Abstract: A diaphragm structure includes a plurality of yarns and a plurality of metal wires interfused and entwisted with each other to form a metal yarn, which is woven into a surface material, and the surface material is further shaped into the diaphragm, such as a damper and a cone paper for a speaker. By the diaphragm structure with the metal wires, it can be increased in its strength, availability and tearing resistance. The metal wires and the yarns may be entwisted together in different types according to users' desires to obtain the required strength and elasticity.

Abstract: A method of protecting coal mill journals from abrasive wear due to impingement of coal fines includes the steps of fabricating and attaching a mild steel liner form to the journal and welding wear plates to the liner form. Welding the plates to the form can occur before and/or after the form is attached to the journal. The liner form is made up of plates providing only flat exterior surfaces.

Abstract: A nozzle device defines a passageway including an outlet to discharge working fluid to produce thrust. This device includes a vectoring mechanism having three or more vanes pivotally mounted across the passageway and a linkage pivotally coupling the vanes together. This linkage includes a first arm fixed to a first one of the vanes to pivot therewith about a first pivot axis, a second arm and a third arm fixed to a second one of the vanes to pivot therewith about a second pivot axis, and a fourth arm fixed to a third one of the vanes to pivot therewith about a third pivot axis. A first connecting link pivotally couples the first arm and the second arm together, and a second connecting link pivotally couples the third arm and the fourth arm together. The relative angular positioning of the arms with respect to the corresponding pivot axes and/or the arm links can be varied to define different vectoring schedules with the mechanism linkage.

Abstract: An exhaust processor (12) comprises an isolated interior volume (16) that is defined in a housing (18) of the exhaust processor (12) so as to be isolated from exhaust gas in the housing (18). A motion converter (20) is positioned in the isolated interior volume (16) and is configured to convert in the isolated interior volume (16) linear movement of a linear valve actuator (22) into rotation of an exhaust valve (17). A cushioning pad (120, 122, 320, 420) can be used in a variety of exhaust processors (12, 212) to facilitate positioning of the exhaust valve (17). An associated method is disclosed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for reducing emissions of particulates from diesel engines. Exhaust is passed through a diesel particular filter having at least two stages comprised of (a) a catalyst section having a platinum group metal catalyst on contact surfaces within the catalyst section and (b) a filter section comprised of passages effective to remove particulates from a moving stream of combustion gases generated by combusting the fuel in the engine and holding them therein to permit their oxidation. Carbon removal is enhanced by utilizing levels of platinum group metal composition, cerium compositions, fuels and/or optional chemical enhancers to generate NO2 in the catalyst section in amounts sufficient to form cerium nitrates in the filter section. The cerium oxide is associated with and maintains dispersion of the platinum in the filter section, and the cerium nitrates are available at the surface and within the soot particles to provide enhanced soot oxidation at a lower balance point.

Abstract: An engine emissions diagnostic is disclosed that utilizes parameters correlating to catalyst temperature to identify when an indication of degraded performance may be generated.

Abstract: An exhaust gas aftertreatment device for an internal combustion engine producing the exhaust gas comprises an inlet configured to receive the exhaust gas, an outlet from which the exhaust gas exits the device, an aftertreatment element disposed between the inlet and the outlet, and a flow modification mechanism. The aftertreatment element has a front face receiving the exhaust gas from the inlet of the device, and the flow modification mechanism is configured to modify exhaust gas flow through the aftertreatment element in a manner that maintains uniform temperature across the front face of the element.

Abstract: An exhaust purifying apparatus has an adsorbent capable of adsorbing hydrocarbons in an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine, estimates the temperature of the adsorbent by repeated processing to estimate the current value by adding an added value to the previous estimated value, and changes the added value in response to the intake air amount and the ignition timing of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dosing system comprising a dosing means for metering a liquid, especially an aqueous urea solution used for the aftertreatment of exhaust gases generated by combustion engines. The liquid can be conveyed from a reservoir into an exhaust manifold through the dosing means in a normally operating conveying device. According to the invention, at least one area that is located between a dosing point and the reservoir and is impinged upon by the liquid can be emptied counter to a normal transport direction of the liquid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification apparatus which has an enhanced property of purifying exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine for vehicles, and which is configured to decrease the exhaust gas pressure of the engine. The exhaust gas purification apparatus includes an engine head block, where exhaust pipes combine, has a side on which an exhaust outlet is formed, a first catalytic converter that holds a first catalyst and that is to be coupled to a side of the engine head block, a second catalytic converter that holds a second catalyst and that is coupled to a rear of the first catalytic converter, an exhaust pipe that couples the engine head block to the first catalytic converter. Moreover, the first and second catalysts withstand a temperature equal to/more than 800° C.

Abstract: An exhaust flow director and catalyst mount for an internal combustion engine includes a collector chamber with an outlet flange adapted for direct connection with an exhaust treatment catalyst. A number of transitional guide vanes located within the collector chamber direct exhaust gases flowing from runners into the collector chamber. The runners attaching exhaust flanges and the outlet flange of the present device are substantially coplanar.

Abstract: An arrangement for controlling a work vehicle including a hydraulic system that includes at least one pump and at least one actuator operatively driven by hydraulic fluid delivered from the pump is provided. At least a first pump is a variable displacement pump. The system is of load-sensing type in that the pump displacement is controlled by a pilot pressure representing a load exerted on the system. The arrangement includes an arrangement for reducing the pilot pressure delivered to the first pump so that the first pump displacement is regulated down when there is a need for limiting hydraulic power consumption.

Abstract: The invention is a method and apparatus for extracting power from a buoyant source within a contained column of liquid. It is comprised of an endless chain of movable buoyant objects, a means to convert the movement of the chain into useful work and a tank filled with a constant volume column of water. The buoyant objects comprising the chain sequentially enter the bottom of the water column, move up through the column and emerge at the surface. The emerging buoyant objects leave the tank and are directed to the tank bottom were each buoyant object repeats the cycle. As the chain of buoyant objects cycle through the water column, the volume of water remains constant, with one buoyant object of the chain entering the bottom of the water column as one is exiting at the top surface. The movement of the chain is a function of the buoyancy of the buoyant objects and the movement is converted to work by any conventional means using a rotary drive or linear escapement motor.

Abstract: A brake assembly configured to bias the master cylinder to rotate upward in a crash which induces the brake pedal to rotate down and away from the driver. This is achieved with a reduced number of parts, an angle reservoir for the initial position, a localized crush zone in the booster all configured to use the assembly's contact with the lower dash panel as a fulcrum point inducing downward rotation of the brake pedal. The present invention takes geometric advantage of its position proximate the lower dash panel to sure that when the engine compartment portion is pushed rearward toward the occupant compartment, the localized crush zone of the booster case induces upward rotation of the master cylinder causing the booster to pivot about the lower dash panel and cause the parallel brackets to rotate downward.

Abstract: A bicycle hydraulic brake actuation device includes a hydraulic master cylinder housing having a bore, a master piston and a radial seal received in the bore a push rod and a lever. The push rod is configured to move the master piston and the radial seal between a neutral position and a braking position. The lever is pivotally attached to the housing for pivotal movement between an at rest position and a brake actuation position. The lever includes a contact surface configured and arranged to move the push rod as the lever is pivoted between the at rest position and the brake actuation position. Further, the push rod includes at least one roller configured to contact to the contact surface of the lever.

Abstract: A bicycle hydraulic brake actuation device includes a hydraulic master cylinder housing having a bore and a push rod guide surface, a master piston and a radial seal received in the bore, a push rod and a lever. The push rod is supported by the push rod guide surface for sliding movement within the hydraulic master cylinder housing. The push rod is configured to move the master piston and the radial seal from a neutral position to a braking position. The lever is pivotally attached to the housing for pivotal movement between an at rest position and a brake actuation position. The lever is also configured and arranged to move the push rod and the master piston from the neutral position toward the braking position as the lever is pivoted between the at rest position and the brake actuation position.

Abstract: A method for controlling a variable geometry turbine of a turbocharger to increase the temperature of the exhaust gas delivered to an after-treatment system. In one form the method includes reducing a fluid flow area to the turbine below a normal size and bypassing a portion of the exhaust gas around a plurality of guide vanes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for controlling a supercharged engine comprising at least one cylinder (10), at least one supercharged fuel-containing inlet valve (20), a supercharged non-fuel-containing air inlet valve (28), and at least one exhaust valve (36). According to the invention, the method consists of: bringing about, before the exhaust phase of a cylinder, an overlap of the non-fuel-containing inlet valve (28) and exhaust valve (36), commanding an additional means (30) in order to admit supercharged non-fuel-containing air into said cylinder (10) to scavenge the residual burned gases, commanding said additional blocking means to close the supercharged non-fuel-containing air intake when the pressure of the supercharged non-fuel-containing air is less than that of the exhaust gases.

Abstract: Early detection and avoidance of turbocharger failure are provided by monitoring vibration of the turbocharger rotor using a vibration sensor and providing the output signal of the sensor to a controller programmed to periodically compare the magnitude of the vibration to a predetermined maximum limit. Upon the magnitude of the vibration exceeding the maximum limit, thus indicating a potential abnormal condition, the controller issues a command to a fuel controller for the engine to cause the fuel controller to place the engine in a predetermined safe operating mode selected to reduce the likelihood of turbocharger and engine damage from the abnormal condition.

Abstract: A method of controlling a variable geometry turbocharger (502) includes the steps of determining an engine start of operation (402), initiating a timer (408), and commanding an open position (412) for the vanes of the variable geometry turbocharger (502). The open position (412) may be maintained for a predetermined time (t?), after which, normal operation may resume (406).

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes at least on intake manifold, at least one exhaust manifold, and a plurality of combustion cylinders for receiving a near stoichiometric fuel and air mixture from the at least one intake manifold. A turbocharger, including a turbine and a compressor, is in communication with at least one exhaust manifold. The compressor has a high pressure side in communication with at least one intake manifold. A particulate filter is in communication with the turbine and has an inlet. A combustion air duct is in communication with the high pressure side of the compressor and the particulate filter inlet.

Abstract: An exemplary mixer includes a cylindrical wall having a center axis, a substantially tubular wall defining a volute oriented about the center axis, an inlet to the volute, an exit to the volute provided by one or more openings in the cylindrical wall wherein the volute imparts a tangential velocity component to gas exiting the volute and a mount to mount the mixer to an inlet to a compressor wherein the tangential velocity component imparted by the orientation of the volute is in the intended direction of rotation of a compressor wheel of the compressor. Such a mixer can improve compressor stability, especially where the gas is exhaust gas for exhaust gas recirculation. Other methods, device, systems are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a turbo-compound system having a crankshaft driven by an internal combustion engine; having an exhaust gas turbine arranged in the flow of exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine; having a hydrodynamic coupling, comprising a primary impeller and a secondary impeller, together forming a working chamber which may be filled or is filled with a working medium, which is arranged in a driven connection between the crankshaft and the exhaust gas turbine in such a way that, when the working chamber of the hydrodynamic coupling is filled, for the exhaust gas turbine driven by the exhaust-gas flow, drive power is transmitted from the exhaust gas turbine to the crankshaft. The turbo-compound system according to the invention is characterized in that a switching means is provided for reversing the direction of rotation of the primary impeller or of the secondary impeller of the hydrodynamic coupling.

Abstract: A gas-turbine combustion chamber wall for a lean-burning gas-turbine combustion chamber with a combustion chamber casing 2, 3 and several combustion chamber segments arranged in the combustion chamber casing 2, 3 and forming a combustion chamber wall 10. Each of the combustion chamber segments is supplied with cooling air with film cooling via axial and/or radial cooling holes 16, 17, with the cooling holes 16, 17 being axially spaced from each other and with dampening openings 19a being provided in this area for the introduction of cooling air.

Abstract: The present invention provides a reformed-fuel-burning gas turbine system that constantly generates good-quality reformed fuel even when heavy fuel has a different composition. The reformed-fuel-burning gas turbine system according to the present invention comprises a heavy oil heater; a water heater; a reformer vessel for mixing high-temperature, high-pressure water with high-temperature, high-pressure heavy oil to cause a hydrothermal reaction and producing reformed fuel from heavy oil; and a gas turbine which operates on the reformed fuel.

Abstract: The dual heat to cooling converter is comprised of one device which converts thermal energy to electricity and the second device which converts electrical energy to cooling. The emf generating device may be of the thermoelectric type and the cooling device of the thermionic type and conversely, the emf generating device may be of the thermionic type and the cooling device may be of the thermoelectric type. The unwanted heat generated during the conversion process is removed by the adiabatic plane, located between the emf generator and the cooling generator. The emf generator and the cooling generator and thermally isolated and electrically connected.

Abstract: An air conditioning unit for a combined refrigeration plant and heat pump mode of operation for vehicles is disclosed, wherein the air conditioning unit includes a primary circuit and a secondary passage, and a power consumption required by the air conditioning unit to heat the passenger compartment is minimized.

Abstract: A cryopump is disclosed. The cryopump includes a cryopump main body connected to a vacuum chamber via an inlet. The cryopump main body includes a vacuum container. A shielding section, a two-stage type cryogenic cooler, a baffle, and first cryopanel and second cryopanels are provided in the vacuum container. A top surface of the first cryopanel is disposed at a position nearest to a surface of the baffle. The top surface of the first cryopanel is disposed almost parallel to the surface of the baffle.

Abstract: A gas pressure reducer comprising at least one gas expansion device for allowing the gas to expand and thereby reduce in pressure, and at least one means for raising the temperature of the gas in the vicinity of the gas expansion device and wherein the means for raising the temperature of the gas comprises a liquid or solid fuel heater or a liquid fuelled engine.

Abstract: act The present invention discloses a defrost operating method for a refrigerator which performs a defrost operation by controlling operations of a compressor and a fan on the basis of a continuous operation time of the compressor and surface temperatures of evaporators to prevent frost from being formed on the evaporators, when cool air is generated in a freezing chamber and a refrigerator chamber by circulating refrigerants through a refrigeration cycle built in a refrigerator main body and forcibly circulated bX rotating the fan. The defrost operating method for the refrigerator can omit a general heater by performing the defrost operation by using the compressor and the fan. In addition, the defrost operating method for the refrigerator improves heat exchange efficiency and reduces power consumption by efficiently performing the defrost operation.

Abstract: An air conditioner having two compressors enables, when one compressor is started, the phase advance capacitor for the other compressor to be temporarily separated and used in parallel with the phase advance capacitor for the one compressor. These compressors can have an increased starting torque without using a starting capacitor. This structure allows the effective use of expensive capacitors, making the system inexpensive.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a power transformer and VSD mounted on the chiller equipment. The transformer is preferably a liquid-filled transformer rated for medium/high voltage input, and at least two output low voltages, one voltage for the VSD and other power equipment, and another voltage for the control panel and control equipment. The placement of the power transformer on the chiller eliminates the need to allocate additional floor space for an auxiliary transformer or medium/high voltage VSD. The transformer also includes cooling means in the form of a heat exchanger in which the liquid is cooled by circulating condenser water, chilled water or refrigerant from the chiller system. The cooling means may also be connected to cooling coils connected to the VSD.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for improving the control of the temperature of a supported member, such as a substrate, in high vacuum processing systems, such as ion beam etch (IBE) systems. The apparatus includes thermoelectric devices that transfer heat from a support member supporting the supported member to a liquid-cooled heat exchange member to regulate the temperature of the support member. The method includes cooling the support member with thermoelectric devices that transfer the heat to the liquid-cooled heat exchange member.

Abstract: A system includes electronic equipment, a device arranged to cool air using a refrigerant, the device secured to one of a top side and a bottom side of the electronic equipment, and a housing arranged to enclose the electronic equipment and the device, where the cooled air is propagated from one of the top side and the bottom side of the electronic equipment to the other one of the top side and the bottom side of the electronic equipment.

Abstract: An air conditioner condenser cooler is disclosed that includes a source of cooling fluid, means for atomizing the fluid, and means for directing the atomized fluid adjacent an associated air conditioner. The atomized fluid reduces the temperature of the ambient air drawn across the condenser through the adiabatic process. The reduced temperature of the air facilitates the efficient transfer of heat energy from the condenser to the ambient air minimizing the energy consumption required for the air conditioner to provide a desired level of cooling.

Abstract: A heat pump system operates in heating and cooling modes. The heat pump is provided with both a reheat function and economizer circuit. The economizer circuit provides augmented performance to the heat pump, while the reheat coil allows enhanced control over temperature and humidity of the air supplied to the conditioned space. A bypass line around an outdoor heat exchanger is also provided to achieve additional flexibility of control for a sensible heat ratio. Selective operation of the abovementioned components and subsystems allows precise control over system operation parameters and hence satisfaction of a wide spectrum of sensible and latent load demands and improved reliability.

Abstract: A power supply system for a railway vehicle is provided including a converter able to receive information from a transmission system between a power supply unit and air-conditioning units and to deduce from this information the demand for electrical power from each air-conditioning unit, this demand indicating the electrical power required by that air-conditioning unit to cool and/or dehumidify the air within a car in which it is installed, and the first electrical converter being equipped with a module for adjusting the amplitude and/or frequency of the three-phase voltage in a power supply network in response to the demands transmitted by each air-conditioning unit.

Abstract: An ice tray assembly and refrigerator having the same are disclosed, by which pieces of ice stored in a plurality of ice trays can be simultaneously discharged by a single motion without interfering with each other. The present invention includes a plurality of ice trays vertically provided within a case, a plurality of the ice trays connected to one another by an interoperating means to be simultaneously rotated and a driving means for rotating a plurality of the ice trays by being connected thereto.

Abstract: A method of starting a vertically situated cylindrical cooler for powered material such as cement within which material to be cooled moves upward through the cooler by being propelled by rotatable spiral flights. The method is advantageously used when the cooler, because of a crash stop, is prevented from starting normally because of an excess of packed material located at its bottom, thus preventing the spiral flights from rotating. According to the method of the invention, a compressed gas is introduced into the bottom portion of the cooler in a quantity sufficient to aerate the packed material. Once the material is sufficiently aerated the spiral flights are able to be rotated, thereby propelling the material upward through the cooler.

Abstract: A cooling system for transferring heat from a heat load to an environment has a volatile working fluid. The cooling system includes first and second cooling cycles that are thermally connected to the first cooling cycle. The first cooling cycle is not a vapor compression cycle and includes a pump, an air-to-fluid heat exchanger, and a fluid-to-fluid heat exchanger. The second cooling cycle can include a chilled water system, or a vapor compression system, for transferring heat from the fluid-to-fluid heat exchanger to the environment. The pump circulates the vaporizable refrigerant to the evaporator device associated with the air stream within the rack or enclosure. The heated air causes the refrigerant to evaporate within the evaporator device. This evaporated refrigerant travels to a condenser device cooled by another thermally cooler fluid, causing the refrigerant to condense back to a liquid, return to the pump, and begin the cycle again.

Abstract: To improve the manufacturing efficiency of a body, and reduce the manufacturing cost of an expansion valve. A body accommodating a valve section is formed, using forming dies, such as die-casting dies, integrally with an inlet port for introducing refrigerant, an outlet port for delivering expanded refrigerant, a male thread, and has a power element connected thereto by the male thread. This eliminates a necessity of subjecting the body to fabrication, for forming the inlet port, the outlet port, a valve hole, a hole for receiving therein a valve element and set value-adjusting members, a hole for receiving therein a shaft which transmits an actuating force dependent on temperature sensed by the power element to the valve element, and further the male screw. Therefore, the manufacturing efficiency of the body is improved, and the manufacturing cost of the expansion valve can be reduced.

Abstract: The current invention provides a methodology and apparatus for the liquefaction of normally gaseous material, most notably natural gas, which reduces the number of process vessels required and/or reduces space requirements over convention apparatus.

Abstract: Argon, oxygen and nitrogen contained within an incoming air feed is fractionated within an air separation system having a multiple column arrangement that includes a higher pressure column and a lower pressure column to produce oxygen and nitrogen-rich fractions and an argon column to produce an argon-rich fraction for recovery of the argon as an argon product. A two-phase stream can be formed by either expanding at least part of a liquid air stream or by a liquid oxygen column bottoms formed within a higher pressure column of the multiple column arrangement. The liquid air stream is formed by liquefying part of the air feed to be fractionated against vaporizing a pumped liquid stream composed of nitrogen and/or oxygen. The diversion of the nitrogen vapor contained in the nitrogen-rich fraction increases the liquid to vapor ratio within the lower pressure column to increase the argon recovery.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for cambering a glass sheet, said device comprising a pressing station provided with a male press and a female press which are arranged opposite each other in a complementary manner. The male press is formed from at least two distinct resilient parts, a base and at least one forming complement, which are adapted in such a way as to be fixed to each other. Said forming complement is detachable and interchangeable according to the form to be applied to the glass sheet, and comprises a fixing surface which is adapted in such a way as to be fixed to a fixing surface of the base, and a forming surface which is adapted in such a way as to be pressed against the glass sheet in order to apply the desired form thereto. The invention also relates to an industrial installation comprising one such device, and to a method for implementing said device.

Abstract: Glass can be synthesized and deposited at a high rate by the inside CVD method using a plasma burner in a manner such that unconsolidated portions or bubbles are little generated. The method includes a step of depositing a glass film on the inner wall surface of a starting pipe. In a first aspect, temperature the pipe is controlled not to exceed (1800+100×d)° C., a temperature of (1100+100×d)° C. or higher being continued for 20 seconds or more at each point of the pipe, where d (mm) represents the wall thickness of the pipe. In a second aspect, the burner includes at least two inlets and has an inner diameter of 80 mm or more, and the deposition step is performed in the relationship, 150 mm/s<(Total flow rate of the gases introduced into the burner)/(Sectional area of the burner)<600 mm/s.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for drawing an optical fiber having reduced and low attenuation loss, and good strength are provided.

Abstract: A modular laundry system comprises first and second laundry appliances in a horizontal arrangement and first and second single width horizontal modules. The first single width horizontal module is vertically arranged with the first laundry appliance, and the second single width horizontal module is vertically arranged with the second laundry appliance. At least one of the first and second single width horizontal modules is a laundry care module having an associated laundry care function.

Abstract: A modular laundry system comprises first and second laundry appliances in one of a horizontal and vertical arrangement and a cabinet module. The cabinet module can be arranged relative to the first and second laundry appliances to form a configuration having a footprint with a width substantially equal to a combined width of any two of the first laundry appliance, the second laundry appliance, and the cabinet module. The cabinet module can be vertically arranged with the first laundry appliance.

Abstract: This is a device or equipment for treating the textile fabric shaped like a rope and it has a container and a transport nozzle system for the textile fabric. The transport nozzle systems have at least two separate transport nozzles arranged one beside the other axially, for each one of the respective rope-materials, whereby the transport nozzles are placed in a common transport-medium (medium of transport) distribution equipment. The transport-medium (medium of transport) distribution equipment is connected to a transport-medium (medium of transport) circulating equipment, and it contains the inlet for the transport-medium (medium of transport) of the transport-nozzles along with a space/room for impingement of the transport-medium i.e., medium of transport.

Abstract: A washing machine and a method of controlling spin drying thereof are provided. The method includes detecting an imbalance of a washing tub while rotating the washing tub after rinsing is completed, injecting water into the laundry in the washing tub based upon the imbalance of the washing tub, and detecting the imbalance of a washing tub while rotating the washing tub after the injecting of water. Therefore, since the imbalance detecting process of the washing tub can be reduced after rinsing is completed, the time necessary for beginning main spin drying of the laundry can be reduced.