Abstract: A universal joint comprises a first pin disposed with its axis intersecting the axis of a first yoke at right angles thereto, a second pin disposed with its axis intersecting the axis of a second yoke at right angles thereto and positioned at right angles to the axis of the first pin, and a connecting member disposed between the first and second pins. The axes of the first and second pins intersect the axis of the connecting member as spaced apart from each other by a suitable amount of offset. The pins are provided at their opposite ends trunnions of increased diameter, giving the universal joint a greatly increased torque transmitting capacity.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for mercerizing circular knitted articles, continuously as well as uniformly to assure that the circular knitted articles can be impregnated uniformly with caustic solution in a predetermined quantity, and the whole parts of the circular knitted articles impregnated with caustic solution are subjected to the timing treatment under an uniform tension, and the circular knitted articles thus treated are subjected to the rinsing treatment efficiently in a short period of time.

Abstract: In a suction device for removing liquids from textile fabrics, there is provided a tubular body that is adapted to be connected to a suction unit. The tubular body has at least two longitudinal angularly spaced apart passages through the wall thereof. At least three sectors are attached to the outer surface of the body in order to define, with their respective, opposed edges, at least two longitudinal slots that are in registration with the passages in a tubular body. A roller is positioned intermediate the slots and tangentially to the body for advancing the fabric past the slots. A shower head may be provided for ejecting a fabric treating liquid.

Abstract: A safety device for press brakes comprises light projectors mounted on the side of a lower beam of the press brake so as to form a plurality of horizontal light beams extending between a punch and a workpiece, light receivers mounted on the side of the lower beam so as to receive said light beams, and detector means mounted between said light receivers and a safety circuit and adapted to be actuated immediately before the interruption of the light beams when the punch interrupts them with the downward movement of a slide, thereby preventing the stopping of the operation of the press brake.

Abstract: A single electric motor is employed to drive two, separate backup roll supporting shafts which are mounted to rotate about a common horizontal axis. A first, solid, cylindrical backup roll of relatively small diameter (less than 11/2") is secured to one end of one of said shafts for rotation beneath a first grooving roll, and a second, relatively larger diameter backup roll (greater than 11/2" and less than 2"), which is annular in configuration, is secured coaxially to one end of the other shaft for rotation thereby beneath a second grooving roll. Each grooving roll is mounted for vertical reciprocation by springs and by a hydraulic ram supplied by fluid from a separate hand pump. Means is also provided for adjustably limiting the descent of each backup roll.

Abstract: A tube expander includes a housing, a generally cylindrical cage and a mandrel movably disposed within the bore of said cage. The expander further includes an indexing system to automatically axially advance the cage relative to the housing in a step by step manner.

Abstract: A multi station metal forming press comprising: a single reciprocating ram; a plurality of tools carried by said ram in fixed positions relative thereto and individually being disposed at the stations, said tools being mounted for simultaneous movement with said ram jointly the same linear distance, whereby the maximum amount of linear movement of said ram and said tools is limited by the inherent configuration of said press thereby limiting the length of work piece drawing capacity of said tools; a transfer means for carrying work piece sequentially in a predetermined manner to each station; and an additional pair of tools at two of the stations; and means mounting said additional pair of tools on said ram for simultaneous movement therewith but a linear distance greater than the linear distance said ram moves, whereby said additional pair of tools have a work piece drawing capacity greater than that of said tools.

Abstract: The invention relates to the cold extrusion of a part having a polygonal interior and a cylindrical exterior. Instead of the usual process of forcing a polygonal punch into a billet in a single extrusion step, the new method employs a plurality of extrusion steps, first forming a lobed preparatory blank and then in a second extrusion step providing a punch and die combination whereby the external lobes of the intermediate part are forced radially inwardly. In the second extrusion step a polygonal punch is used to provide the proper polygonal interior surface. A cooperating die is provided with an upper lobed cavity for receiving the lobed preparatory blank and this die is oriented with respect to the polygonal punch so that the interior lobes of the die are exactly opposite the flats of the polygonal punch.

Abstract: The invention relates to metal forming equipment. In the hammer according to the invention, an explosion device is provided with a check valve to establish communication of the inner space of the casing of the explosion device with the explosion chamber and to close the explosion chamber after a blow-up of granular explosive. The casing of the explosion device is mounted in a load-bearing frame for axial adjustment to vary the volume of the explosion chamber. This construction enables the amount of charge of granular explosive, hence the impact energy of blow of the upper die against the blank to be varied over a wide range thus resulting in considerable enlargement of manufacturing capabilities of the hammer.

Abstract: The invention relates to metal forming equipment and may be most advantageously used for the manufacture of single-tailed blades preferably for gas turbine engines. The hammer according to the invention has a stationary bed incorporating a load bearing frame carrying a lower die and a hammer cylinder. The hollow piston rod of the hammer cylinder accommodates a hammer body with an upper die, and its upper chamber is an explosion chamber. The invention resides in that the hammer body is mounted in the inner space of the hollow piston for an independent axial movement relative thereto under the action of a hammer piston arranged thereabove in the same inner space. The hammer piston is caused to move by pressure of gases released upon a blow-up in the explosion chamber. The chamber communicates with the inner space of the piston rod through a central opening of the piston. This construction considerably enlarges the manufacturing capabilities of the hammer according to the invention.

Abstract: The described apparatus is designed to be inserted into a fluidized solids temperature calibration bath to eliminate dusting, particle impingement and test instrument temperature environmental problems.

Abstract: Measuring apparatus for quickly checking the damping coefficient of torsion-vibration dampers filled with a viscous liquid and being provided with a swing ring. The basic principle relates to the recognition that there is a well measurable, numerically characterizable relation between the damping coefficient of a damper of a given nominal geometry and the number of vibrations of the freely oscillating system. The apparatus comprises three main units, such as at least one torsional-vibrating system, at least one mechanism producing the free oscillation, and an electronic unit. Each unit is disclosed including optional as well as alternative detail solutions thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for measuring the cooling curve of a test sample of metal or a metal alloy, in particular cast iron or cast steel, for the differential thermal analysis in which the difference of the cooling curve of the test sample of a fixedly given comparative curve which satisfies Newton's law of cooling (U=U.sub.0 .times.e.sup.-t/RC, the U.sub.0 parameter being the maximum value at the point in time t=0 and the RC parameter being the time constant) is formed, said comparative curve being brought to coincidence with a section of the cooling curve of the sample by adjusting its parameters so that the difference can then be formed between the adjusted comparative curve and the cooling curve.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting the presence of volatile, organic substances in gaseous mixtures comprises a filament on which the substances are absorbed when the filament is cold and released when hot, an electron capture device to detect the emitted substances, a primary and a secondary flow of inert gas, and a valve system in which system an inlet valve which admits the gaseous mixture automatically closes when the gas pressure of the gases within the apparatus exceeds the ambient pressure, the presence of the volatile organic substances being indicated by an output signal from the electron capture device. The apparatus alternatively may be used for controlling the flow of gases containing organic volatile substances.The filament may be sensitive to specific vapors.

Abstract: The instrument uses a semiconductor gas sensor element energized with a regulated voltage source and placed in the atmosphere to be tested to generate a signal representative of the concentration of natural gas in the air. A meter displays the signal to determine whether the area is hazardous, and a variable repetition rate blocking oscillator feeding a speaker is responsive to the signal for generating an audible tick rate useful in locating a leak. The instrument is light-weight, portable, easy to use and intended to comply with industry standards as an intrinsically safe instrument.

Abstract: The apparatus described includes a fixed plate and a movable plate mounted to vibrate relative to the fixed plate in a plane parallel to the plane of the fixed plate. The plates are spaced apart so that fluid can be placed therebetween. A drive system maintains the movable plate vibrating at its resonant frequency. The drive system uses a sinusoidal drive with a linear transducer to facilitate determination of viscosity simply by measuring the peak driving force.

Abstract: A system which aids the driver of an automobile in forming driving habits which result in better fuel economy includes apparatus for measuring the rate of absolute pressure change in the intake manifold of the automobile engine, together with a gauge or other visual display which provides the viewer a visual indication of the rate of change of intake manifold pressure. The gauge or display provides the driver with useful information as to the steadiness of his driving, and helps the driver to form the habit of smooth, gentle acceleration and deceleration.

Abstract: A torque meter for a rotating or stationary shaft and capable of providing a visual or electrical output indication of applied torque. An aperture is provided with respect to which a shaft is rotatable, the aperture being angled with respect to an axial marker on the shaft. In the presence of an applied torque to the shaft, the marker moves axially by an amount which is magnified in relation to the amount of twist and sensible through the aperture to produce an indication of the amount of applied torque.

Abstract: A semiconductor transducer comprising an improved strain-yielding body yielding a strain in response to the impartation of a force or displacement, and a semiconductor strain gauge bonded to the strain-yielding body. The improved strain-yielding body is made of an iron-nickel-cobalt alloy containing 28.2 to 31.0% by weight of nickel and 15.0 to 19.5% by weight of cobalt. This iron-nickel-cobalt alloy is initially heated up to a temperature above 600.degree. C. for the purpose of standard heat treatment for removing its internal strain. After the standard heat treatment, the iron-nickel-cobalt alloy is subjected to cold working at a working rate of more than and including 60%, and is then subjected to heat treatment at a temperature between 350.degree. C. and 600.degree. C. The heat-treated iron-nickel-cobalt alloy is shaped into the predetermined form of the strain-yielding body.

Abstract: A nonadiabatic calorimetric technique useful broadly for quantifying the reaction kinetics of thermally unstable solids is based on the distinguishing mode of establishing, under near steady state conditions, a thermal gradient across a reaction sample contained between monitored hot and cold surfaces, stepwise or rampwise increasing the temperature of the hot surface, and quantifying the maximum temperature that is withstood by the sample at the inception condition of a thermal runaway reaction. The critical hot surface temperature recorded by the experiment is a function of the cold surface condition, i.e., the applied thermal gradient. At least two critical hot surface temperatures, which are required for calculations, are generated by repeating the experiment under differing cold surface conditions. Solution of the steady-state differential equation describing the system, utilizing the experimental data, yields the general kinetics of the decomposition reaction of the tested solid.

Abstract: A variable ratio drive transmission driven by a fluid meter has means to vary the output to a counter in accordance with variations in both the pressure and temperature of the fluid and is comprised of a rotatable disc the drive surface of which is in drive engagement with two wheel members, both of which are mounted for adjustment radially of the axis of rotation of the disc member. The drive surface of the disc is in a plane normal to its axis of rotation and is comprised of an elastomer having a high degree of recovery and a high degree of resistance to abrasion. The drive from the meter is through one of the wheel members the radial position of which is adjusted in accordance with variations in the temperature of the fluid being metered.

Abstract: Flow velocity of a liquid stream in a sewer or water pipe or conduit is determined by injecting electrically conductive fluid transversely of the flow and measuring the time for the increased conductivity to be sensed at a given location downstream from the injection location. In conjunction with measurement of flow depth as by bubbling a gaseous fluid into the liquid stream and determining the back pressure applied thereto by the overlying liquid, highly accurate monitoring of flow rate and volume becomes feasible.

Abstract: Various probes which are adapted to measure the liquid level in a vessel including the flow rate through a channel comprise a conductive probe electrode and guard electrode means including a rear portion located between the wall of the vessel and the probe electrode and a lateral portion extending outwardly from the lateral extremities of the probe electrode. The probe electrode and the guard electrode means are separated by interior solid insulation and an exterior solid insulation covers the probe so as to separate the guard electrode means and the probe electrode from the conductive liquid. By driving the guard electrode means at substantially the same potential as the probe electrode, the portion of a conductive coating which has accumulated at the lateral portions of the guard electrode means may be capacitively coupled to the potential of the guard electrode means thereby reducing the adverse effect of a conductive coating which has accumulated at the probe electrode.

Abstract: An electronic thermometer probe assembly dseigned to provide an instrument which is highly accurate and convenient to use. The thermometer includes a probe section having a flexible plastic shaft with a thermistor mounted at its tip. A disposable probe sheath covers the thermistor and flexible shaft, and is replaced after each measurement to ensure that the instrument remains uncontaminated. The sheath is cylindrically shaped, and has an open end which extends onto a conically-shaped retainer for the sheath. The thermometer handle includes an axially displaceable section, movement of which dislodges the sheath from the retainer to enable it to be disposed of conveniently.

Abstract: A scanning radiometer having a series of laminations forming a tightly bonded sandwich structure each being electrically insulated from adjacent ones thereof, said series including a thermometric or thermo responsive material, a heat pump functioning material, a heat sink functioning material, and an insulator functioning material, and in which the thermo responsive material is formed of a set of matrix of thin metal alternately with absorptive or blackened portions, each forming opposite arms of a Wheatstone bridge.The use of the term "thermoelectric or thermoresponsive material" designates a metallic or other electric resistor whose resistance is temperature sensitive and when measured, is an indicator of its temperature. "Heat pump functioning material" is a thermoelectric device that tranfers or "pumps" heat from one of its two surfaces to the other when an electric current is supplied to its terminals.

Abstract: The invention involves a connector attachable to a lance for detachably connecting a molten metal sampler or device thereto. More particularly, the purpose of the invention is to provide a safe and simple method whereby a cast sample for example, through use of an improved connector may be obtained from a flowing metal stream when molten metal is being transferred by pouring from one type vessel to another. The sample may be used directly for spectographic analysis or can be drilled to provide a sample for wet chemical analysis. In addition, the sample may be sawed and polished for use in metallographic study of grain structure, cleanliness, etc. The entire sample can be cast in a two piece mold assembly made of a material with optimum cooling venting and dimensional characteristics.

Abstract: An automatic water/sewer sampler, is a totally immersible, rechargeable battery powered, and of rustproof stainless and aluminum construction. It is constructed so that it may be suspended under water at a raw water inlet or from a ladder rung to hang in a sanitary sewer flow. The bottom fill feature permits taking a sample in a flow level of six inches or less. It is not affected by atmospheric pressure. The samples are collected in vacuum flasks, surrounded by insulation material to protect the biological and temperature condition of the sample until the device is returned to the Department of Public Works laboratory, for analysis. When installed in the field, the device will take a (500) milliliter sample each hour for eight hours, and the knife edge sample flask gate valve will open to accept up to half inch lumps of particulate matter and still shear through to seat and seal.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for a non-destructive continuous automatic quality control system monitoring a stoneware pipe and like objects, where the pipe is excited with a vibration generator up to a resonance frequency vibration, this vibration being measured with a vibration receiver, thereupon being registered and compared with values of a calibration curve. During the excitation and measuring, the pipe is borne on two turn crosses coated with rubber. The resonance frequency vibration is measured at the maximum of at least one antinode of vibration. The pipe is transported by a conveyor belt having rollers. A photoelectric pipe scanning system measures the nominal diameter of the pipe for preadjusting the position of the vibration receiver.

Abstract: The temperature compensation of an ultrasonic measuring device of the concentration of solutions is achieved by application of a reference solution with a maximum speed of propagation of ultrasonic waves and a reference solution with a minimum speed of propagation of ultrasonic waves, by determining differences of time intervals of the speed of propagation of ultrasonic waves of these reference solutions with respect to the measured solution and by dividing the resulting differences.

Abstract: In a test system carrier for non-destructive testing of a workpiece, a test head holder including means for moving a test head of the test system carrier and means for pressing the test head against a surface of the workpiece, the test head pressing means including a compressed air cylinder having a piston, a gimballed support body coupled to the piston for supporting the test head, the piston being actuatable to press the test head substantially perpendicularly against the surface of the workpiece.

Abstract: A pressure indicating device according to the present invention includes a diaphragm assembly engaging one extremity of an indicator actuating means whereby flexing of the diaphragm caused by fluid pressure or other force will induce movement of the indicator actuating means. Movement of an indicator in relation to a fixed delineated face caused by movement of the indicator actuating mechanism results in a visual representation of reading bearing some predetermined relationship to the pressure causing the flexing of the diaphragm.

Abstract: An air pressure gauge comprises a tube of rigid transparent material closed at one end and open at the other for connection to a source of pressure to be measured. The tube has graduated notches along its length and is constituted by at least two cylindrical portions connected together. One portion is adjacent the open end and the other smaller portion extends toward the closed end of the tube. A resilient piston slides in the tube and comprises a plurality of separate coaxial elements of which the outer forms a seal against the inner walls of the tube portion of greater diameter and the inner forms a seal against the inner walls of the portion of smaller diameter. The friction opposing the relative sliding between the two elements is greater than that opposing the sliding of the outer element against the inner walls of the tube portion of greater diameter.

Abstract: A multi-cylinder machine comprises a plurality of cylinders arranged in a casing symmetrically around an axis of rotation with the axes of the cylinders lying parallel to the axis of rotation. Pistons of the cylinders are connected to a common motion transmitting mechanism by means of piston rods. The mechanism comprises an oblique crankshaft and a motion transmitting element including a ring gear in mesh with a ring gear rigid with the casing. At least one of the components of the transmitting mechanism comprises detachable parts.

Abstract: A drive device for the detaching rollers in a combing machine which includes a coupling member having an inner toothed wheel rim with a central axis extending therethrough. A central wheel is carried in the coupling member. The central wheel has an axially located take-off shaft which is used for driving the detaching rollers of the combing machine. Teeth are carried on the central wheel and mesh with the teeth of the inner toothed wheel rim. A first crank arm is provided for reciprocally rotating the coupling member as a second crank arm drives the coupling member about an axis offset from its central axis for imparting a pilgram (about two steps forward and one step back) motion to the take-off shaft of the central wheel.

Abstract: A steering wheel assembly comprising a wheel rim and a tubular member for use as at least a part of a steering column. The tubular member has its longitudinal axis aligned with the center of the wheel rim. A plurality of spokes each has a first portion extending from the rim transversely of the tubular member axis to a location adjacent the axis and a second portion extending parallel to the axis. The second portions are secured within the tubular members. The effect is that the upper steering shaft or tubular member is permanently fixed to the steering wheel resulting in reduced manufacturing cost and reduced assembly time.

Abstract: This invention is in concern of a gear means for control of planet projectors in planetaria which does without a continuous year's axis shaft. The orbit speeds for the respective projectors are derived from the preceding one in such a manner that, by use of planetary gears and by definite transmission ratios of the toothed components, the speed is transmitted from the faster rotating projectors to the slower rotating projectors. The projectors are mounted on discs which are driven at the correct speed. The toothed components of the planetary gears are also seated on said discs. The toothed components mesh with gear wheels which are mounted on a tubular shaft which holds the entire gear arrangement, thus effecting the speed transformation. The inventional gear arrangement is used to simulate planet movements in planetaria.

Abstract: An indexing rotary actuator for applying the torque of a rotatable pivot arm to rotate a member between plural index positions. The forward stroke of the pivot arm drives a slider crank linkage through a four bar linkage to unlock the rotatable member and rotate the member to its next index position. On the return stroke of the pivot arm a spring biased locking arm on the rotatable member is interlocked with the actuator to lock the rotatable member in the index position. Interlock switches are provided to indicate when a rotated member is in a valid index position.

Abstract: A punch guide and stripper is molded from plastics material to the exact configuration of the punch and is supported and reinforced by a rigid punch receiving member to engage a workpiece around the slug to be punched therefrom and strip the punch from the workpiece without bulging or damaging the workpiece. The plastics material is molded in situ around the active end or nose of the punch within a rigid metal punch guide at the punch exiting end of the guide to a height or thickness sufficiently to guide and laterally support the nose of the punch throughout its stroke. The surrounding rigid punch guide prevents lateral displacement or distortion of the plastics material and terminates either flush with or just short of the workpiece engaging face of the plastics material. The active end of the punch is of smaller diameter than the main body of the punch and may have any desired configuration with a shoulder extending from the reduced section to the full diameter of the punch.

Abstract: Described is a hand punch which can be constructed in a narrow compact form and of few and simple parts. It includes a narrow base formed with a plurality (e.g. two) punch pin openings in a straight line along the length of the base, a pair of lever arms pivotably mounted at opposite ends of the base on pivotal axes parallel to the width of the base, and punch pins received in openings in the lever arms and arranged such that a manual force applied to one of the lever arms to move same towards the base, also moves the other lever arm towards the base, and the plurality of punch pins through the openings in the base. The base is preferably constructed of a multi-leg channel member elongated in the direction of its length, the channel member having four spaced legs, the lower two of which define a compartment for receiving the paper chips, and the middle two of which define a slot for receiving the paper sheet to be punched.

Abstract: An electronic musical instrument is of a type wherein musical tone waveforms are stored in a memory as their sampled amplitudes and sequentially and repetitively read out to constitute tone waveforms. A key depression brings forth key code in a digital representation. This key code is used for reading out frequency information from a frequency information memory. The frequency information is accumulated to make an address signal for reading out the waveform memory.When a key is depressed, a counter starts counting and opens a gate for a predetermined period of time. The gate passes a code representative of an interval of a grace note with respect to the note of the depressed key (i.e. principal note) to an addition and subtraction circuit for addition or subtraction between the key code and the code representative of the interval for the grace note. Accordingly, the key code is modified and the desired grace tone is produced.

Abstract: A system for determining orientation or position of a movable supporting structure, such as a vehicle, includes a special inertial sensor unit. This unit includes a single gyroscope hereinafter referred to as a "gyro", with its spin axis mounted in alignment with the sensitive axis of an accelerometer. The gyro and accelerometer are mounted pendulously to rotate only about a single axis which is aligned with a direction of travel of the vehicle or with a projectile launching assembly. In additon to being pendulously mounted as mentioned above, the gyro and accelerometer combination may be rotated relative to their pendulous support, to certain fixed positions, in order to facilitate rapid initial alignment and orientation and pre-mission calibration of the inertial instruments. The pendulously mounted unit is also provided with an optical encoder to indicate the roll angle of the vehicle to which the inertial unit is secured.

Abstract: A Gatling gun wherein a fluid under pressure drives a plurality of double acting pistons to respectively reciprocate each of the gun bolts in the rotor. The gun bolts have respective cam followers which operate in a stationary helical cam to cause rotation of the rotor.

Abstract: A weapon system is provided in a pod envelope having an endless conveyor, formed of a plurality of conveyor elements, and disposed in a two layer, multiturn, helical spiral, with a turnaround and transition between layers at each end, and a gun disposed within the spiral of the conveyor.

Abstract: Automatic or semi-automatic sporting weapon of the type with gas tapping, characterized by the fact that it is fitted with a floating barrel.

Abstract: A reciprocating piston motor has the piston biased in return stroke direction and driven in power stroke by air pressure introduced between the head of the piston and a closure across the end of the working chamber cylinder. A valve which closes an exhaust port leading from the working chamber, is opened at the end of the power stroke by working chamber air pressure and the air pressure is evacuated from the working chamber. The valve is returned to closing relation to the port by the returning piston, thereby resetting the motor for another cycle of operation.

Abstract: A linear fluid-operated actuator includes a casing having a piston assembly slidingly movable in a main cylinder within the casing and provided with force transmitting means adapted to transmit the motion of the piston to the outside. A linear flow control assembly is provided including two valves which are each slidable within a valve cylinder positioned on either side of the main cylinder in coaxial relation and merging therewith. The valves are connected to each other for simultaneous movement and the size of the valve member, the extent of its movement and the position of an inlet and outlet port provided in each valve cylinder is such that the inlet in one cylinder is closed while its outlet is open, and the inlet of the other cylinder is open while its outlet is closed and communication between them is prevented. A retainer is provided for the valve assembly in either of its end positions and a spring is positioned between the piston and each valve.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the continuous manufacture under sterile or at least non-pyrogenous conditions of plastic bags provided with connecting nipples to be used for the storage of blood plasma or serum, milk and other vulnerable liquids.For the welding of connecting nipples to the outer wall of the bag a counter-electrode is employed and is inserted into the bag's interior. Normally the plastic bags are formed out of an extruded plastic tube after it has been flattened and coiled to a spool.The present method starts from a wider flat tube than that used in the prior art and which has a width equal to the length dimension of the bag to be made so the bag is open at its sides. A counter electrode formed as a sliding-block is located in the interior of the tube whose leading end is closed now. The sliding-block is displaced in a direction towards the spool and each time that the welding of the connecting nipples onto a given bag is completed, the sliding-block is passed to the next bag to be treated.

Abstract: A portable barbecue unit mounted on wheels in the form of a rectangular shaped housing, open to the top, with a grill detachably mounted on a pair of external vertically slidable members that are pivotally mounted to a handle structure extending from an end of the housing. The handle structure is pivotally mounted to the housing through slots in the handle arms so that the grill may be elevated by downward manual pressure on the handle and tilted as desired with respect to the horizontal plane. A slidable tray is mounted beneath a grate in the housing, with the tray serving to catch ashes. A pair of shelf members are slidably mounted to the bottom of the housing to form opposed shelves when each is extended beyond the respective end of the housing.

Abstract: An "extrusion" type baler controls bale density by regulating the size of the discharge orifice of the bale case, and the "squeeze" cylinders which provide power for changing the size of the orifice are hydraulically connected to a special pump associated with the plunger of the machine so that pressurized oil is added to or taken away from the cylinders depending upon the resistive force encountered by the plunger and its pump during the compaction stroke. The loader which stuffs a new charge of material up into the baling chamber ahead of the retracted plunger may, under certain circumstances, fail to load a new charge of material.

Abstract: The reciprocating slide of a mechanically driven press has a ball and socket type interconnection with the connecting rod of the press drive mechanism. The socket component of the interconnection provides a rotatable adjusting screw threadedly interengaged with an annular piston received in a cylinder component on the slide. A locking nut threadedly engages the adjusting screw and is rotatable relative thereto and to the piston to lock the adjusting screw against displacement relative to the piston. During normal press operation the locking nut is biased against a shoulder on the cylinder by hydraulic fluid under pressure in a variable volume chamber between the piston and cylinder components. In response to an overload on the slide, a pressure responsive relief valve releases hydraulic fluid from the chamber and enables relative movement between the piston and cylinder components and thus between the slide and connecting rod.