.

Abstract: Miniature vehicles operable on a slotless track have their front wheels disposed on a tie bar assembly mounting a permanent magnet. The permanent magnet is disposed to be attracted to either the right or left pole piece of a solenoid. First and second operator applied steering voltages activate a zener diode to switch current through the solenoid to effect right or left steering and lane changing by the vehicles.

Abstract: This disclosure is of a controlled environment agriculture system in which a plurality of plant grow support racks are arranged in an array complementary to that of the lamps which provide illumination for the grow racks, so as to provide two positions for the rack array in each of which positions alternate racks are fully illuminated and the others not. The lamps then may be operated continuously and the rack array shifted between these two positions to provide alternating periods of full illumination and relative darkness for each rack. Means also are provided for improving the uniformity of air distribution to all racks within the array, and for control of humidity within the system by adjustment of the rate of moisture removal by the air conditioners to balance that of moisture addition through plant transpiration.

Abstract: A toy which can be used to instruct people and preferably children, on how to grow seeds and care for the same after they germinate as well as a device which can be used as a novelty item, such as a greeting card whose image will change upon the germination of the seed associated therewith.

Abstract: A hinge mechanism is provided for use with an oven housing having side walls, a rear wall, an access opening opposite the rear wall and a door for the access opening wherein the door is movable through a plurality of positions between a closed position and an open position. The hinge mechanism includes a bracket rigidly mounted to the side wall of the oven structure for pivotally securing the door to the side wall of the oven housing. The bracket includes specifically designed camming surface along the top edge. A lever is pivotally secured to the door and includes first and second arm members. A spring having first and second ends is provided for biasing the lever toward the side wall of the oven housing. The first end of the spring is attached to the first arm member of the lever, and the second end of the spring is attached to the side wall of the oven housing adjacent the bracket. The second end of the lever includes a cam follower for engaging the camming surface of the bracket.

Abstract: An arrangement for the grinding and cutting of rotary profile cutters having, in combination mounted on a base, a first reciprocable table on which is mounted a rotatable platen. A rotatable workpiece carrier assembly is fixed to the platen and these have mutually perpendicular axes of rotation. The carrier holds a collet for the milling cutter blank and a programmable indexer for the angular positioning of the blank in successive position. A second table can reciprocate perpendicular to the first and acts as a support for a block carrying a grinding wheel spindle head. The block is capable of oscillation to either side of a vertical position on an axis parallel to the axis of reciprocation of the second table and the grind wheel spindle head can slide perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the block. A rotatable grinding wheel carried by the spindle head can have its plane of gyration moved to either side of the axis of rotation of the block.

Abstract: A tangential grinding machine has a variable grinding feed rate which is dependent upon the length of the cutting or grinding path which occurs between the grinding wheel and a workpiece. The variable feed rate accomodates fluctuations in grinding wheel and workpiece dimensions to control the grinding time and optimize stock removal rates.

Abstract: A combined fastener and tension indicator means employed for securing the ends of a band having undulations formed therein. The band is employed for retaining insulation panels which have been applied over the exterior surface of a structure to be insulated thereby. The structure to be insulated is caused to expand and/or contract depending upon the surrounding atmospheric conditions. A tension is applied to the band to insure the band always being in close contact with the exterior surface of the structure to which the panels have been applied. The undulations formed in the band together with the amount of tension applied to the band will permit for the structure to which the panels have been applied to expand and/or contract while still retaining the insulation panels in close contact with the exterior surface of the structure to which the panels have been applied.

Abstract: A partition formed of two spaced panels forming outer wall surfaces. The partitions are spaced by a paper honeycomb structure, passages in the honeycomb being substantially perpendicular to the panels. There are elongated H-shaped members fitted on each of two opposite ends of the panels, the H-bar of the members being adjacent the panel end edges. There is a partition stabilizing bar extending centrally between the panels and extending through a space between two sections of the honeycomb. The stabilizing bar is threaded at both ends and secured to and through the H-bars of the H-shaped members so as to prevent bowing or collapse of the partition in the direction of the bar.The method includes the steps of putting the partition together, particularly the steps of inserting the stabilizing bar between the honeycomb sections after they have been secured between the panels and of securing the stabilizing bar to the H-shaped members.

Abstract: An insulated building panel includes a core and overlapping skins, the interior skin at the panel's bottom covering a panel foot plate and the exterior skin at the panel's bottom covering the foot plate and extending beyond to form an erection stop. End panels have relieved core areas for receiving bearing members associated with a wall splice bearing post, and double parallel spaced header beams have offset splice areas within a several panel wall section. Two end panels include improved end structure for forming an improved corner at the panel's intersection. Methods are provided for making and erecting a multiple panel wall section.

Abstract: A ceiling attachment apparatus comprising a ceiling joist including a molded frame member having a .].-shaped section having an open space in the central portion or a ceiling joist including a molded frame member having a section of a shape resembling a lip groove and another plate-like molded frame member having both the sides engaged with the lip of said molded frame member, said ceiling joist having a screw-inserting groove formed on the lower face of the lower side thereof in the longitudinal direction, a ceiling panel disposed along the lower face of the ceiling joist, a fitting fixture, a part of which is fitted on a groove formed on the side face of the ceiling panel, and a screw inserted through a hole of the fitting fixture and pressed and fixed into said screw-inserting groove of the ceiling joist.

Abstract: The efficiency of work for constructing the roof, the external walls and the like of a house will be greatly improved if the architectural material is standardized and designed to minimize the processing which must be made at the site. To this end, there is provided a specific profile of an architectural panel material, i.e. a substantially inverted T-shaped profile mainly consisting of a main body section having an inclined area, and an overlapping head section having an overlapping area continuous with and projecting toward the upper side from the inclined area. Remarkable effects, in addition to above stated advantages, are derived from this profile, such as preventing infiltration of rainwater into the back side of the panel, improved mechanical strength, and an attractive three-dimensional appearance of the finished roof and external wall.

Abstract: A machine is disclosed for packaging a group of beverage bottles, or similar articles, in a wrap-around type blank of foldable sheet material which machine is characterized by a traveling conveyor onto which successive cut and scored blanks are fed and advanced through successive work areas where there are mechanisms for partially folding handle and wall forming panels into which the blanks are divided, which mechanisms include continuously traveling pairs of forming die members which are arranged to move into mating relation against opposite faces of successive blanks so as to fold certain of the panels while the blanks are advanced to a transporting conveyor which carries the partially folded blanks to an assembly area and deposits them on a group of bottles advancing on a bottle conveyor traveling beneath the blank transporting conveyor, mechanism at the assembly area which is operative to seat the partially folded blanks in telescoping relation on the bottles with the handle panels depending between pairs

Abstract: A method and apparatus for packaging compressible fibrous batts and a package of same are provided. The batts are formed by severing a longitudinally-extending strip of compressible fibrous material into batts of discrete lengths with the batts then being collected in end-to-end relationship. The batts are then moved into a loop of a packaging machine, which loop is formed by a belt maintained under controlled tension. The batts are fed longitudinally in abutting, end-to-end relationship into the belt loop which places them under compression as they are wound into a package, with the loop gradually expanding in diameter as the package size increases. Tapes are placed directly around the outermost batt to hold the package in the compressed state and the completed package is then discharged from the machine.

Abstract: A machine is disclosed for filling capsules having first and second sections that are telescoped within each other and which define an enclosed volume in the assembled condition. At least one and preferably a plurality of capsule filling stations are provided in a rotatable table. Each capsule filling station includes a first portion that is rigidly fixed to the table within a bore formed therein. The first portion receives the capsule section having the smaller transverse dimension. A second portion of the capsule filling station is D-shaped and is positioned within the same bore as the first portion. The second portion is selectively rotatable and is arranged to receive the capsule section having the larger transverse dimension.

Abstract: A crop harvesting apparatus for harvesting treeborne crops such as fruits and nuts. A plurality of crop-severing rods extend from a planar support member from which the rods are mounted for rotation. In preferred embodiments, each crop-severing rod includes a crop-contacting surface portion. The rotating rods are thrust lengthwise into a crop-bearing plant and rotated, causing the crop-contacting surface portions to rotate orbitally to contact the crops to sever them from the plant. In one embodiment the crop-severing rods are mounted for orbital rotation on the outer cylindrical surface of a rotating cylinder, and in another embodiment the crop-severing rods extend from an end surface of a rotating cylinder, with the crop-severing rod longitudinal axis offset from the rotating cylinder longitudinal axis. In a further embodiment, the crop-severing rods are of oval cross-section and each rotates about its longitudinal axis to orbitally rotate a crop-contacting surface portion.

Abstract: A structure is provided which may be advanced into the limb area of a fruit tree and which defines a plurality of outwardly opening fruit stem engaging notches. The notches include narrow open outer ends and wide inner ends and are inclined to discourage the entry of fruit bearing stems into the notches as the structure is advanced into a fruit tree limb area and to encourage movement of fruit bearing stems into the notches as the structure is withdrawn from a fruit tree limb area. A first basic form of the invention comprises a manually operable elongated wand-type tool with the notches thereon spaced longitudinally along the tool.

Abstract: An apparatus for twisting a first and second yarn having a parallelogrammatic mounting support for a plurality of supplies of one of said yarns mounted above a twisting spindle carrying the other of said yarns and having a radially open aperture, a takeup means mounted above said twisting spindle, and a U-shaped guide for passing said one of said supplies of yarn from the mounting support to said spindle.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling the driving of an open-end spinning machine whereby driving members such as feed roller, winding roller and draw-off roller are operated at timings optimum for spinning conditions at the time of starting or stopping the machine. Optimum conditions are determined by the amount of yarn wound on a yarn take-up roll of the apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for changing the ratio of the yarn taking-up speed to the number of revolutions of the rotor at the time of yarn piecing and normal spinning. According to the present invention, the ratio of the yarn taking-out speed to the number of revolutions of the rotor at the time of yarn piecing has a different value from that employed at the normal spinning, while the ratio of the yarn taking-out speed to the sliver supply speed is made constant at the time of yarn piecing as at the normal spinning, in a manner such that the spun yarn has fewer number of twists at the normal spinning than that at the time of yarn piecing. The rotor speed may also be simultaneously reduced as the speeds of the take-out and sliver supply are reduced.

Abstract: An event timer device having a plurality of memory counters each for memorizing the duration of a respective event. A selecting circuit selects one of the memory counters corresponding to a selected event having a predetermined duration for operating the selected memory counter to count down the memorized duration of the selected event. A display displays the remaining time of the selected event. The event counter further includes an alarm for generating an alarm signal at the end of the selected event.

Abstract: A time signal generator for generating a television signal to display time with characters, figures or combinations of them, includes means for applying to the time signal a color component varying in a predetermined order with time, whereby the color of the time display is varied in the predetermined order with time.

Abstract: A new and improved means for visually displaying the time of day comprising generally asymmetrical three-dimensional bodies mounted for rotation about a common axis. A base structure houses a standard clock mechanism including three concentric drive shafts, corresponding to the "hours," "minutes" and "seconds" time measurements, respectively. The concentric drive shafts project from the top of the base structure and lie along a common axis of rotation. An irregularly shaped shaft support is attached to the base structure and extends upwardly in an appropriate contour whereby the outer end thereof intersects the common axis of rotation. The seconds drive shaft extends from the top of the base structure and is rotatably supported in a bearing arranged in the shaft support at the point of intersection with the common axis. The hours indicator comprises a first asymmetrical three-dimensional body. The hours drive shaft is in a driving engagement with the hours indicator to rotate the hours indicator 360.degree.

Abstract: Chain links are formed of wire pins by bending each wire pin about work faces of a mandrel with bending tools which engage the pin at the two end zones thereof. The locations of engagement describe, at least during the terminal phase of the bending operation, a circular involute, the reference point of which coincides with the center of curvature of the respective work face of the mandrel.

Abstract: In a method for recovering energy of an exhaust gas from a blast furnace as electric energy by introducing the total flow rate of the exhaust gas into a turbine, the efficiency of recovery of the power energy is enhanced by controlling the attachment angle of stationary blades of the turbine so that the furnace top pressure might be maintained at a predetermined level.