Abstract: A three-dimensional laminate beam is formed by inserting a preformed foam core insert within a hydra-formed metal section having curved three-dimensional geometry. A reinforcing polymer is pumped in and around the foam core insert so as to be adjacent the inside wall of the shell. The polymer bonds to the inside wall of the shell upon the polymer being cured.

Abstract: A method and system for providing the foundation pad and stem wall structure for mobile homes includes the steps of excavating a building site to form a substantially level building area; erecting simple concrete formwork to define and contain the pouring of a concrete slab foundation pad; positioning and leveling a plurality of stem wall support blocks at predetermined positions about and spaced inwardly of the periphery of the concrete formwork, the support blocks having an upper surface height which is less than the height of the formwork and hence the thickness of the future concrete slab foundation pad; placing precast concrete stem wall sections on the level support blocks to form an upright perimeter wall; and pouring the concrete slab foundation pad defined by the concrete formwork to embed the support blocks and bottom edge portion of the precast stem walls in the foundation pad thereby positively and rigidly fixing the stem wall and foundation pad together when the poured concrete cures.

Abstract: A spacer frame is disclosed having a polygonal, preferably mainly square frame where the frame surrounds glass panes of a sealed glass window unit by forming an upper and a lower horizontal part, at least two side parts, all of which form at least one linear listing or frame. The frame additionally has corresponding asymmetric corner keys and symmetric corner keys, each having legs. The upper horizontal part of the spacer frame preferably has a design which facilitates installation of a mechanism for a blind or pleated sheet which can be fixed underneath the spacer frame thereby hanging between respective panes of the sealed glass unit. The asymmetric corner-keys are connected with one leg to spacer elements and the other leg to the upper horizontal spacer listing elements which has two profile elements. In connection with the spacer element permanent magnets are located in two identical sets positioned on each side of an inner glass pane of the sealed unit.

Abstract: A roof structure comprises at least one ducted plastics panel having a top wall, bottom wall, and connecting walls, therebetween, said at least one panel being cut to a desired size and having an open space between the top and bottom walls and the last connecting wall, and an adaptor located in said open space, the adaptor having formations thereon for coupling to a glazing bar.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for of enhancing the mixing of foam precursors in foam-in-bag precursor systems, to thereby enhance the quality of the resulting foam. The method comprises externally agitating a bag formed from plastic film material and containing separated foam-forming precursors, to thereby mix the precursors and form foam, and wherein the bag has been warmed to a temperature above ambient temperature prior to the agitation.

Abstract: A method of packaging a plurality of nut assemblies. Each nut assembly includes a flat head formed with a bolt hole, a pair of elongated flat arms extending parallel to each other in one direction from both sides of the head and each formed with a longitudinally elongated hole, and a nut substantially in the shape of a square pole having first and second opposed pairs of longitudinal sides and formed with pins protruding laterally through the first opposed pair of longitudinal sides and loosely received in the respective elongated holes of the arms so that the nut is pivotable about the pins relative to the arms. The nut is further formed with a threaded hole extending therethrough between the second opposed pair of longitudinal sides. To package such nut assemblies, a resilient package formed with elongated grooves having a width smaller than the distance between the second opposed pair of longitudinal sides of the nut is prepared, and a plurality of nut assemblies are pushed into the grooves of the package.

Abstract: A motor-driven and controlled packaging machine for forming pouches from a web of material. The controls allow the machine to be run with either a continuously or intermittently advancing web. Seal bars are mounted on moveable carriages which move with the web as they form the seals. A web unwind is servo controlled to minimize the amount of festoon section needed when operating in intermittent mode. Each registration-related component of the machine has a dedicated sensor for independently registering each component with the web. Accordingly, the machine may regain registration with minimal web waste and can be quickly and easily repositioned for different pouch sizes.

Abstract: An apparatus for wrapping net about bales formed in the baling chamber of a large round baler is arranged such that the net material supply roll is pressed directly against the driven wrap material feed roll by a pressure roll carried by a pair of transversely spaced lower arm portions of a lower arm section of a vertically swingable pressure arm assembly that also includes a separate, upper arm section. The force pressing the pressure roll against the supply roll originates with gas springs coupled to a linkage that is in turn coupled to transversely spaced upper arm portions of the upper arm section, these arm portions carrying respective force transfer rollers that engage respective intermediate sections of the lower arm portions.

Abstract: A saddlecloth includes an external cloth portion having at least one attachment member for cooperation with a complementary attachment member on an inside surface of a saddle, with the at least one attachment member of the saddlecloth and the complementary attachment member of the riding saddle forming a Velcro-type fastener. An additional attachment member may be arranged on the outside of each side member of the saddlecloth in substantial parallel relationship to the front edge of the saddlecloth for cooperation with a complementary further attachment member on the inside of the saddle flaps, with the additional attachment member and the complementary further attachment member forming a Velcro-type fastener.

Abstract: A fill indicator for a clippings collection container of a mower having a lever pivotable in response to grass clippings piling up on top of the lever. The lever and the electrical switch that the lever engages are pivotable about an axis as a unit to adjust the sensitivity of the fill indicator.

Abstract: A yield monitor system for determining quantity of harvested sugar cane on a sugar cane harvesting vehicle is disclosed. The vehicle has a harvesting mechanism including a base cutter assembly for severing sugar cane from a field, a chopper assembly for chopping the severed sugar cane into billets, and an elevating assembly for elevating the billets during transport to a storage device, the elevating assembly having an elevator motor coupled to a pressurized hydraulic fluid source. The yield monitor system includes a sensing assembly and a control monitor. The sensing assembly generates a sensed signal representative of a quantity of harvested sugar cane being transported to the storage device. The control monitor receives the sensed signal and determines the quantity of harvested sugar cane therefrom.

Abstract: A sugar cane harvester has a cutting mechanism which utilizes pairs of cutting disks and does not require synchronization of the cutting disks. Each of the cutting disks has a revolving cutter mounted on its circumference. The cutters are formed from saw-toothed, concatenated arcuate segments which are removably mounted on the cutting disks. The arcuate segments of each pair of cooperating cutting disks overlap slightly where the two disks meet and are slightly eccentrically arranged on the cutting disks such that the external boundary line of the circumference of the segments tapers off from a maximum to a minimum.

Abstract: A cotton harvester conveying system includes a cross auger with dual flighting that moves the material to a central location where four rapidly rotating paddles direct the material rearwardly into a separation duct. Heavier trash and debris settle towards the bottom of the auger, and the paddles propel the heavier material along a lower wall of the separation duct. The separation duct includes deflectors which intercept a lower portion of the rearwardly directed material. Heavy material loses momentum as it contacts the deflectors and drops out of the stream of conveyed material. Auger and paddle speed is maintained above approximately 750 rpm to break up clumps and provide efficient skimming action for removal of unwanted heavy material in the separation duct.

Abstract: A front-mounted attachment (2) for harvester-threshers (1) for harvesting soy-beans and peas has a resiliently mounted additional cutting mechanism (4), whose cutter drive (5) can be derived from the drive of the cutting mechanism of the harvester-thresher (1). To ensure a simple and trouble-free operation, the cutter drive (5) includes an oil-bath transmission (6) to be connected to the drive of the cutting mechanism of the harvester-thresher (1) via a belt drive (7), which oil-bath transmission is mounted on a lateral runner (8) pivotally mounted at the cutting mechanism (10) of the harvester-thresher so as to be swivelled about a horizontal transverse axis (A) by a swivel arm (9).

Abstract: A preformed frame for a harvesting machine header having a main beam that is constructed of a single piece tube extending from end to end of the header. The single piece tube is preformed by vertically cutting the tube at a location intermediate the two ends and bending the tube to raise the ends upward and forward. A cap covers the top, front and rear walls of the beam and a gusset plate is placed on the bottom of the single piece tube at the location of the cut. The gusset plate, cap and single piece tube are welded together to hold the preformed shaped of the tube. When the header is supported above ground, the deflection brings the cutterbar, not the main beam, to a substantially straight and horizontal position.

Abstract: A header transport lower rest bracket assembly for a header transport carriage having a frame, including a bottom bracket member capable of being movably clamped to the frame, the bottom bracket member having a pair of side plates having a correspondingly aligned working position hole located in a central region and a correspondingly aligned storage position hole located in an end region, a riser pad having an upper support surface and a riser backstop projecting from the upper support surface at an angle from vertical, and a pair of leg plates extending downwardly from the upper support surface, each of the leg plates having a correspondingly aligned substantially centrally located mounting hole and a lobe extending past the upper support surface adjacent the riser backstop, and a pin for retaining the riser pad in either a working position or a storage position, wherein the riser pad in a working position sets on the top support surface of the bottom bracket member and is held in place by the pin extending

Abstract: A round baler includes bale forming mechanism and a crop delivery apparatus for delivering crop material to the bale forming mechanism. A clutch is provided for drivingly disconnecting the bale forming mechanism and delivery apparatus from the driveline while the tailgate is raised to discharge a wrapped bale. Engagement and disengagement of the clutch is controlled by a piston and cylinder assembly, and raising and lowering of the tailgate is controlled by a pair of piston and cylinder units. The baler is provided with a hydraulic sequencing circuit that connects the clutch assembly and the tailgate units to a common source of pressurized fluid. Moreover, the sequencing circuit controls fluid flow to the assembly and the units so that the clutch is disengaged before the tailgate is raised and the clutch is not re-engaged until the tailgate has been closed.

Abstract: An apparatus for positioning a hay rake where the hay rake includes a gearbox with a central nonrotating part, a peripheral rotating part, and rake arms attached to the peripheral rotating part. In one embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus includes an actuator where the actuator is mounted above the gearbox. A support frame is mounted below the gearbox and is movable between a first lower position and a second upper position. A connecting member is disposed through a bore in the central nonrotating part of the gearbox and is coupled at its upper end to the actuator and at its lower end to the support frame. The support frame is movable to its second upper position in response to a force imparted to it by the actuator through the connecting member. Additionally, the invention may include a tow bar assembly. The tow bar assembly has a rear extended part connected to the gearbox. A central extended part is connected to the rear extended part.

Abstract: A rake device includes a rake secured to the front end of a rod, and another rake pivotally secured to the rod at a lateral pivot shaft. The rakes may be rotated toward each other to grasp leaves and grass. One of the rakes includes one or more cams, and the other rake includes one or more actuators for engaging with the cams and for rotating the rakes toward each other. A frame is secured to the rod and having a number of apertures for receiving the tines of one of the rakes which is coupled to a handle that may move the tines relative to the frame to a folding position.

Abstract: A cable twisting method and apparatus, for forming double twisted pair cables. The invention longitudinally distributes the eccentricities of the individual cables, where the helical propagation of the eccentricity is not conformal to the helix formed by the geometric shape of the cables.

Abstract: In an individual-spindle-drive type multiple twister that directly employs separate motors to drive the spindle shafts of each twisting unit, when a spindle is inserted into the housing during motor assembly, a rotor and a stator may attract each other and adhere to each other, and this attraction may prevent the spindle shaft from being correctly inserted into a target bearing, thus making it difficult to assemble the motor. A spindle shaft 4 is rotatably supported by bearings 27a and 28a mounted onto upper and lower supporting members 27 and 28. The distance A between the lower end of the rotor magnet 32 of the drive motor 10 fixed to the spindle shaft 4 and the lower end of the spindle shaft 4 is longer than the distance B between the upper end of the stator coil 31, which is fixed to the housing 34 of the drive motor 10, and the bearing 28a of the lower supporting member 28. In addition, the tip 4 of the spindle shaft 4c is tapered to facilitate insertion.

Abstract: A steel cord (10) for reinforcing elastomeric articles. The steel cord (10) having a plurality of strands (14). Each strand (14) having a core (20) and a sheath (22). The sheath (22) being a plurality of steel filaments that are helically wrapped about the core (20). A first strand (16) extending longitudinally through the center of the steel cord (10). The remaining strands (18) being helically wrapped about the first strand (16). The core (20) of the first strand (16) being a plurality of filaments twisted together. In a preferred embodiment, the core (20) of the first strand 16 being three filaments twisted together.

Abstract: Airflows A1, A2 of compressed air are generated along a predetermined guiding surface 9, and directed against the yarn layer surface F of a package, causing the yarn end to be retrieved. A high-speed airflow A1 from the compressed air, and an accompanying airflow A2 which is pulled along with the high-speed airflow A1 lift the yarn end E from the yarn layer surface F. The yarn end E can be guided and retrieved with airflow A1, making use of the Coanda effect along the guiding surface 9. Accordingly, a yarn end can be easily and reliably retrieved using a low-capacity compressor.

Abstract: A service unit (16) for a cheese-producing textile machine (1), in particular an open-end spinning machine, has manipulation devices for repairing ordinary yarn breaks, an auxiliary yarn transport device (34) for piecing yarn following a cheese/empty tube exchange, and a control device (24) storing a first program with optimal operating parameters for piecing an ordinary yarn break and a second program setting differing operating parameters for producing a safety piecing following a cheese/empty tube exchange.

Abstract: On a textile machine, arL empty spool (12) is conveyed along a multiplicity of spool stations (1) situated next to one another. In a predetermined position relative to a grasping apparatus (3) the said empty spool (12) is stopped and is picked up by said grasping apparatus (3), and held by its circumferential surface. After its being lifted by the grasping apparatus (3), the spool (12) is retained in an axial alignment. This retention is discontinued, before the spool (12) is released at the spool station (1) where it is required. For the execution of this procedure, a retaining arrangement (8), composed of stopping devices (4 and 5), is provided for the spool (12) which is held by the grasping apparatus (3). The retaining arrangement (8) idles in a location outside of the transport path which the empty spool (12) will occupy when held.

Abstract: A condensing zone is arranged downstream of the drafting apparatus of a ring spinning machine, through which condensing zone an air permeable transport belt transports the drafted fiber strand. A cleaning element is arranged at the transporting element, which cleaning element takes the form of, for example, a cleaning roller, and which is pressed using a light pressure onto the transporting belt. The rotation direction of the cleaning roller preferably runs in the opposite direction to the direction of motion of the transport belt. The driven bottom roller of the front roller pair of the drafting apparatus can serve as a cleaning roller.

Abstract: A silent chain is constituted by a number of articulately connected link plates each having an engagement surface for meshing engagement with teeth of a sprocket. The link plates are press-formed so that the engagement surface includes a smooth sheared surface. All of the link plates have respective sheared surfaces along not more than 60% of the thickness of the link plates. In order to reduce noises produced when the link plates mesh with the sprocket teeth, more than 50% of the link plates have respective sheared surfaces along 7 to 15% of the thickness of the link plates and are arranged randomly in the silent chain.

Abstract: A removable link for use in an arrangement comprising a plurality of interlocking links is provided.

Abstract: A connecting shackle to facilitate the release of the guide-chain that normally links a chain for naval use used in the setting of the position of ships or oil recovery platforms, including a chain linked-shaped body. The body has an open section that is closed and opened to facilitate the corresponding linking and separating between the chains, by a first piece and second piece (4 and 5) fastenable together by transversal screws (6), and the pieces (4 and 5) are provided with recesses (11-12) complementary of end extensions (3-3′) of the open section of the body (1) of the shackle.

Abstract: For gas turbine engine mounted in an aircraft, a closed loop control system, and method therefor, for the inlet duct is provided. Under this control system the flow area of the inlet duct is varied by opening and closing a duct door. The control assures that the position of the door is such that the delta P across the engine will not inhibit the starting of the engine in flight.

Abstract: A hydraulic air compressor (HAC) and system and method are set forth for aerobic treatment of waste effluent and for generation of power. The waste liquid is supplied to an upper end of a down shaft for the HAC which includes injection of air into the liquid for compression and for aerobic treatment of the liquid. The liquid falls to a separator where compressed air is liberated from the liquid. The liquid is returned to, for example, a sludge pond for recirculation and treatment. The compressed air is supplied as combustion air to a power generation unit such as a gas turbine for generation of electricity.

Abstract: A gas turbine fuel injection system of the lean direct injector type designed to reduce nitrous oxide (NOx) emissions is provided. The configuration includes a pilot fuel injector for injecting a pilot fuel stream, and a pilot swirler for providing a swirling pilot air stream to atomize and entrain the pilot fuel stream. A main airblast fuel injector is located concentrically about the pilot fuel injector, for injecting a main fuel stream concentrically about the pilot fuel stream. Inner and outer main swirlers provide a swirling main air stream to atomize and entrain the main fuel stream. An air splitter is located between the pilot swirler and the main swirler. The air splitter is so arranged and constructed as to divide the pilot air stream exiting the pilot swirler and the air splitter, from the main air stream exiting the inner main swirler, whereby a bifurcated recirculation zone is created.

Abstract: A combined cycle power plant is disclosed, which has a backup function operating during the normal operation as well as when the plant is activated, so as to reliably maintain the steam cooling operation when an abnormal phenomenon occurs. In this power plant, the cool steam of the steam cooling system for cooling a high-temperature portion of the gas turbine is the high-pressure exhaust gas of the high-pressure turbine. When the exhaust gas is unexpectedly insufficient, high or medium-pressure steam output from the exhaust heat recovery boiler is introduced as cool steam into the steam cooling system, thereby reliably continuing the steam cooling operation.

Abstract: A variable length pre-mixer assembly comprises an upstream end for receiving compressed air from a compressor and a downstream end disposed in flow communication with a combustor. Pre-mixer assembly comprises an upstream forward clamp, a swirler assembly having a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart vanes disposed adjacent the upstream end for swirling compressed air channeled therethrough. An elongate centerbody has a first end joined to and extending through the swirler and a second end disposed downstream therefrom. A downstream fuel nozzle shroud has an outlet in flow communication with the combustor. Additionally, at least one removably disposed fuel nozzle spacer is alternatively disposed between a first position between the upstream forward clamp and the swirler assembly and a second position between the swirler assembly and the downstream fuel nozzle so as to change the relative position of the swirler assembly and alter the pre-mixer assemblies acoustical resonance characteristics.

Abstract: A fuel metering system for a turbojet engine includes (1) a pump-supplied feed pipe; (2) a supply pipe to the engine; (3) a recirculation pipe; (4) a main metering valve; (5) a pressure control device for the main metering valve; (6) an emergency device for an unintentional opening of the main metering valve; and (7) an automatic pressure limiting device for the pipe system. Control-related connections of the main metering valve and the emergency device exist to an electronic engine controller. The pressure control device and the emergency device are combined in a recirculation valve and are controlled by the engine controller.

Abstract: In a gas turbine engine bladed disk (36) positioned between rotor disk (14) and combustor (16). Bladed disk (36) is mounted for rotation together with rotor disk (14) and has blades (38) projecting toward inlet portion (20) of combustor (16). The bladed disk has openings (40) between blades (38) for establishing communication between source of compressed fluid (12) and turbine blades (15). Seals (46, 48) are provided between bladed disk (36) and casing (10).

Abstract: The invention concerns an acoustic igniter for igniting a mixture of rocket fuels in a liquid propellant rocket engine combustion chamber comprising a cylindrical precombustion chamber (101) including a cylindrical wall (111) and first and second end walls (112, 113), a rocket fuel injection nozzle (103) emerging into the precombustion chamber (101) through the first end wall (112) via an orifice of diameter dn, a rocket fuel injector (104) arranged inside said nozzle (103) along the axis thereof, at least an outlet orifice (102) of minimum diameter df provided in the cylindrical wall (111), an acoustic resonator (105) defining a cavity opening into the precombustion chamber (101) opposite the nozzle (103), through the second end wall (113), via an orifice (151) of diameter dr. The acoustic resonator (105) is enclosed by a housing (106) which defines around the acoustic resonator (105) a closed auxiliary chamber (160) which communicates only with the precombustion chamber (101) by at least one conduit (107).

Abstract: A reduced toxicity fuel satellite propulsion system including a reduced toxicity propellant supply (10) for consumption in an axial class thruster (14) and an ACS class thruster (16). The system includes suitable valves and conduits (22) for supplying the reduced toxicity propellant to the ACS decomposing element (26) of an ACS thruster. The ACS decomposing element is operative to decompose the reduced toxicity propellant into hot propulsive gases. In addition the system includes suitable valves and conduits (18) for supplying the reduced toxicity propellant to an axial decomposing element (24) of the axial thruster. The axial decomposing element is operative to decompose the reduced toxicity propellant into hot gases. The system further includes suitable valves and conduits (20) for supplying a second propellant (12) to a combustion chamber (28) of the axial thruster, whereby the hot gases and the second propellant auto-ignite and begin the combustion process for producing thrust.

Abstract: A centrifugal direct injection engine having an open-ended compartment with a combustion chamber at a closed end thereof and an exhaust nozzle at its open end. The compartment is provided with a narrow portion defining a throat that connects the combustion chamber and the exhaust nozzle. A propellant injection manifold is rotatably mounted within the combustion chamber, the propellant injection manifold being configured for rapid rotation within the combustion chamber. The propellant injection manifold includes an upper disk member, an intermediate disk member and a lower disk member, the disks being joined together to form an integral member with the outer perimeter of the disks being in registration with one another. A fuel is introduced into the combustion chamber through the propellant injection manifold and the nozzles.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of highly efficiently purifying nitrogen oxides are provided. An NOx chemisorption reduction catalyst chemically absorbs NOx under a condition that an exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine is an oxidizing atmosphere and deoxidizes adsorbed NOx under a reducing atmosphere. An SOx absorbent absorbs SOx contained in the exhaust gas of the oxidizing atmosphere, and deoxidizes and release SOx absorbed in the reducing atmospheric exhaust gas. The catalyst and absorbent are arranged in the exhaust path to purify the exhaust gas while preventing or suppressing SOx-poisoning of the NOx chemisorption reduction catalyst.

Abstract: A method of conditioning an automotive catalyst by (a) electrolyzing water on-board the vehicle to derive and store separate quantities of hydrogen and oxygen at pressures in the range of 50-100 psi; (b) immediately upon initiation of engine starting, rapidly transferring stoichiometric proportions of the separated and stored hydrogen and oxygen to a front face location of a catalyst substrate to heat the catalyst substrate by spontaneous catalytic recombination of the hydrogen and oxygen and thereby raise the temperature of the catalyst substrate rapidly to a temperature at which certain emissions can be catalytically converted; (c) complete cranking of the engine to admit emissions laden with CO and HC to the catalyst substrate while continuing to transfer stoichiometric proportions of the hydrogen and oxygen to said front face location for raising the substrate temperature to about 300° C.

Abstract: An electronic engine controller controls the catalytic converter temperature by generating a desired rich air/fuel ratio that will maintain the catalytic converter at a predetermined temperature. The actual air/fuel ratio is ramped to the desired air/fuel ratio at a first rate when the catalytic converter temperature is greater than a first predetermined temperature. The actual air/fuel ratio is ramped to the desired air/fuel ratio at a second rate when the catalytic converter temperature is greater than a second predetermined temperature but less than the first predetermined temperature.

Abstract: This invention relates to an exhaust recirculation system for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine (1), wherein intake air aspirated to a collector (4) from an intake passage (6) of circular cross-section is provided to cylinders (#1-#4) via branch pipes (5A-5D) connected the collector (4). The exhaust gas recirculation system is provided with an exhaust gas recirculation pipe (7) which branches off from an exhaust passage (3) and connected to the intake passage (6), and an exhaust gas inlet (8, 9) which leads a recirculated exhaust gas of the exhaust recirculation pipe (7) into the intake passage (6) along a tangent line of the circular cross-section of the intake passage (6).

Abstract: A pressure-operated linear actuator in which the working liquid is Electro-Rheological (ER) fluid in which there is a single flow path between an inlet and an outlet of an associated pump in which there are two or more pistons and fluid chambers delineated by these pistons, which fluid chambers are connected in series by stationary ER valves distinct from the pistons such that the pressure as determined by each of the ER valves is applied to one or more of the chamber(s), wherein one or both of the ER valves are divided into two or more sections in order to minimize the length, and maximize the cross-sectional area, of the inactive connecting passages.

Abstract: A hydraulic lifting-lowering-system for a working table, a couch or lying furniture or another heavy object allows the height level or position to be frequently adjusted or changed. The system includes a predetermined amount of hydraulic fluid, a hydraulic fluid accumulator, the fluid pressure of which on the hydraulic fluid side is adjustable, a single acting hydraulic cylinder with two end caps, a piston pressure chamber and a piston rod which, via a piston rod sealing ring, extends sealingly out through the one end cap of the cylinder. The piston pressure chamber is pressure fluid connected to the hydraulic fluid side of the accumulator. The hydraulic cylinder is of the plunger piston type, and the cylindric tube of the hydraulic cylinder is slideably and telescopically mounted in a cylindrical guiding tube, which surrounds the piston rod in its entire length and is rigidly secured to the one end of the piston rod via a cross plate or similar construction part.

Abstract: An axle driving apparatus consisting of a housing for compactly housing inner portions of axles, a hydrostatic transmission, and a transmitting mechanism for transmitting power to the axles from an output shaft of the hydrostatic transmission. The housing is partitioned by an internal wall into a chamber containing the hydrostatic transmission and a chamber containing the other transmitting mechanisms. The housing is filled with oil in common with both chambers. A trunnion for changing the output rotation of the hydrostatic transmission is disposed in parallel to the axles. A shock absorber is provided to prevent abrupt speed change. A differential locking device is attached to the differential gear to thereby improve the straightforward running capacity of the vehicle.

Abstract: A heat engine having two stages, a first low temperature chamber and a second high temperature chamber. A low boiling point liquid or solution is heated in a first low temperature chamber to slightly above the boiling point. A second high temperature chamber having electric heating coils therein is injected with the returned condensed liquid at predetermined times causing a high vapor pressure driving a piston. The expanding vapor or gas is returned though an exhaust port and condensed by a cooling chamber to be returned to the solution or liquid reservoir. The piston is used to do work and may be coupled to a generator. Different piston configurations may be used. The heat engine of the present invention has the advantage of using a relatively low boiling point liquid, which may be heated by a variety of fuel sources, including solar energy. The invention has a relatively quick response time as a result of the second high temperature chamber.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for actuating nonsystem-connected vehicles by means of high-temperature accumulators and for the operation of stationary energy storage using material with high evaporation enthalpy as storage media for high-temperature heat. Said high-temperature heat is generated by means of current transfer and can be stored for a sufficient length of time by means of super isolation and high-temperature resistant carbon materials. On demand, the stored high-temperature heat can be converted directly into electric operating energy, specifically pressure energy, for actuating hydraulic motors by means of a thermionic generator or a Stirling motor.

Abstract: An actuator for cycling between first and second positions includes a first shaped memory alloy (SMA) leg, a second SMA leg. At least one heating/cooling device is thermally connected to at least one of the legs, each heating/cooling device capable of simultaneously heating one leg while cooling the other leg. The heating/cooling devices can include thermoelectric and/or thermoionic elements.

Abstract: A master cylinder includes a cylinder, a piston slidably provided in the cylinder, an annular cup seal held on an inner circumferential surface of the cylinder, and a relief port formed in the piston. The piston and the cylinder define a pressure chamber for generating fluid pressure in front of the piston, and the cylinder and an outer circumferential surface of the piston define a fluid supply chamber which communicates with a reservoir. The cup seal is adapted to slide against the outer circumferential surface of the piston to separate the fluid supply chamber from the pressure chamber. The relief port provides communication between the pressure chamber and the fluid supply chamber. A control taper surface is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the piston rearwardly from the relief port. The control taper surface is tapered toward the front of the piston and is capable of abutting against an inner circumferential surface of the cup seal.