Abstract: In a printing apparatus and method, printing material is printed on to-be-printed circuit boards in a predetermined pattern and a printing state of the material is inspected. The apparatus includes the following devices. A board supporting device has a rotary body supporting a plurality of board-fixed tables to which the boards are secured, and turns the rotary body together with the board-fixed tables intermittently at predetermined angular intervals so as to stop the board-fixed tables at each of a fixing, recognizing, printing, and inspecting position. A board feed device feeds the boards to the board-fixed tables arranged at the fixing position. A board discharge device discharges the boards from the board-fixed tables arranged at the fixing position. A recognizing device recognizes fixed positions of the boards relative to the board-fixed tables at the recognizing position. A printing device prints the printing material on the boards at the printing position.

Abstract: An method and apparatus for forming adhesive and solder pads on a printed circuit board to surface mount electrical components to the board. In accordance with an embodiment of the invention, a solder paste is deposited onto the printed circuit board through a first stencil that has a plurality of first openings. The solder paste forms a plurality of solder pads on the board. A second stencil is then positioned on the printed circuit board. The second stencil has a plurality of second openings, and a recess in its bottom face configured to receive the plurality of solder pads. After the second stencil is positioned on the printed circuit board so that the solder pads are received in the recess on the bottom face of the second stencil, an adhesive material is deposited onto the board through the second openings of the second stencil to form a plurality of adhesive pads on the board.

Abstract: In a stencil printer, a device for writing an image in a stencil has a master holding unit movable between an operative position and an inoperative position while being guided by guiding means. In the inoperative position, the stencil holding unit allows the operator to pull out the leading edge of a stencil from a roll, lay it on stencil guiding means included in the unit, cause stencil conveying means, also included in the unit, and the stencil guiding means to nip the leading edge of the stencil, and then move the unit toward the operative position. Only if the operator performs such a simple operation, stencil drive means drives the stencil conveying means and causes it to convey the leading edge of the stencil. This insures the easy understanding of the roll replacement procedure and allows the roll to be loaded and unloaded and the stencil to be set with ease.

Abstract: Silk-screens of annular-shape are provided for the silk-screen printing of halftones on compact discs. The silk-screens are rotatably provided in a carrier so that the angle at which molre can be eliminated or at least minimized or localized for the printing of a particular color can be determined. Following the determination of that angle for each of the colors to be printed, the screens are each then provided with photosensitive emulsion, exposed to light, and washed. The silk-screens are then placed in another carrier at the same angle as before determined for the elimination or at least the minimalization or localization of molre, this carrier being capable of being placed directly into the nest of a print head of a conventional silk-screen printing machine.

Abstract: During the production of a half-tone stencil, a stencil pattern hole structure is engraved in a predetermined stencil pattern area of a basic stencil element in order to form a stencil pattern. A plurality of uniform reference hole structures having different degrees of permeability are formed on the basic stencil element outside the stencil pattern area. These reference hole structures are used during the subsequent printing for producing printing patterns used for assessing the quality of color fidelity of a stencil pattern print.

Abstract: A drum, stencil and ink holding member for a stencil printer are disclosed. The stencil is made up of a porous substrate and a thermoplastic resin film. The side of the substrate contacting the film has a surface roughness of 5 .mu.m Rz to 45 .mu.m Rz, preferably 5 .mu.m Rz to 35 .mu.m Rz or more preferably 5 .mu.m Rz to 25 .mu.m Rz.

Abstract: An apparatus for precisely locating and instantaneously securing and releasing a first, stationary surface in proximate contact with a second, movable surface. A portion of the first surface is compressively secured by the apparatus so as to expose a lateral edge of the first surface for contacting the second surface. Means for securing and releasing the first surface is provided to enable a quick and easy adjustment or removal of the first or second surface.

Abstract: A printing press comprises an impression cylinder and an intaglio cylinder each having a notched portion and an effective impression area; an eccentric bearing for supporting the impression cylinder; a lever locked on one end side to the bearing; a hydraulic cylinder for acting on the other end side of the lever to turn the bearing; a pressure transducer for detecting pressure which acts on the hydraulic cylinder when the impression cylinder is pressed against the intaglio cylinder; a display device for displaying a printing pressure between the impression cylinder and the intaglio cylinder that has been calculated from a detection signal produced by the pressure transducer when the notched portions of both cylinders face each other, and a detection signal produced by the pressure transducer when the effective impression areas of both cylinders face each other; and adjusting screw and threaded shaft for adjusting the pressure of contact between the impression cylinder and the intaglio cylinder by changing the

Abstract: A handstamping apparatus comprises a first housing member and a second housing member. The first and the second housing members are moveable relative to each other from a first position to a second position. The first position is a ready position and the second position is a print position. A biasing element is coupled to the first and second housing members for biasing the members to the first position. A die support is coupled to the first housing member for movement therewith relative to the second housing member. A printing die is on the die support and the printing die and die support are disposed within a second housing member. The die support and the printing die are moveable relative to the housings from a ready position to a print position. The printing die is in the print position when the housings are disposed in the second position. An ink roller is coupled to the second housing member.

Abstract: A blanket cylinder (10) having an inner mandrel (12) having an outer surface (14), a split shell (16) having a longitudinal slit (18) defining opposed ends (20 and 22) of the shell (16), and being positioned on the outer surface of the mandrel (12) with a minimal gap (24) between the opposed ends (20 and 22) of the shell (16), a device for retaining the shell (16) on the mandrel (12), and a compressible blanket (34) being formed on an outer surface (36) of the shell (36) and having dimensions to close the opposed ends (20 and 22) of the shell (16).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for washing printing press form cylinders and associated applicator rollers in a manner which reduces the drying of quick-drying media, such as varnish or ink, on the applicator roller and form cylinder. The washing device is disposed in a nip between the form cylinder and applicator roller and has two curved surfaces disposed in closely adjacent relation to respective surfaces of the form cylinder and applicator roller. Each curved surface has a spray device for directing a cleaning fluid onto the adjacent form cylinder and applicator roller and a suction-extraction device for removing sprayed cleaning fluid and removed ink and impurities. The method and apparatus may be selectively operated in a print-on mode in which a cleaning fluid is sprayed onto the rotating form cylinder and is suction-extracted from its outer surface.

Abstract: Method for braking sheets in a delivery of a sheet-fed rotary printing press wherein the sheets are disposed in tandem and are successively fed to a sheet-pile position in translatory travel direction, the sheets being in an overlapping shingled arrangement in a vicinity of a sheet brake, an air-blast jet being applied beneath and parallel to the respective sheets, includes feeding the sheet to the sheet brake by means of gripper closure and a flotation-guiding arrangement, forming with the air-blast jet a carrying-air flow for producing the flotation-guiding arrangement and for simultaneously separating the sheets from an instant at which the sheets are being formed into the overlapping shingled arrangement, the carrying-air flow formed beneath an oncoming sheet continuing in the vicinity of the overlapping shingled arrangement of the sheets for forming an elongation of the flotation-guiding arrangement towards the delivery; and a device for performing the method.

Abstract: The present invention is a method and apparatus for conveying an article on a loading platform of a vehicle by installing sensor switches on the top surface of the loading platform so that the proper loading of an article on the vehicle can be monitored and ensured in such a way that the movement of the vehicle can be stopped when the sensor switches sense an improper positioning of the article.

Abstract: A truck tractor adapted for use on railways to tow one or more railcars while retaining the capability to tow highway trailers. A beam assembly with a railcar hitch on the back and a hitch pin underneath the front is latched to the hitch coupler of the truck tractor when used to tow railcars. The beam assembly rests on the rear of the truck tractor frame. A set of hydraulically retractable railway wheels is used to guide the rear drive wheels while on the rails. The front of the truck tractor is equipped with a set of retractable railway wheels which are used to lift the front steering axle of the truck tractor clear of the railroad rails and to raise and lower the railcar hitch for transfer of weight of the first railcar being towed to the drive wheels of the truck tractor. To resume highway operations the rail wheels are retracted and the beam assembly is unlatched from the hitch coupler and removed from the truck tractor.

Abstract: Apparatus and method are provided for preparing a viewing aperture in the top deck of a work station. The aperture when formed is provided with a liner sleeve adjacent to its perimeter. The outside face of the liner sleeve engages the edge wall of the aperture and the inside face of the liner sleeve supports rim portions of a transparent panel that is inset across the aperture. Various cross-sectional profiles for the aperture edge wall and the opposing faces of the liner sleeve can be used. The invention provides a reliable procedure for making an accurately sized aperture for monitor viewing in a deck.

Abstract: A through-wall type automatic customer service apparatus is arranged in a partition wall in a financial institution. The body of the apparatus has a facade which passes through an aperture in the wall and is exposed to the outside of the wall, for operation by users. The facade is pivotably attached to the body and is movable between an open position and a closed position. A locking screw can lock the facade in the closed position and can be operated from the outside of the body in the wall. The apparatus also includes support arms for supporting the facade in the open position.

Abstract: Reduction of slagging is improved by targeting slag-reducing chemicals in a furnace with the aid of computational fluid dynamic modeling. Chemical utilization and boiler maintenance are improved.

Abstract: A particulate matter or seed dispensing system for an agricultural implement having a mobile frame with a plurality of row units mounted to the frame. The seed dispensing system includes an upright storage hopper that is adapted to be carried by the frame and has the capacity for holding a large quantity of particulate matter such as seed. A bin is adapted to be carried on each row unit for holding a quantity of particulate matter or seed. Notably, each bin holds substantially less than the quantity of particulate matter adapted to be held in the storage hopper. A metering unit is adapted to be arranged on each row unit proximate a furrow opener of the row unit. The metering unit is arranged in material receiving relation relative to a respective bin on each row unit. The dispensing system of the present invention further includes an apparatus for delivering particulate matter from the hopper individually to each bin as a function of the quantity of particulate matter or seed material in the bins.

Abstract: A vacuum seed metering mechanism arranged in combination with a seed hopper for uniformly dispensing seeds to the ground. The seed metering mechanism comprises a rotational distributor disc provided with a circular row of openings toward a periphery of the disc. The disc carries seeds from a seed reservoir to a seed discharge area under the influence of pressure differential. The disc is rotatably mounted in a housing whose interior is divided by the seed disc into the seed reservoir, on one side of the seed disc, and a suction chamber, lying around a portion of the path of movement of the openings in the seed disc. A salient feature of the present invention relates to the provision of an apparatus for imparting vibrations to the housing for facilitating the release of seeds from the openings in the disc in the discharge area of the seed.

Abstract: Based on pattern display data stored in a card ROM, a predetermined number of embroidery pattern examples are displayed in a display unit of a sewing machine. Upon selection of a desired embroidery pattern, computation of a stitching period of time for the selected embroidery pattern is automatically commenced. During the computation of the stitching period of time, a stitching routine is executed through an interval interrupt process. Upon completion of computation of the stitching period of time, the computed stitching period of time is numerically displayed in a position corresponding to the selected embroidery pattern. Because the computation of the stitching period of time and stitching of the selected embroidery pattern are simultaneously performed, the stitching procedure can be efficiently prosecuted.

Abstract: A sewing machine for use with a template capable of holding together two or more layers of fabric that are to be stitched together, the template having a groove shaped according to the required stitching profile and engageable with a guide member projecting upwardly from a baseplate of the sewing machine, the groove being open-ended at its start location and the guide member having a hole through which a needle mounted on the sewing machine passes to effect a stitching action.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing reduced drag on a body moving in a direction D through a selected fluid medium at a speed U which is normally sufficient to cause turbulence. Reduced drag is generally accomplished by flexing at least the outer surface of at least the rear third of the body to produce a wave-like motion of the body having a wavelength of between 0.5 and 2.0 times the length of the body, a reduced frequency value .OMEGA. between 0.1 and 0.5 and a time delay between successive points on the body reaching peaks for their flex motion which is directly proportional to the distance x.sub.i in the direction D of the point from a reference point on the body and inversely proportional to the phase speed c.sub.p of the wave. A variety of techniques are described for achieving the desired wave-like motion.

Abstract: It is common practice for pleasure boaters to moor their craft to fixed and buoyed moorings by securing a line from the vessel to a ring attachment on the mooring. To accomplish this normally requires one person standing at the bow to capture the ring on the mooring with a boat hook and lift the mooring ring sufficiently so that a line can be passed through the ring and secured to the boat. This procedure has to be performed from a height of one to three meters above the water and sometimes can be hazardous.With the present invention, the mooring procedure can be performed with increased safety and with a single action by utilizing a hook mechanism comprising a rigid body and a spring loaded detachable arm attached to a common extension pole and used to pass a line through a continuous ring and recovering said line. The rigid body has guided cavities incorporated at specific locations within the rigid body to receive the detachable arm.

Abstract: An apparatus for docking a smaller vessel, such as a dinghy, to a substantially horizonal platform or swimstep of a larger vessel, such as a boat. The docking apparatus comprises a pair of mounting brackets attached at spaced locations to the edge of the swimstep. A substantially vertical bumper attached to each mounting bracket extends vertically above and below the swimstep. An adjustment bracket connected between each bumper and mounting bracket permits vertical, horizontal and rotational adjustment of the bumper with respect to the swimstep. For soft dinghies, a line connected to the dinghy and the bumper docks the two together. For hard dinghies, the bumper includes a cushion interposed between the bumper and the hard dinghy.

Abstract: The method, operated in the manner of a production line involving fabrication of a plurality of modules, includes, as to each module, the steps of preparing a bed having the desired module shape and size; preparing a galvanized welded wire fabric or mesh; fitting said wire fabric along the floor and sidewall interior surfaces of the bed to begin building an infrastructure; installing and tying epoxy coated reinforcing bars, inserts, reinforcing plates, post-tensioning tubes and other reinforcing steel within said infrastructure; installing pre-stressing strand along floor and sidewall interior surfaces; applying tensile loading to the pre-stressing strands with a hydraulic jack and deadhead apparatus; pouring a layer of concrete on the floor of the bed; seating foam billets within billet receiving sections adjacent to the wire fabric and between the post-tensioning tubes; fitting wire fabric along said interior deck to build the remainder of the infrastructure; installing and tying epoxy coated reinforcing ba

Abstract: An air lifted motion isolation system (100) includes a support structure or pod (110) for supporting equipment and/or personnel to be isolated from the motion of a waterborne craft (102). The support structure is coupled to the waterborne craft structure by a pivotal coupling assembly (120), permitting the support structure to be displaced both vertically and laterally. The motion of the support structure is stabilized by a lift producing body (130) disposed in the air above the waterborne craft and coupled to the support structure by a tether (112) for applying a substantially vertically directed force thereto. The pivotal coupling assembly (120) includes a plurality of pivotal coupling elements (122, 154) for buttressing the support structure above the structure of the waterborne craft. Each of the pivotal coupling elements (122, 154) may provide dampening to further stabilize and isolate the motion of the support structure from that of the waterborne craft.

Abstract: An apparatus for attaching support legs (10) to the inner walls or sides of a canoe or small carriable boat so that the canoe or boat can be inverted and positioned at an angle high enough above the ground to allow a lone person to step under the carrying yoke (12) or center seat and more easily lift the vessel to a portage position. Support legs (10) may be removed or pivoted out of the way for portaging through brush or over rough terrain. The apparatus also allows a canoe to be stored off the ground in a position which provides emergency shelter or a support frame for draping a tarpaulin and achieving more complete shelter.

Abstract: A flag or banner is provided that has a balloon-like inflatable portion that can be made any shape or size to resemble a logo, basketball, football, decorative or ornamental shape or symbol, or any other symbol or three dimensional representation desired. The flag surface can have any desired accompanying indicia. The flag portion and inflatable portion can be integrally made as one piece. Alternately, the flag can have an opening sized and shaped to receive the inflatable portion. The inflatable portion can include an area of excess material for attaching to the flag portion adjacent the inner perimeter of the sized and shaped opening. The attachment of the inflatable portion to the flag portion can be by spot welding, and permits the flag portion to appear to emanate from the inflatable portion when the inflatable portion is fully inflated.

Abstract: A feeder (10) for bison and other herd-type animals, particularly those difficult to domesticate, includes a feed storage unit (16) having a feed compartment (72) for holding animal feed, a frame (12) for carrying the storage unit (16), a feed dispensing unit (18) for delivering feed from the compartment (72), a controller unit (14) for identifying the animal to be fed, and actuating the dispensing unit (18) to deliver a ration of animal feed in response to the identification signal received. The feeder (10) preferably includes a plurality of dispensing units (18) for feeding several animals at different sites (48, 50, 52). Legs (102) located between the feeding sites (48, 50, 52) separate the animals during feeding, and visual barriers (106) inhibit the feeding animals from seeing one another. Preferably, only portions of the feed are intermittently delivered by the dispensing unit (18) so that dominant animals are inhibited from appropriating the share of lesser animals in the herd.

Abstract: A disposable bird feeder apparatus, particularly adapted for the feeding of finches, includes a container of elongated shape fabricated of porous sheet material. The container holds particulate bird feed material such as thistle seed. The size of the pores is slightly greater than the diameter of the seed, thereby facilitating controlled removal of the seed through the sheet material.

Abstract: A feeding tube includes a first end opposite a second end, and an interior. A first disc is mounted to the first end and has a first aperture there-through, the first aperture being aligned with the interior of the tube. A solid second disc has a diameter substantially equal to the first disc. A cap has a planar surface and a second aperture through the planar surface. A container has structure forming an opening and configured to removably receive the cap over the opening. The first disc is configured to cover the opening and to fit within the cap in parallel relationship to the planar surface. The container is filled with liquid bird food. The cap, the tube and the first disc may be arranged such that the container is sealed, and may also be arranged such that the feeding tube is directed outwardly from the container and a bird may feed from the tube.

Abstract: A livestock waterer has a first compartment which is typically buried below ground level and has a pressurized water line entering therein. A second compartment is mounted above the first compartment and over an opening in the top of the first compartment so that air in the first compartment is in communication with the air surrounding the second compartment. A third compartment with its bottom portion also buried in the earth surrounds the second compartment and has an open top communicating with an open top of the second compartment. The water line in the first compartment is in communication with the interior of the second compartment. A float valve on the fluid line controls the level of fluid entering into the second compartment. A flexible skirt device surrounds the space between the opening in the second compartment and the opening in the third compartment. The three compartments are free from heat elements.

Abstract: Animal litter compositions which are highly carbonaceous and contain activated charcoal by 50 weight % are produced by pyrolyzing fibrous agricultural products such as rice hulls.

Abstract: A multi-compartment bird shelter that may be assembled with a minimum of mechanical fasteners and which may be assembled as a multi-tiered structure is disclosed. The shelter is supported, by a support flange, on a vertical pole and includes a plurality of individual compartment modules that are pie shaped with vertical divergingly spaced walls and a bottom surface. A spacer element place coaxially over the pole is larger than the pole so as to define a gap between the pole and the spacer element. The spacer element rests upon the support flange, and individual compartment modules are coupled to the pole by inserting a hook structure of the module into the gap defined between the pole and the spacer element. A plurality of like sized and shaped modules are arranged around the pole in side-by-side fashion and are similarly coupled to the pole so as to define a tier of compartments. Subsequent tiers of compartments may be similarly assembled atop existing tiers.

Abstract: This chicken coop litter removal apparatus that incorporates a frame under which a blade is pivotally mounted to extend outside the side of the frame to scrape along the walls of chicken coops. The blade is pivotally mounted to the frame held in its normal working position by tension. When the blade contacts an object such as a structural pole, it rotates relative to the frame backwards. A side bar is mounted to the frame to push the frame out slightly from the wall of the chicken coop as the blade passes the pole. When the blade passes the pole it returns to its original position because of the tension means but does not contact the wall because the frame was pushed slightly away from the wall by the side bar. The devise is mounted to a standard tractor using a type 3 trailer hitch and has two wheels one at each side rear so that it rolls easily.

Abstract: A leash including a shock-absorbent substantially elastic lead is disclosed wherein the lead is not shaped like a simple beam, i.e., the lead includes one or more macroscopic concavities along its length. As examples, the lead may be shaped like a C-beam, I-beam, T-beam, or X-beam. The perimeters of the concavities form stiffening ridges which prevent the sagging or drooping of the lead and possible entanglement with the animal's or user's legs. By forming such concavities, material can be removed from the lead without adversely affecting its stiffness. An extender lead for extending the length of preexisting leashes is also disclosed.

Abstract: A rotary piston internal combustion engine includes a housing defining a cylinder chamber in the form of a circular ring. An even number of pistons circulate in the piston chamber and are of a circular cross-section adapted to the cylinder chamber. Two piston carriers mounted rotatably about the axis of the cylinder chamber each carry half the number of pistons, the peripheral surfaces of the piston carriers being such that they supplement the internal surface of the cylinder chamber to constitute a circular cross-section which corresponds to the pistons and against which piston rings on the pistons seal. At least one sealing ring is accommodated between the piston carriers and between each piston carrier and an oppositely disposed wall of the housing in an annular groove of the housing or a piston carrier respectively. The sealing ring bears against a co-operating surface of the respective piston carrier under a force which acts out of the annular groove.

Abstract: An assembly (12) for moving air through a heat exchanger (10) comprising a shroud (14) for mating with a heat exchanger (10) and a fan (20) disposed in the rear opening (18) of the shroud (14). The fan (20) comprises a hub (22) having an axis (A) and blades (24) extending radially from the hub (22) to distal ends for moving air through the shroud (14). The assembly is characterized by a bearing ring mechanism (28, 30) interconnecting the distal ends of the blades (24) and the shroud (14) for rotatably supporting the fan (20) solely by the shroud (14). The bearing ring mechanism (28, 30) includes a ring (28) surrounding and interconnecting the distal ends of the fan blades (24) a guideway (30) in the shroud (14) supporting and retaining a head (32) extending from the ring (28) for rotation relative to the shroud (14).

Abstract: A number of embodiments of two-cycle engines employing Schnurle-type scavenging. In addition and in some embodiments, a ramble port is also incorporated so as to introduce a tumble charge into the combustion chamber and reduce the likelihood of fresh charge from exiting from the exhaust port. This tumble charge may be utilized to achieve stratification, and the fuel charge may be delivered to the combustion chamber through the tumble port or in proximity to it. Various arrangements are shown for controlling the amount of scavenge flow to improve stratification and fuel vaporization.

Abstract: A two-stage cam shaft drive arrangement for an internal combustion engine employing a pair of flexible transmitters. The two-stage mechanism is driven by an intermediate shaft that is driven off of the crankshaft at a point between its ends. Flexible transmitter tensioners are engaged with the flexible transmitters on the side away from the cylinder block for ease of accessibility and to maintain a more compact engine configuration.

Abstract: Between the end of a valve and a valve-operating cam in an internal combustion engine, a valve lifter is inserted. A filler enclosing portion is formed between a shim and the body of the valve lifter. Through an opening from an injector, a filler is introduced into the filler enclosing portion, so that valve clearance is corrected to zero. Differences in valve clearance can be easily corrected.

Abstract: A variable intake apparatus includes an intake manifold. The manifold has a surge tank and a plurality of branch pipes extending therefrom. The air in the surge tank is drawn into the combustion chambers of an engine via the branch pipes. The lengths of the branch pipes are different. A movable pipe is slidably located in each branch pipe. The movable pipes slides within the branch pipes for changing the effective passage length of the intake passages. The passage lengths of the movable pipes are determined such that the effective intake passage lengths are equalized. A motor actuates the movable pipes to slide within the branch pipes based on the engine speed. The movable pipes integrally move with respect to the branch pipes while keeping the passage lengths of the intake passages equalized.

Abstract: A computer controlled intake and exhaust valve for internal combustion engines having a microprocessor controlled, hydraulically operated, valve actuator with manually adjustable variable performance settings for improving fuel efficiency and reducing emissions while also providing a high performance power stroke and lengthening the life of the valve seat by damping the impact of valve reseating. The computer controlled intake and exhaust valve includes a) a semi-automatic engine braking feature whereby the compression of exhaust gases within the chamber of a cylinder prior to venting is used to aid in reducing the speed of the vehicle, thus prolonging the life of the brakes and the safety of passengers, and b) notched and stepped valve seats which aid in retaining compression within the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A oil filter cooler involves a semi-circular or U-shaped metal device which simply "snaps" onto an oil filter due to the fact that it is slightly flexible, the device having radially extending fins extending outward which enable this device to draw heat away from the oil filter on which it is attached.

Abstract: In a V-type engine having a crankcase dividable into two halves in side ways, a crankshaft disposed inside the crankcase, a plurality of cylinder assemblies disposed onto the crankcase, arranged in V-shape and parallel to the divided faces of the crankcase, and pairs of metal bearing halves which support the crankshaft, wherein the metal bearing halves are press fit into predetermined positions inside the crankcase halves, and the metal bearing halves are arranged so that matching faces of the bearing halves make a right angle with a line which divide an angle between the V-shaped cylinder assemblies in half.

Abstract: In installed position, a filter, comprising a removable particulate filter medium, is disposed in an induction air passage in circumferentially perimetrically sealed relation with the passage side wall. The passage wall has an opening providing for a drawer to be slid into and out of the passage. The drawer has a perimeter that bounds an open center and that supports the filter in covering relation to the open center. Once the drawer has been slid into the passage sufficiently to have passed the filter completely into the passage, the filter abuts the passage wall to prevent further insertion of the filter. Thereupon, continued sliding of the drawer into the passage moves the filter transversely into perimetrically sealed relation with the passage wall, thereby constraining air to pass through the filter medium. The filter is supported in final position by underlying support surfaces on the drawer.

Abstract: A diesel engine comprising a fuel injection device and a controller for controlling the fuel injection device in accordance with an operating condition of the engine. The fuel injection device effects a preliminary injection for injecting fuel into a cylinder during a period from the initial part of an intake stroke to the middle part of a compression stroke and a main injection for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber in the vicinity of a top dead center of the compression stroke, whereby lean mixture is formed and a maximum combustion temperature in the combustion chamber is decreased to suppress generation of NOx and to reduce emission of black smoke.

Abstract: In a method of operating an internal combustion engine with direct injection of fuel into an engine combustion chamber during a compression stroke of a respective piston wherein first a main fuel volume is injected and subsequently an ignition fuel volume is injected into the combustion chamber, the injection of the main fuel volume is initiated only after about 3/10 of the compression stroke of the piston has been completed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a 4-cycle in-cylinder injection internal combustion engine in which fuel is injected directly into a combustion chamber, and specifically to an in-cylinder injection internal combustion engine suited for use as an internal combustion engine which performs premixed combustion at the time of a high power output but stratified combustion at the time of a low power output and switches the state of each of the combustions depending on an operation state of the engine.

Abstract: An intake system for a multicylinder internal combustion engine includes a manifold having inlet runners for conducting charge air into the cylinders of an engine, and at least one secondary throttle valve situated within at least one of the inlet runners. An electrically driven motor positions the secondary throttle valve, with the motor being operated by a controller, which senses engine operating parameters including the temperature of an electrically driven motor which powers the secondary throttle valve.