Abstract: A heat recovery device comprising a heat pump (1) the vaporizer of which receives heat from the exhaust air (P1) of a building and the condenser (6) of which delivers heat to the water in a container (2) for hot consumption water. A circulation circuit (14,11,12,9) for the recovery of excess heat from the container (2) to the building is arranged in heat transferring contact with the water in a lower part (Z1) of the container (2), the condenser (6) and a supply connection (9) for cold water being likewise situated in the lower part of the container. This arrangement results in separation of the water temperature in the container (2) and increased efficiency of the heat pump (1).

Abstract: A unitary refrigeration system for a vertical refrigeration cooler which may be installed and removed as a unit from a front of the cooler without a need to unload the articles in the cooler or move the cabinet. Another important feature of the present invention is to provide a unitary refrigeration system for a vertical cooler in which the compressor and evaporator may be removed as a unit without disconnection of the refrigerant tubing in a convenient and expedient manner from a front of the cabinet. Still another important feature of the present invention is to provide a unitary refrigeration system which may be easily removed from a vertical cooler as a unit for servicing and replaced by a like unit so that the cooler is not rendered inoperable during servicing.

Abstract: Methods for wet heat treating a textile product continuously in a high pressure steamer provided with a seal mechanism respectively at the cloth inlet and the cloth outlet of the steamer body, comprising (1) soaking a textile product to be treated with a treating solution in a liquid seal tank provided in the inlet side seal mechanism of the steamer body and wet heat treating the resultant textile product continuously in the steamer body while soaking the textile product further occasionally with the treating solution overflowing from the liquid seal tank into one or more liquid apply tanks for repeating steaming and boiling alternately, (2) wet heat treating a textile product previously soaked with a treating solution continuously in the steamer body and then prewashing the thus wet heat treated textile product continuously in the steamer body with the use of high temperature washing water overflowing from a slow cooling tank provided in the outlet side seal mechanism of the steamer body, and (3) the combina

Abstract: A textile sheet strand is dyed by conducting it in at least two separate passes around an annular path having a first path section in a dye vat and a section path section in a gas-treatment location. In the dye vat the strand is contacted with a liquid dye bath in each of the paths, and the excess dye is squeezed out of at least two of the passes at the same time by pinch rollers immediately downstream of the dye vat. In the gas-treatment location the passes of the strand are each treated with a gas to fix the dye.

Abstract: Equipment for letting out hides, in which the hides are cut several times obliquely to their lateral edges, the hide parts are then laterally offset and then sewn together again. A gripping tool is provided and is movable crosswise and lengthwise to the cutting line. After the sewing operation, the gripping tool seizes the cut edge and pulls the hide crosswise to the cutting line by the desired distance between cuts. Thereafter it moves the hide parallel to the cutting line, to obtain a constant distance between the sewing machine and the respective seam start on the hide.

Abstract: A latching system for a luggage article in which an elongate latch console attaches interiorly to one section of the article for cooperation with a hasp assembly on another section of the article. The latch console includes a pair of left-hand latches which pivot in a counterclockwise direction from hasp-engaging to hasp-disengaging positions and a pair of right-hand latches which pivot in a clockwise direction from hasp-engaging to hasp-disengaging positions. Slide rods within the console are connected between the latches, and a central swiveling actuator moves the latches from their hasp-engaging to their hasp-disengaging positions responsive to movement from the actuator from a rest position. Springs return the latches, slide rods and actuator to their initial positions when the actuator is released.

Abstract: A magneto-electronic lock includes a key body having a magnetic combination. In the interior of a receiver of the key body are arranged magnetic detectors, a bolt, and an electronic circuit device connected between the bolt and the detectors. Positive and negative magnetization devices cooperate, depending on the position thereof, in opening, closing or blocking an electronic circuit including an electric opening pulse of a gate. A device determines the electric continuity both in the key and in the receiver thereof. An electric derivation device opens a code. Passive positive and negative relays are in combination with positive and negative magnetic elements. Positive and negative magnetic devices have potentials to act on the passive relays in the contact threshold.

Abstract: A cylinder lock has a housing with a rotatably insertable cylinder having a key passage for an insertable flat key whose front part has locking notches associated with cylinder pins arranged in openings of the cylinder for retaining the cylinder pins. The flat key is provided at both its lateral sides with longitudinal grooves for receiving longitudinal ribs provided on the lateral sides of the key passage for the lateral profile variation. The longitudinal grooves on both lateral faces of the flat key lie with their bottom faces on lines which extend parallel to and at a distance from one another. The parallel lines extending at a distance from one another are arcuate at least in one partial region, and the convexly protruding central part of one arcuate line extend at least close to a straight line connecting the end points of the second arcuate line.

Abstract: A cylinder lock with a shell defining a plug cavity, a plurality of locking shell tumblerways, and a control shell tumblerway. A plug is rotatable within the plug cavity and defines a plurality of locking plug tumblerways alignable with the locking shell tumblerways, a control plug tumblerway alignable with the control shell tumblerway and a keyway for receiving keys. Positioned within each of the locking plug tumblerways is a locking tumbler that is biased into an active position wherein it projects into one of the locking shell tumblerways and movable into an inactive position out of the tumblerway by a proper key in the keyway. The locking tumblers prevent rotation of the plug when in their active positions and allow rotation thereof when in their inactive positions. Retained by the control plug tumblerway is a control tumbler biased in a latched position and movable into a release position by a control key in the keyway.

Abstract: An automatic production workpiece straightener employing pulsing impact hammer peening blows on the concave curvature side of a distorted workpiece to straighten by imparting compressive stress to the surface fibers thereby permanently deflecting the workpiece in a straightening direction. As applied to rotatable shafts such as cast iron camshafts, a plurality of peening heads deliver rapidly pulsing axially spaced impact blows to cylindrical grooves in the shaft during a limited portion of each continuous revolution as required to provide straightening action with continuous or peening-interrupted automatic gauging for controlling and terminating the straightening action.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for monitoring the diameter and length of a helical corrugated metal pipe while the pipe is being formed from a strip of corrugated sheet metal. The apparatus includes a sheet metal strip length sensor located on a corrugated helical metal pipe forming machine. A series of length sensors are located along a formed pipe axis and are responsive to presence or absence of the formed pipe at their locations. A digital computer receives information from the sensors and is connected to various peripheral devices. The process of monitoring the diameter and length of the pipe involves measuring sheet metal strip length, determining presence of formed pipe at the various length sensor locations, and determining pipe length and diameter as a function of sheet metal width and length of sheet metal strip used.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lubricant for use in the drawing and ironing of black plate steel during the manufacture of enclosed containers such as cans. The lubricant comprises an aqueous solution of an active component, such as a major portion of molybdenum disulfide, together with minor amounts of waxes and other materials. In performing the method of the present invention, a lubricant system is employed. The lubricant system comprises a dual lubricant coating. The first, or outside, coating is applied to that portion of the black plate steel which ultimately becomes the outside surface of the can body. The outside coating is applied, such as by spraying or gravure or offset printing, at a rate of about 25 to about 200 milligrams per square foot of steel surface. This coating is dried, as through the use of a heat source, such as infrared heat or hot air. A second, or inside, coating is applied to that portion of the black plate steel which ultimately becomes the inside surface of the can body.

Abstract: A machine for finishing substantially cup-shaped blanks that are to comprise the bodies of saucepans or the like has a table on which the blanks slide horizontally, bottom wall down. They are advanced along the table from station to station by a shuttle conveyor comprising opposite horizontal clamping plates that converge edgewise to engage opposite side wall portions of blanks, move forwardly while converged, then diverge and move rearward to an idle position. At one station there is a hole in the table, and each blank is delivered concentrically onto a freely rotatable tail stock which is in a lowered position in said hole with its top surface level with the table surface. The tail stock rises to clamp the bottom wall of the blank against a concentric continuously rotating driver head spaced above the table.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the manufacture of seamless metal tubes by a cross-roll helical rolling process such as Mannesmann mandrel mill process or by a press piercing process such as Ugine Sejournet process. Shells being worked are subjected to outside-diameter reduction by means of a rotary mill having 3 or 4 rolls, without using internal tools such as plug and mandrel bar, so that wall eccentricity is significantly improved, which fact assured higher quality of finished product.

Abstract: A deflection coiling attachment for a wire winding machine particularly adapted for the making of complex spring configurations employing first and second separately controllable feed means comprising a feed snubber adapted for bi-directional movement and a feed roller mechanism adapted for uni-directional operation. The two separate feeds operate in sequence. In the disclosed embodiment the work station has supported there at a deflection head for forming spring coils, a bending tool and bending anvil for forming spring bends, guide members and a cutting tool. The feed roller drive is cam operated primarily for drive of the wire during the spring coiling sequences. The bi-directional snubber feed controls wire movement for other actions such as during bending sequences.

Abstract: A pipe-bending machine has a bending table rotatable about an axis of rotation, a bending form having two opposite curved sections each defining a center of curvature, an oblong hole connecting the two centers of curvature, a retaining bolt coaxial with the axis of rotation of the table and projecting above the upper surface of the latter to engage the oblong hole, and means for shifting the bending form from one working position in which one center of curvature coincides with the axis of rotation of the table into another working position in which the other center of curvature coincides with the axis of rotation, and means for arresting the bending form in its selected working position.

Abstract: A composite roll for a rolling mill is constituted by a sleeve and an axially adjustable arbor therewithin. The ends of the sleeve are closed by end members, one of which has an axial passage with a diameter smaller than the bore diameter of the sleeve. An adjustment rod is secured to the arbor and passes through the passage of the end member. By operation of the adjustment rod, the position of the arbor within the sleeve and hence the axial compliance of the roll can be adjusted.

Abstract: An extrusion press having a die slide assembly capable of shearing the extrusion in the die, and transporting the die to a side movable transfer table for change thereof, the assembly eliminating excessive projection beyond the confines of the extrusion press of die transport equipment. The die slide assembly includes a first hydraulic cylinder for shearing an extrusion from the die, and a second hydraulic cylinder mounted adjacent the first cylinder for transporting the die and die holder to a transfer station on the side of said platen, permitting an exchange of the die holder die therewith, when necessary. The second hydraulic cylinder is movable with the die slide assembly to minimize the length requirements of the second hydraulic unit and still effectuate full traverse of the die holder.

Abstract: A piercing mandrel or punch, particularly for backward extrusion, is guided by a member which centers the mandrel or punch in the upper die cavity and is coupled thereto until abutting a centering shoulder in the die cavity; the guiding and centering function continues as the mandrel or punch begins and progresses in the cold flow-working process.

Abstract: A double action draw press having inner and outer rams reciprocal with respect to a fixed base for forming two piece containers such as beverage or food containers from metal sheet stock. The apparatus includes a pressure system carried by the outer ram and adapted to hold the material during the drawing operation. The apparatus also includes a drawing horn secured to the inner ram and movable independently of the pressure sleeve system. The drawing horn has an inwardly directed recess in its outboard end which communicates with an internal air passage leading to a source of air pressure. This structure permits use of an improved method of removing the formed can from the press by permitting air pressure to be applied to the interior wall surfaces of the drawn container as the press opens to move it out of the press for further processing.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming an electrical connector having a first hollow cylindrical portion of a first outside diameter and a second hollow cylindrical portion of a second outside diameter which is less than the first outside diameter, are provided in which two successive extrusion operations are performed. In the first extrusion operation, a billet of ductile metal is placed in a first die and an intermediate billet is formed by back extruding the first portion of the connector over a punch while forward extruding a part of the billet in the die to form a portion of reduced diameter approximately equal to the second outside diameter of the electrical connector. In the second extrusion operation, the intermediate billet is placed in a movable die section and the intermediate billet and the movable die section are moved downward from an initial position by means of a finish punch. The finish punch contacts the intermediate billet and is received within a first cylindrical recess defined by the billet.

Abstract: An apparatus and process is disclosed for forming a cap-like member from a blank of material. The apparatus comprises a die for shaping the cap-like member. A device is provided to co-act with the die for simultaneously forming both the member and internal threads within the member.

Abstract: A hand held tool having a round body with one end containing a stepped plug in cylindrical form. The plug conforming to the inside diameter of an electrical connector with an internal hollow providing clearance for projections within the connector. The body further having an opening surrounding the plug forming a diametrical cavity corresponding to the outside diameter of an electrical connector. When inserted into a connector, the tool forces the walls of the device into alignment straightening them into functional tolerance. The body also contains a handle for operator convenience in either a tee shape, a raised head or a shank separating the gripping handle from the body.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for imposing measurable wear on the surface of a magnetic recording disk and for determining the relationship of read/write characteristics due to such wear. A dynamic air bearing separates the interface between the disk surface and a slider head. The imposed wear changes the relationship between the head and disk and the changes provide measurable data for experimental evaluation of read/write slider flying dynamics.

Abstract: Leaks or thin spots in containers, as well as mechanical faults, e.g. worn bearings, are detected by an ultrasonic energy indicator that includes a modulator that heterodynes ultrasonic signals received by a transducer and creates an audio signal related thereto. The transducer includes a series arrangement of piezoelectric crystals feeding a field-effect transistor amplifier and the modulator operates in an amplitude modulation, suppressed-carrier mode which can be stabilized by a feedback loop. For indicating the presence of the audio signal, either headphones or a meter or both are employed. When leaks in a container are being detected, an ultrasonic generator is used which varies its output frequency slowly over a band of frequencies. The leak detection technique can be improved by applying a thin layer of a liquid to the container surface so that pressure introduced into the container causes the formation and bursting of bubbles in the liquid that results in the production of ultrasonic energy.

Abstract: The disclosed apparatus subjects samples of pipe, preferably plastic pipe, to controlled internal hydrostatic pressure in order to test the ability of that sample to withstand such pressure without catastrophic failure. A hydraulic pressure source (10) which preferably includes a variable volume compensated pump (12) and pair of accumulators (17) and (18) and applies the source pressure through a servo controlled pressure control valve (22) to a water filled sample (S). The hydrostatic pressure of the water within sample (S) generates an electrical signal proportional thereto via pressure transducer (24) and amplifier (25). This first signal is compared to an electronically generated second signal from a function generator (27). This second signal is proportional to the desired pressure within the sample (S). These first and second signals are compared by differential amplifier (28) which generates a third signal proportional to the difference between the first and second signals.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for hydrostatically testing pipe is disclosed. Means are provided for externally exerting a force against test plugs sealing the ends of a pipe being tested to oppose forces tending to push the test plugs out of the ends of the pipe. Means are provided for controlling the amount of tension present in the pipe and, alternatively, for creating and maintaining a net compressive force on the pipe during the testing process in order to test characteristics of the pipe.

Abstract: Apparatus for measuring the surface tension of a liquid contained in a flow-through pressure vessel (60) includes a pair of tubes (50,51) having small and large orifices positioned below the surface of the liquid. A source (10) provides gas through a pressure regulator (15) and a flow regulator (30) to the tubes. The bubble rate from the orifices is controlled by needle valves (40,41) and is made independent of the pressure in the vessel by the flow regulator (30). Differential pressure transducer (70) measures the pressure in the tubes as an indication of surface tension. Check valves (72,73) protect the transducer, and a thermometer (65) measures liquid temperature.

Abstract: Detection of engine idling is preformed by detecting the position of a throttle valve corresponding to idling and discriminating an intake air flow rate in a range of idle air flow rate. A signal indicative of engine idling is produced when both the throttle valve is in idling position and the air flow rate is less than the idle air flow rate.

Abstract: A fuel injection timing detecting apparatus for Diesel engines detects the displacement of a preliminarily-magnetized pressure pin which is contained in the body of a fuel injection nozzle of a Diesel engine to be moved by the pressure of pressurized fuel supply against the spring force of a pressure spring engaged with the pressure pin. The apparatus includes a magnetic sensing device externally attached to the body of the fuel injection nozzle for sensing a magnetic variation caused by the movement of the pressure pin thereby to detect the displacement of the pressure pin, and a signal processing circuit for amplifying and processing the output signal of the magnetic sensing device, whereby the apparatus is applicable to conventional fuel injection nozzles of Diesel engines without any need to modify the nozzles and makes it possible to detect easily and accurately fuel injection timings of the fuel injection nozzles.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for determining the hydrogen and carbon densities of oil in situ in a subsurface geological formation are proposed which utilize the response of a neutron porosity tool to some oils. Apparent porosity derived from a neutron porosity investigation tool, which measures spatial neutron flux distribution, is compared to the porosity derived from a second investigating tool whose response is not or at least is less sensitive, say, to the hydrogen density of the formation fluid than is the neutron porosity tool. The magnitude of the difference is indicative of the hydrogen and carbon densities of the oil.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for collecting a plurality of samples of fluids in earth formations traversed by a well bore. The sampling apparatus includes an elongated body member adapted to carry a telescopically extensible and retractible fluid admitting probe which is selectively placed in sealing engagement with potentially producible earth formations. The fluid admitting probe has a central passage in fluid communication with a first fluid sample chamber and a plurality of outer passages which are selectively communicated with formation fluid sample storage chambers within the body member.

Abstract: A computer-aided monitoring system and associated technique is disclosed for automatically controlling the liquid level of a heated tank subjected to changing temperatures. A first voltage signal from a thermistor sensor mounted within the tank at a predetermined level is digitally converted to multi-bit data indicative of fluid level. A second voltage signal produced by a separate thermistor sensor attached to the tank is digitally encoded as an indication of tank temperature and used to address a look-up table of voltage threshold values stored in a read-only memory. Empirically determined to vary linearly as a function of tank temperature, the voltage threshold values addressed are compared with the digital level data to determine if the liquid flow to the tank should be discontinued via a central processing unit.

Abstract: A method for enhancing the intensity of a photoacoustic signal by surrounding a solid with a gas having a normal boiling point at least about 25.degree. C. below the temperature at which the photoacoustic effect is being measured and a critical temperature not less than about 2.degree. C. By utilizing a second gas, selected from the permanent gases having a critical temperature not greater than about -73.degree. C., the surface area of a solid can be measured in accordance with procedures and relationships herein described.

Abstract: This electronic noise detector is an instructional device for classroom teachers to use in achieving academic excellence in educating students. Academic excellence is, among other things, dependent upon good discipline in the classroom and excessive noise in a classroom is disruptive of good discipline. This invention provides the classroom teacher with a means of immediately controlling the noise level in any classroom with any arrangement of the students. It further provides a means for instructing students to accept responsibility for maintaining a level of noise to the classroom which is conducive to achieving academic excellence.Operation of the device is simple. The teacher places it any place in the classroom that may be desired and turns it on. The device is then in a monitoring mode. The teacher sets an adjustable gain control and predetermines a level of noise which will be unacceptable. The device monitors the classroom without further intervention of the teacher.

Abstract: A high pressure electrical feedthru uses a ceramic circuit assembly which has a metalized bonding area on the surface of the ceramic to enable the ceramic assembly to be brazed to an outer support housing. The ceramic structure has embedded therein electrical conductors which extend from electrical connection terminals at one end of the feedthru to electrical connection terminals at the other end of the feedthru with the brazing area being located therebetween. The ceramic structure is arranged to support a pressure sensor which is connected to the electrical connection terminals at one end of the ceramic structure. The sensor and the adjacent end of the feedthru are located in a high pressure environment within a pressure tight housing.

Abstract: An inclined manometer particularly adapted for gauging the draft of a stove flue pipe is provided. The manometer is comprised of a pair of opposed open-ended legs mounted on a mounting plate. The legs are inclined at a relatively large angle from each other and are integrally joined at a midpoint nadir including an indenting recess. One terminal end of a first of the legs is received inside the flue pipe and a second terminal end of a second of the legs is opened to the ambient environment outside the flue pipe. The mounting plate includes a registry for identifying pressure differentials between the terminal ends. A selectively adjustable mounting bracket is employed for mounting the mounting plate to the flue pipe and for selectively leveling the manometer legs. A manometer fluid is provided consisting of ninety to ninety-seven percent propylene glycol and three to ten percent water with a trace of dye material.

Abstract: A punching-shearing method for inspecting the quality of a butt welded joint comprises pressure butt welding steel members under heat to form an annular bulge around the joint portion of the steel members, punching-shearing the bulge under red heat immediately after the pressure butt welding process from one side of the bulge in parallel with the axes of the steel members by use of a shearing die having higher and lower shearing edge portions so that the higher shearing edge portions penetrate the bulge prior to the lower shearing edge portions, so as to cause the base of the bulge to remain around the joint portion in a slightly higher position than the peripheral surfaces of the steel members, and determining the quality of the joint portion from the peripheral surface of the base of the bulge remaining on the joint portion.

Abstract: A bluff body is placed in a fluid pipe with one flat face facing the oncoming fluid. Vortices are then generated and shed alternately from opposite edges of the body. This body is of a scalene triangle cross section, and in one version a hole extends transversely therethrough. A longitudinal hole intersects the first hole at right angles thereto. The vortices cause oscillations in the transverse hole. A light beam is provided in the longitudinal hole. The light beam is modulated as it crosses the path of the transverse hole. Hence by measuring the frequency at which the beam is modulated and by suitable calibration, one gets a good and reliable indication of fluid flow rate. In a second version the transverse hole is formed into a blind hole at the foot of which is an etalon (a Fabry-Perot interferometer). The effect of the fluid oscillations due to vortex generation influences the etalon so that its output is a measure of the fluid flow rate.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting torque in an electric dynamometer which is arranged such that accurate counter-voltage is obtained by utilizing an interpole winding resistance inside the DC machine, magnetic flux is computed from the aforesaid counter-voltage and speed of rotation of the DCmachine, and highly precise torque is obtained from the aforesaid magnetic flux and armature current.

Abstract: A magnetic field is generated in the vicinity of a rotatably driven, loaded shaft. A Wiegand device in the shaft is differentially displaced by twisting of the shaft. Changes in magnetization in the regions during rotation of the shaft are detected by a coil. The characteristics of the pulses generated by the coil are representative of the twisting of the shaft and accordingly the torque transmitted thereby. A first signal is derived, which is representative of a characteristic of the generated pulses and a second signal is derived, which is representative of the period of the changes in magnetization. Power is represented by the quotient of the first signal divided by the second signal.

Abstract: A gram beam force gauge has a housing having a peripheral wall and a partition with a front face and a rear face substantially perpendicular to the peripheral wall. A pointer overlies a dial mounted on the front face of the partition and is mounted on a rotatable shaft passing through the partition. A pinion on the shaft to the rear of the partition engages a sector gear mounted on a drum which in turn is rotatably mounted adjacent the rear face of the partition on an axis parallel to the axis of the pinion. A flexible band passes around the drum and has each free end connected to one end of an extension coil spring. The first spring has its outer end secured to the housing and the second spring has its other end secured to a slide for preloading the springs and zero adjusting the pointer. A force transmitting beam is secured to the drum and extends beyond the housing. Advantageously, the slide is a slotted block retained by a headed screw secured to the partition.

Abstract: A strain gage load cell for the measurement of axial loads under variable ambient pressure conditions which includes a tubular member having strain gages on the inner wall thereof and arranged to react uniformly to ambient pressure and non-uniformly to an axial load.

Abstract: A push-button type tuning apparatus comprises a frame, a plurality of push-button assemblies each having a push-button on one end thereof, and inserted into and supported by the frame, where the push-button assembly is slidable in the pushing direction between a non-operational position and an operational position, a cam member provided on the frame, where the cam member is slidable in a direction perpendicular to the pushing direction of the push-button assembly, and a tuner provided on the frame, where the tuner is tuned according to the sliding quantity of the cam member. The push-button assembly further has a memory piece which has a V-shaped cam portion, where the memory piece is rotatably supported in the vicinity of the open portion of the V-shaped cam portion in a state in which the vertex of the V-shaped cam portion faces towards the direction of the push-button, and locking means for locking the memory piece at a desired rotated position.

Abstract: A stepping gear includes an output member attached to a wheel which is provided with a number of rollers on both faces thereof. In driving contact with these rollers is a pair of cam members having contours which allow for driving in the forward direction as well as a standstill or dwell phase. In addition, reverse movement of the wheel is made possible by providing an undercut in one of the cams coupled with a superelevation on the other of the two cams. Form locking engagement between the cams and the rollers is maintained during the forward driving phase, and the standstill and return phases as well.

Abstract: A two part grip for the handle of a bicycle or motorcycle or the like comprises:(a) an inner support sleeve adapted to fit on and grip the handle, and(b) an outer sleeve fitted over the inner sleeve and positioned to be comfortably grasped by the user.The sleeves may be interlocked, as by tongue and groove elements, the groove elements for example being defined by holes in the outer sleeve that also serve as a tread. The two sleeves may have differential hardnesses for better grip support, and more comfortable gripping by the user.

Abstract: A clutch drive differential including a hollow drive casing provided at opposite ends with first and second coaxial shaft-receiving bores. First and second coaxial shafts are disposed in end-to-end relation and are rotatably received by said first and second bores, respectively. First and second drive wheels are disposed internally of the casing and are secured to but are axially moveable on the first and second shafts, respectively. The drive wheels are axially juxtaposed with adjacent radial faces being operatively frictionally engageable. A cam device is interposed between the first drive wheel and the adjacent inner end face of the casing for imparting rotation to and axial movement of the first drive wheel into operative frictional engagement with the second drive wheel in response to relative rotation between the casing and the first drive wheel.

Abstract: A transmission including a main transmission and a subtransmission. The subtransmission is a planetary gear mechanism incoporating a sun gear, planetary pinions, and a ring gear. The main transmission incorporates a tubular intermediate shaft and an output shaft parallel to it, and several pairs of helical gears mounted on the shafts for transmitting rotational power between them. A driven power input shaft passes through the central hole of the tubular intermediate shaft, protrudes from its end, and is connected to a carrier which supports the planetary pinions. The ring gear is connected to the intermediate shaft.

Abstract: An automatic saw chain grinder includes a saw chain support mounted for reciprocative movement on a support carriage. A spring urges the carriage in one direction to move a cutter tooth of a supported saw chain into a grinding wheel against the residual pressure of fluid in a first single-acting hydraulic cylinder. Pressurization of the cylinder moves the carriage in the opposite direction away from the grinding wheel. The grinding wheel is spring-biased toward an active, grinding position and moved away from such position by a second single-acting hydraulic cylinder. The first and second cylinders are sized and the respective springs of the carriage and grinder selected such that upon pressurization of the common hydraulic circuit for such cylinders, the carriage retracts the cutter tooth away from the grinding wheel before the grinding wheel retracts from the grinding position.

Abstract: A steel caul for forming wood panels is sandblasted to roughen the contact face thereof. The process of roughening the face results in a multiplicity of minute indentations in the surface of the face which function to capture and retain therein carbonized materials which are produced when the caul is employed to press panel products, thereby extending the period which the caul can be used without the need for cleaning carbon deposits from the same.