Abstract: A modular louver system is disclosed which utilizes a series of joined frames having the same basic cross section, a series of spacers, and a series of louver vanes having the same v shaped cross section. The frames have a t-shaped channel, with inwardly facing channel lips defining the narrow portion of the t-shaped channel. The louver vanes have a dovetail at each end, where the dovetail neck will fit in the area defined by the inwardly facing channel lips. In addition, the spacers are shaped so that they will rest in the t-shaped channel and will either separate the louver vanes from each other or from an adjacent frame. The louver vane dovetails are inserted in the t-shaped channels of opposing frames, with at least one spacer inserted in the t-shaped channels to separate the louver vanes from each other and from an adjacent frame. Where rectangular connection is desired, the frames are connected either using a clip joint arrangement.

Abstract: An assembled hip roof includes a plurality of roofing panels as well as the rafters of the underlying structure that support those panels. Ridge caps preferably extend over the panels at the hip rafters. In a preferred embodiment, a set of metal roofing panels is designed and shaped for use on a specific hip roof configuration, using a minimal number of separate panels. In a preferred embodiment especially suitable for larger area roofs, a plurality of the panels interlock with one another. The panels are preferably coated on one or both sides for protection against scratching during handling and assembly. One or more of the panels preferably include decorative relief, such as the appearance of overlapping wooden boards. In a preferred embodiment of the method of the invention, the panels are manufactured from rolled steel.

Abstract: A method of joining, siding to studs, flooring to floor joists and, roof planking to rafters without the use of visible fasteners, such as nails and screws. The framing members, studs, etc., have rounded corners at their joining edge and rounded grooves close to this edge forming a rounded oval shaped knob for the length of the framing member. The cladding members (siding, etc), have oval shaped cross grooves, being the same shape and size of the knobs of the framing members, cut across them at the same spacing as the framing members. These grooves are undercut on each side so that when they are attached to the framing the undercut parts of the cross groove fit into the grooves along each edge of the framing member. Attachment is made by bending back the cladding at the cross grooves to open up the opening of the cross groove enough that it can be snapped over the knob of the framing member or the cladding can be forced over the knob edges by tapping it with a hard rubber mallet.

Abstract: A precast concrete plate, such as a roof tile, floor tile, wall tile or house siding, comprises in total from about 0.2% to about 5% by weight of a polymeric modifier having a Tg of above −40° C. The portion of said concrete which comprises no more than about 50% of the thickness of all the concrete which forms the plate, when measured from the bottom surface of the plate towards the top surface of the plate, includes at least about 60% by weight of said polymeric modifier. The plates have a relatively higher degree of resistance to flexural loadings and resistance to impact-impulse loadings in comparison to concrete plates which comprise no polymeric modifier, thus rendering them less likely to be broken or fractured during their storage, transfer and assembly.

Abstract: “L”-shaped brackets for connecting floor joists of houses to a structural band board and deck ledger board so that the deck ledger board will be supported by the weight-bearing floor joists of the houses. The brackets are “L”-shaped, having one short leg, one long leg, and at least one triangular brace connecting the legs. Each leg contains a plurality of holes for the passage of through bolts. The short legs abut the band board and the through bolts pass through the short legs of the brackets, the band board, and the ledger board. The long legs abut the weight-bearing joists and the through bolts pass through the long leg of one of the backet, one of the weight-bearing joists, and the long leg of one of the brackets on the opposing side of the weight-bearing joist.

Abstract: A roof drip molding having a resin layer of varying width on the surface of a supporting member having a varying width. The resin material is adhesively applied to the surface of the supporting member of varying width.

Abstract: An automobile protection device including an elongated cushion inside an elongated fabric sleeve, the ends of which are connected to flexible stops through elastic straps. Each strap having a hook and loop fastener attached to a respective end thereof. Each hook and loop fastener includes a first portion attached to a respective one of the straps and a second portion attached to a respective inside edge of an automobile door. The protection device is attached to the door of the automobile by engaging the respective first and second portions of each of the hook and loop fasteners such that flexible stops are positioned between the inside edges of the door and the body of the automobile and closing the door so that the device cannot be removed from the door.

Abstract: A composite structural reinforcement has a keyed reinforcement member in which a thermally expandable resin strip is mechanically retained. The mechanical interlock permits the resin to be secured to the member without heat or an adhesive.

Abstract: For use in securing a concrete form board, the form pin of the invention includes a clip having first portion substantially in the shape of a cylinder to be forced onto one end of a steel bar driven into sand, shale or clay and of an inside diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the bar, along with a tab portion having a plurality of spaced apertures extending through opposing planar surfaces to receive nails or screws to be removably secured to the concrete form board, and with the tab portion extending outwardly of the cylindrical portion a distance to allow manual grasping thereof in freeing the steel bar from the ground. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the steel bar consists of a rebar having a plurality of rims circumscribing its outer surface, in cooperating with the cylindrical portion of the clip in limiting spinning, or otherwise movement of the clip once forced upon the rebar for use, especially when the clip is constructed of a deformable plastic.

Abstract: A door having a plurality of channel-shaped frame members encircling a core and being coupled to one another by interfitting dimples and projections at the confronting ends of adjacent frame members. On opposite sides of the core are panels having lips which are accommodated in grooves formed in the frame members. The components of the door may be assembled without the need for any tools and such components may be maintained in assembled condition without the use of separate fastening devices such as bolts, nails, screws, and the like, or any fixtures or measuring devices.

Abstract: An improved insulated glass including a spacer unit and a pair of glazing panels bonded to opposite sides thereof. The spacer unit includes a peripheral spacer portion and a muntin portion within the spacer portion. The spacer unit is a one-piece, injection-molded unit, and consequently the spacer portion and the muntin portion form an inseparable integrated whole.

Abstract: An improved high-density glass wool rigid panel for use in the construction of air distribution ducting in air conditioning and heating installations of the sort made of a box-shaped high-density glass wool body with optional glass fiber reinforcing mesh is disclosed. The rigid panel is formed with a step on opposite sides, covered with aluminum strips on the larger surfaces, wherein there is an overlap of said aluminum strips on step running right around its smaller side.

Abstract: A carton feeder for a continuous motion packaging machine includes a speed compensation controller and a solenoid dual valve assembly, which enable the feeder to operate at higher speeds. The dual valve assembly includes a vacuum valve coupled to an air pressure valve which is controlled by an electronic controller. The speed compensation assembly is electronically connected to the valve controller, and includes an encoder driven by the feeder and a programmable limit switch for receiving data from the encoder and transmitting control signals to the valve controller. The method of operation includes detecting the position of the selector and transmitting position data to the limit switch. The limit switch calculates optimum valve actuation timing based upon both programmed information and data from the encoder, and transmits the control signals to the valve controller.

Abstract: An apparatus and associated methods are provided for producing a plurality of shock absorbing pads. The apparatus preferably has a core pad former for forming particulate core material into a plurality of individual core pads, a core pad encaser positioned downstream from the core pad former for encasing the plurality of individual core pads with a selected sheet of material to thereby form a sheet of a plurality of shock absorbing pads, a pad sheet debulking conveyor positioned adjacent the core pad encaser for debulking the sheet of the plurality of shock absorbing pads and conveying the sheet of the plurality of shock absorbing pads downstream, and a pad separator positioned downstream the pad sheet conveyor for separating the sheet into a plurality of individual shock absorbing pads.

Abstract: In a device for loading film (3) on machines for wrapping groups of products, there is an area (H) designed to allow the free passage of the film (3) and located between a drive carriage (4) and one end (6a, 7a) of each of the film (3) feed rollers (6, 7). This area is defined by an extension of each roller (6, 7) and is tapered in relation to the circumference of the rollers. The film (3) can pass freely when it has a narrow configuration, in the form of a tongue (C), and when the free end (3a) of the film (3) is inserted and fed along a path (P) parallel to an original feed path. In the area (H) there are means (8) on which the tongue (c) can slide and which guide the tongue onto the contact and sliding surfaces (6s, 7s) of the rollers (6, 7). The invention also concerns a method for loading the film (3).

Abstract: The present multi-function packing insert functions as a packing insert for the shipment of components or subassemblies from a vendor to a manufacturer, as a tray and holding fixture during processing of the components or subassemblies on the manufacturer's assembly line, and as the packing inserts for shipping the final assembled product from the manufacturer to the customer. This multi-function packing insert thereby reduces the overall cost of packing materials and reduces material handling and floor space requirements throughout the manufacturing process, since the packing materials received from the vendor(s) are used for that purpose. The coordination of packing insert design between the component and subassembly vendors and the manufacturer enables the manufacturer to reuse the received packing inserts to assemble, package and ship the final assembled product.

Abstract: The present invention is a modular system for packaging articles for shipment. In particular, a potted plant is sorted according to a grade, placed in a decorative cover, then automatically deposited into a protective sleeve. The potted plant thus packaged is ready for containment within a shipping carton. Various components of the system may be adapted for various packaging needs and circumstances.

Abstract: An assembly for handling and packaging pharmaceutical dosage forms includes an infeed structure, a laning structure, and a plenum structure extending from the infeed structure to the laning structure. The infeed, laning and plenum structures guide dosage forms as they are carried in a downstream direction by a surface movable with downstream direction. A guide portion guides the dosage forms into the laning structure to avoid jamming of tablets. A form handling device receives dosage forms and transports the dosage forms to a packaging device. A timed controller and dump gate operate so that debris is carried out of the assembly. The assembly is particularly useful for fragile dosage forms. A packaging device having a bottom plate with floatably supported blocks is provided for sealing dosage forms into packages.

Abstract: A rotary cutter disc includes shields for the nuts of the knife mounting bolts. Each shield includes a U-shaped well in which a respective one of the nuts is located, the well being oriented so that its open side is directed away from the center of the disc, whereby centrifugal force ejects crop particles and other matter from the well. In one embodiment, the shield is provided with inclined wear surfaces which also serve as crop guide vanes. In a second embodiment, the shield is integral with a crop guide vane. In each embodiment, the underside of the shield is provided with a locating lug which is adjacent the knife mount bolt hole in the bottom wall of the shield. The disc is provided with an elongated knife mounting bolt hole and the shield locating lug is positioned to enter the elongated hole alongside the knife mounting bolt so as to properly orient the shield and keep the shield from rotating when the mounting bolt nut is being screwed on or off.

Abstract: A mower comprising a cutting mechanism which, during work, extends transversely to a direction of work, a hitching structure connected to a motor vehicle, a carrying beam connected, on one hand, to the cutting mechanism by a first articulation and, on another hand, to the hitching structure by a second articulation and of a third articulation, which allows the second articulation to pivot with respect to the hitching structure, a device, for moving the carrying beam and the cutting mechanism between at least one transport position and one other position, and vice versa, and a lifting member for moving the carrying beam and the cutting mechanism between a work position and a maneuvering position, wherein the lifting member is associated with a damping member for absorbing abrupt movements of the carrying beam with respect to the hitching structure when the carrying beam is in the maneuvering position or respectively in the transport position.

Abstract: A rake for raking and gripping debris having an elongate handle, a rake head and a pivotable debris collection device. The rake head has a plurality of tines and is fixedly attached to one end of the elongate handle. The pivotable debris collection device is in the form of a grapple attached to and pivotable about a fulcrum axis attached to the rake head. An elongate string is attached to the rake head at one end and to a grip slidingly arranged on the elongate handle at the other end. Further, a biasing device urges the grapple towards an open position, where the grapple is pivoted away from the rake head tines. The rake has, a pulley to multiply the force which is applied to the grapple from the grip via the elongate string.

Abstract: A steel structure adapted for the reinforcement of elastomeric members has steel elements containing a plurality of steel filaments at least one of which filaments is provided with first and second crimps. The first crimp lies in a plane that is substantially different from the plane of the second crimp. Application of the both crimps can be carried out efficiently using two pairs of toothed wheels which are not externally driven. This arrangement renders it possible to obtain steel structures with an increased penetration of rubber or with an increased elongation at break.

Abstract: A method for producing a filament yarn with alternating S- and Z-twists. The yarn is moved between two twisting stops and submitted alternatively to S- and Z-twisting by at least one false twisting unit. The twists are fixed in a fixing unit situated downstream from the false twisting unit. The twisting stop downstream of the fixing unit is moved synchronously with the yarn and held in a yarn engagement position to stop the twisting until at least the twisting inversion points is fixed in the yarn. At least one other twisting stop oriented at a distance from the above mentioned moving twisting stop is engaged with the yarn in a way to stop the twisting and is moved along with the yarn before said yarn is submitted to an opposite twisting by the false twisting unit.

Abstract: A device for producing a twisted yarn by an integrated or combined spinning and twisting process is provided and comprises a two-for-one twisting spindle with at least two spinning rotors, positioned within the yarn balloon produced by the twisting process, for producing the individual yarns to be twisted, into which spinning rotors the disentangled fiber material is supplied respectively by the fiber supply tubes, which are connected to the fiber material disentangling units. The fiber material disentangling units are combined to a single fiber material disentangling apparatus with common drive elements for the two disentangling units.

Abstract: A drive chain has opposed pairs of inner link plated that are interconnected by cast outer links. Pins pass through aligned apertures in overlapping end portions of the inner and outer links. Each pin is fixed relative to the inner link. The outer link has open or blind bores that receive end portions of the pins in a pivotal relationship. A bearing area is defined between the outer surface of the pin and an inner surface of the outer link bore. The provision of a bearing area in the outer link makes maintenance and sealing easier.

Abstract: A double spiral jewelry rope chain is formed with thin-walled links which, due to reinforcement, require the use of less amounts of precious metal as compared to conventional chains. In order to reinforce the chain formed by the thin-walled links, a wire of gold or other precious metal is intertwined between the strands of the jewelry chain and permanently affixed to the chain by a fused connection or bond produced by, for example, soldering, welding, brazing and/or by mechanical crimping.

Abstract: A fuel injector is cooled by steam during operation of a combustor. The injector includes a conduit for channeling fuel into the combustor, and a jacket covering the conduit through which steam is channeled for cooling the injector. The steam may be mixed with the fuel, or kept apart from the fuel in the injector by flowing through passageways in the jacket. Cooling can be further improved by expanding the steam through an orifice prior to entry into the injector.

Abstract: A combustion system includes a combustor and a hydrokinetic amplifier to supply it with fluids. The hydrokinetic amplifier includes first and second primary fluid inlet ports to receive first and second primary fluids into the hydrokinetic amplifier at a relatively low pressure, and a discharge port to discharge the combined first and second fluids at a higher pressure to the combustor. The primary fluids are air, water, steam, or fuel, at least one of which includes gas/vapor phase fluid. The hydrokinetic amplifier may include one or more auxiliary inlet ports to receive auxiliary input fluid (air, water, steam, or fuel) into the hydrokinetic amplifier for combination with the primary fluids.

Abstract: A combustion system includes a combustion chamber and a fuel injection apparatus, where a radial inflow swirler stage in the injector housing includes a plurality of radial inflow swirlers spaced longitudinally from each other to direct air radially inward in a swirling motion to cause fuel streams to swirl and thoroughly mix with air before passing into the combustion chamber. A plurality of liquid fuel nozzles are supported in the housing in an annular arrangement to dispense liquid fuel in a plurality of sprays in the downstream direction. A plurality of gaseous fuel nozzles are also provided in the housing supported in an annular arrangement intermediate the liquid fuel nozzles. The plurality of gaseous fuel nozzles include a series of nozzles arranged in radial spokes between each of the liquid fuel nozzles, with the size of the openings in the gaseous fuel nozzles increasing in the radially outer direction from the longitudinal axis of the housing.

Abstract: A combined cycle power plant having a gas turbine plant and a steam turbine plant combined together is disclosed. Steam is used for cooling a high-temperature portion (5) to be cooled around the combustor (4) of the gas turbine (2). The power plant has an air duct (9), connected to a steam path (7) for supplying steam for cooling the high-temperature portion (5), for cooling this portion using air if the steam for cooling is insufficient, typically when the plant is activated or stopped, and the air duct includes a device for boosting the air to have a pressure higher than that inside a combustor (4) of the power plant. Accordingly, the combustor and attached piping arrangement can be protected from burning and the power plant can be safely and reliably operated for a long time.

Abstract: A device for igniting a combustion in a combustion chamber of a gas turbine has a housing fitted with an end piece and with a head piece. Hitherto, an ignition conductor comes into contact with combustion air. Moreover, fragments of a partial ceramic insulation can lead to damage. To improve the quality of ignition, the ignition conductor and a gas conduit are disposed to run parallel to one another within a housing. The ignition conductor is surrounded by a protective sleeve, and an annular space between the ignition conductor and the protective sleeve is filled completely with a ceramic material. An annular disc serving as an ignition electrode is mounted on that end of the protective sleeve that projects into the head piece.

Abstract: A solar thermal engine for propelling and powering a craft. The solar thermal engine includes a housing, a propellant annulus, a plurality of static power converters and an electrical energy storage device. The housing has an optical cavity for receiving a beam of concentrated sunlight and converting the beam into ambient thermal energy. The propellant annulus is coupled to the housing and is selectively operable in a heating mode wherein the propellant annulus transmits at least a first portion of the ambient thermal energy to heat a flow of propellant. The plurality of static power converters are coupled to the housing and receive the first portion of the ambient thermal energy when the propellant annulus is not operated in the heating mode. The plurality of static power converters employ the first portion of the ambient thermal energy to generate electrical energy.

Abstract: A reduced toxicity fuel satellite propulsion system including a reduced toxicity propellant supply (10) for consumption in an axial class thruster (14) and an ACS class thruster (16). The system includes suitable valves and conduits (22) for supplying the reduced toxicity propellant to the ACS decomposing element (26) of an ACS thruster. The ACS decomposing element is operative to decompose the reduced toxicity propellant into hot propulsive gases. In addition the system includes suitable valves and conduits (18) for supplying the reduced toxicity propellant to an axial decomposing element (24) of the axial thruster. The axial decomposing element is operative to decompose the reduced toxicity propellant into hot gases. The system firther includes suitable valves and conduits (20) for supplying a second propellant (12) to a combustion chamber (28) of the axial thruster, whereby the hot gases and the second propellant auto-ignite and begin the combustion process for producing thrust.

Abstract: Guiding mechanism for variable geometry vectoring nozzles, applicable to gas turbines, capable of transmitting tangential forces acting on the external ring under vectoring loads onto the inner ring, avoiding the need of a joint between the outer ring and the nozzle structure. With this purpose a guiding track (9) oriented circunferentially around the pivoting axis (8) is incorporated onto the outer ring (3) and a track (10) oriented around a second axis (6) perpendicular to the previous is incorporated on the intermediate ring (2). The sledge element (11) joint to the intermediate ring (2), slides along the track (9) as a result of vectoring around the axis (8). For vectoring around axis (6) the sledge element (12), joint to the inner ring (1) slides over the track (10).

Abstract: Modular, cryogenic, solid rocket propellants of different fuel components, such as fuels, oxidizers, energy-increasing admixtures, binders, additives, etc., for all applications of solid rockets produce a uniform, stable and complete combustion, This objective is accomplished since one of the fuel elements, due to the special selection of its composition, is provided as a permanent igniter generator of the modular propellant.

Abstract: An NOx-absorbing and reducing catalyst device is disposed in an exhaust passage of an engine. The NOx concentration in exhaust gas flowing out of the catalyst device is detected by an NOx sensor. Every time the NOx concentration detected by the NOx sensor increases to a predetermined value, an electronic control unit (ECU) of the engine reactivates the NOx-absorbing and reducing catalyst device by operating the engine at a rich air fuel ratio for a short time. The ECU also detects a deviation of the output of the NOx sensor on the basis of a reference value (corresponding to zero NOx concentration) and an output of the NOx sensor produced when the engine is being operated in a condition where the amount of NOx discharged from the engine is small, for example, a condition where the air-fuel ratio is on the lean side and the load is low (that is, in a condition where the NOx concentration in exhaust gas reaching the NOx sensor becomes substantially zero).

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting deterioration of a catalyst (4) for an internal combustion engine which can ensure high reliability for the decision as to deterioration of the catalyst by preventing positively erroneous determination of the deteriorated state of the catalyst due to variations of operating state.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio control apparatus for internal combustion engine includes exhaust gas purifying catalysts mounted on the upstream and downstream sides of an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine, a fuel injector for injection of a desired quantity of fuel into a cylinder of the internal combustion engine in accordance with an engine operating condition, and an ECU. The ECU changes an air-fuel ratio to lean and rich magnitudes by alternately increasing and decreasing the quantity of fuel injection. The lean/rich changeover of the exhaust air-fuel ratio is performed at an interval including a period during which the lean and rich components in the exhaust gas react with the upstream catalyst and a period thereafter during which an unreacted exhaust gas passes through the upstream catalyst.

Abstract: To provide an apparatus for feeding secondary air to exhaust gas in an engine. The apparatus includes a cylinder head having an exhaust port for discharging exhaust gas from a combustion chamber and a secondary air feed passage for feeding secondary air to exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust port. The apparatus is capable of making a length of the secondary air feed passage as short as possible while preventing the permeation of exhaust gas into the secondary air feed passage. This avoids the enlargement of the entire engine, when disposing a reed valve in the engine, since the reed valve is mounted to the cylinder block. A secondary air passage includes a first passage portion extending in a straight line with one end opened toward the inner surface of an exhaust port, toward the downstream side of exhaust gas in the flowing direction.

Abstract: A catalyst reduction system using diesel fuel as a reductant for vehicles equipped with diesel engines reduces NOx transient emissions produced during acceleration. Impending engine accelerations are sensed to produce metered pulse(s) of fuel oil simultaneously with and preferably in advance of, the NOx transient emission. The fuel pulse is sufficient in quantity to reduce the NOx transient emission when the NOx and HC resulting from the cracked fuel oil are present at spatially equal distances within the reducing catalytic converter. Optionally, the washcoat of the reducing catalyst is formulated to delay the adsorption/desorbtion of one of the gases on the washcoat to assure proper timing of the NOx transient and fuel pulse(s).

Abstract: The gas exhaust system, intended for an internal combustion engine, has a plurality of connectors leading to an exhaust manifold. The exhaust vent from the exhaust manifold is used as a feed gas for a catalyst. In order to install said catalyst as close as possible to the exhaust manifold, it is suggested by the invention that a mixer be provided inside the catalyst housing. The mixer enables the exhaust gas stream arriving at the catalyst via the feed pipe to be homogenized in time and geometry and prevents catalyst elements from being damaged by a non-homogeneous gas stream. The mixer also allows for the unburnt air-fuel mixture to settle inside instead of burning in catalyst elements, thereby preventing the latter from being damaged by suddenly burning deposits.

Abstract: A method for reducing pollution in a mono-mode air-air combustion engine having an intake and compression chamber, connected to a constant volume expansion chamber, which is connected in turn to an expansion and exhaust chamber. External air is drawn into the intake chamber and compressed to an increased pressure and temperature. The compressed air is transferred to the constant volume expansion chamber, wherein additional, ambient temperature, compressed air is injected therein. The injected air, when contacting the elevated pressure and temperature of the compressed air causes an expansion of the air within the constant volume expansion chamber. The energy associated with the air expansion is transferred to the expansion and exhaust chamber, wherein the continued compressed air expansion produces a work force that is imparted to a piston. The energy depleted air is then exhausted through an exhaust value.

Abstract: An electromechanical hydraulic drive system for a vehicle is provided which is intended to replace the standard combustion engine of vehicles. One or more batteries power a main pump which provides hydraulic fluid flow to a hydraulic motor. The hydraulic motor includes a central shaft assembly with a plurality of sets of vanes mounted thereon. Fluid enters the hydraulic motor through a plurality of nozzles which are selectively spaced and adjusted for providing fluid to contact the respective sets of vanes at desired angles and at desired flow rates. The central shaft assembly has an output end which connects to a variable speed drive assembly for further modifying the conversion of fluid flow to mechanical movement. The variable speed drive connects directly to the differential of the vehicle for powering the vehicle. A subsystem is provided for recharging the batteries. The drive system may also be used with the existing brake system of the vehicle.

Abstract: A target fan rotational speed (R.P.M.) corresponding to a temperature detected by a temperature detector is determined according to a set correlation and the capacity of a variable-capacity hydraulic pump is varied so that the rotational speed of a cooling fan becomes that determined target fan rotational speed. It thereby becomes possible to precisely control the blowing air volume (R.P.M.) of the cooling fan, and, when the cooling fan is driven with a hydraulic source, to construct a hydraulic circuit with fewer parts. Moreover, in cases where the torque absorbed by the fan-drive hydraulic motor fluctuates, control is effected to suppress fluctuations in the cooling fan rotational speed and stabilize the rotation. Furthermore, in cases where the load on the fan-drive hydraulic motor fluctuates, control is effected to suppress fluctuations in the cooling fan rotational speed and stabilize the rotation.

Abstract: A control device for an adjustable hydraulic pump (1), wherein the hydraulic pump is connected to a plurality of users, by delivery lines (5a-d). A first control line (18a-d), is connected to each of the delivery lines downstream of a respective proportioning throttle (6a-d). A first pressure change device (17) selects a highest pressure prevailing in the first control lines and supplies it to a delivery flow control valve (15), which controls an adjusting pressure for an adjusting device (7) for the hydraulic pump, based on a pressure difference between the highest pressure from the first pressure change device and a pressure from a second control line (19) connected to the output of the pump.

Abstract: A heat engine is constructed from sheet metal and the like. The heat engine has an outer container and inner container which contains a displacer and a power piston. A plurality of positioning members are provided to dimensionally stabilize the inner and outer containers. By providing positioning members that extend between the inner and the outer containers, a sandwiched construction is obtained which allows the inner and outer containers to reinforce each other thus permitting the use of thin walled containers and improving the thermal efficiency of the heat engine and decreasing the weight of the heat engine.

Abstract: A heat engine is constructed from sheet metal and the like. The heat engine has an outer container and inner container which contains a displacer and a power piston. A plurality of positioning members are provided to dimensionally stabilize the inner and outer containers. By providing positioning members that extend between the inner and the outer containers, a sandwiched construction is obtained which allows the inner and outer containers to reinforce each other thus permitting the use of thin walled containers and improving the thermal efficiency of the heat engine and decreasing the weight of the heat engine.

Abstract: A master cylinder realizes a stroke simulator function without the need to change the structure around a brake pedal and without impairing brake pedal feel, is easy to form by machining, and also facilitates a hydraulic fluid charging and air bleeding operation. A secondary piston is split to make the axial length thereof variable, thereby imparting the stroke simulator function to the secondary piston. By doing so, brake pedal feel is improved more than by separately adding a stroke simulator.

Abstract: A turbo charger system (32) for a diesel engine (1) with a simple structure, but improved in output, torque and fuel consumption rate. A high-stage turbine (3) and low-stage turbine (4) are provided in series on an exhaust gas line (2) of the engine (1). A high-stage compressor (6), which is connected to the high-stage turbine (3), and a low-stage compressor (7), which is connected to the low-stage turbine (4), are provided in series on an intake air line (5) of the engine (1). A bypass line (20) with a valve (21) is provided over the high-stage turbine (3). The bypass valve (21) is completely or substantially completely closed until the engine (1) reaches its maximum torque point (14) so as to raise a supercharging pressure. From the maximum torque point (14) to the maximum output point (15), the bypass valve (21) is gradually opened to adjust the supercharging pressure. The bypass valve is completely or substantially completely opened at the maximum output point (15) to suppress the supercharging pressure.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) enhancement system for a turbocharged internal combustion engine includes a throttle valve arranged in the exhaust duct of the engine, downstream of the EGR system. The throttle valve is controlled in response to engine load and engine speed to selectively provide back pressure upstream of the throttle valve to selectively drive an EGR exhaust flow through an EGR duct to the intake manifold. An embodiment of the EGR system includes a cooler that lowers the temperature of the EGR exhaust flow to provide better reductions in nitric oxide emissions. The turbine is equipped to allow excess pressure to be released through a wastegate duct arranged in fluid parallel with the exhaust turbine, thereby allowing for higher power and higher speeds.