Abstract: A water based ink composition is disclosed. A precursor, which can be converted to an insoluble pigment employing at least one of a chemical means, a thermal means, a photodecomposition means, and a radiation means, is dissolved in a water based solvent in the ink.

Abstract: A wall repair compound useful for filling and repairing cracks, holes, and other imperfections in a wall surface includes a conventional filler material, a conventional binder material, and a dust reducing additive which reduces the quantity of airborne dust particles generated when sanding the hardened joint compound. Airborne dust reducing additives include oils, surfactants, solvents, waxes, and other petroleum derivatives. The additive can be added to conventional ready-mixed joint compounds and to setting type joint compounds. A method of reducing the quantity of airborne dust generated when sanding a fully hardened joint compound includes mixing a sufficient quantity of the dust reducing additive with the joint compound prior to when the joint compound has been applied to the wall.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to cementitious dry cast mixtures for forming cementitious articles, particularly a cementitious dry cast mixture containing a dispersant, wherein said dispersant is a derivatized polycarboxylate dispersant which is a polymer comprising units derived from at least a substituted carboxylic acid monomer or substituted ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and optionally including at least one of an unsaturated hydrocarbon, an N-polyoxyalkylene maleimide, and a condensation product of an unsubstituted carboxylic acid monomer and an alkoxypolyoxyalkylene primary amine substituted carboxylic acid monomer.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for rapidly carbonating large cement structures, by forming and hardening cement in a mold under high carbon dioxide density, such as supercritical or near-supercritical conditions. The method is more reliable, efficient, and effective than are post-molding treatments with high-pressure CO2. Cements molded in the presence of high-pressure CO2 are significantly denser than otherwise comparable cements having no CO2 treatment, and are also significantly denser than otherwise comparable cements treated with CO2 after hardening. Bulk carbonation of cementitious materials produces several beneficial effects, including reducing permeability of the cement, increasing its compressive strength, and reducing its pH. These effects are produced rapidly, and extend throughout the bulk of the cement—they are not limited to a surface layer, as are prior methods of post-hardening CO2 treatment.

Abstract: A method for transferring an embroidery frame backward in case of thread breakage, includes the steps of: a) detecting the thread breakage to generate a thread breakage signal if the thread breakage occurs at a needle contained in needle holders; b) generating the control signal to control an embroidery-frame driver in response to the thread breakage signal; and c) transferring the embroidery frame backward in response to the control signal.

Abstract: A sewing machine includes a movable holder portion which holds a material to be sewn, a holder drive portion which transfers the holder portion during sewing, a needle drive portion which drives a sewing needle to sew, and a controller which intelligently regulates the holder drive portion and the needle drive portion. The controller includes a) a initial motion device which initially transfers the material to be sewn before sewing or during an initial stage of sewing, and b) an estimating device which finds the mass of the material to be sewn depending on a physical value such as at least one of a moving velocity of the material to be sewn at a predetermined period of time and a moving distance of the material within the amount of the predetermined period of time.

Abstract: A twin-hulled water craft or catamaran preferably has rotationally molded plastics hulls (1) and pod (2) preferably with provision for fore and aft adjustment of the hulls with respect to the pod. The craft is hand-steered and preferably hand accelerated. Propulsion is via either an inboard or outboard motor with propeller or water-jet. The rider or riders sit low in the pod behind the steering control and above or before the motor. The hulls (1) are shaped to minimize spray in front of the rider and to allow easy outward sideways skidding. The construction seeks to improve the handling, stability and speed characteristics of this type of craft.

Abstract: A stair device for use in entering and exiting the water from a water vehicle, swim platform or dock. The stair device having an upper tubular portion having two parallel, horizontal tubes, an upper step portion perpendicular to and extending above the horizontal tubes, and a lower tubular section comprised of a single tube having a substantially straight upper portion, a curved portion and a substantially straight lower portion. A quick disconnect bracket having an inner member and an outer member joined by way of a removable pin and a fixed pin onto which a slotted portion is placed.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a semiconductor structure comprises the steps of providing a silicon substrate (10) having a surface (12); forming on the surface of the silicon substrate an interface (14) comprising a single atomic layer of silicon, oxygen, and a metal; and forming one or more layers of a single crystal oxide (26) on the interface. The interface comprises an atomic layer of silicon, oxygen, and a metal in the form XSiO2, where X is a metal.

Abstract: A means of effectively applying an organic EL material application liquid with good application liquid cut-off is provided. A heater and an ultrasonic oscillator are formed in a thin film formation apparatus when applying the application liquid, and heat and ultrasonic oscillations are imparted to the application liquid. Defective application liquid cut-off and liquid clogging can thus be resolved.

Abstract: A physical vapor deposition apparatus and process are provided for providing a highly smooth shiny coating to a substrate. The apparatus includes a chamber with a fixture for mounting the components to be coated. The fixture is arranged such that the surfaces to be coated define a “dark side” that faces away from the source of ion bombardment. With this arrangement, heavier multiple ions will travel past the surface to be coated. Lighter single ions will be drawn more readily to the oppositely charged surface to be coated, and hence will undergo a non-linear travel path for deposition onto the component.

Abstract: A plasma processing apparatus has a vacuum vessel, a processing chamber arranged in the vacuum vessel and supplied with gas, a support electrode arranged in the processing chamber to support an object to be processed, a radio frequency providing unit for supplying a radio frequency in UHF or VHF band, and a magnetic field generating unit for generating a magnetic field in the processing chamber, wherein the radio frequency providing unit includes an antenna having a groove or step formed in its surface opposing the process object, whereby plasma of high density and high uniformity can be generated in a wide parameter region.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new antigenic type of chicken anaemia viruses (CAV). The CAV according to this invention is isolatable from turkeys in the field and its virulence for chickens is significantly reduced. This property makes these viruses particularly suited for preparing a live vaccine for protecting poultry against disease conditions resulting from CAV infection.

Abstract: During the assembly of a steam generator, the boiler columns are assembled, and, in parallel, headers and other wall boxes are assembled on booms of the boiler columns, so that when the boiler columns are completed, the headers and wall boxes are also finally assembled. Next, the peripheral roof section is assembled onto the boiler columns, and the vertical steam generator-containing walls are suspended from the peripheral roof section. Parallel to this, the inner roof section is constructed and the convection heating surfaces are successively mounted to the inner roof section and lifted upward from the base. The assembled inner roof section and convection heating surfaces are then lifted to the height of the peripheral roof section, and the two parts of the roof are connected. Finally, the furnace walls having a vertical or inclined tube arrangement, including the furnace hopper, are assembled.

Abstract: A transmission control apparatus is used with a vehicle having an internal combustion engine, a transmission connected to the engine and having a plurality of gear positions, and a generator which is disposed between the transmission and drive wheels and which is capable of generating electric power through regenerative braking during deceleration of the vehicle. The control apparatus operates to detect a revolution speed of the internal combustion engine, and to place the transmission in a highest gear position selected from one or more gear positions that enable the engine revolution speed to be maintained at a level not lower than a predetermined lower limit above which the engine can operate by itself (i.e., re-start), when the generator generates electric power through regenerative braking.

Abstract: A variable valve type internal combustion engine has cylinders and electromagnetically actuated intake and exhaust valves for each cylinder. The intake air amount fed to the cylinder is controlled by controlling the close timing of the intake valve.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus and method for a single piece integrated front module housing for an internal combustion engine, which decreases engine complexity, manufacturing time and production costs. The front module housing comprises a thermostat housing, a water pump housing, at least one coolant passage, an oil pump housing, and at least one oil passage. The front module housing further comprises a power steering pump mounting, an oil pressure regulating valve housing, at least one support boss member, an at least one sensor housing. There is provided a method for an integrated one-piece front module housing, comprising the steps of forming a front module housing casting mold and cores, forming the front module housing via introduction of molten material into the mold, removing the front module housing from the mold and removing the casting core from the cast front module housing, and finishing the front module housing.

Abstract: A portable, self-contained apparatus for cooling automotive engine fluid, e.g. engine coolant, includes quick couplers for connection to an automotive engine. The apparatus receives hot engine fluid from the engine, cools the engine fluid, and returns the cooled engine fluid to the engine. A fluid reservoir and one or more heat exchangers aid in the cooling process. Corresponding methods provide similar advantages.

Abstract: A cooling water circulating structure in an internal combustion engine is to be provided wherein cooling water can flow to every corner through a water jacket in a cylinder block and a water jacket in a cylinder head without being localized and thereby can cool the whole efficiently and which permits an easy layout of the water piping. A cooling water circulating structure in a multi-cylinder type internal combustion engine wherein a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet are formed side by side respectively in a side face of a cylinder block and a side face of a cylinder head both on the same side of the internal combustion engine close to a water pump, and a cylinder block-side water jacket and a cylinder head-side water jacket are brought into communication with each other through communication paths and are formed on the side opposite to the side close to the water pump, thereby allowing cooling water to circulate.

Abstract: A lost motion engine valve actuation system and method of actuating an engine valve are disclosed. The system may comprise a valve train element, a pivoting lever, a control piston, and a hydraulic circuit. The pivoting lever may include a first end for contacting the control piston, a second end for transmitting motion to a valve stem and a means for contacting a valve train element. The amount of lost motion provided by the system may be selected by varying the position of the control piston relative to the pivoting lever. Variation of the control piston position may be carried out by placing the control piston in hydraulic communication with a control trigger valve and one or more accumulators. Actuation of the trigger valve releases hydraulic fluid allowing for adjustment of the control piston position. Means for limiting valve seating velocity, filling the hydraulic circuit upon engine start up, and mechanically locking the control piston/lever for a fixed level of valve actuation are also disclosed.

Abstract: A valve control system including a valve actuating camshaft (A), having a high lift cam (B) and a low lift cam (C), and an outer rocker arm (2) engaging the high lift cam, and an inner rocker arm (3) engaging the low lift cam. The ends of the rocker arms adjacent the engine poppet valve (V) are fixed to each other by a connector pin (37). The system includes a latching mechanism disposed at the ends of the rocker arms opposite the connector pin (37). Latching of the rocker arms is accomplished by a compound pin (8) moved between latched (FIG. 14A) and unlatched (FIG. 14B) conditions in response to movement of an actuator (9). The system also includes a rocker ratio varying device, such that, during operation in the low lift mode, the lift can be gradually increased, and gradually phase-shifted, as the engine speed increases.

Abstract: A valve cam mechanism for a four-cycle engine includes an improved construction. The engine includes at least one camshaft having cam lobes to actuate intake and exhaust valves. A decompression actuator is affixed to the camshaft for pivotal movement. A holder section of the actuator is arranged to hold the intake or exhaust valve in an open position when the actuator exists in an initial position. A weight section is disposed opposite to the holder section relative to the pivot axis to place the holder section in the initial position. The actuator pivots when the weight section moves by centrifugal force to release the holder section from the initial position. The camshaft further has a projection extending radially and defining a first surface on which the stopper section abuts to inhibit the actuator from pivoting beyond a preset range. The cam lobe includes a base circle portion and a nose portion protruding from the base circle of the cam lobe.

Abstract: A variable valve drive mechanism of an internal combustion engine is provided which includes a camshaft that is operatively connected to a crankshaft of the engine such that the camshaft is rotated by the crankshaft, a rotating cam provided on the camshaft, and an intermediate drive mechanism disposed between the camshaft and an intake or exhaust valve of the engine. The intermediate drive mechanism is supported rockably on a shaft that is different from the camshaft, and includes an input portion operable to be driven by the rotating cam of the camshaft, and an output portion operable to drive the valve when the input portion is driven by the rotating cam. The variable valve drive mechanism further includes an intermediate phase-difference varying device for varying a relative phase difference between the input portion and the output portion of the intermediate drive mechanism.

Abstract: A two-step roller finger follower includes an elongate body having a first side member and a second side member. A first end and a second end interconnect the first and second side members. The first and second side member define first and second pin orifices, respectively. A center roller is disposed between the first and second side members. The center roller defines a shaft orifice therethrough. A shaft extends through the shaft orifice. A first shaft end is disposed proximate the first side member, and the second shaft end is disposed proximate the second side member. The second shaft end defines a shaft bore therein. The first shaft end defines a pin chamber therein. The shaft bore being is substantially concentric with and intersects the pin chamber. A locking pin assembly is disposed partially within the shaft bore, the pin chamber and at least one of the pin orifices.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having a crankshaft, at least one camshaft, a balancer shaft and a timing drive for driving the camshaft and the balancer shaft from the crankshaft. The balancer shaft has a drive member that is interposed in the timing drive and a torsional vibration damper that is interposed between this drive member and the balancer masses on the balancer shaft to avoid transmission of crankshaft vibrations to the balancer shaft without effecting the valve timing. balancer shaft is provided that has at least offset balance masses formed thereon. The balancer shaft is also formed with integral bearings directly on opposite sides of each of the balance masses.

Abstract: In a starting time in which an air motion is little, a means for heightening the motion is added, from the starting time a stratification combustion operation is enable to carry out, and a discharge of an unburned fuel is minimized. From the starting time of an engine (from the firstly combustion cylinder) it is possible to carry out a stable stratification combustion. In accordance with the stratification combustion in the exhaust air a large quantity of the surplus oxygen remains. In the engine in the exhaust stroke twice (two time) fuel injection is carried out and the after burn phenomenon is caused in the exhaust port and then the exhaust gas temperature can be raised.

Abstract: An electronic throttle control apparatus includes a variable voltage generator, such as an H-driver, controlling the positioning effort of an electronic throttle motor by generating a variable voltage signal. A current sensing element is coupled to the H-driver and generates a voltage proportional to motor current. A microprocessor is coupled to the H-driver and the current sensing element. The microprocessor determines electronic motor resistance based upon the voltage generated by the H-driver and the current sensing voltage signal. The microprocessor may then modify controller gains based upon the calculated electronic throttle motor resistance.

Abstract: In a motor control method and apparatus for an internal combustion engine, a point for the beginning of injection moment and injection period for each cylinder are determined in a load-controlled way in a motor controller and supplied to the actuators for execution of the injection. To improve the response characteristic of the internal combustion engine, control information for injection of the cylinder currently to be addressed is transmitted as reserve information for the subsequent cylinder in every transmission cycle. In the event of a load increase, reserve information from the previous transmission cycle is used to control injection in the subsequent cylinder.

Abstract: The invention relates to a four-stroke internal combustion engine with at least two inlet valves and an inlet flow path with at least two inlet ports per cylinder which branch off from a common inlet pipe and are guided separately up to the inlet valves and of which at least one inlet port is designed as a charge loading port and at least one inlet port as a volumetric port, with a throttle device for volumetric control being provided in the inlet flow path and the inlet flow path being connected with a fuel supply device. In order to achieve in the simplest possible way an improvement of the exhaust gas quality at low fuel consumption it is provided that the fuel supply device is formed by a joint carburettor for both inlet ports, with preferably the carburettor being arranged in the zone of the branching of the inlet ports from the inlet pipe.

Abstract: A control device for an internal combustion engine including fuel injection valves which are disposed at an air intake port for the internal combustion engine and inject fuel from the air intake port toward respective cylinders for the internal combustion engine; and an air flow velocity accelerating means which accelerates air flow velocity in the air intake port, wherein the fuel injection time from the fuel injection valves is controlled in synchronism with and during an air intake stroke for the internal combustion engine as well as respective injection ports of the fuel injection valves are positioned at or near an accelerated air flow portion formed by the air flow velocity accelerating means. Thereby, in a multi point fuel injection system quality and spatial formation of air fuel mixture in the respective cylinders is enhanced and transportation time delay due to atomization of injected fuel droplet diameter is eliminated.

Abstract: In internal combustion engines, certain hydraulically or electrically powered components can be used, such as engine intake/exhaust valves and fuel injector plungers. In many cases, these components are desirably placed in a predetermined condition prior to starting the engine, in many cases by way of a spring or other biasing devices that biased the components to the predetermined condition. In other cases, however, hydraulic pressure or electromagnetic force is used to maintain the components in the predetermined condition. In hydraulic systems, however, leakage and thermal contraction can lead to pressure loss during period of non-operation, thereby allowing the components to move away from the predetermined condition. Similar concerns arise with the use of residual electromagnetic force, which can decay over time. In the case of intake/exhaust valves, for example, such undesired movement can lead to a potential collision between the valves and the engine piston during starting.

Abstract: In a fuel pressure control system of a non-return system which feedback controls the fuel pressure supplied to a fuel injection valve to meet the fuel supply amount, a fuel pressure in a fuel supply passage is feedback controlled t become a pressure corresponding to the engine environmental temperature condition of during the engine operation stop.

Abstract: A fuel pressure control apparatus and method controls a pressure of fuel that is delivered from a fuel pump to a fuel pipe in an internal combustion engine of a vehicle. A controller of the fuel pressure control apparatus calculates a controlled variable based on at least an integral term that is updated in accordance with a difference between an actual fuel pressure in the fuel pipe and a target value thereof; and controls an amount of the fuel delivered from the fuel pump in a feedback manner, using the controlled variable, so that the actual fuel pressure approaches the target value. During the control of the fuel pressure, the controller inhibits updating of the integral term to a value that results in an increase in the amount of the fuel delivered from the fuel pump, when the amount of the fuel delivered is approximate to or equal to a maximum value thereof.

Abstract: An air-fuel mixture control device 12 controlling a combustible air-fuel mixture to be supplied to a combustion chamber 19 of an engine 11. This device 12 is constructed of an injector 35 used for fuel supply, a fuel pump, a fuel filter, a fuel pressure regulator, and an electronic control unit (ECU) 64, which are united as an assembly with respect to a throttle body 26 including an intake passage 24 and a throttle valve 25. A memory incorporated in the ECU 64 stores a correction value with respect to the fuel injection quantity dispersion preliminarily experimentally determined on an assembly-by-assembly basis. The ECU 64 corrects the fuel injection quantity based on the correction value stored in the memory to control the fuel injection quantity.

Abstract: In a port fuel injection lean burn engine, attaching of fuel spray onto a wall surface, which is a problem at atomizing injected fuel, is reduced, and the quality and shaping state of the mixed gas in cylinders of the engine is improved.

Abstract: A fuel supply device is provided for use with a fuel tank. The device comprises a mounting bracket suspended into the fuel tank. A fuel pump is mounted to the mounting bracket to pump fuel from the fuel tank to the outside of the fuel tank. A pressure regulator is mounted to the mounting bracket to regulate the pressure of the fuel led to the outside of the fuel tank from the fuel pump. A fuel return passage is defined by the mounting bracket, through which a part of the fuel pumped out from the fuel pump is led back into the fuel tank under operation of the pressure regulator. First and second suction pumps are mounted to the mounting bracket and sucks fuel from first and second given portions of the fuel tank by using a power possessed by the fuel flowing in the fuel return passage. First and second passages extend from the fuel return passage to the first and second suction pumps respectively to apply the fuel from the fuel return passage to the pumps to drive the same independently.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation valve (10) for an engine including a valve housing (14), a motor housing (12), and a sensor housing (16). The motor housing (12) has an armature (30) disposed therein that is moveable to cause a valve (10) to move in relation to a valve seat (120). The outer periphery of the armature (30) is in contact with an armature bearing (66). The armature bearing (66) has an upper portion (68) in communication with a flux return (46) and a lower portion (70) in communication with a pole piece (56). One of either the flux return (46) or the pole piece (56) is located so as to reduce an air gap (200) therebetween.

Abstract: Disclosed is an accessory mounted on a cutting device including two mutually parallel guide bars. The accessory includes a first channel formed in the accessory for receiving one of the two mutually parallel guide bars. A second channel is formed to receive the other of the two mutually parallel guide bars in such manner that the second guide bar is freely translatable in the second channel. An affixation device is firmly affixes the accessory to one of two mutually parallel guide bars.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a saw blade and more particularly to a saw blade for cutting steel-reinforced structures to be used for cutting concrete, blocks or pipes in repairing or mending construction materials.

Abstract: In order to provide a machining apparatus which can save fluids such as water, compressed air and clean air, it comprises at least a spindle unit including a rotary spindle having a machining element attached thereto for effecting a required machining work on a workpiece and a spindle housing rotatably bearing the rotary spindle, and means for supplying the spindle unit with fluid for use in machining the workpiece. The means for supplying the spindle unit with fluid has a flow control provided in the fluid flowing passage for controlling the flow rate of the fluid in response to the rotating and stopping of the rotary spindle, thereby saving such fluid. Also, a controlled small quantity of such fluid is allowed to flow in the spindle housing after the machining is stopped, thereby retaining the thermal condition without being changed until the machining is resumed. Thus, no thermal calibration is required when the machining apparatus resumes work.

Abstract: An articulated lock for a saw rope (5) and including a first articulated member (1; 21) having a sleeve-shaped region for receiving an end of the rope (5) and a connection region (6; 26) formed of two, spaced from each other cheeks (7, 8; 27, 28), a second articulated member (2; 22) having a sleeve-shaped region for receiving another end of the rope (5), and a connection region (9; 29) formed as an eye-shaped portion and extending into a space defined by the two cheeks (7, 8; 27, 28) of the connection region of the first articulated member (1; 21); and a joining bolt (10; 30) extending through the bores (11; 31) formed in the two cheeks (7, 8; 27, 28) and the through-opening (12; 32) formed in the eye-shaped portion for pivotally connecting the first and second articulated members (1, 2; 21, 22) with each other, with the through-opening (12; 32) of the eye-shaped portion having at least in a region of the opposite side surfaces (13; 33) of the eye-shaped portion, a diameter exceeding the diameter of the joini

Abstract: A portable vacuum insulated bottle includes a heat source having a minimum volume and a heat pipe which acts as a heat transmitting device. With this construction, a portable vacuum insulated bottle is provided which makes hot water instantly. In particular, a portable vacuum insulated bottle is provide which makes hot water using liquid propane gas as a possible heat source.

Abstract: The invention provides a fireplace having a warming shelf, suitable for warming beverages, such as coffee, tea or hot cocoa; food items; and other items, for example, clothing, such as mittens or socks.

Abstract: An adhesive nasal dilator for affixing to the cheek area of a user for improving breathing and lessening of nasal passageway constriction, the nasal dilator comprising a substrate member having an adhesive layer formed on one side thereof, said adhesive layer positioned proximate the cheek bone of the user and extended rearwardly towards the ear where the second end of the adhesive layer is affixed to a skin portion of the user so as to open the nasal passageway.

Abstract: A condom includes a plurality of intersecting spiral ribs extending in two different directional planes along at least a portion of the surface between the open and closed ends of the condom, with each rib being oriented at an angle of about 15° to the transverse axis of the condom.

Abstract: A medical drape for retaining and controlling fluid flow comprising at least one polymeric film having a predetermined texture made from a plurality of cells able to retain fluid.

Abstract: The injection of an aerosol containing a chemostimulant into a patient's throat to stimulate nociceptor (irritant) and c-fiber receptors is augmented by the inclusion of a medically safe and accepted contrast substance, such as barium. The addition of a contrast substance to the aerosol allows fluoroscopic observation of the patient's (larynx) response, to facilitate a medical practitioner's identification of whether the patient is at risk to one or more abnormal physiological conditions, such as oral or pharyngeal dysphagia, and pneumonia.

Abstract: A new and improved hairpiece is disclosed herein, wherein the hairpiece allows the scalp to breathe by providing holes in the hairpiece itself, which also allows the person to use there own hair if they wish.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for cleaning semiconductor devices and other workpieces using an aqueous rinse solution which is de-oxygenated by passing the aqueous rinse solution and a carrier gas through an osmotic membrane degasifier. A cleaning chamber is also disclosed for carrying out the cleaning method.

Abstract: This invention provides a remover comprising (a) a cerium (IV) nitrate salt and (b) at least one acid selected from the group consisting of nitric acid, perchloric acid and acetic acid.