Abstract: A heat exchanger having a thermoelectric element. A heat-generating pack defines therein a circulation space, and has a passage in an upper portion of one end and a passage in the lower portion of the opposite end. A heat-absorbing pack defines therein a circulation space, and has a passage in the lower portion of one end and a passage in the upper portion of the opposite end. The heat-generating pack and the heat-absorbing pack are stacked on each other. The thermoelectric element is disposed between the heat-generating pack and the heat-absorbing pack, and has a heat-generating surface adjoining the heat-generating pack and a heat-absorbing surface adjoining the heat-absorbing pack.

Abstract: A refrigeration appliance comprises a freezer compartment in which air cooled by an evaporator is circulated by a fan and a thermoelectric device having a hot side in heat exchange relationship with the evaporator or with the freezer compartment and a cold side in heat exchange relationship with air within at least a portion of the freezer compartment in order to reduce temperature oscillations in the freezer compartment or in said portion thereof during evaporator defrost cycle.

Abstract: A refrigerated point-of-use food holding cabinet keeps food products cold in compartments having cross sections that are substantially U-shaped. Food products are kept refrigerated using heat-absorbing, Peltier devices thermally coupled to the U-shaped compartment. An optional cover helps prevent food flavor transfers between compartments. Semiconductor temperature sensors and a computer effectuate temperature control.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a heat-actuated double-acting traveling-wave thermoacoustic refrigeration system, comprising at least three elementary units; each elementary unit comprises a thermoacoustic engine, a thermoacoustic refrigerator, and a resonance device; the thermoacoustic engine and the thermoacoustic refrigerator comprise a main heat exchanger, a heat regenerator, a non-normal-temperature heat exchanger, a thermal buffer tube, and an auxiliary heat exchanger connected in sequence; the resonance device comprises a sealed housing, a moving part is provided in the housing for a reciprocating motion; the moving part separates the housing into at least two chambers; the main heat exchanger and auxiliary heat exchanger of each thermoacoustic engine and thermoacoustic refrigerator respectively connects to chambers of different housing, forming dual-loop structure of gas medium flow.

Abstract: A system in one embodiment includes a mixing module, an oxidation module, and a heat exchanger. The mixing module is configured to receive and mix a boil-off gas stream from a cryotank. The oxidation module is configured to receive the mixed stream, and to oxidize the boil-off gas in the mixed stream to produce an exhaust stream. The heat exchanger is configured to exchange heat between streams passing through a first passage configured to receive at least a portion of the exhaust stream, and a second passage configured to receive a fluid including the boil-off gas. The heat exchanger is configured to heat the fluid including the boil-off gas and cool the at least a portion of the exhaust stream. The fluid including the boil-off gas is heated by the heat exchanger upstream of the oxidation module.

Abstract: A cryogenic storage tank system and an automatic flow path selector valve for the same, in which maintenance is more convenient, the length of pipes is minimized, and the pressure of liquefied gas in a gaseous phase inside a cryogenic storage tank is automatically adjusted.

Abstract: A system in one embodiment includes a heat exchanger, a detection unit, and a controller. The heat exchanger includes a first passage and a second passage configured for exchange of heat therebetween. The first passage is configured to receive a boil-off gas stream of a first cryogenic fluid. The second passage is configured to receive a liquid stream of a second cryogenic fluid. The detection unit is configured to detect a characteristic of the boil-off gas stream. The controller is configured to, responsive to information acquired from the detection unit corresponding to the characteristic, control the flow of the second cryogenic fluid to provide sufficient exchange of heat from the boil-off gas stream via the heat exchanger to condense at least a portion of the boil-off gas stream. A liquid stream of the first cryogenic fluid is output from the first passage and returned to a first tank.

Abstract: A cryogenic tank assembly includes a cryogenic tank having an internal volume that is configured to contain liquefied natural gas (LNG). The cryogenic tank includes an inlet and an outlet that are each fluidly connected to the internal volume. The assembly includes a recirculation conduit coupled in fluid communication between the inlet and the outlet. The recirculation conduit extends along a path between the inlet and outlet external to the internal volume of the cryogenic tank such that the path is configured to be exposed to an ambient environment of the cryogenic tank. The recirculation conduit is configured to: receive a flow of LNG from the internal volume through the outlet; transfer heat from the ambient environment to the LNG flow to change the LNG flow to a flow of natural gas; and inject the natural gas flow into the internal volume of the cryogenic tank through the inlet.

Abstract: An energy conversion apparatus for a freezer includes a housing having a first region therein for receiving liquid CO2 for providing potential energy; a movable member rotatably mounted to the housing and having a second region in fluid communication with the first region and constructed to receive the liquid CO, for providing kinetic energy from which mechanical work is provided to rotate the movable member; and a discharge member connected to the movable member and having a third region in fluid communication with the second region, the third region continuing the mechanical work when exhausting the liquid CO2 such that the liquid CO2 is changed to a CO2 snow.

Abstract: A cold trap includes a duct, which is for connecting a volume to be evacuated to a vacuum pump, and a cold panel surrounded by the duct. The duct includes an inlet flange at an evacuation target side and an outlet flange at a vacuum pump side. The outlet flange is arranged at a distance from the inlet flange in the extending direction of the duct. The inlet flange has an outer diameter larger than an outer diameter of the outlet flange.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for controlling a refrigerator. The method comprises the steps of establishing a time interval of a certain duration, a first use of the refrigerator starting a first time interval, starting a subsequent time interval based on the start of the first time interval, and subtracted a time difference. The subsequent time interval subtracted a time difference is being used for starting a cool-down period of the subsequent time interval. The invention also relates to a control unit for the refrigerator and to a refrigerator with such control unit.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of chloro-trifluoropropenes as refrigerants in negative-pressure liquid chillers and methods of replacing an existing refrigerant in a chiller with chloro-trifluoropropenes. The chloro-trifluoropropenes, particularly 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, have high efficiency and unexpectedly high capacity in liquid chiller applications and are useful as more environmentally sustainable refrigerants for such applications, including the replacement of R-123 and R-11.

Abstract: A portable recovery unit for automatically filling a background tank of blended refrigerant includes a main tank for holding recovered refrigerant from a vehicle A/C system which has a first chemical composition, and an auxiliary tank for holding an auxiliary supply of fresh refrigerant which has a second refrigerant composition. The auxiliary tank is arranged in fluid communication with the main tank so that fluid can be transferred from the auxiliary tank to the main tank. An electronic controller controls the flow of fluid from the auxiliary tank to the main tank. A refrigerant identifier is coupled to the main tank to sample and analyze the refrigerant in the main tank in order to determine the chemical composition of the refrigerant in the main tank, so the refrigerant in the main tank can be purified to an acceptable level based on that analysis.

Abstract: A vaporizer has: an inlet (72); an oil outlet (90; 94); a vent (120); a hot gas inlet (132); and a cooled gas outlet (134). A gas flowpath (130) extends from the hot gas inlet to the cooled gas outlet. A vaporizer chamber (192) is downstream of the inlet along a primary flowpath. A gas conduit (220) is along the gas flowpath in heat exchange relation with the primary flowpath. A sump (194) is below the vaporizer chamber. A housing (180) encloses the sump and the vaporizer chamber. A passageway extends from the vaporizer chamber to the sump.

Abstract: A supersonic cooling system operates by pumping liquid. Because the supersonic cooling system pumps liquid, the compression system does not require the use of a condenser. The compression system utilizes a compression wave. An evaporator of the compression system operates in the critical flow regime where the pressure in an evaporator tube will remain almost constant and then ‘jump’ or ‘shock up’ to the ambient pressure.

Abstract: Operation data of a refrigerant circuit is acquired after an initial refrigerant charge amount of refrigerant is charged in the refrigerant circuit and operation of the refrigerant circuit is started, an internal volume of a high-pressure pipe 6 is computed from the obtained operation data and the initial refrigerant charge amount input in a input unit 112, a target refrigerant charge amount is computed from the computed internal volume of the high-pressure pipe 6 and a standard operating state acquired in advance, the standard operating state being operation data of the refrigerant circuit when the refrigerant circuit is in a standard operating state that satisfies a preset condition, and an additional refrigerant charge amount is computed from the target refrigerant charge amount and the initial refrigerant charge amount.

Abstract: The disclosure features various embodiments and aspects of a chest for quenching beverages. The chest can include a tank for holding a chilled mixture of ice and water, an ice maker adapted for making ice having an output for ejecting ice into a conduit in fluid communication with the tank, and a plurality of quench trays disposed above the tank for holding containers of beverages located in first and second positions. The trays can be filled with cold water by way of a conduit in fluid communication with the tank. The quench trays can include a compartment defined by a bottom and a plurality of walls, and defining therein a plurality of rows for aligning and containing a plurality of beverage containers. The drawers can further include at least one drain orifice configured to guide water out of the quench tray.

Abstract: The evaporative cooler and pad operates on the principle of cooling the air by evaporation of water passing through one or more evaporator pads in the cooler. The evaporation of water cools the air as it is drawn through the cooler by an internal fan. The pads of the evaporative cooler and pad are formed of luffa sponge fibers. The cooler may include a device for dispensing antimicrobial and/or antifungal agents into the water reservoir of the cooler. Alternatively, the pads may be pretreated with antimicrobial and/or antifungal agents. A cooling fan is provided in the interior of the cooler to blow cooled, humidified air over the surface of the water in the reservoir before the water is passed through the evaporator pads, thereby increasing the cooling efficiency of the system.

Abstract: An object is to enable the dealer or user of an air conditioning apparatus to recognize that the heat dissipation amount of a heat exchange device is less than the heat dissipation amount expected of the air conditioning apparatus. A control device detects a hot water outflow temperature being a temperature of a fluid heated by a heat pump device, and a return temperature being a temperature of the fluid before being heated by the heat pump device, and checks whether or not a temperature difference between the detected hot water outflow temperature and the detected return temperature is smaller than a predetermined first value. If the control device judges that the temperature difference is smaller than the first value, it displays insufficiency of the heat dissipation amount of a heat exchange device, on a display of a remote controller.

Abstract: A heat pump device that can efficiently feed a high-frequency current to an electric motor and effectively heat a compressor includes a compressor including a compression mechanism configured to compress a refrigerant and a motor configured to drive the compression mechanism, heat exchangers, an inverter configured to apply a voltage to the motor, and an inverter control unit configured to drive the inverter. The inverter control unit includes a stagnation detecting unit configured to determine whether heating of the compressor is necessary and notify the determination result and a high-frequency-alternating-current-voltage generating unit and a PWM-signal generating unit configured to shift to a heating operation mode when the heating is necessary and, in the heating operation mode, generate PWM signals to provide, based on a heating time carrier signal having two or more frequencies, a period in which a reflux current flows.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cooling device (1) comprising a refrigeration volume (3) wherein the foodstuffs to be cooled are placed, at least one cabinet (2) having an inner wall (4) surrounding the refrigeration volume (3) and an outer wall (5) with heat insulating material injected between itself and the inner wall (4), a compressor (6) providing compression of the refrigerant and circulation pipes (7) that extend at least between the inner wall (4) and the outer wall (5), providing the refrigeration volume (3) to be cooled by circulating the refrigerant leaving the compressor (6) therein.

Abstract: An evaporator heat exchanger unit for a heating cooling module for a motor vehicle is disclosed. In one aspect, the evaporator heat exchanger unit includes at least one collector expansion tank for collecting a refrigerant and one evaporator, by which at least a part of the refrigerant can be converted into gaseous form. The evaporator heat exchanger unit also includes a housing enclosing an inner chamber, wherein in the inner chamber, the collector expansion tank, the evaporator, and a cooling medium are arranged, and wherein an expansion organ is arranged on the housing, by which the refrigerant is supplied to the evaporator.

Abstract: An evaporator with a cool storage function includes a plurality of flat refrigerant flow tubes which spaced apart from one another in a thickness direction of the plurality of refrigerant flow tubes to form spaces among the plurality of flat refrigerant flow tubes. The outer fins are disposed in a first part of the spaces and joined to the plurality of refrigerant flow tubes. The cool storage material container contains a cool storage material and is disposed in a second part of the spaces other than the first part. The inner fin is disposed within the cool storage material container and has crest portions extending along the longitudinal direction, trough portions extending along the longitudinal direction, and connection portions connecting the crest portions and the trough portions.

Abstract: A compact transportable apparatus for flexibly recovering natural gas liquids from a natural gas stream feedstock includes a replaceable segment on one or more natural gas liquids transfer lines that is removable in the field without cutting the line for replacement with different replaceable part, for example, a J-T valve replacing a length of pipe, for flexibility in adjusting performance of the apparatus to match on site or changing conditions of the natural gas stream feedstock. Insulation surrounding the replaceable segment is discontinuous with insulation surrounding the remainder of the natural gas liquids transfer line in which the segment is interposed. This allows separation of the segment from such transfer line without disturbing the insulation of the remainder of that natural gas liquids transfer line if the replaceable segment is removed and replaced with a different replaceable segment.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for separating air in which production of the liquid products can be selectively varied between high and low production rates by varying the pressure ratio across a turboexpander used in imparting refrigeration with the use of a branched flow path. The branched flow path has a system of valves to selectively and gradually introduce a compressed refrigerant air stream into either a booster compressor branch having a booster compressor to increase the pressure ratio during high modes of liquid production or a bypass branch that bypasses the booster compressor to decrease the pressure ratio during low modes of liquid production. A recycle branch is connected to the booster compressor branch to allow compressed air to be independently recycled from the outlet to the inlet of the booster compressor during turndown from the high to the low liquid mode of liquid production to prevent surge.

Abstract: A motivational bracelet for tracking milestones toward long term goals is comprised of a flexible material and featuring one or more detachable buttons.

Abstract: The invention relates to a decorative piece comprising a plurality of stones and a device for fixing the stones relative to each other, the fixing device comprises a single base made of a first material which makes it possible to attach all the stones relative to each other by one of their faces, the kites of stones are mounted edge to edge relative to each other so that said single base is masked, characterised in that the first material is an at least partially amorphous alloy. The invention likewise relates to the method for manufacturing such a piece. The invention relates to the field of jewellery, gemstone articles or timepieces.

Abstract: The invention provides a glass ceramic glaze composition manufactured using conventional raw material and one or more waste materials, wherein the waste materials are capable of producing glass forming oxides and glass modifying oxides. The waste materials are selected from a group that includes cullet, pozzolanic waste and fly ash. The invention also provides a method for manufacturing the glass ceramic glaze composition. Further, the invention provides different methods of glazing a glass ceramic substrate using the glass ceramic glaze composition.

Abstract: The invention is related to a method of producing glass products from glass product material. Said method comprises the steps of heating the glass product material, shaping the heated glass product material into a glass product, cooling the shaped glass product, and inspecting the shaped glass products by means of at least one sensor sensitive to infrared radiation In said inspecting step a first image of the glass product is taken under a first viewing angle. In addition a second image of said glass product is taken under a second viewing angle which is different from the first viewing angle. The first image is compared with the second image for eliminating parasite reflections. The first and second images are analyzed for detecting whether said glass product is defective or not. An assembly is described for performing said method of producing glass products from glass product material.

Abstract: A method of welding together pieces that contain substratum includes focusing a laser beam to their common surface between them so the focal point energy melts material in both pieces at the same time. The focused laser beam is set to move in relation of the pieces that do not move in relation to each other with such a velocity that the melted material when getting hard forms a united welded seam. When the surfaces to be joined together are three-dimensional the height position of the laser beam focal point is altered following the measuring results of a light beam that advances in front of the laser beam so that it focuses all the time with a certain accuracy to the common surface.

Abstract: A support fixture for use in a directional solidification system for the production of multi-crystalline ingots having a housing with a passage that extends into an inner assembly having a crucible includes a collar, an alignment bracket, and an arm. The collar has a mounting structure for attaching the collar to the housing. A passage extends through the collar and defines a longitudinal axis. The alignment bracket is in spaced relation to the collar. The arm extends from the collar to the alignment bracket to support the alignment bracket and prevent movement of the alignment bracket with respect to the collar. The arm is shaped to allow an operator access to an area adjacent to the longitudinal axis.

Abstract: Disclosed is a float bath which allows easy temperature control according to an internal position, and a glass manufacturing apparatus and glass manufacturing method including the float bath. The float bath includes a plurality of heaters provided at an upper portion of the float bath to supply heat into the float bath, and a shield provided between predetermined heaters among the plurality of heaters to block heat transfer therebetween.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for cutting a strengthened glass sheet 10, and the strengthened glass sheet 10 including a front surface layer 13 and a rear surface layer 15 which have a residual compressive stress, and an intermediate layer 17 which is formed between the front surface layer 13 and the rear surface layer 15 and has an inside residual tensile stress is cut by moving an irradiation region 22 of the laser beam. In addition, when initiating the cutting of the strengthened glass sheet 10, a thermal stress which induces the generation of a crack is exerted on a cutting initiation location, the extension of the crack is suppressed simultaneously with the generation of the crack at the cutting initiation location, and then the strengthened glass sheet 10 is cut while suppressing the extension of a crack caused by the inside residual tensile stress in the intermediate layer 17.

Abstract: Roller pairs and draw apparatus for processing glass ribbons are disclosed. The roller pairs applying force to a glass ribbon moving through the draw apparatus. The roller pairs include a first roller assembly and a second roller assembly positioned along opposite sides of the glass ribbon. A shaft of the second roller assembly is coupled to an actuation system that includes a repositionable support member allowing translation of the shaft of the second roller assembly in a direction transverse to the draw direction of the glass ribbon, a pneumatic actuator controlling a position of the contact wheel of the second roller assembly in the direction transverse to the draw direction of the glass ribbon, and a pneumatic reservoir in fluid communication with the pneumatic actuator delivering fluid at an elevated pressure to the pneumatic actuator.

Abstract: Methods for forming optical fiber preforms are disclosed. According to one embodiment, a method for forming an optical fiber preform includes forming a preform core portion from silica-based glass soot. The silica-based glass soot may include at least one dopant species for altering an index of refraction of the preform core portion. A selective diffusion layer of silica-based glass soot may be formed around the preform core portion to form a soot preform. The selective diffusion layer may have an as-formed density greater than the density of the preform core portion. A diffusing species may be diffused through the selective diffusion layer into the preform core portion. The soot preform may be sintered such that the selective diffusion layer has a barrier density which is greater than the as-formed density and the selective diffusion layer prevents diffusion of the at least one dopant species through the selective diffusion layer.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an optical fiber preform or an optical fiber is provided. The method includes the steps of: (a) providing a glass tube and a glass core rod; (b) inserting the glass core rod into the glass tube to form an assembled body; (c) heating the assembled body to cause the glass tube to collapse on and adhere to the glass core rod; and (d) treating an interface gap between the glass core rod and the glass tube during heating of at least a portion of the assembled body. Treating of the interface gap involves: (i) establishing a vacuum pressure in the interface gap, (ii) increasing a pressure of the interface gap by a treatment gas through the interface gap for a predetermined time, and (iii) re-establishing a vacuum pressure in the interface gap after the predetermined time has elapsed.

Abstract: A glass fine particle synthesis burner comprising a glass raw material gas emission path for emitting glass raw material; a ring-shaped combustible gas emission path for emitting combustible gas arranged outside the glass raw material emission path; a ring-shaped combustion aiding gas emission path for emitting combustion aiding gas arranged outside the combustible gas emission path; and small diameter nozzles for emitting the combustion aiding gas within the combustible gas emission path. In a cross section of the glass fine particle synthesis burner formed by cleaving orthogonal to a central axis thereof, when the glass fine particle synthesis burner is divided into two regions by a predetermined straight line passing through a center of the glass fine particle synthesis burner, a total area of the small diameter nozzles in one of the regions is greater than a total area of the small diameter nozzles in the other region.

Abstract: Apparatus for applying traction to an elongate cylindrical element produced by fusion of an end portion of a preform of glass material, in which a traction device is capable of being connected to a portion of the elongate cylindrical element to provide traction of the elongate cylindrical element along an axis. A device for the rotation of the elongate cylindrical element applies a twist to the elongate cylindrical element about the axis simultaneously with the traction.

Abstract: A lock structure including a base and a door portion, a lock mechanism and a locking section, and a first mating element is provided. The door portion is pivotally connected to one end of the base portion by a pivot and is switched between an open and a close status. One of the base portion and the door portion comprises a first opening, the other comprises a first securing element close to the first opening. The lock mechanism and the locking section are disposed at the door and the base portion, respectively, and correspond to each other. The first mating element comprises a first engaging portion selectively connected to or detached from the first opening, wherein the first securing element restricts the first engaging portion from being detached from the first opening when the first engaging portion is located at the first opening and the door portion is closed.

Abstract: A lock system includes a lock, a key and a cover. The lock has a key hole defined therein. The key has a signal projector fixed thereon. The signal projector is capable of emitting a signal with a predetermined code. The cover shelters on the key hole and a signal receiver is fixed on the cover. The signal receiver is configured for receiving the signal emitted by the signal projector, and moved to expose the key hole when determining the signal emitted by the signal projector with a matched code. The present discloser also provides a method for opening the lock system.

Abstract: A door handle arrangement (4) of a motor vehicle has a door handle (5) with a first end (6) pivotably mounted in a door (2) and a second end (7) remote from the first end (6) has an actuation projection (8) that protrudes into the door (2) and actuates a door lock when the door handle (5) is pivoted with its second end (7) away from the door (2). A cover (9) is mounted in the door (2) and adjacent to the second handle end (7). The door handle (5) and the cover (9) have interacting guides (14, 15) for guiding the door handle (5) relative to the cover element (9) when the door handle (5) is pivoted for actuating the door lock.

Abstract: An inhibitor composition contains dicyandiamide as a nitrification inhibitor, alkyl thiophosphoric triamide as a urease inhibitor, or a combination thereof, dissolved in a liquid medium comprising an organic solvent selected from, among others, one or more polar aprotic solvents, amine solvents, heterocyclic alcohol solvents, and mixtures thereof, is useful in making fertilizer compositions and in a method of fertilizing target plants.

Abstract: A rolling system, particularly a cold-rolling system for cold-rolling a metal strip (2): having at least one cold-rolling stand (1) an unwinding device (3) upstream of the cold-rolling stand (1), a unit (10) connected between the unwinding device (3) and the cold-rolling stand (1), including at least three rolls (6, 7, 8) each rotationally driven about a rotational axis (6A, 7A, 8A). Each roll (6, 7, 8) can be adjusted individually or together in the direction of the respective rotational axis (6A, 7A, 8A) and in a direction transverse to the rotational axis (6A, 7A, 8A) by a driving and adjusting device (11).

Abstract: An improved knurling device (20) includes a body (21) having an axis of elongation (x-x), and has a first part (22) and a second part (23). The body first part has axially-spaced front and center plates (24, 25, respectively). The body second part is mounted on the center plate, and is selectively rotatable about the axis relative to the center plate. A plurality of knurl rolls (26, 26, 26) are mounted on the body first part between the front and center plates. An arbor (28) is axially mounted on the body second part, and is biased to move toward the front plate. The end of a rotating workpiece (W) is adapted to be axially inserted through the front plate and moved toward the body second part to accelerate a master pinion (29) to the angular speed of the workpiece, and to roll a knurl pattern on the outer surface of the workpiece as the workpiece is progressively moved toward further toward the body second part.

Abstract: A container for use in a metal extrusion press comprises a mantle having an elongate body comprising an axial bore, an elongate liner accommodated within the axial bore, the liner comprising a longitudinally extending passage through which a billet is advanced, and a fluid channel in thermal communication with the mantle through which a fluid for cooling the container flows.

Abstract: A knockout has a support surface and the support surface has: (i) a first knockout outer diameter capable of supporting the first inner diameter of a container side wall when the knockout is inserted into an opening of the metal container and when the metal container is being necked with a necking die; and (ii) a second knockout outer diameter capable of supporting the second inner diameter of the container side wall when the knockout is inserted into the opening of the metal container and when the metal container is being necked with the necking die, and wherein the first knockout outer diameter is larger than the second knockout outer diameter.

Abstract: Embodiments herein provide processing of sensor signals (e.g., signals representative of a level of an analyte in a body). An electronics assembly may include a sensor contact configured to receive a sensor signal from a sensor assembly, an integrator circuit configured to provide an integrator output signal representative of the sensor signal integrated from a first time to a second time, and a reset circuit configured to reset the integrator output signal in response to a reset signal. The electronics assembly may also include a processor circuit configured to determine a value of the integrator output signal and to provide the reset signal to the reset circuit when an integration interval has elapsed from the first time. The integration interval may be based at least in part on the integrator output signal.

Abstract: An automated calibration device that comprises a tube for trapping a multiphase sample between three ultrasound (US) transducer pairs wherein each of the three transducer pairs is positioned to measure a different fraction of the multiphase sample.

Abstract: In one aspect, an apparatus for estimating a characteristic of a sensor is disclosed that in one embodiment may include a chamber housing sensor, wherein the sensor includes a suspended movable force mass having an opening therethrough, a first partially reflective member that moves with the force mass and a second partially reflective member spaced from the first partially reflective member, a source of buoyant fluid configured to supply the buoyant fluid to the chamber at a plurality of pressures, a device for directing light to the first and second partially reflective members at a plurality of angles, a detector for providing signals corresponding to light passing through the second partially reflective member corresponding to each of the plurality of angles and each of the plurality of pressures, and a processor for determining the characteristic of the sensor from the signals provided by the detector.

Abstract: An angular velocity detection apparatus includes a vibrator that generates a signal that includes an angular velocity component and a vibration leakage component, a driver section that generates the drive signal, and supplies the drive signal to the vibrator, an angular velocity signal generation section that extracts the angular velocity component from the signal generated by the vibrator, and generates an angular velocity signal corresponding to the magnitude of the angular velocity component, a vibration leakage signal generation section that extracts the vibration leakage component from the signal generated by the vibrator, and generates a vibration leakage signal corresponding to the magnitude of the vibration leakage component, and an adder-subtractor section that adds the vibration leakage signal to the angular velocity signal, or subtracts the vibration leakage signal from the angular velocity signal, in a given ratio to correct temperature characteristics of the angular velocity signal.