Abstract: An apparatus to circulate and regulate the flow of cold air from the exterior of a building having a cold room to the cold room to supplement the refrigeration of the cold room provided by the usual refrigeration equipment. Duct work is provided to carry cool air from the exterior of the building to the cold room, and further duct work is provided to exhaust air from the cold room. One or more blowers operate in conjunction with the duct work to circulate the air through the duct work and through the cold room. The blowers are controlled by temperature controls such that the apparatus can operate only when the temperature outside is below a high temperature limit, and does operate when the temperature in the cold room approaches or exceeds an upper temperature boundary to introduce cold air into the room until a lower temperature boundary is reached.

Abstract: The invention relates to controls for a refrigeration assembly of the type having freezer and utility compartments with the freezer compartment having the greater cold requirement. The compartment evaporators are in parallel fluid flow lines with an electrically operated blocking device such as a PTC resistor being in the utility compartment line. Thermostats in the two compartments control the flow of refrigerant to the two compartments in a manner such that at the beginning and end of a cycle both compartments are supplied with refrigerant fluid while during the middle part of the cycle only the freezer compartment is supplied with refrigerant fluid.

Abstract: An air heating and cooling system for a building includes an expansion-type refrigeration circuit and a heat engine. The refrigeration circuit includes two heat exchangers, one of which is communicated with a source of indoor air from the building and the other of which is communicated with a source of air from outside the building. The heat engine includes a heat rejection circuit having a source of rejected heat and a primary heat exchanger connected to the source of rejected heat. The heat rejection circuit also includes an evaporator in heat exchange relation with the primary heat exchanger, a heat engine indoor heat exchanger, and a heat engine outdoor heat exchanger. The indoor heat exchangers are disposed in series air flow relationship, with the heat engine indoor heat exchanger being disposed downstream from the refrigeration circuit indoor heat exchanger.

Abstract: A material handling system is provided for preventing direct contact between products as they are successively fed through a contact plate freezer. Each successively fed product is encompassed by a framelike member prior to entering the freezer. Each framelike member is of substantially rigid construction and has sidewalls having a height substantially equal to the height of the encompassed product. As the encompassed products are fed through the freezer, the framelike members of successive products abut one another. Upon being discharged from the freezer, the framelike member is removed from the frozen product.

Abstract: An absorption refrigerating system for use with refrigerant and inert auxiliary gas. The system includes a generator, a condenser, an evaporator structure and an absorber in circuit with each other. The evaporator structure is arranged to effect a two-stage precooling operation including precooling of the incoming weak auxiliary gas and liquid refrigerant, utilizing for the final precooling of the gas evaporation of a part of the refrigerant into a small partial stream of weak gas and to effect final precooling of the liquid refrigerant by leading it in contracurrent to the gas through a flat evaporator coil such as utilized for cooling the freezer compartment of a refrigerator.

Abstract: This specification discloses a cryostat assembly for a refrigerated infrared detector unit which includes an interior recess having therein a coolant conduit. The recess is partly bounded by a cylindrical wall and the coolant conduit has an exit nozzle which releases coolant tangential to the wall so that the noise of the coolant impact against the walls of the recess is reduced. Further, the coolant conduit is electrically conductive and has sufficient surface area to remove electrostatic charge from the coolant. The reduction of acoustical noise of the coolant impact against the recess walls and the discharge of an electrically charged coolant permits elimination of an electrically conductive coating on the walls of the recess and greatly simplifies production. Still further, the positioning of the coolant conduit and coils abutting the recess boundary serves to support and position the conduit exit nozzle.

Abstract: An inspissate of a solution having a solvent which can be crystallized out by cooling is passed into contact with an internally cooled surface through which a coolant is circulated. Relative vibration is established between the solution to be cooled and the surface with at least the vibration of the surface being interrupted periodically or aperiodically. The solution and the surface can be vibrated separately in alternating periods.

Abstract: The sliding support connection of the inner rotor to the rotating outer rotor and stub shaft of the generator power train is closed by a flexible diaphragm which has protruding axially therefrom a plurality of integrally attached fingers. These fingers, at an outside radial surface, bear into a complementary cylindrical cavity in the end of the stub shaft having female spline receiving concavities. The fingers on their inside dimension define a frustoconical surface which bears against a spring loaded frustoconical mandrel, preferably loaded by a Belleville spring. During thermal axial excursion incident to cool down, the fingers by sliding into and out of the spline concavities in the stub shaft accommodate relative axial movement of the inner rotor relative to the outer rotor. During on-line operation of the rotor, the fingers maintain a positive and nonsliding fit with the stub shaft so that by positive outward pressure at the fingers, slip and fretting corrosion of the fingers and stub shaft is prevented.

Abstract: The joint comprises a tripod connected to one of the two shafts to be coupled by the joint and defining three trunnions on which three part-spherical rollers are mounted. A second member of the joint is connected to the other shaft and defines three raceways in which the rollers are received. The tripod constitutes a member which is distinct from the shaft associated with the tripod and is connected to this associated shaft by an auxiliary homokinetic coupling. The latter is capable of operating at an angle of displacement which is small relative to the maximum angle of displacement of the two shafts coupled by the joint.

Abstract: The invention relates to movable stitch cams for circular knitting machines wherein the stitch adjustment is effected by rotation of the cam around an axis of rotation and wherein the main portion of the active portion of the cam lies on an arc of a circle having its center on the axis of rotation of the cam.

Abstract: A needle bed for flat knitting machines is provided wherein the needle bed is assembled from a plurality of firmly compressed, plate-like webs arranged in a regularly alternating manner so that webs having the smaller height and forming the base of the needle bed grooves, alternate with plates having a greater height and forming the needle bed web surfaces. The plurality of webs are pressed together with the aid of tightening means to form a solid pack. The pack is inserted, with the aid of at least one longitudinal mounting groove, into a trough shaped sheet steel section which extends in the longitudinal direction of the needle bed. The pack and section are firmly clamped together and the cavities between the webs and the steel sheet section are filled with a synthetic resin based metal glue.

Abstract: The knitting needle is provided with a hook which is so shaped that in lateral cross-section more of the hook wire than usual is located near the inner periphery of the hook bend so as to decrease the maximum stress levels generated in the hook when compared to conventional needle hooks.

Abstract: A device for printing in a continuous manner upon a web of textile material by sublimation of the dyestuff of a dyestuff carrier which is pressed against the web of textile material and which during the printing operation is by a pressure belt pressed into engagement with a heated surface of a drum over which the dyestuff carrier passes. The pressure belt is permeable to air and other gaseous substances whereas the heated engaging surface of the drum or the dyestuff carrier is air or gas impermeable.According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the above mentioned device that region of the pressure belt which is in heating contact with the drum is in communication with a vacuum or is under atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A door latch for a fire extinguisher cabinet including in combination a cabinet having a hinge mounted door. A lock is mounted on the door with the lock having a latch extending therefrom engageable with a portion of the cabinet, the latch made of yieldable material whereby when the door is pulled outwardly of the cabinet the latch yields and bypasses the portion of the cabinet thereby allowing an opening of the door.

Abstract: In a method of continuously plating wire electrolytically, acid crystal and liquid residues originating from the plating bath form on the wire. In order to remove these residues from the surface of the wire, the method of the invention comprises mechanically treating the surface of the wire while supplying a liquid to the wire prior to the mechanical treatment. The wire undergoes treating in the presence of the supplied liquid and the composition of the liquid and residues in such that the residues are not dissolved or emulgated in the liquid. The liquid with the residues can be collected and the residues separated from the liquid so that the liquid can be recycled back to the stage of mechanical treatment of the wire in a closed circuit.

Abstract: A skew rolling mill is provided with a deforming smoothing means in contact with the stock immediately beyond the working rollers to remove markings. The deforming means is supported in a support which rotates about the axis of the stock.

Abstract: A necking-out tool for forming cylindrical nipples or necks on the circumferential surface of pipelines, containers and the like. The tool is provided with a screw plug having a hook-shaped forming head and a thrust sleeve fitted with a coaxial downholder flange cooperating with the forming head and the screw plug. The thrust sleeve has a hollow cylindrical interior corresponding to the forming head for the reception of the formed neck. A holding appliance resembling tongs is connected to the downholder flange and the thrust sleeve by a hinge. The holding appliance is adapted to be applied at right angles or from the side of the pipeline. One jaw of the tongs terminates at the hinge and the other jaw forms a trough-shaped support for the pipeline on the side opposite the hinge.

Abstract: A remotely operated tool and tool support for positioning heat exchanger tube ends within a tube sheet of a steam generator and expanding the tube end into intimate contact with the tube sheet. The tool includes a tool head for insertion into the vertically extending tubes and a drive means which is supported horizontally by the tool support. The tool head is supported for vertical movement with respect to the drive means and right angle gear means are interposed therebetween in a vertically movable mount to permit such relative movement. Switch means responsive to the relative positions of the tool head, drive means, and right angle gear means indicate each is in a proper position to initiate or terminate the operation of the tool.

Abstract: In a rotary pipe bending machine in which the pipe is clamped against a rotary bend die by a clamp die and the two dies are rotated together while a rear section of the pipe is pressed by a pressure die, the clamp die is adjustably mounted for motion tangentially of the bend die. The clamp die can be driven between a first position in which it is spaced forwardly of the bend die axis and forwardly of the bend die, and a second position in which it is positioned substantially at a point of tangency between the pipe to be bent and the bend die. The position of the clamp die is chosen according to the length of the straight portion of the pipe between a previous bend and the point at which the next bend is to be made.

Abstract: A pierced billet is fed through a plug rolling mill, equipped with a plurality of grooves. Initial rolling is effected in conventional manner, i.e. the shell is (i) rammed over a forming plug mounted on the front end of a mandrel, (ii) drawn over the plug by the work rolls, (iii) removed from the mandrel and (iv) returned to the entering side of the mill. Rather than effecting a second pass on the shell in the same roll groove, the shell is transferred to an adjacent receiving trough, aligned with a second groove of the same work roll. A second shell is then placed on the trough aligned with the first roll groove, thereafter the first shell is given a second pass in conjunction with the first pass of the next shell. Because of the use of more than one groove for subsequent passes, each roll pass can be contoured to suit the reduction desired.

Abstract: A roll-through cold forming apparatus adapted to form simultaneously a plurality of either external or internal straight spline or gear type teeth on a cylindrical workpiece carried on a movable ram. In one embodiment the apparatus includes a plurality of radially disposed pivotally mounted teeth forming blades which are disposed around the axis of movement of a linearly movable ram, whereby when the ram moves in one direction past the teeth forming blades, the blades are engaged by an interference contact with the workpiece carried on the ram, and the teeth forming blades are moved over the external surface of the workpiece in a rolling contact action so as to displace the material of the workpiece between each tooth forming edge of each of the blades. The material on the external surface of the workpiece is formed around the radius of each of the tooth forming edges of each of the forming blades on a line with the configuration of each tooth forming edge.

Abstract: A technique and device for correcting front end misalignment resulting from bent or twisted front axle assemblies which may be performed without dismantling the front end of the vehicle. The apparatus includes means for laterally clamping the axle assembly and means for applying a bending force to the axle at a position laterally displaced from that of the clamping means. A base assembly is utilized to support the axle at its normal height after the wheel has been removed. A novel breast plate is utilized to support the base of a horizontally disposed hydraulic jack which provides the desired camber correction. Preferred embodiments are particularly designed to be utilized with Volkswagen automobiles.

Abstract: A hammer comprises a bed in the guides of which is mounted a frame, the latter being supported on cushions. The frame mounts a hammer head provided with a dirve for imparting thereto an axial reciprocating motion. The hammer head drive includes a power cylinder with a piston and a piston rod. The hammer head is located in a central hole provided in the piston rod and has a working tool which is attached to the lower end thereof and is situated above a die block.The stroke of the piston exceeds the distance between the die block and the lower end of the piston rod. With the piston in the lowermost position, the piston rod in conjunction with the surface of the die block forms a closed zone around the hammer head, in which zone deformation of the blank is effected. The hammer head is provided with a mechanism for retention thereof in the initial position. Provision is also made for a mechanism for lifting the hammer head into the initial position after a blow.

Abstract: A vehicle engine exhaust mounted oxygen sensor of the type producing an internally generated signal voltage and having a variable internal impedance is connected in series with a reference impedance and a semiconductor switch, the semiconductor switch having an impedance which may become large when current therethrough is very low. A constant current source is connected to supply current to the junction of the sensor and reference impedance at one sensor terminal and thus guarantee a minimum current and small switch impedance when the sensor impedance is large. Further apparatus samples the magnitudes of the voltage at the one sensor terminal with the semiconductor switch in its conducting and non-conducting states, the ratio of said magnitudes varying with sensor impedance. The ratio can be compared with one or more references to provide a warm sensor signal or control the operation of a sensor heater.

Abstract: Device for collecting air-borne dust samples on a membrane in an even distribution which enables X-ray diffraction analysis of the collected samples.

Abstract: A plugging meter for automatically measuring the impurity concentration in a liquid metal is designed to have parallel passages including a cooling passage provided with a plugging orifice and with a flow meter, and a by-pass passage connected in series to a main passage having another flow meter, so that the plugging points may be obtained from the outputs of both flow meters. The plugging meter has a program signal generator, a flow-rate ratio setter and a comparator, and is adapted to change the temperature of the plugging orifice in accordance with a predetermined pattern or gradient, by means of a signal representative of the temperature of plugging orifice and a flow-rate ratio signal obtained from the outputs of both flow meters. This plugging meter affords an automatic and accurate measurement of a multi-plugging phenomenon taking place at the plugging orifice.

Abstract: An on-line particle size analyzer which is able to take measurements on material flowing along a line in real time and thus enable automatic process controls to be effected. The apparatus periodically takes a sample of material, dilutes it to a predetermined concentration in a turbidimeter, and then passes it to one of a number of vertical sedimentation cells in which a particle size analysis is carried out. Each sedimentation cell is formed simply as an enlarged part of a line passing from the turbidimeter around a loop back to the turbidimeter and, in order to fill the respective sedimentation cell, the sample is pumped round the loop until steady-state conditions have been reached, whereupon the flow is stopped and measurements begun. When the measurements, which are carried out by optical means, are completed, the whole loop, including the sedimentation cell is automatically flushed out.

Abstract: A machine for testing the sharpness of knives, particularly surgical knives, in which means is provided for grasping a cylindrical rod of material such as rubber or plastic so that a free end protrudes from the grasping mechanism, and means is provided for rotating the rod. A knife blade to be tested is mounted in a pivoted fixture which carries a predetermined weight and can be positioned so that the cutting edge of the blade rests in the side of the protruding end of the cylindrical rod. When the rod is rotated, the blade cuts into the rod, and the sharpness of the blade is determined by the number of turns required to cut through the rod.

Abstract: The relative fuel consumption of an internal combustion engine, i.e., the fuel consumption per unit time or unit distance, is determined on the basis of measurements to ascertain the exhaust gas temperature. Based on the existing functional relationship between the exhaust gas temperature and fuel consumption, the measured exhaust gas temperature is combined with a signal related to engine speed and is used to provide a datum related to the fuel consumption per unit time. A transducer which detects the distance traveled by the vehicle is used to control an integrating circuit which generates a signal related to the fuel consumption per unit distance traveled. The signals may be used for visual displays to the operator or automatic control of other engine subsystems, for example exhaust gas recycle systems or fuel supply systems.

Abstract: To prevent friction forces from falsifying output readings obtained upon lication of load between a base plate (1) and a load support plate (2), the base plate and the load support plate are rigidly connected by posts extending from one of the plates to an intermediate coupling element (3) and spokes extending from the coupling element (3) to the other one of the plates, bending deformation strain gauges being applied to the spokes and to the posts, respectively, so that forces applied in any direction will cause bending deformation of the spokes and posts, respectively, which can be evaluated with respect to the applied force.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring an unknown quantity of heat in a measuring zone formed by a vessel of good thermal conducting properties is carried out in such a manner that the measuring zone is supplied with a known quantity of heat and the quantity of heat of the measuring zone is given off to a cold zone, that the temperature of the measuring zone is always kept equal to the temperature of the environment and at the same time the dissipation of heat is kept constant by keeping the difference between the temperature of the measuring zone and the temperature of the cold zone always the same, and that the known quantity of heat supplied to the measuring zone is measured at a point outside of the vessel when the unknown quantity of heat is absent and when it is present, the difference between the known quantity of heat in the absence of the unknown quantity of heat on the one hand and the known quantity of heat in the presence of the unknown quantity of heat on the other hand being the measurement result

Abstract: A centrifugal separator is disclosed as mounted in the steam drum of a utility boiler receiving a mixture of vapor and liquid. Instrumentation is connected to respond to pressure drops associated with the separator to manifest the flow of the mixture and the flow of each separate fluid of the mixture.

Abstract: An apparatus for indicating the quantity of fuel in a vehicle. A variable resistance device, consisting of a bar resistor having its ends short-circuited and a slide, provided with a float, mounted on a guide bar, converts changes in fuel quantity into changes in electrical resistance which are indicated by a fuel gauge. The variable resistance device has a non-linear change in resistance with the maximum resistance when the slide is positioned at the middle part of the resistor. The pointer of the fuel gauge moves in one direction and then reverses direction in response to the non-linear resistance change, with the one-half tank level being the turning point. A lamp in the fuel gauge is actuated by a detection switch when the one-half tank level is reached so that the lamp indicates to the vehicle operator that the gauge is measuring the remaining one-half of the fuel.

Abstract: A precision liquid pipetting device having an elongated barrel, a pipette tube mounted to one end of the barrel and a plunger assembly carried in part within the barrel and including a plunger tip reciprocable within the pipette tube to draw liquid into and to dispense liquid from the pipette tube, the improvement comprising a finger button removably secured to the plunger assembly on one end and an adjustable stop mounted on said finger button for limiting movement of said plunger assembly and providing precise control of the amount of fluid dispensed from the pipette tube. In addition, a body extension assembly is provided to adapt the pipetting device for connection to a valve body.

Abstract: A pressure transducer comprises two similar resonantly vibratable cylinders, one disposed coaxially inside the other and each having its own resonant vibration excitation system. A pressure P1 is applied to the inside of the inner cylinder and to the outside of the outer cylinder, while a pressure P2 is applied between the cylinders, whereby the difference in the respective vibration frequencies of the cylinders is dependent on the pressure difference P1-P2. Either P1 or P2 can be a reference pressure, e.g., a vacuum for an absolute pressure version of the transducer. Alternatively, either P1 or P2 can be atmospheric pressure, so that the transducer operates as a gauge pressure transducer.

Abstract: In an engine starter gearing comprising a pinion and a sleeve which are connected by an overrunning clutch, the pinion has a tubular extension which is rotatably received within an axial bore portion of the sleeve in order to center the outer casing of the said clutch which is solid with the pinion, with respect to the inner race of said clutch which is formed on the sleeve, independently of the shaft on which the pinion and sleeve are supported.

Abstract: An improved toggle switch seal for sealing the opening in a panel through which the toggle switch projects. As contrasted with prior art devices, the portion of the seal surrounding the toggle is relatively thick-walled to prevent ballooning, and is provided with plural annular thin-walled sections to facilitate easy lateral flexing of the seal with movement of the switch toggle, with minimum back-torque tending to return the switch to its initial position. As distinguished with stretching of the thin-walled sections, common in prior art devices, with lateral movement, the seal tends to execute a folding motion in the thin-walled sections tending to reduce the generated resilient forces tending to restore the seal to unstressed condition.

Abstract: An adapter for reciprocal lever friction drive mechanism comprises one first element as driven-driver, and one second element as the driver. The adapter consists of a pair of mechanism, one fixed at one end of the drive shaft, and the other fixed at the other end of the drive shaft, on which means of transmission of power generated is fitted. Each first element has a band shell for cylindrical friction drive engagement means fixed to it. Adjacent to each first element is disposed a second element coaxial with the first element. Each second element consists of a plural number of links pivoting about the drive shaft, and connecting with cams substantially engaging the cylindrical friction drive engagement means, and the cams pivoting on pinshafts disposed on the links.

Abstract: A sheave for a speed variator comprising a fixed and a movable side mounted for rotation with a common shaft. A diaphragm spring urges the movably slide towards the fixed side to clamp a V-belt therebetween. The fixed side may be removed and turned around and then tightened with its own threaded fastener on the shaft to urge the movable side against the force of the diaphragm spring to a retracted position. A retaining member, e.g. a screwdriver, cooperates with the movable side to temporarily hold the same in its retracted position while the fixed side is removed again and turned around and secured by the threaded member in its normal position. The V-belt is then repositioned between the side and the retaining member released. Alternatively, the retaining member may be released automatically, e.g. centrifugally, when the variator is set into motion again.

Abstract: A mode change-over device for a recording and/or reproducing apparatus includes plural push buttons depressible into different operative positions; a mode selecting lever movable to plural positions in accordance with the selective depression of the push buttons; a mode change-over lever movable to plural operative positions in accordance with the movement of the mode selecting lever; and a drive mechanism for driving the mode change-over lever in any one of the plural operative positions.

Abstract: The manipulator end of an endoscopic tissue sampling instrument, such as a forceps, comprises a plunger 4 slidably disposed within a slotted support tube 3 and movable via a finger sleeve 6 surrounding the tube and coupled to the plunger. A control wire 1 extends through an inner coil 10 and a surrounding outer coil 8; the adjoining ends of the coils within the support tube are brazed or welded together at 13, and the other end of the outer coil is secured to the end of the support tube by set screws 9. An end stop 2 is attached to the end of the control wire and is normally seated against one end of a cavity 5 within the plunger by a spring 7. If excessive tension is exerted on the control wire in manipulating the instrument the outer coil 8 expands in a spring-like manner to prevent any breakage or damage; if excessive compression is exerted the end stop spring yields to allow the stop to unseat and move within the cavity.

Abstract: A torsional vibration damper of the type having an outer inertia ring, a radially intermediate elastomer annulus, and a radially innermost hub. The polar moment of inertia of the entire damper is reduced by forming the hub of a low density material such as aluminum or plastic. The specific improvement resides in metal reinforcing members molded or otherwise inserted into the hub, thus overcoming material weakness and the phenomenon of creep in the plastic.

Abstract: A variable speed transmission device of the type in which a first rotatable element is in rolling friction engagement with a second nutatable element having an axis movable in a biconical path about the axis of the first elements. The first element supports a pair of axially movable cone-like members fixed for rotation with the first element and each having exterior surfaces of revolution defined by a curved generatrix to be convex in axial section and converging away from the point of first and second element axes intersection. The rolling friction surfaces of the second element are defined by an interior cyclindrical surfaces and means are provided for adjusting the angle of the second element axis with respect to the first to vary the radii at the point of frictional contact on the cone-like members.

Abstract: A planetary transmission of a vehicle drive train comprises an input section including three planetary gear sets and three brakes that are selectively operable to condition the three gear sets for respectively establishing a forward converter drive, a reverse converter drive and a direct drive at an output shaft of the input section. The planetary transmission further comprises an output or range section coupled to the output of the input section. The output section includes three planetary gear sets connected together so as to form a three-stage planetary set and three brakes are respectively associated with the three gear sets and selectively operable to control the three gear sets such that low, intermediate and high output speeds are established for every input to the output section with drive torque being delivered by all three gear sets for low speed operation, by two gear sets for intermediate speed operation and by a single gear set for high speed operation.

Abstract: A two-speed planetary gear transmission including direct drive connectable by a clutch wherein the input and output shafts rotate together and a second gear drive namely overdrive or underdrive wherein one of the sun or ring gears are held stationary by a brake relative to the casing. A spring which causes engagement of the direct drive clutch exerts its greatest force when the clutch is engaged, it exerts a relatively high biasing force upon initial disengagement of the clutch under the action of an actuating device such as a servo-motor, to thereby assure initially a significantly reduced level of torque transfer at the brake, to thereby provide a smooth gear transition. The spring force then becomes significantly less when the brake is engaged. The forces exerted by the spring in direct drive and by the actuating device in second gear drive bypass rotary bearings which are in motion at such times.

Abstract: A sealed torque transmission assembly comprising a casing having a drive shaft rotatably mounted to extend through a wall portion into the casing and terminate with an eccentric end portion which is parallel with the axis of rotation of the drive shaft. An externally toothed, non-rotating driving gear is mounted on a bearing on the eccentric end portion and held against rotation by an anti-rotation sleeve which is coupled by involute teeth at one to the casing and at the other end to the driving gear. A flexible bellows around the drive shaft seals the externally toothed, non-rotating drive gear to the casing. An internally toothed driven gear, having a greater number of teeth than the driving gear and teeth which mesh with at least one tooth of the drive gear, is mounted on a driven shaft which is also mounted for rotation in a wall portion of the casing.

Abstract: A portable hydrant wrench for use by one man comprising one or more drive bars having a rectangular cross-section and employing a detachable socket wrench at one of the free ends. A platform is secured to the hydrant to be serviced for positioning the drive bars in the center of the hydrant. Separate gear and drive assemblies attached to the free end of the drive bars opposite the detachable socket wrench provide the means of rotating the drive bars and therefore the socket wrench working the valves of the underground hydrant main pipe.

Abstract: A powered wrench for connecting links of pipe, the wrench including means for operatively engaging a length of pipe with a power driven toothed roller to rotate the pipe in a desired direction. The wrench includes idler rolls for applying supporting and smoothing pressure to the pipe responsive to the actuation of pressure applying means carried by the wrench.

Abstract: The herein-proposed method of cutting solids of revolution by a rotary tool having circular cutting lip resides in that the tool is imparted feed motion, while its rotation results from the interaction of said tool with the rotating workpiece being machined. Prior to bringing the tool in contact with the surface being machined the tool is imparted a positive rotation at a speed differing by not more than 20 percent from the tool working speed, in the same direction as the tool working motion. The rotary tool for carrying said method into effect is shaped as a solid of revolution having a circular cutting lip and held on a spindle provided with a through center bore for the stream of coolant to feed therethrough, the screw-type wind turbine being provided in said spindle bore.

Abstract: A device for reducing chattering and vibrations in a rotating disk while opposed surfaces of the disk are being cut with cutting tools on a disk cutting machine. The device includes a pair of laterally spaced elongated rigid arms which have pads carried on the inner ends thereof. A bracket which is attached to the cutting machine has a pair of flanges integral therewith, through which a rod extends pivotally attaching the rigid arms to the bracket. A first resilient member is carried on the rod resiliently biasing the other ends of the arms against the flanges. An adjustable resilient member is carried adjacent the intermediate portion of the arms for forcing the pads carried on the inner end in contact with the surface of the disks.