Abstract: An exhaust assembly for a jet powerplant of a supersonic airplane comprising a rear structure fitted with a thrust reverser. The rear structure includes a primary multi-flap nozzle of variable cross-section situated downstream of a primary duct, a secondary multi-flap nozzle of variable cross-section situated downstream of a secondary duct enclosing the primary duct and a fairing enclosing the secondary duct and fitted with a throat downstream of an exhaust orifice of the secondary nozzle, the throat being followed by a diverging portion. The thrust reverser comprises two eyelids affixed in a pivotable manner to the fairing, one on each side to of an axial plane of symmetry. The eyelids are movable between an active, thrust-reversal position wherein the eyelids project transversely into a gas jet downstream of the fairing to deflect the gas jet in a forward direction for thrust-reversal and an inactive, forward-thrust position wherein the eyelids are situated in an extension of the fairing.

Abstract: A tripropellant coaxial pintle injector for a rocket engine which enables smooth transitioning between two types of propellants that are adapted to be alternatively mixed with a third type of propellant in a combustion chamber of a rocket engine. The tripropellant coaxial injector includes a pintle for expelling a first propellant into a combustion chamber in a generally radial direction and two or more concentric metering sleeves which define orifices for expelling two or more different propellants into the combustion chamber in an axial direction thus, such a configuration allows for alternative mixing of two propellants with a third propellant in the combustion chamber of a rocket engine.

Abstract: Gas torque (Cg) is determined for each cylinder combustion. Engine speed (N) and air admission manifold pressure (Pca) are measured during the corresponding prior admission phase. A reference torque (Cref), which is a function of N and Pca, is cartographically calculated by interpolation. The reference torque Cref, for example, is corrected by multiplication with a coefficient (KM) associated with the corresponding cylinder in a stabilized engine operating mode. In a transient mode, an additive correction (KA) is also made to derive the expected theoretical torque (Cpr), which is compared with the gas torque (Cg) so as to determine that misfire has occurred if Cpr/Cg>S2, where S2 is a threshold value. The process and device are suitable for generating signals representative of engine operation or indicating that the threshold level of harmful components discharged into the exhaust gases is exceeded.

Abstract: An exhaust emission control system for an internal combustion engine amounted on an automotive vehicle. The exhaust emission control system comprises a first catalyst disposed in an exhaust gas passage of the engine. The first catalyst functions to store NOx in an atmosphere having an air-fuel ratio leaner than a stoichiometric level and to release NOx in an atmosphere having an air-fuel ratio ocher than the stoichiometric level and reduce released NOx in presence of HC and CO. A second catalyst is disposed in the exhaust gas passage upstream of the first catalyst and having an oxygen absorbing ability.

Abstract: A method of reducing pollutants in an exhaust gas of an internal-combustion engine includes the following steps: producing, at a first location, a reactive gas component NO2 from at least one part of the NO content of the exhaust gas by reaction with the oxygen, contained in the exhaust gas, under an energy effect; and reactively converting the NO2 in a pollutant retaining system situated at a second location downstream of the first location as viewed in the flow direction.

Abstract: A failure detecting system of an exhaust purification apparatus includes, a catalyst unit including an electrically heated catalyst and intervened in an engine exhaust path, an air pump supplying a secondary air to the engine exhaust path, a first electric current sensor detecting electric current value for the electrically heated catalyst, and a second electric current sensor detecting electric current value for the air pump. The electrically heated catalyst and air pump are supplied with current upon a cold start of an engine. Presence of failures in the electrically heated catalyst and air pump is discerned on the basis of the electric current value each of the first and second electric current sensors, and the detection of the current value of the first electric current sensor starts prior to the detection of the current value of the second electric current sensor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a quick-heating catalytic converter which allows the reduction of the unwanted emissions or pollutants created by the operation of an internal combustion engine. It comprises a catalytic converter system and an electronic heating catalytic system. In the catalytic converter system, the exhaust created by the operation of an internal combustion engine is oxidized or reduced to harmless emissions in the presence of a catalyst. The electronic heating catalytic converter system is located at a front position of the catalytic converter system and preheats the exhaust, comprising a power inverter circuit for inverting a direct current into an alternating current, a temperature-controlling circuit for controlling the temperature of the catalytic converter system, and a quick microwave heating circuit for quickly increasing the temperature of the catalytic converter within a few seconds to such an extent that the catalyst can readily function to purify the exhaust.

Abstract: A three-way catalyst (9) which has an oxygen storage capacity is disposed in an exhaust passage (3) and HC adsorbent-catalysts (10, 11) which can adsorb and oxidize HC are disposed further downstream. If release of HC from the HC adsorbent-catalysts is determined, the lean level of an air-fuel ratio is increased temporarily after HC release is commenced. Thereafter the air-fuel ratio is controlled to a lower lean level which corresponds to an HC concentration during release. In this way, after lean control is commenced, the three-way catalyst is saturated in a short time and oxygen is sent to the HC adsorbent-catalysts (10, 11) and released HC is oxidized.

Abstract: The invention discloses a device for filtering internal combustion engine exhaust gases, comprising an electrostatic filtering chamber equipped with electrostatic filtering means, a line for supplying gases into the chamber, in fluid communication with an inlet of the chamber, at one of the ends of the supply line, the other end of the supply line being provided with an opening having an inlet orifice adapted to allow the penetration of the exhaust gases and of a flow of ambient air for cooling the exhaust gases. In this device, the means for drawing the exhaust gases and the air flow are mounted downstream of an outlet of the chamber, to allow the mixture of air and gases to pass into the said chamber and reject the filtered gases into the environment and a filter for coarse solid particles and droplets derived from the mixture is mounted in the chamber, upstream of the electrostatic filtering means.

Abstract: A method for controlling the temperature of an exhaust gas treatment system in the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine in the region of a predetermined intended temperature, comprising a two-position device for varying the temperature of the exhaust gases, a device for measuring the actual temperature and a device for determining a quantity which approximately represents a value for the input of energy into the exhaust gas treatment system is described, as is an apparatus for putting the method into practice. The actual temperature is compared with the intended temperature in a two-step control element and an output signal is produced.

Abstract: A hydrostatic transmission design incorporating a mechanical bypass having a filter housing mounted adjacent to check valves in a center section. The filter housing can be secured to the center section and acts to house the actuation member which moves to unseat the check balls and place the unit into bypass. An actuation rod is mounted external to the filter housing and can be rotated to move the actuation member into or out of the bypass position.

Abstract: A master cylinder with hydraulic reaction. The master cylinder having a housing with a working chamber (12) therein in which slides a hollow main piston (3). The main piston (3) has a bore (130) for retaining a reaction piston (14) to define a reaction chamber (15). The reaction chamber (15) is connected to the working chamber (12) through a non-return valve (22) and a restriction (17). The non-return valve (22) and restriction (17) are mounted to independently move with respect to the main piston (3) to avoid a defect with a rise in pressure in the reaction chamber (15) when brake fluid retained in the working chamber has an excessively high viscosity.

Abstract: A five-cylinder turbocharged internal combustion engine has an exhaust manifold (6-10) connected to a turbine housing (13). Four exhaust manifold conduits (7, 8, 9, 10) lead in pairs to the inlets (11, 12) of a twin-entry turbine (14). The fifth exhaust manifold conduit (6) is drawn past the turbine housing and opens into an exhaust pipe (18) on the downstream side of the turbine housing.

Abstract: Past exhaust emission control systems fail to utilize exhaust gas recirculation during all operating parameters of an engine. The present exhaust gas recirculation system reduces the emissions emitted from an engine during all operating parameters of the engine. The engine includes a cylinder, a rotatable crankshaft and a turbocharger defining a compressor section compressing a flow of intake air to a first preestablished pressure and being driven by a flow of exhaust gas having a first preestablished pressure. The exhaust gas recirculation system is comprised of a portion of the flow of exhaust gas being recirculated to the cylinder and forming a flow of recirculated exhaust gas. The flow of recirculated exhaust gas is cooled. A portion of the flow of intake air is compressed to a second preestablished pressure. The flow of recirculated exhaust gas is compressed to a second preestablished pressure being at least as great as the first preestablished pressure of the intake air.

Abstract: An apparatus and method generates energy and, optionally, produces fresh water using osmotic processes that are driven by energy embodied in the heat of evaporation of water. An osmotic chamber transfers fresh water into a brine solution by osmotic pressure across an osmotic membrane. A mass transfer unit uses the osmotic pressure to maintain a high pressure concentrated brine solution within the osmotic chamber while providing for replenishing diluted brine solution with concentrated brine solution. The volume increase in the concentrated brine solution as it is diluted drives a motor to generate useful output energy. A concentrator uses dry air to concentrate dilute brine solution from the motor to a concentrated brine solution for return to the osmotic chamber.

Abstract: With an object to provide a thermoelectric converter excellent in performance, this invention provides a thermoelectric converter provided with a first thermal converter 1, a blocked second thermal conductor 2 connected to a predetermined position of the first conductor 1, a frame 6 made of a synthetic resin and surrounding the second conductor 2, a thermally-conductive substrate 5 with the frame 6 fixed at a basal end portion 8 thereof on the substrate and also with a group of thermoelectric elements 4 supported inside the substrate, and a heat-insulating layer 31 interposed between the first thermal conductor 1 and the thermally-conductive substrate 5 such that the frame 6 is surrounded at an outer periphery thereof by the heat-insulating layer. The second thermal conductor 2 and the thermally-conductive substrate 5 are opposing each other and are maintained in close contact with each other via the group of thermoelectric elements 4.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for rapidly cooling a liquid based food, such as soups and the like, includes a fluid circulation device which is inserted into a container holding hot soup in order to cool the same. The fluid circulation device preferably includes a coiled, tubular element which circulates chilled fluid through the soup without the fluid coming into direct contact with the soup. The soup is cooled by continuously flowing chilled fluid through the circulation coil, thereby effecting a heat exchange whereby the chilled fluid absorbs heat from soup as it passes through the fluid circulation device in order to lower the temperature of the soup. The apparatus includes a pump which transports the chilled fluid from a fluid supply, through an inlet line into the circulation device, through the circulation device and into an outlet line which then transports the fluid out of the fluid circulation device.

Abstract: A system and method for providing conditioned air to the interior space of a building includes separate dehumidification and sensible cooling functions. The separate dehumidification allows for much higher supply air temperatures, preferably within about 10° F. to about 15° F. of the air temperature of the building space. Low-velocity air distribution through a ceiling plenum or a vent into the space allows for very low fan static pressures, which greatly reduces fan energy usage compared to conventional ducted systems. The low static pressures and high supply-air temperatures allow the use of existing drop ceiling construction with little modification. Optional return air channels between an inner glazing and an outer glazing of exterior windows can virtually eliminate heating loads at the building perimeter, which virtually eliminates the need for simultaneous heating and cooling. The result is a major improvement in energy efficiency and comfort while reducing installed cost of the system.

Abstract: The refrigeration system includes a compressor-pump unit and/or a liquid-injection assembly. The refrigeration system is a vapor-compression refrigeration system that includes an expansion device, an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser, and a liquid pump between the condenser and the expansion device. The liquid pump improves efficiency of the refrigeration system by increasing the pressure of, thus subcooling, the liquid refrigerant delivered from the condenser to the expansion device. The liquid pump and the compressor are driven by a single driving device and, in this regard, are coupled to a single shaft of a driving device, such as a belt-drive, an engine, or an electric motor. While the driving device may be separately contained, in a preferred embodiment, the liquid pump, the compressor, and the driving device (i.e.

Abstract: A refrigerant handling system includes a cabinet having two service ports and two sample ports and housing recycling/recharging apparatus coupled to the service ports and a refrigerant identifier coupled to one of the sample ports and coupled through solenoid-actuated valves to the recharging/recycling apparatus. Two coupling assemblies are provided for coupling the cabinet to the high-pressure and low-pressure sides, respectively, of an automotive air conditioner, each coupling assembly including a service hose with end couplers for respectively coupling to the air conditioner and one of the service ports and connected through solenoid-actuated valves disposed within a housing closely adjacent to the air conditioner coupler. Each coupling assembly also has a sample hose communicating with the service hose within the housing between the air conditioner coupler and the valves and having a distal end with a coupler for connection to one of the sample ports, and electrical conductors for control of the valves.

Abstract: Methods of sequencing parallel units in HVAC systems are described to improve overall system operating efficiency. The improved method is applicable for sequencing parallel centrifugal pumps in a variable flow hydronic system, parallel fans in a variable air-flow system, and centrifugal chillers in an HVAC system having a plurality of variable speed drive centrifugal chillers arrange in parallel. The method calls for determining an operating point of the on-line units, comparing the current operating point to a natural curve of maximum efficiency, and adding or shedding units as required to move closest to an operating curve of optimal efficiency, without direct regard to actual loading. Natural operating curves relate head pressure and operating speed rather than load. Control logic that implements such operating characteristics often will result in operating more parallel units on-line that would be required by prior art to meet the load.

Abstract: An air conditioning system (10) for a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle comprises a first heat exchanger (14) positionable outside the passenger compartment; a second heat exchanger (18) positionable inside the passenger compartment; an expansion device (16) positioned in a first fluid passage (22) between the heat exchangers; an electronically controlled variable stroke compressor (12) for pumping fluid into the second fluid passage and either in a first direction (X) or in a second direction (Y); reverse flow means (32) in the second fluid passage for controlling the direction of the flow of fluid; first sensing means (36) providing a first output signal indicative of the actual temperature of the air leaving the second heat exchanger; second sensing means (40) providing a second output signal indicative of the humidity of the air leaving the second heat exchanger; third sensing means (46) providing a third output signal indicative of the temperature of the air in the passenger compartment; and contr

Abstract: A refrigerator-freezer includes a first evaporator cooling an atmosphere in a refrigerating compartment, a second evaporator cooling an atmosphere in a freezing compartment and a controller controlling a switching valve in a refrigerating cycle so that a cooling operation is switched between a first operation mode in which refrigerant compressed by a compressor is supplied at least to the first evaporator and a second operation mode in which the refrigerant compressed by the compressor is supplied at least to the second evaporator. The controller stops the compressor when a temperature in either one of the refrigerating and freezing compartments for which the cooling operation is unexecuted is below a predetermined upper limit temperature in a case where a temperature in the other compartment for which the cooling operation is in progress drops to a predetermined lower limit temperature.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and system for controlling and limiting the discharge temperature of a compressor of a refrigeration system. The invention is suitable for converting an existing refrigeration system which operates with one refrigerant to use with another refrigerant which can cause high discharge temperatures. The invention includes a simple four-part system—a temperature sensor to sense the discharge temperature, an injection valve for injecting liquid refrigerant into the suction gas line of the compressor, a fluid line for providing liquid refrigerant to the valve from the condenser and a digital controller for actuating the valve.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sensor for detecting the direction and intensity of solar insolation, particularly, for controlling an air conditioning system, having at least two sensor elements that, are assigned to the left-hand and right-hand sides of the vehicle, respectively, and are arranged on a respective face whose surfaces are, at least partially, subject to the solar insolation entering the vehicle from the left-hand and right-hand sides, respectively. To provide an improved sensor that is particularly cost effective and can be fitted simply into a vehicle to control an air conditioning system, the sensor elements are designed as temperature sensors and are each connected in a heat conducting manner to their associated surfaces, which surfaces absorb, at least, most of the solar insolation which is incident thereon.

Abstract: Case includes at least one compartment for product storage, at least one access opening providing entrance to said compartment and at least one shelf within the compartment for holding product. Refrigeration is provided operatively associated with the compartment for maintaining a selected temperature therein including at least one of (1) transparent cooling coils above the shelf with a cooling medium flowing therethrough, and (2) cooling within the shelf with a cooling medium therein, whereby a cooled, temperature controlled environment is provided for the products.

Abstract: An air cooling system including a first desiccant dryer, a second desiccant dryer connected in series in a flow path with the first desiccant dryer and a first air cooling unit connected in series in the flow path with the second desiccant dryer.

Abstract: A heat exchanger (1) on the secondary heat source, which exchanges heat with a heat exchanger (12) on the primary heat source in a primary cooling circuit (A), is connected with an indoor heat exchanger (3) through a gas pipe (6) and a liquid pipe (7). A tank (T) storing a liquid cooling medium is connected at its lower end to the liquid pipe (7) and its upper end to a pressure adjustment mechanism (18). Check valves (CV1 and CV2) are disposed on both sides of the connecting point of the tank (T) with respect to the liquid pipe (7).

Abstract: An air conditioning unit comprising: a housing having a first half and a second half; the first half of the housing containing an indoor heat exchange coil and a blower moving air through said coil from at least a housing inlet to a housing outlet. The blower discharges into a diffuser duct having a diffuser section with a first segment and a second segment where the first and second segments have first and second respective and differing angles of diffusion.

Abstract: In a refrigerating system using a given refrigerant, a compressor (1) contains lubricating oil and compresses the given refrigerant into a supercritical state having pressure higher than the critical pressure of the given refrigerant. In this event, the compressor discharges a compressed refrigerant of the supercritical state together with the lubricating oil. The compressed refrigerant is separated from the lubricating oil by an oil separator (2) and thereafter cooled in a radiator (3) into a cooled refrigerant. After being decompressed in an expander (4) and evaporated in an evaporator (5), the cooled refrigerant is supplied as the given refrigerant to the compressor.

Abstract: A positive displacement machine having a set of parallel meshing rotors employed in a compression-expansion refrigeration system receives a fluid refrigerant input from a condenser and expands the fluid in a first zone and forces substantially all of the liquid in the first zone to an evaporator. The remaining fluid from the first zone of the machine is then compressed in an adjacent second zone of the machine to form a high pressure vapor, which is then routed back to the condenser. The positive displacement machine includes a first rotor having a plurality of helical lobes disposed about a rotor periphery. At least one second rotor has a plurality of helical grooves disposed about a second rotor periphery for receiving the lobes of the first rotor during rotation of the rotors in opposite directions. A housing defines a chamber for enclosing the rotors.

Abstract: Extreme compactness is achieved in a combined evaporator 22 and suction line heat exchanger 20 through the use of a first, elongated, flattened, multi-port tube 34 having a major dimension DM, a minor dimension dm measured transverse to the major dimension DM and opposed ends 38, 42. The tube is formed in a serpentine configuration by bends 48 across the minor dimension dm with a plurality of generally parallel, spaced runs 46 extending between the ends 38, 42 to define the evaporator 22. An evaporator inlet fixture 30 is provided on one of the ends 38 and an evaporator outlet fixture 32 is provided on the other end 42. Fins 50 extend between adjacent ones of the runs 46. A second, elongated, flattened, multiport tube 70 having a length that is a minor fraction of that of the first tube includes opposed ends 72, 74 a major dimension DM, and a minor dimension dm measured transverse to the major dimension DM.

Abstract: A vapor compression system includes an evaporator, a compressor, and a condenser interconnected in a closed-loop system. In one embodiment, a multifunctional valve is configured to receive a liquefied heat transfer fluid from the condenser and a hot vapor from the compressor. A saturated vapor line connects the outlet of the multifunctional valve to the inlet of the evaporator and is sized so as to substantially convert the heat transfer fluid exiting the multifunctional valve into a saturated vapor prior to delivery to the evaporator. The multifunctional valve regulates the flow of heat transfer fluid through the valve by monitoring the temperature of the heat transfer fluid returning to the compressor through a suction line coupling the outlet of the evaporator to the inlet of the compressor.

Abstract: A filter/drier has, in one embodiment, an expansion valve block formed integrally with a header welded to a desiccant-containing canister. The block has a bore into which is received a precalibrated thermally responsive cartridge valve after the welding operations to prevent exposure of the cartridge valve to the elevated temperatures experienced during welding. In another embodiment, a valve block has one end of a first conduit welded to the high pressure inlet port and one end of a second conduit welded to the low pressure discharge port. A cartridge type thermally responsive precalibrated expansion valve is assembled in a block bore after welding is completed to prevent the expansion valve from being exposed to elevate temperatures experienced during welding.

Abstract: In a process for the production of a pressurized gaseous product by low-temperature separation of air, which is at times done in a gas operation and at times in a combined operation, whereby in the gas operation and in the combined operation (a) purified charging air is cooled under pressure, partially liquefied, and subjected to rectification to produce gaseous and liquid fractions, (b) extremely cold liquid of at least one of the liquid fractions from the rectification is evaporated under elevated pressure by indirect heat exchange with feed air, heated, and obtained as a pressurized gaseous product, whereby in combined operation, (c) the cold that is required for this purpose is generated in an air-refrigeration cycle, by air being compressed in the refrigeration cycle and work expanded, in which case heat is removed from the air, and the actively depressurized air that is partially in countercurrent is heated again with the charging air that is to be cooled and then repressurized, (d) extremely cold liqui

Abstract: A nanopost glass array contains up to 1012/cm2 of magnetizable nanoposts having diameter of 10-1000 nm that are straight and parallel to each other and are typically of a uniform diameter relative to each other and along the post length. The array is made using a reference electrode and a nanochannel glass template structure connected to each other electrically through an electrical source and both disposed in a plating solution. A magnetizable material is electroplated from the plating solution into the channels of the template structure.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for forming coated fibers suitable for making a composite article. A plurality of fibers are coated with an aqueous- or non-aqueous-based chemical treatment containing a curable resin such that the resin on the fibers is in a partially cured or uncured state. The coated fibers may then be formed into a composite article in a subsequent forming operation, for example, by filament winding, pultrusion, weaving, knitting, or extrusion coating. The strand of fibers may also be shaped into a preform which can be used in resin transfer molding (RTM) and injection molding processes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for manufacturing continuous a glass fiber strand. The process consists in depositing on the glass filaments which are in the process of being drawn a sizing composition consisting of a solution of which the solvent content is less than 5 wt %, the solution comprising a mixture of constituents which can be polymerized and/or crosslinked by heat treatment, at least 60 wt % of the constituents being constituents of which the molecular weight (Mw) is less than 750, less than 10 weight % being film-forming agents and 0 to 25 weight % being coupling agents, lubricants, stabilizers and initiators and/or catalysts, it being possible if necessary for the agent to be polymerized and/or crosslinked by heat treatment, in winding the strand or strands, formed by collection of the filaments, on a rotating support so as to form a wound package consisting of turns of strand coated with a non-polymerized sizing composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and device for controlling the use of a computer (60). The invention calls for providing a container (100, 200 or 300) having a locking mechanism (122, 222 or 322) for holding the peripheral device (50) of the computer. The container can completely enclose the device which effectively prevents the use of the peripheral device. Alternatively, the device can merely prevent movement of the peripheral device over a surface such as in the case of a mouse.

Abstract: Disclosed is a locking device including a slider arranged in a housing in such a fashion that it is slidable between a locking position thereof and a lock releasing position thereof, the slider having a bolt adapted to selectively lock an article to which the locking device is applied, a rotating member mounted in the housing in such a fashion that it is rotatable between a locking position thereof and a lock releasing position thereof while being always urged toward an initial position defined between the locking position thereof and the lock releasing position thereof, a cylinder mounted in the housing in such a fashion that it is rotatable between a locking position thereof and a lock releasing position thereof, the cylinder having an engagement rod adapted to selectively move the slider between the locking and lock releasing positions thereof, a plurality of key plates hingably mounted in the housing, the key plates respectively having guide channels which are misaligned from one another at an initial pos

Abstract: A lock apparatus includes a lock shell that defines a lock core receiving space between front and rear end portions thereof. A cylindrical inner shell is received rotatably in the core receiving space, and has a front chamber and a rear chamber. A stack of annular locking plates are disposed rotatably in the front chamber of the inner shell. The locking plates have central holes which cooperatively define an axial key hole of the lock core unit. An annular drive plate is disposed in the front chamber, and has a key passage hole registered with the central hole of the locking plates, and a radial outward drive member that is bent to extend axially into the rear chamber. A latch actuator has a connecting portion inserted into the core receiving space and into the rear chamber to couple with the inner shell for co-rotation therewith.

Abstract: A strip threading speed controlling apparatus for a tandem rolling mill is constructed to calculate a speed set value of two adjacent rolling stands by using a forward slip predicted considering a back tension without considering a front tension in an upstream-side rolling stand thereof, and a forward slip predicted without considering the tension in a downstream-side rolling stand, and to calculate the speed set value of each rolling stand by shifting the rolling stands stage by stage.

Abstract: There is disclosed a bending device, in which working data of feeding pitch between bending points, bending direction angle and bending angle is prepared from design data of a work, and a dividing point is determined to share the bending process by first and second joint type robots at one place of a straight line of the work able to be held by a chuck mechanism. After trial working, the working data is corrected. During the working, the first and second joint robots having joints rotatable around axes parallel with the axial direction of the work are moved to the bending position The work is held by a bending die and a clamping die rotatable around the bending die of a bending mechanism attached to the tip end of each joint type robot, and bent/worked by rotating the clamping die. When moving to the next moving position, each joint is rotated to change the attitude of the bending mechanism, and the bending mechanism is moved along the work while the work remains between the bending die and the clamping die.

Abstract: A machine for bending tubes (1) with small diameters, which are pre-cut and provided with connection systems at both ends. This machine comprises elements (5) for grasping the rear end of the tube (1), elements for entrainment of the grasping elements according to a longitudinal axis, and at least one bending head, comprising two forming rollers (7, 8), each of which has at least one peripheral groove, a folding finger (23), which is associated with a unit (24) for displacement according to a circular path which is centered on an axis (Y) at right-angles to the axis (X), and with a system (29) for displacement in translation according to an axis (Y1) which is parallel to (Y), and guide units for the tube (1), which are disposed upstream and in the vicinity of the forming rollers (7, 8).

Abstract: A method of controlling a cooling line of a mill train for rolling steel strips and sheets, with the method including calculating reference temperature conditions in the cooling line based on a preset reference temperature, calculating actual strip temperature conditions in the cooling line dependent on actual adjusted process parameters of the cooling line and specific process conditions of a strip, and controlling individually the process parameters of the cooling line by comparing the calculated actual temperature conditions with the reference temperature conditions; and a system for effecting the method.

Abstract: A take-up equipment and a take-up method for a finish rolling mill for dividing a strip into a plurality of coiled products when taking up the strip on the exit side of the finish rolling mill are provided. A plurality of take-up machines (24, 26, K1, K2) are disposed at the downstream side of a hot finish rolling mill; a shearing machine (27, 2) is provided on the upstream side of a pinch roll (23, 4) of the take-up machines (24, K1) at the uppermost stream end; and a strip passing device (28, 6a) is provided between the shearing machine and the pinch roll at the uppermost stream to prevent a strip from rising. The strip passing devices are guiding devices for restricting the height of the rise of the strip or the airflow suction type strip passing devices for drawing in a strip under suction using airflow. The plurality of take-up machines are down coilers or carousel type reels having two winding drums (66a, 66b).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for finish rolling long products such as bars, rods and the like, comprising: in a first operational mode, rolling the products through a finishing block and a reducing sizing mill arranged on a primary pass line; and in a second operational mode, diverting the products from the primary pass line to a secondary pass line bypassing the finishing block and then back to the primary pass line for rolling in the reducing sizing mill. Optionally and preferably, a cooling unit is shifted between the primary and secondary pass lines to cool products being rolled in each operational mode.

Abstract: A rolling mill for metal foil includes a pair of work rollers having axes in parallel to each other for subjecting a sheet material being supplied therebetween to strip processing, two pairs of intermediate rollers arranged so that the intermediate rollers of each pair are in contact with one of the work rollers and have axes in parallel to the axis of the contacting work roller, and two pairs of backup rollers arranged so that the backup rollers of each pair are respectively in contact with one pair of the intermediate rollers. Each pair of intermediate rollers and the pair of backup rollers in contact with the pair of intermediate rollers impart roll load to the work roller in contact with the pair of intermediate rollers. The rolling mill enables the production of large-width metal foil too thin to be self-supportable in shape with ease and high precision.

Abstract: There is described a machine for machining metal sheets, which comprises a bending machine for bending sides of a metal sheet and a manipulator-rotator that is mobile in relation to the bending machine for automatic positioning of the metal sheet during bending. The machine comprises at least one punching press for punching said metal sheet, that is served by said manipulator-rotator so that said manipulator-rotator is utilised for automatic positioning of the metal sheet both during bending and during punching of the metal sheet.

Abstract: In an apparatus for cold bending a metal sheet for making an elongated article with a predetermined pro-file, supports are provided to receive opposite ends of the sheet being formed. A form, whose cross section defines a predetermined profile, is operated perpendicularly with respect to its longitudinal axis, so as to clamp the sheet, resting on the supports, to a stop. Bending members are carried by two plates which are mounted for oscillating on a vertical plane transversal to the form, so that the bending members rotate around spindles parallel to the stop plate. The bending members are operated in time relation with a synchronous movement of the form and of the stop, so as to fold the two ends of the sheet piece over the form.