Abstract: A continuous conveying type bag filling and packaging machine including multiple groups of grippers (2) continuously traveling along a racetrack-shaped annular path and, as the grippers (2) complete a single revolution, carries out various packaging operations, wherein a measuring hopper (42) is provided above each elevating hopper (37) and is continuously rotated in conjunction therewith. The measuring hopper (42) has a shutter (44). A weight detector (46), along with a shutter actuation mechanism (47), is provided so as to correspond to each measuring hopper (42) and is continuously rotated in conjunction therewith. If, based on a detection signal from the weight detector (46), it is determined that the weight of the material to be packaged that is supplied to the measuring hopper (42) exceeds the upper limit value of the allowable range, the corresponding shutter actuation mechanism (47) is not actuated, and the shutter (44) is maintained closed.

Abstract: Method and device for overwrapping products and for boxing overwrapped products, the device includes elements for dispensing overwrapping blanks and elements for loading products grouped together within a work station for distributing and loading preparatory batches and elements for closing preparatory batches and elements for offloading overwrapped batches grouped together within a work station for closing and offloading the overwrapped batches. The device also includes receiving elements including a first pair of shuttle shapers to adjust the volume of overwrapping blanks around the products to receive the preparatory batches. These shuttle shapers are arranged along a first distribution path for moving in phase opposition to one another so that, during operation, when one of the shuttle shapers is in position for distributing and loading the preparatory batches, the other of the shuttle shapers of the first pair is in position for closing and offloading the overwrapped batches, and vice versa.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus. In order to achieve efficient sealing, the apparatus includes a sealing with a plurality of sealing elements arranged generally in a ring configuration around a center opening. Each sealing element includes a sealing surface facing the center opening. At least one chamber is included for receiving sections of the sealing elements. An inlet to a fluid source provides the at least one chamber with fluid in order to generate an overpressure acting on the sections of the sealing elements received in the at least one chamber, and for pressing and moving the sealing surfaces of the sealing elements towards the center opening.

Abstract: A sealing apparatus for sealing a travelling packaging film. The sealing apparatus includes a first actuator, a second actuator, a first seal member, a second seal member, a slide rail arrangement, and a linkage coupled to the slide rail arrangement and connecting each of the first and second actuators to the first and second seal member. The first and second sealing members are actuated toward and away from each other between a disengaged position and an engaged position for sealing the travelling packaging film.

Abstract: A film cassette includes a film roll, a cassette case and a roller portion. The film roll is a wound film for packaging. The cassette case is configured to rotatably house the film roll, and includes a discharge opening from which the film pulled out from the film roll is discharged to the outside of the cassette case. The discharge opening extends in a direction parallel to a first rotation axis, which is a rotation axis of the film roll. The roller portion is rotatably supported by the cassette case in the vicinity of the discharge opening. The roller portion is rotatable around a second axis, which extends parallel to the first rotation axis.

Abstract: A sterile enclosure contains a transfer module defining a window. A port covers the window to maintain the inside of the enclosure as a sealed and sterile environment. A sliding, heated cutting element mounted on the port serves to sterilize and sever a portion of a sterile transfer bag assembly attached to the port. Preferably, the excised portion of the sterile transfer bag assembly is affixed to the port when the port opens. The sliding cutting element remains extended and heated to prevent contamination when the port is open. Further, a heating element is mounted about the window in order to sterilize around the opening when the port is open.

Abstract: According to some implementations a packaging operation is provided that includes a stage for the continuous feeding of a laminar film, a stage for the forming of the laminar film with a laminar tube being obtained, and a drive stage in which by means of at least two drive belts the movement of the laminar tube is caused. The packaging operation also includes a control operation in which the position of the drive belt in relation to the forming tool is controlled when slippage or risk of slippage of at least one of the drive belts with respect to the laminar tube is detected.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device (1) for storing waste, which device (1) is adapted to receive a supply of tubular film (21) and comprises a chamber (15) for receiving waste deposited in the tubular film (21). The present invention also relates to a method for packaging waste in a tubular film (21) and storing the packaged waste in a chamber (15) of a device (1) provided with a cover (3).

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for filling a container with solid particles, the device having annular ducts for passing particles, which ducts are defined by a plurality of vertical nozzles arranged coaxially relative to one another, and a diaphragm arranged upstream from the annular ducts for regulating the flow rate of particles in the annular ducts, the diaphragm has a plurality of shutter flaps for shutting off the annular ducts, each flap shutting off an angular sector of a single annular duct and the diaphragm having control means for controlling movement of the shutter flaps that are configured to be capable of partially shutting off any one of duct independently of the other ducts. The invention also relates to a method of shutting off a filler device.

Abstract: A handheld jar opener device has a handle and a strap extending from near a corner of the front and one (left) side of the handle. The strap is formed into a loop in front of the handle, and extends through a tunnel disposed diagonally through the handle from near a corner of the front and an opposite (right) side of the handle to the one (left) side of the handle, with a residual portion of the strap extending beyond the handle. The device may engage the lid of a jar, or the body of the jar. Two devices may be used as a system to engage both the lid and body of the jar. Force applied to the handle(s) is translated as torque to the lid and/or body of the jar.

Abstract: A drain adaptor comprising a stem and drain body. The stem comprises a breather opening defined by a surface of the stem and a drain opening defined by a surface of the stem. The drain body comprises another breather opening defined by a surface of the drain body and another drain opening defined by a surface of the drain body, wherein the stem extends from the drain body, and wherein a breather passageway extends from the breather opening of the stem to the other breather opening of the drain body, and wherein a drain passageway extends from the drain opening of the stem to the other drain opening of the drain body.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cyclone based on inlet particle regulation. In particular, the invention provides a cyclone based on inlet particle regulation, comprising an inlet particle regulator and a cyclone, wherein the outlet of the inlet particle regulator is connected to the inlet of the cyclone, and the inlet particle regulator is used to achieve distribution of particles in the inlet cross-section of the cyclone from large to small or from small to large.

Abstract: Z-filters capable of cleaning particulate matter from airflow streams in dust collectors, including reverse flow, reverse air, and reverse pulse systems.

Abstract: A low-profile filter frame is disclosed for maintaining an open filter plenum configuration during normal operation, and for enabling quick and reliable negative pressure testing. The frame has upper and lower halves. A breathing tube in the lower half connects to a respirator port. The upper and lower halves snap together to maintain the structure in an assembled configuration. The halves also include features that bias the halves apart when the device is in the assembled configuration, thereby maintaining the breathing tube open. To perform a fit test, a force is applied to an outer surface of the upper half, which moves the halves together, in opposition to the bias, so that the upper half seals against the breathing tube. The frame can be provide in as a single-piece, with a living hinge connecting upper and lower halves, or the upper and lower halves can be separate pieces.

Abstract: Composite filtering structures comprising nanofibres spatially distributed between microfibers, wherein on the nanofibers and on the microfibers a palisade of protrusions of nanometric sizes in the form of nano-protrusions is produced, which palisade comprises nano-protrusions oriented with respect to the fibre surface at an angle ranging from about 70° to about 120°. A method of obtaining such composite filtering structures by a method that includes feeding a thermoplastic material from an extruder to at least one fibre formation die, stretching formed fibres coming out from the die, which fibres being still in a molten phase, to smaller sizes by a stream of hot air flowing tangentially to the fibres, collecting the fibres after their solidification and thus forming a mat of packed fibres providing a filtering structure , and subjecting the filtering structure to chemical etching.

Abstract: A doffer adjustment device for a unit of a cotton harvester is disclosed. The unit includes a frame. A drum is rotatably coupled to the frame. A plurality of rows of spindles is rotatably coupled to the drum. A doffer column is rotatably coupled to the frame and configured to remove cotton from the spindles. The doffer adjustment device includes an adjusting member having a shaft portion and a wrench receiving portion. A locking device is coupled to the shaft portion. Wherein, the locking device is yieldable to an input causing rotation of the wrench receiving portion.

Abstract: A harvesting header and feederhouse for use with a crop harvesting machine has a feederhouse interface at a distal end of the feederhouse and a header frame. The header frame has a top beam, a bottom beam, and first and second vertical main structures connecting the top and bottom beams. The feederhouse interface and the vertical main structures of the header frame are pivotably connected to enable the header frame to pivot with respect to the feederhouse interface. At least one hydraulic ram connects between the feederhouse interface and the header frame to pivot the harvesting header on the feederhouse to a desired fore/aft pitch angle. A hydraulic supply provides hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic ram. Front and rear ground sensors provide an output that is used to control the fore/aft pitch angle of the harvesting header relative the ground by pivoting the header frame relative the feederhouse interface.

Abstract: A device for blocking ejection of crop material from an auger platform of an agricultural harvester features a shield for lying along an axial direction defined by a rotational axis of an auger of the auger platform reaching forwardly over the auger, and a flexible guard attached to the shield to run along the width dimension adjacent the free edge of the shield to hang downward therefrom with the shield in the operational position. A floating connection arranged between the shield and one or more shield mounts attachment the same to the auger platform allow floating of the shield upwardly out of a normal operational position, which is user adjustable. A flexible seal maintains a sealed condition between the shield and the auger platform throughout movement of the shield and in each of several user-selectable operating positions.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally an adjustable rake assembly for raking and baling material in a single pass. In various embodiments, the present invention provides a rake assembly that includes a frame and two movable wings configured to be moved to at least one transport position, in which the wings are disposed proximate a main axial member of the frame in a folded arrangement. The present invention also provides a rake assembly wherein at least one rake is configured to be moved with respect to the frame between a first position and a second position via a telescoping rake connection and a rotating rake connection. In some embodiments, the position of the wings and/or rakes may be changed via a control system.

Abstract: An electrical device such as a headset may have a cable. Wires in the cable may be used to connect speakers in the headset to a connector such as an audio jack. The cable may have a tubular intertwined cable cover that covers the wires. Computer-controlled servo motors in fiber intertwining equipment may be adjusted in real time so that intertwined attributes such as intertwining density and intertwining tension are varied as a function of length along the intertwined cable cover. The fiber intertwining equipment may make these variations to locally increase the strength of the intertwined cable cover and the cable in the vicinity of a bifurcation in the cable and in the vicinity of the portion of the cable that terminates at the audio jack.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are spandex fibers having reduced friction combined to provide a multiple end spandex package. The spandex fibers have a sheath-core cross-section with a lubricating additive is included in the sheath. A fusing additive specifically excluded to avoid coalescence among the individual filaments in the yarn. When combined in a yarn package, the multiple filaments are separable.

Abstract: The present invention relates to composite elastomeric yarns and fabrics, to methods of making same, and to articles in which such yarns and fabrics are used. The composite yarns of the present invention comprise a elastomeric core, an elastomeric thermoplastic sheath disposed about the core and, preferably, fibers mechanically anchored in the sheath. The composite fabrics of the present invention comprise the composite yarns of the present invention and conventional fibers arranged to form a fabric.

Abstract: A connecting link assembly for connecting two chain sizes together. The connecting link assembly includes a smaller connecting link assembly sized according to the smaller chain size, a larger connecting link assembly sized according to the larger chain size, and a connecting component. The connecting component is sized and shaped to be accepted by a dual chain wheel.

Abstract: An assembly for a gas turbine engine, with a gearbox including a first portion having a first input gear coupled to a rotatable turbine shaft, a first output gear, and defining a first transmission path between the first input and output gears, and a second portion having a second input gear coupled to the turbine shaft, a second output gear, and defining a second transmission path between the second input and output gears different from the first transmission path. A fan rotor is coupled to the first output gear and a booster rotor is coupled to the second output gear on a same side of the gearbox than the coupling between the fan rotor and the first output gear. A method of assembling a drive for a fan rotor and a booster rotor in a gas turbine engine is also disclosed.

Abstract: A constant pressure aerospike thruster has been developed. The aerospike thruster includes a hollow combustion chamber with a circular shaped throat area, a spring loaded pintle located inside the combustion chamber and a spike extended out from the pintle through the throat area.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a device for linking a front frame of a thrust reverser to a fan casing, which includes a linking flange capable of engaging with a receiving part secured to the casing and an annular receiving part secured to the front frame. The linking flange is made up of two flange sectors, movably mounted around an axis, pivoting between an engaged position and an open position. In the engaged position, the flange engages with the annular receiving part of the fan casing and the annular receiving part of the front frame so as to connect them. In the open position, the flange is radially separated from the annular receiving part of the fan casing and the annular receiving part of the front frame.

Abstract: A method for controlling an exhaust gas recirculation apparatus for heavy construction equipment of the present invention, which includes: an engine; a turbocharger which rotates a turbine by using exhaust gas discharged from the engine, and compresses air, which is supplied to the engine, by a compressor connected to the turbine through a connecting shaft; an intercooler which cools compressed air flowing into the engine; a high-pressure EGR line which is provided with a high-pressure EGR cooler and a high-pressure EGR valve, and does not pass through the turbocharger; a hybrid EGR line which is provided with a hybrid EGR valve and a hybrid EGR cooler, and does not pass through the turbine of the turbocharger but passes only through the compressor; and a low-pressure EGR line which is provided with a low-pressure EGR valve and a low-pressure EGR cooler, and passes through the turbocharger, includes a mechanical control step in which an engine control unit (ECU), which receives a low-load request signal from

Abstract: A compression-ignition engine is coupled to an exhaust aftertreatment system including a particulate filter. A method of operating the compression-ignition engine includes executing a feed-forward control scheme to determine an amount of post-combustion fuel to achieve a preferred temperature in the exhaust gas feedstream at an inlet to the particulate filter. The amount of post-combustion fuel is a nominal post-combustion fuel amount adjusted for a biodiesel blend ratio of the fuel. The post-combustion fuel is injected upstream of the exhaust aftertreatment system in response to a command to regenerate the particulate filter.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of controlling a vehicle aftertreatment system is provided. The aftertreatment system treats exhaust gas produced by the vehicle engine and includes a particulate filter, and a NOx reducing device such as a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) device. The particulate filter is configured to regenerate to remove accumulated particles when the exhaust gas is heated above a regeneration temperature. A diagnostic device is included for monitoring the aftertreatment system. The diagnostic device may be a sensor for measuring the oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and/or an SCR efficiency monitor. A controller is employed to optimize the function of the diagnostic device. The controller does not enable the diagnostic device when the vehicle is powered until one or more entry conditions are satisfied.

Abstract: An exhaust aftertreatment system for a diesel engine includes a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) device and a diesel oxidation catalyst upstream of the SCR device. A method for warming-up the SCR device includes monitoring a plurality of combustion input parameters during an SCR warm-up strategy, monitoring a first temperature and a second temperature within the aftertreatment system, providing a feedback adjustment term as a function of a deviation in the first temperature from a desired temperature only when the monitored first and second temperatures are within a predetermined adjustment range, and initiating an adjusted SCR warm-up strategy based on the feedback adjustment term to converge the first temperature toward the desired temperature.

Abstract: A method for controlling regeneration within an after-treatment component of an engine includes receiving a signal that is responsive to a change in pressure across an after-treatment component and calculating an estimate of accumulated particulate matter in the after-treatment component using a soot accumulation model calibrated to simulate operation of the engine at a reference condition. A soot model correction factor is based at least in part on an environmental temperature correction and is applied to the estimate of accumulated particulate matter in the after-treatment component to produce a temperature-compensated estimate of accumulated particulate matter in the after-treatment component.

Abstract: A power system comprising an engine that produces exhaust, a fuel system that injects a fuel into the engine, an aftertreatment system that treats the exhaust, and is controller. The aftertreatment system includes an oxidation catalyst that converts NO from the engine into NO2, a particulate filter that traps soot from the engine, and a sensor that provides an indication of the amount of soot in the particulate filter. The controller increases an engine fuel injection pressure when the amount of soot in the particulate filter is above a threshold.

Abstract: The present invention is a deposition prevention method of coking deposits using a turbocharger (120) including a turbine (122) including a flow path section having a vane section, a nozzle, and a housing, and a compressor (124) configured to introduce air into an engine (110) using rotation of the vane section of the turbine, and installed at an exhaust path (202) of the engine. The method includes a film coating process of forming a film including an element having a standard free energy change in a carbonization reaction of ?50 kJ/mol or more on at least one surface of the vane section, the nozzle and the housing of the flow path section of the turbine.

Abstract: A method and system are described for on-board treatment of an exhaust stream containing CO2 emitted by a hydrocarbon-fueled internal combustion engine (ICE) used to power a vehicle in order to reduce the amount of CO2 discharged into the atmosphere which include: a.

Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment system for an internal combustion engine is provided having an exhaust gas conduit, a diesel exhaust fluid (“DEF”) source, a selective catalytic reduction (“SCR”) device, a NOx sensor, and a control module. The DEF source supplies a DEF having a quality factor. The NOx sensor is in fluid communication with the exhaust gas conduit. The NOx sensor is located downstream of the SCR device and is configured for detecting a NOx concentration value. The control module is in communication with the DEF source and the NOx sensor. The control module stores a diagnostic adaptation factor and an expected NOx value. The control module includes a dosing module for determining a controls adaptation factor that is based on a deviation between the NOx concentration value and the expected NOx value. The diagnostic adaptation factor is selectively updated with the controls adaptation factor.

Abstract: In an ordinary mode, when an abnormality diagnosis of a PM sensor attached to a downstream opening downstream of a filter is performed, the PM sensor is moved to a first upstream opening upstream of the filter, and an exhaust gas is discharged from an engine. An ECU stores a program for the abnormality diagnosis. In an abnormality diagnosis mode, the ECU diagnoses the PM sensor by comparing an output value of the PM sensor to a standard output after performing the program. The first upstream opening may be closed by a cover in the ordinary mode.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for correcting characteristic variation of a PM sensor and improving detection accuracy of the sensor. The PM sensor has a pair of electrodes for capturing the PM in an exhaust gas, and a sensor output changes in accordance with a captured amount of the PM. If the sensor output gets close to a saturated state, the PM combustion control for combusting and removing the PM is executed. If a zero-point output of the PM sensor is to be corrected, first, a sensor output at a point of time when predetermined time required for combustion of the PM has elapsed after electrical conduction to the heater is started by the PM combustion control is obtained. Then, the sensor output at an arbitrary point of time is corrected. As a result, correction of the sensor can be made smoothly by using existing PM combustion control.

Abstract: The invention concerns a device for recirculation of exhaust gases from an engine (1) of a motor vehicle, comprising a first exhaust gas recirculation line (9) called an EGR line, a first heat exchanger (10) provided on said EGR line (9) to ensure cooling of the recirculated exhaust gases, and treatment means (11) for the exhaust gases allowing limitation of the pH of the condensate arising from said gases. Said treatment means (11) are provided upstream of said first exchanger (10) along the path of the exhaust gases and said exchanger (10) comprises a heat exchanger bundle made of aluminum and/or aluminum alloy.

Abstract: This invention has an object to appropriately correct characteristic variation of a PM sensor and to improve detection accuracy of the sensor. The PM sensor has a pair of electrodes for capturing the PM in an exhaust gas, and a sensor output changes in accordance with a captured amount of the PM. If the sensor output gets close to a saturated state, the PM combustion control for combusting and removing the PM between the electrodes by a heater is executed.

Abstract: To effectively utilize exhaust heat of an engine mounted on a vehicle. An exhaust heat utilization system includes a working fluid heating tank (11) mounted on a truck (10) driven by an engine (12) and configured to heat a working fluid (30) stored therein with exhaust heat of the engine (12) and a heater (26) configured to heat a greenhouse (25) with the working fluid (30) heated by the working fluid heating tank (11). Exhaust heat recovered from the truck (10) is utilized for the heating of the greenhouse (25).

Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment apparatus for a construction machine is provided, which is connected to a diesel particulate filter trap (DPF) to discharge exhaust gas from an engine to outside through the DPF. The exhaust gas treatment apparatus for a construction machine includes a tail pipe main body provided with a plurality of ventilation holes penetratingly formed on the tail pipe main body to allow the outside air to pass through the ventilation holes, and installed on an outlet of the DPF; an exhaust heat dissipation unit provided with a plurality of tubes which respectively communicate with the ventilation holes, and are installed in a horizontal direction of the tail pipe main body; and a plurality of exhaust holes located in a longitudinal direction of the tubes and penetratingly formed in an exhaust gas discharge direction.

Abstract: The present invention provides closed-cycle hydro jet thruster (CCHJT) used for the direct conversion of torque into thrust and/or lift force. In a preferred embodiment, the CCHJT includes an outer casing; two inner-members; an intermediate body; a plurality of convergent nozzles; a set of intersecting members; a drive shaft; a rotor assembly having a plurality of blades; a hydraulic fluid completely filling the space within the casing; and a fluid pressure regulating system. In operation, the rotating blades accelerate and compress the hydraulic fluid leading to generation of thrust/lift force on the blades, which is transmitted to the CCHJT's casing through thrust bearings. This is followed by acceleration of the working fluid within the nozzles, suddenly expanding the accelerated working fluid within sub-passages defined in-between the intersecting members, and then directing the flow of the working fluid towards the upstream suction surfaces of the blades for re-acceleration.

Abstract: A hydraulic circuit for lifting and lowering a load is disclosed. The hydraulic circuit may include a hydraulic pump, a fluid reservoir, a load-sense valve, and a hydraulic actuator having a first chamber and a second chamber. The hydraulic circuit may also include a first control valve assembly having first and second lowering positions, the valve being disposed between the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic actuator. A second control valve assembly may also be provided that is disposed between the first control valve assembly and the first chamber of the hydraulic actuator. In one embodiment, the second control valve assembly has a first position and a second position. In one embodiment, the load can be selectively lowered by the hydraulic circuit without use of the hydraulic pump when the first control valve assembly is in the first lowering position and the second control valve assembly is in the second position.

Abstract: A hydraulic system (10) includes an electronically-controlled counter-pressure valve (60) that enables backpressure in a return line (36) of the system to be varied by a control unit (64). The system allows active control of the pressure in the return line to produce different return pressures for different situations. A higher return line pressure may be set to improve make-up or recirculating flow through an anti-cavitation valve (50). This may improve controllability of functions that benefit from backpressure, such as lowering loads (12). The control unit that controls the counter-pressure valve may take into account any of a wide variety of possible inputs when setting the counter-pressure valve.

Abstract: A maintenance auxiliary tool of brake system includes a main body, a locking module, a pneumatic module and a controller. The main body includes an outer rod, a support rod and an adjusting rod. The pneumatic module includes a pneumatic cylinder, a first airflow device, a second airflow device and an action rod. When the switch is operated to push a high pressure air into the pneumatic cylinder through the second airflow device, the action rod is pushed to drive the brake pedal toward. When the switch is operated to push a high pressure air into the pneumatic cylinder through the first airflow device, the action rod is pushed to drive the brake pedal backward. The replacement of the brake oil will be completed by repeating the above operation which drives the brake pedal to go backward and toward in a manner to expel air within an oil pipe.

Abstract: To provide a hybrid type construction machine in which work can be kept on even if the amount of electricity stored in an electric storage device is out of an appropriate value. Both a hydraulic motor 27 and an electric motor 25 are provided for driving an upper swing structure 20. When the amount of electricity stored in a capacitor 24 is appropriate, the upper swing structure 20 is driven by both the hydraulic motor 27 and the electric motor 25. When the amount of electricity stored in the capacitor 24 exceeds an appropriate value, the mode is changed over to a mode in which the upper swing structure 20 is driven only by the hydraulic motor 27, and an assist electric generation motor 23 is assist-driven or engine-driven to thereby rapidly return the amount of electricity stored in the capacitor 24 to an appropriate range. The capacity of the capacitor 24 can be reduced, and the amount of electricity stored in the capacitor can be managed without losing the operability of swing motion.

Abstract: A hydrostatic system is configured to be integrated in a vehicle, e.g. an excavator. The hydrostatic system may comprise a first closed hydraulic circuit including a first hydraulic pump and a first hydraulic motor configured to operate a first component of the vehicle, and a second closed hydraulic circuit including a second hydraulic pump and a second hydraulic motor rated to operate a second component of the vehicle. Furthermore, a single six-port two-position directional valve may be provided. The single six-port two-position directional valve may be configured to switch between a first position and a second position such that in the first position the first hydraulic motor is driven by the first hydraulic pump and the second hydraulic motor is driven by the second hydraulic pump, and in the second position the first hydraulic motor is disconnected from the first hydraulic pump and the second hydraulic motor is driven by both the first and second hydraulic pumps.

Abstract: A hydraulic actuator is arranged such that the hydraulic actuator operates a swash plate of a hydraulic motor by a first pilot pressure and a second pilot pressure, the first pilot pressure being branched from a high-speed oil passage and applied to the hydraulic actuator for operating the swash plate of the hydraulic motor to a low speed side, the second pilot pressure being branched from a charge pump and applied to the hydraulic actuator for operating the swash plate of the hydraulic motor to a high speed side.

Abstract: A thermoacoustic engine includes a first looped pipe provided with a motor configured to convert thermal energy into acoustic energy, a second looped pipe provided with a receiver configured to convert the acoustic energy converted by the motor into thermal energy, and a connecting straight pipe interconnecting the first and second looped. A loop length between one end and an opposite end of the second looped pipe is set to L, the one end and the opposite end being connected with the connecting straight pipe such that acoustic energy is transmitted from the one end to the opposite end. The receiver is disposed within the second looped pipe in a region separated from the one end toward the opposite end by L×(0.6-1).

Abstract: A programmable shape device is described. The device comprises a wire grid made from a shape memory material. The grid is embedded in a transparent polymer. Under normal conditions, the device can be folded into any shape. Upon actuation, the device reverts back to a programmed parent shape. Such a device can be made into one shape during its desired use and another shape during storage or transportation. Methods of making and using a programmable shape device are described.