Abstract: The invention provides a bed (10) for relieving pressure exerted on a user. The bed includes a first support means (12) for supporting the user, a second support means (14) which is co-operable with the first support means (12), and a displacement means (32) for displacing the user between a first position wherein the user is supported by the first support means (12) and a second position wherein the user is supported by the first and second support means. Typically the user is an aged person, an infirm person, an incapacitated person, a patient, or the like.

Abstract: A clamp assembly including a slotted member with opposing jaws. A clamp with opposing teeth engages into said jaws and supports a rod.

Abstract: A hand tool that greatly expedites the installation of the valve locks that secure a valve spring retainer to the free end of a valve stem. The valve locks include an inwardly extending ridge that engages a circumferential groove that extends around an end portion of the valve stem. The valve lock is retained in this position by a tapered central bore of the valve spring retainer that produces an inward clamping force on the valve lock. The tool includes a plunger having a diameter equal to the diameter of the valve stem. The user positions the valve locks on the protruding cylindrical surface of the plunger, where they are held by magnetic attraction. The user pushes the end of the tool against the valve spring retainer, thereby compressing the valve spring so that the valve stem pushes the plunger into a close-fitting loader end cap until the valve locks are transferred to the valve stem and into engagement with the circumferential groove.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for manufacturing a commutator adapted to be mounted on a shaft of an electric motor for cooperation with electrical contacts of the motor, wherein a support member is molded from an electrically insulating material, the support member having a major outer surface portion divided into subsections of lesser area by a plurality of rib members extending upwardly from the outer surface portion. A sheet of electrically conductive material with minimum waste, is cut into commutator segments of predetermined shape and dimensions preferably by a stamping process for attachment to the outer surface portions of the subsections. The commutator segments are then adhesively attached to the outer surface portions of the subsections such that the segments form commutator surfaces interrupted by the rib members, with the upper surface of each segment being slightly higher than the upper surface of each of the adjacent rib members.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for compliant positioning of an object during an assembly operation wherein the apparatus includes a base plate, a locator plate for mounting an object such as a clamp or a tool spaced from the base plate and a plurality of linear actuators connected between the base plate the locator plate by universal joints providing six degrees of freedom of movement. According to the apparatus and the method a control is connected to the actuators for selectively moving the locator plate to a predetermined position relative to the base plate for contacting a component to be assembled with an object mounted on the locator plate. Two or more of the actuators can be mechanically coupled to move the locator plate with less than six degrees of freedom. The control is responsive to a force applied to the locator plate through the object during assembly of the component for actuating the linear actuators to change the applied force.

Abstract: A shoe transpiring upper wherein it comprises at least one transpiration system consisting of:

Abstract: A flower pot cover constructed of a thermoplastic material for providing a decorative cover for an item, such as a floral grouping. The flower pot cover comprises a base portion and a skirt portion. The base portion has an upper end, a lower end, a bottom having a first thickness and a continuous sidewall extending generally between the upper and lower ends of the base portion. The skirt portion is positioned circumferentially about the upper end of the base portion and extends a distance therefrom. The skirt portion is substantially flexible and has a third thickness which is less than the first thickness of the bottom of the base portion. The base portion and the skirt portion cooperate to provide the flower pot cover with a shape sustaining configuration.

Abstract: Building glass facade of a building, clamping arrangement in a facade, and a clamping arrangement for clamping a building glass pane in a facade, wherein a glass pane is secured at a building-side holding device, with the glass pane being secured between two clamp elements. At the inner clamp element is supported with adjustable prestressing a bell-shaped housing and between the bell-shaped housing and the inner clamp element there is disposed a permanently elastic spring member which permits a relative movement of the bell-shaped housing relative to the inner clamp element. Joint arrangements are provided in tandem between the glass pane and the holding device at the side of the building.

Abstract: A packaging material comprising a plurality of cushioning members for cushioning an article in a container is provided. The cushioning members being formed by crumpling a flexible sheet of material into a globular configuration having a plurality of random folds, a plurality of random engaged portions, and a plurality of voids. The sheet of material has an upper surface and a lower surface with at least one of the upper surface and the lower surface having a bonding material disposed thereon such that at least a portion of the engaged portions are bondably connected thereby increasing the resiliency of the folds.

Abstract: A fluid delivery apparatus provides for controlled delivery of fluids into a fluid system. The fluid delivery apparatus can allow a defined volume of fluid to be delivered to the fluid system cleanly, minimizing fluid waste and spillage. The fluid delivery apparatus can provide a mechanical advantage allowing the fluid to be delivered easily and efficiently to a pressurized fluid system. The apparatus can have a piston and handle arrangement that can reduce wear of the apparatus.

Abstract: A method of making a glass multiwell plate for use in biological or chemical laboratory applications whereby the plate is formed by a single ribbon of molten glass passing twice over a mold such that the first section of glass takes the form of the mold and thereby forms the wells of the plate while the second section of glass covers the wells and forms a top surface of the plate. Holes are cut through the top surface, above each well to enable access.

Abstract: In the present invention, in a method of fabricating a metal vessel formed by expanding in hydraulic bulge formation a cylinder having a bottom, wherein a flat plate material is formed into a cylinder, the edges welded, and a bottom member welded to one open part of the cylindrical shell member, the stationary point of the expanded part of the shell member is made the expanding part side from the shell member—bottom member weld of the cylinder with a bottom, and thereby by expanding the shell part on the opening side, a metal vessel is formed, and thus the time of the processing itself of a plurality of expanding process of press-working and ironing and transiting of moving from one step to the next can be completed by one step, decreasing the time and reducing the cost.

Abstract: A method of operating a probe-based instrument comprises placing a probe of the probe-based instrument in an operative state in which the probe interacts with a heated sample, measuring a parameter of probe operation indicative of a characteristic of the heated sample, and during the measuring step, maintaining interaction between the probe and the heated sample that is substantially free of influences caused by condensation on the probe. The maintaining step includes heating the probe to a temperature at which the measured parameter of probe operation is substantially free of influences caused by condensation on the probe. Heating the probe reduces or eliminates the formation of condensation on the probe from water or materials that have evaporated from the heated sample. The invention is especially useful in connection with atomic force microscopes and other probe-based instruments.

Abstract: A flexible mounted jar holder tightly holds a jar upon a flat base while a user loosens a tightened cap therefrom. The jar holder includes a resilient, ribbed gripping first retaining strap which encircles and locks the jar in place therebetween, preferably with as friction inducing members, such as a plurality of suction cups. A locking member includes a pair of upwardly extending fixed posts, and a third locking cam post, which includes an ellipsoid cross sectional diameter. A further retaining means includes at least one further flexible strap which is urged against a portion of the outer circumference of the jar to be held at a point opposite to where the first retaining strap is urged against the outer circumference of the jar to be held. This further flexible retaining strap is stretched linearly between the pair of fixed posts. Preferably the further flexible retaining strap includes a pair of further retaining straps having respective looped ends insertable over each respective fixed post.

Abstract: A method and a system for cooling a steel strip are disclosed. A high water volume mist cooler and a low water volume mist cooler are disposed along a direction in which the steel strip travels. The high water volume mist cooler sprays high water volume mists onto the surfaces of the steel strip to cool the steel strip, and then the low water volume mist cooler sprays low water volume mists onto the surfaces of the steel strip to cool the steel strip, thereby cooling the steel strip while suppressing the influence of transition boiling, to prevent the steel strip from having a temperature-nonuniform portion.

Abstract: A single meter blending fuel dispensing system utilizing a pair of proportional flow control valves each having a pressure transducer positioned aft of the valve flow control mechanism. A computer controller is used to program a desired fuel mixture by varying the pressure for each flow control valve. A pressure decrease in one valve produces a corresponding pressure increase in the other valve. A third pressure transducer can be situated downstream of the valves and is set such that the pressure it receives cannot exceed that of the two valve pressures. Flow meters can be substituted for the pressure sensors. A calibration method for calibrating the positive displacement meter is also disclosed. At installation the positive displacement meter is at its most accurate and is synchronized with the less accurate pressure sensors or flow meters.

Abstract: An apparatus (1) includes at least two transport carts (2) and a collection station (15) intended for holding the transport carts (2), whereby the transport carts (2) are provided with a manually operated shunting device (4) and are designed so that they can be pushed inside other transport carts (2) in a space-saving manner, and whereby the collection station (15) has guides (18) in which the transport carts (2) can be stored aligned in at least one row (22) and can be removed from this row (22) again. The collection station (15) is provided with at least one longitudinally extending arrangement (19) designed to transfer energy, which extends parallel to the guides (18), and that each transport cart (2) is provided with a receiving device (9) for receiving the transmitted energy.

Abstract: An electric bicycle assembly provided with a lightweight, high performance DC electric motor and a tuned centrifugal slip clutch assembly in combination therewith. This bicycle assembly includes a two-stage start-run electric control circuitry which prevents high motor zero rpm in-rush currents which may damage the motor.

Abstract: There is disclosed a pulley unit made by interposing a one-way clutch 3 in an annular space between a pulley 1 and an axial body 2, providing a deep groove ball bearing 4 on the base end side of one-way clutch 3, and a roller bearing 5 on the free end side; setting an inner rolling surface of a roller 13 of the one-way clutch 3 to be an outer diameter surface of the axial body 2, and an inner rolling surface of rolling member 22 of the roller bearing 5 to be an outer diameter surface of the axial body 2. The pulley unit permits easy position setting of the pulley 1, so that stabilized lock and free operation can be expected and productivity can be improved.

Abstract: A leaflet dispensing apparatus having a main structural body on which is mounted a carousel including a plurality of magazine for storing leaflets and an intermediate chute for transferring the leaflets from the carousel to a dispensing wheel. The dispensing wheel is adapted to remove a leaflet from the intermediate chute and to transport the leaflet to a dispensing area where a dispensing blade pushes the leaflet onto or into a container being transported by a conveyor located adjacent to the leaflet dispensing apparatus. The magazines for storing leaflets are the vehicle for reloading the carousel. The magazines may be discarded after use or may be re-used.

Abstract: A continuous band is provided for insertion into the mouth of a yard waste bag. The band is formed from a flexible material that permits it to be gripped at its center and squeezed into a collapsed position with two end loops having curved ends that will engage opposing sidewalls of the bag. In the collapsed position, the band presents a configuration of a partial lemniscate.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate having a first conductive type impurity, a well having a second conductive type impurity formed in a predetermined region of the semiconductor substrate, a plurality of field oxide layer formed on an upper surface of the semiconductor substrate having the first conductive type impurity and the well having the second conductive type impurity, a gate electrode formed on corresponding portions of the field oxide layer and the well, and a lightly doped first impurity region formed in the well between the gate electrode and the first conductive type impurity region and surrounding the first conductive impurity region from sides and lower portions thereof and relatively lightly doped in comparison to the first conductive type impurity region.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an integrated circuit including a lateral well isolation bipolar transistor. A first portion of the upper internal periphery of the insulating well is hollowed and filled with polysilicon having the same conductivity type as the transistor base, to form a base contacting region. A second portion of the upper internal periphery of the insulating well is hollowed and filled with polysilicon having the same conductivity type as the transistor emitter, to form an emitter contacting region.

Abstract: During a collision, an air bag causes deformation of a roof head lining as the air bag expands. A roof head lining deformation limiting structure restricts inward deformation of the roof head lining. Thus, the roof head lining is prevented from interfering with an interior equipment, e.g., a sun visor, thereby reducing breakage of the sun visor provided adjacent the roof head lining. The deformation limiting structure can take the form of an assist grip or a card holder. Also, the assist grip or the card holder can be mounted onto a member, e.g., a bracket, that plastically deforms upon being struck by the occupant's head during a collision, thereby absorbing a portion of the impact that would otherwise be transferred to the occupant.

Abstract: An rotor assembly 10 for use with an electrical machine. Assembly 10 includes two opposing and selectively intermeshing pole pieces 12, 14. Each pole piece 12, 14 has a body 16 and a plurality of integrally formed and outwardly extending projections or pole fingers 18. A plurality of magnets 34 are each fixedly secured, by use of swaged portions 36, within a unique one of several slots 38 which are cooperatively formed between a unique one of fingers 18 and a unique portion of body 16 of pole pieces 12, 14.

Abstract: A device (10) for introducing hydrogen into a flat display (14) of the field emission or plasma addressed liquid crystal type is described, formed of a reservoir (11) containing a hydrogen accumulator material (21) connected to the internal space (13) of the display by means of a wall (15) permeable to the passage of hydrogen gas as a function of the temperature. The device comprises a heater (19) and a heater (22) for bringing respectively the wall and the accumulator material to the desired temperatures, or a single heater which carries out both cited functions. There is also described a method by which the device is activated whenever the flat display is working, the switching on of said heater being arranged in order to bring the wall itself to a previously calculated temperature.

Abstract: An actively controlled regenerative snubber configuration for use in unipolar brushless direct current motors comprises a first inductor, a first switch and a capacitor, all of which are connected in series to a positive voltage supply and in parallel with a second inductor and a second switch. The regenerative snubber is used to maintain constant voltage across the switches to prevent braking of the motor through conduction of motor back EMF and to return excess energy stored in the motor phase coils to the positive voltage supply. The return of energy to the positive rail is done in a manner so as to minimize conducted electromagnetic interference at the power leads.

Abstract: A controller for a shutter moved between an opened position and a closed position. A plurality of location ranges is defined between the opened position and the closed position. The controller detects the current moving speed of the shutter in each range, compares the moving speed with a predetermined reference speed, and generates a stop signal based on the comparison result to stop the movement of the drive mechanism.

Abstract: A semiconductor carrier for testing semiconductor components, such as bare dice and chip scale packages, and a method for testing components using the carrier, are provided. The carrier includes a base, an interconnect for making temporary electrical connections with the component, and a force applying mechanism for biasing the component against the interconnect. The force applying mechanism includes an elastomeric biasing member adapted to apply a relatively large biasing force during assembly of the carrier and a smaller biasing force in the assembled carrier. The force applying mechanism also includes a pressure plate which can include a cushioning layer with a non-stick surface for contacting the component. In addition, the cushioning layer, and elastomeric biasing member can be made of conductive elastomers to provide an electrical path from a backside of the component.

Abstract: A clocked logic gate circuit is constituted so that a switch unit is constituted by a logic block and a reference MOS transistor, the source of the reference MOS transistor is connected to one output of the logic block, the gate of the reference MOS transistor is connected to the other output of the logic block, and MOS transistors (input transistors) constituting the logic block are connected in parallel. With this arrangement, complementary inputs are not required and a driving MOS transistor and an input transistor (or a driving MOS transistor and a reference MOS transistor) can be connected in series. As a result, a circuit is obtained which is simpler than the double rail logic in constitution is facilitated and can be operated at a higher speed than a CMOS logic circuit and a path transistor logic circuit.

Abstract: Though using an operational amplifier having not so large GB product, in order to obtain a constituting circuit is given to have enough to a deep notch characteristics, a biquad filter comprising a first and a second stages consisting an inverse amplifier and a third and a forth stages consisting an inverse integrator, replacing a feed back resistor to impedance element for compensating. The compensating impedance element is used a reactance, for example, an inductor or capacitor connected to the feed back resistor.

Abstract: A temperature-dependent measuring resistance with low mass and thereby rapid response time has a conductor path provided with at least two connection contact pads. The conductor path is applied to a metal substrate with an insulation layer (membrane) situated thereon. A portion of the conductor path spans a recess of the substrate in a bridge-like manner. The conductor path is selectively covered by a passivation layer up to its connection contact pads.

Abstract: The invention encompasses an electrical apparatus. Such apparatus comprises a first substrate having first circuitry thereon. The first circuitry has a terminal extending therefrom, and the terminal defines a first electrical node. The apparatus further comprises a first dielectric material covering a predominate portion of the first circuitry and not covering the first electrical node. Additionally, the apparatus comprises a second substrate having second circuitry thereon. The second circuitry has a terminal extending therefrom, and such terminal defines a second electrical node. A second dielectric material covers a predominate portion of the second circuitry, but does not cover the second electrical node. The second substrate comprises a different material than the first substrate. A portion of the second substrate is over a portion of the first substrate to define an overlap between the first and second substrates.

Abstract: A “Desktop Projector”, comprising a small projector, preferably supported by a mechanical arm, and a separate reflective screen, for use in lieu of a conventional computer monitor, provides substantial benefits in terms of reduced eyestrain. The projector in this application is basically a display engine with plastic enclosure, controls and user interface to form the finished product. The screen can be hung on a wall or from a ceiling or stand upright on an office desk, or could be the wall itself or a coating on the wall. The mechanical arm enables the user to control the distance from the screen to the projector, while providing a secure support for the projector and minimizing the need for monitor desk space. The arm can rotate a full circle either at the vertical cylinder or at the resting plate. This flexibility allows the projector to face the screen at the correct angle for various distances at any clamping position on the office desk.

Abstract: The present invention is an expansion of the IFB device that provides a means to enable multiple devices to access a global computer network (such as the “Internet”) from a single network connection. The present invention comprises an input modem for communicating directly with a personal computer. This device can have a second input modem that communicates directly with a second device such as a facsimile machine. The invention has an output modem that communicates with the Internet or computing network. The present invention also contains a Central Processing Unit (“CPU”) to run various application software programs, a ROM that will store the software and a RAM that can store information sent or received over the computer network. The invention also contains software utility programs that will establish a dial-up connection with the computer network that will enable a personal computer to access the network.

Abstract: In a magnetic disk apparatus in which heads integrally having write heads and read heads are arranged correspondingly to data surfaces of plural media, servo information including phase servo patterns is written discretely in a track direction onto the data surfaces of the plural media. For this reason, at first, displacement amounts of the read heads with respect to the write heads are measured in each head and each cylinder position of the media. Next, phases of the phase servo patterns are adjusted so that relative displacement amounts between the reads heads are eliminated in each head and each cylinder position of the media, and the phase servo patterns are written.

Abstract: Provided are a thin film magnetic head and a method of manufacturing the same which can obtain sufficient overwrite properties even when a pole width is reduced. Aside from an insulating film for embedding thin film coils, an insulating film pattern made of a photoresist or the like is formed between a top pole chip and the thin film coils. A TH0 position is defined by a front edge of the insulating film pattern. The insulating film pattern has a round inclined surface near the front edge thereof, and consequently a magnetic flux smoothly flows through a top connection portion on the insulating film pattern. A region between the insulating film pattern and a front portion of a top pole is filled with the top connection portion, and thus a sufficient magnetic volume is ensured in this region. The top pole chip is partly covered with the top connection portion on at least three sides.

Abstract: A socket that secures bare and minimally packaged semiconductor devices substantially perpendicularly relative to a carrier substrate. The socket includes intermediate conductive elements and a member which moves the intermediate conductive elements between an insertion position and a biased position. After placement of the intermediate conductive elements into an insertion position, a semiconductor device may be inserted into a receptacle of the socket with minimal insertion force. Movement of the member to a biased position facilitates biasing of the intermediate conductive elements against a bond pad of the semiconductor device. The intermediate conductive elements establish an electrical connection between the semiconductor device and the carrier substrate. A first embodiment of the socket includes a member which moves transversely relative to the remainder of the socket. In a second embodiment of the socket, the member moves vertically relative to the socket body.

Abstract: A rail-car status-indicating assembly is provided for mounting to the axles of railcars. A solenoid and a magnet are part of the assembly installed each to one of a non-rotating structure and a rotating structure which co-rotates with the axle so that each time the solenoid enters the magnets field a current is induced. Preferably, a housing forms the rotating structure for protecting the inductive components. A bearing and pendulum are mounted within the housing to form a non-rotating structure. Magnetically induced co-rotation is eliminated by mounting of the electrical components to an offset pivoted structure. One form of low-power status device is light emitting diodes, electrically connected to the solenoid for repeated emission of light visible to oncoming motorists. Other embodiments include use of low power temperature sensors and the use of LEDs to transmit two or more status condition or via RF transceivers.

Abstract: Instead of using a common substrate (101) for each sector of a flash memory, trenches are used to isolate columnar active substrate regions (304) of the substrate (101), and independent access to each of these columnar regions (304) is provided. First, the independent access to each of these columnar regions (304) provides a capability for achieving more precise control over the voltage on the floating gates (106). For example, flash memory in accordance with the present invention is better suited for multi-level storage (storing of more than 1 bit of information per cell). Second, the independent access to each of these columnar regions (304) also provides a capability for areas of flash memory smaller than an entire sector to be erased at one time. Finally, since both programming and erasing is achieved by way of cold electron tunneling from the columnar active substrate region (304), no high voltages need to be applied to either the drain (102) or source (104).

Abstract: The present invention is a current-mirror-based bias generator for a load less four transistor SRAM as well as associated methods of controlling or modifying the current conducted by the access transistors of such an SRAM. The present invention may be thought of as an adjustable temperature coefficient, bias generator that references, via a current mirror, a reference bank of SRAM cells. The bank of reference cells provides an indication of the necessary conduction characteristics (e.g., gate to source voltage) of the access transistors under various conditions. By applying a bias voltage to the word line the desired current is sourced from the digit line. The bank of reference SRAM cells inherently compensates for process variations. The adjustable temperature coefficient bias generator allows the current sourced by the digit lines to vary greatly as a result of temperature variations. Thus, the present invention compensates for both process variations and temperature variations.

Abstract: The present invention is a current-mirror-based bias generator for a load less four transistor SRAM as well as associated methods of controlling or modifying the current conducted by the access transistors of such an SRAM. The present invention may be thought of as an adjustable temperature coefficient, bias generator that references, via a current mirror, a reference bank of SRAM cells. The bank of reference cells provides an indication of the necessary conduction characteristics (e.g., gate to source voltage) of the access transistors under various conditions. By applying a bias voltage to the word line the desired current is sourced from the digit line. The bank of reference SRAM cells inherently compensates for process variations. The adjustable temperature coefficient bias generator allows the current sourced by the digit lines to vary greatly as a result of temperature variations. Thus, the present invention compensates for both process variations and temperature variations.

Abstract: Improvement in an operating speed of a semiconductor device reduces power consumption. A current flowing through internal circuits 2A and 2B is supplied, via nodes N5 and N6, by transistors 13 through 20 forming two current mirror circuits as required. A voltage supplied to the internal circuits 2A and 2B is supplied from a transistor 10 via the nodes N5 and N6.

Abstract: An optical pickup apparatus having compatibility with a recodable compact disk (CD-R) and a digital video disk (DVD), which uses a wavelength of one of a first light beam and a second light beam according to the recording medium to be used. In the optical pickup apparatus, laser light sources emit a first light beam having a relatively shorter wavelength for the DVD and a second light beam having a longer wavelength for the CD-R, respectively. An objective lens has a predetermined focal length in accordance with the position of an information recording surface in the DVD. An optical path control unit controls the path of light beams so that the light beam emitted from one of the laser light sources is directed to the objective lens and the light output from the objective lens is directed to the optical detection unit.

Abstract: Shipping lock apparatus for securing a moveable cartridge picker assembly to a frame may comprise a lock member mounted to the cartridge picker assembly so that the lock member can be moved between a locked position and an unlocked position. A thumb assembly contained within the cartridge picker contacts the lock member as the thumb assembly moves to a retracted position so that the lock member is moved to the unlocked position when the thumb assembly reaches the retracted position. A slot associated with the frame is sized to engage the lock member when the cartridge picker assembly is located at a stowed position and when the lock member is placed in the locked position.

Abstract: A disc rotating apparatus includes a turntable for placing thereon a disc such as CD, DVD. The disc is clamped by the turntable and the disc holding frame. The holding frame is formed, at its main body, with an annular groove. The annular groove is circumferentially partitioned by a plurality of partition walls to thereby provide a plurality of accommodating portions. Each of the accommodating portions accommodates therein one or two or more steel balls. Due to rotation of the turntable or disc, each steel ball is displaced within the accommodating portion, thereby correcting for an unbalanced state wherein a center of gravity of the disc is deviated from an axis of a rotary shaft of turntable.

Abstract: A digital FM signal generator allows the generation of a modulated FM signal for broadcasting without the need for an analog modulator. The signal generator includes a digital signal processor which receives left and right signals from left and right signal channels and interpolates the signals to create a composite base band signal. The composite base band signal is then used by a numerically controlled oscillator to modulate a digital carrier signal. The result is a digital modulated FM RF signal which is then converted to an analog signal for broadcasting.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for compressing a mixed raster content image that represents a color or gray scale a document is disclosed. The pixel map is decomposed into a three-plane representation—a reduced-resolution “upper” plane, a reduced-resolution “lower” plane, and a high-resolution binary selector plane. An iterative smoothing technique is then used to pre-process the upper and lower planes using the information contained in the selector plane, thereby reducing the amount of data that will be subjected to further processing.

Abstract: A test pattern which has an outputted image obtained by said image processing executing normal image processing is used to self-judge an image processor. Namely, image data of the above described test pattern is transmitted to the image processor and image processing is effected by the image processor. The image outputted (the results of the image processing) from this image processing and the original image are compared to each other. When they do not correspond to each other, the image processing by the current image processor is judged to be abnormal. In this case, the image processing using the image processor (hard ware process) is switched promptly and automatically to be emulated by an auto set-up engine (soft ware process). Further, in the image processor section, ordinarily, all of the three frame memories are used to effect processes including reading of image data, image processing, and outputting of image data at the same time and in parallel.

Abstract: An optical system unit for optical transceiver is fabricated integral with lenses by molding of a resin material for providing a desired level of the optical characteristics with no use of mirrors. The optical system unit for optical transceiver 201 for optically coupling with a connector 202 having a fiber optic cable 205 has a pair of convex lenses 212 and 213 thereof provided to face the coupling end of a transmission optical fiber 203 and the coupling end of a reception optical fiber 204 respectively. The two lenses 212 and 213 may be identical in the optical characteristics. A lead frame 215 having two steps is provided beneath the two lenses 212 and 213. A light emitting device 216 and a light receiving device 217 are mounted on the two, upper and lower, steps of the lead frame 215 respectively. The lead frame 215 is carefully bent at a certain angle, aligned with the axes of the optical fibers, and embedded in the resin material.