Abstract: A method of treating a pervasive development disorder in a subject includes administering to the subject an amount of an NMDAR antagonist effective to ameliorate biochemical and functional abnormalities in the subject associated with loss-of-function mutations of the gene encoding methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2).

Abstract: Compositions, formulations, methods, and systems for treating regional fat deposits comprise contacting a targeted fat deposit with a composition comprising long acting beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonist and a compound that reduces desensitization of the target tissue to the long acting beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonist, for example, glucocorticosteroids and/or ketotifen. Embodiments of the composition are administered, for example, by injection, and/or transdermally.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are new oral pharmaceutical compositions of SAMDC inhibitors, polyamine analogs, and polyamine biosynthesis inhibitors, and their application for the treatment of conditions including demyelinating diseases, autoimmune disorders affecting the nervous system, and other neurodegenerative conditions.

Abstract: Methods and compositions which include or include the administration of a hydrophobic drug, prodrug thereof, salt thereof, isoform thereof, or a combination thereof; cyclodextrin, prodrug thereof, salt thereof, or a combination thereof; polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or combination thereof; and optionally, a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods of inhibiting sperm motility. In some embodiments, a method of inhibiting sperm motility includes contacting a sperm with an effective amount of 3BP, thereby inhibiting sperm motility. Also disclosed herein are methods of contraception. In some embodiments, a method of contraception includes administering an effective amount of 3BP to the vagina so that sperm in contact with 3BP change their swimming patterns, which are incompatible with fertilization, thus preventing pregnancy. In one embodiment, a method includes topical application of 3BP to the penis in an amount effective to cause complete loss of motility of ejaculated sperm during sexual intercourse, thereby achieving contraception. In some examples, 3BP is administered as a spermicide in the forms of a jelly (gel), films, sponges, foams and timed-release mesh. In some examples, condoms are coated with 3BP-containing lubricant to achieve contraception.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for preventing or treating infections, especially bacterial infections, by administering selective inhibitors of ATP production to inhibit glycolytic enzymes, such as glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). As such, the present invention further provides methods for preventing or treating inflammation and sepsis associated with infections, as well as increased wound healing and decreased wound scarring.

Abstract: A method of modulating plasma levels of branched chain amino acids and branched chain alpha-keto acids is disclosed, wherein an ammonia scavenger compound or a salt thereof, for example phenylbutyrate or an even numbered congener thereof or a salt thereof, is administered to an individual in need thereof. In various methods, a decrease in plasma levels of branched chain amino acids and branched chain alpha-keto acids is effected to treat individuals suffering from an inborn error in metabolism of amino acids, such as Maple Syrup Urine Disease, for example.

Abstract: mGluR5 antagonists are used for the treatment of autism. The human treated by the methods of the invention can also have fragile X syndrome, epilepsy and anxiety.

Abstract: A compounded transdermal cream for topical administration of a compounded therapy includes a nerve depressant such as gabapentin in an amount between approximately 5% and 15% by weight of the transdermal cream, an NSAID (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug) such as nabumetone in an amount between approximately 5% and approximately 25% by weight of the transdermal cream, a tricyclic antidepressant such as amitriptyline in an amount between approximately 0.5% and approximately 4% by weight of the transdermal cream, a local anesthetic such as lidocaine and prilocaine in an amount between approximately 1% and approximately 7% by weight of the transdermal cream, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).

Abstract: A compounded transdermal cream for the topical administration of a compounded therapy includes a first active agent selected from the group consisting of nabumetone in an amount between approximately 5.0% and approximately 25% by weight of the transdermal cream and amitriptyline in an amount between approximately 0.5% and approximately 4.0% by weight of the transdermal cream; a second active agent comprising a nerve depressant in an amount between approximately 5.0% and 15.0% by weight of the transdermal cream, wherein the nerve depressant is gabapentin; a third active agent comprising a local anesthetic in an amount between approximately 1.0% and approximately 7.0% by weight of the transdermal cream, wherein the local anesthetic comprises lidocaine and prilocaine; and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).

Abstract: A method for reducing muscle damage and/or oxidative stress in active mammals as disclosed. In one embodiment, the mammals are administered a carnitine supplement. The L-carnitine supplement may be administered without any other pharmaceutical or drug products. After physical activity the L-carnitine supplement can lower myoglobin, TBARS, and creatine kinase in the bloodstream.

Abstract: Glycine, threonine, and serine can enhance the sensitivity of bacteria to serum, plasma, or whole blood, and therefore can be used as molecules to improve the bactericidal effect of the serum, the plasma, or the whole blood.

Abstract: Compositions, methods, and kits useful for treating pulmonary conditions are provided herein. Such compositions can contain synergizing amounts of a non-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor, such as a methylxanthine, in combination with leucine and/or a leucine metabolite, and resveratrol.

Abstract: Compositions of L-4-chlorokynurenine are provided, as are methods for the treatment of neurological dysfunction.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical combinations and methods for using such combinations to treat depression are disclosed. In various embodiments (he pharmaceutical combinations include combinations of omega-3 fatty acids, pharmacological sleep agents, and non-pharmacological sleep therapies, and may include other ingredients such as antidepressants. The present invention relates pharmaceutical combinations and methods for their use to treat depression.

Abstract: The present invention generally refers to an active fraction of an extract of the latex of plants from the family Euphorbiaceae in a polar solvent, as well as of one or more compounds contained therein, as well as the use of said fraction and/or said compounds, particularly in the treatment of cancer. The invention also refers to compositions comprising said active fraction and/or said compounds, as well as their use for the treatment of diseases concerning cell proliferation/angiogenesis, particularly cancer.

Abstract: In various embodiments, the present invention provides methods of treating and/or preventing cardiovascular-related disease and, in particular, a method of blood lipid therapy comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a pharmaceutical composition comprising eicosapentaenoic acid or a derivative thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of drug abuse. More specifically, the present invention provides methods and compositions for treating drug abuse by preventing GAPDH nitrosylation. In one specific embodiment, a method for preventing the stimulant and neurotoxic effects of cocaine comprises the step of administering a compound that prevents the nitrosylation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) by nitric oxide (NO). In another embodiment, a method for preventing the stimulant and neurotoxic effects of cocaine comprises the step of administering a compound that prevents the binding of GAPDH to Siah.

Abstract: Provided is a method for preparing a poorly water-soluble drug-containing polymeric micellar nanoparticle composition, which includes: dissolving a poorly water-soluble drug, a salt of polylactic acid or polylactic acid derivative, whose carboxylic acid end is bound to an alkali metal ion, and an amphiphilic block copolymer into an organic solvent; and adding an aqueous solution to the resultant mixture in the organic solvent to form micelles, wherein the method requires no separate operation to remove the organic solvent prior to the formation of micelles. The method for preparing a poorly water-soluble drug-containing polymeric micellar nanoparticle composition is simple, reduces the processing time, and is amenable to mass production.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a liposomal preparation for the manufacture of a pharmaceutical composition and the use of such a composition for the treatment of “triple receptor negative” breast cancer.

Abstract: The present invention provides for compositions, medicaments, and methods for treating or alleviating the symptoms of dry eye syndrome or chronic dry eye. More specifically, the present embodiments provide for medicaments consisting of tocopherol or tocotrienol eyedrops. A single topical administration of tocopherol or tocotrienol eyedrops in the eyes of a subject suffering from dry eye alleviates symptoms for at least one day. In particular, the eyedrop medicament consists of ?-tocopheryl acetate; ?-tocopheryl acetate and about 0.5% aqueous component; or ?-tocopheryl acetate, about 2.5% tocopherol emulsifier, and about 20% to about 30% aqueous excipient.

Abstract: A nutritional supplement is provided comprising alpha-lipoic acid and curcumin. The nutritional supplement may be used for reducing weight or reducing weight gain, for reducing fat or reducing fat gain, for reducing loss in lean mass or maintaining lean mass, or for reducing loss of appetite or for maintaining appetite.

Abstract: The present invention provides stabilized cream formulations of oxymetazoline and uses thereof. The present invention also provides a method of treating facial erythema associated with rosacea in a patient in need of such treatment, comprising topically administering once or twice daily to the site of erythema on the face of the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising 0.5%, 1.0% or 1.5% oxymetazoline or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as the sole active ingredient.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions are provided that are useful in treating diabetes. The compositions comprise a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and an effective therapeutic or prophylactic amount of a nitroxide antioxidant that alters the expression of genes related to diabetes. Methods are also provided for the use of the pharmaceutical compositions in the treatment or prevention of diabetes. In a preferred embodiment, the nitroxide antioxidant is Tempol (4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl).

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to compositions and pharmaceutical formulations comprising at least one active pharmaceutical ingredient chosen from nitrocatechol derivatives of formula I as defined herein and salts, esters, hydrates, solvates and derivatives thereof and methods of making said compositions and pharmaceutical formulations.

Abstract: A compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof, having a structure of: wherein A, B and D are each oxygen or sulfur, provided that least one of A, B and D is sulfur; and R1-R8 are each independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, acyl, substituted acyl, acyloxy, substituted acyloxy, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, aryl, substituted aryl, amino, substituted amino, halogen, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, or a thio-containing group.

Abstract: Methods of inhibiting release of a proinflammatory cytokine from a macrophage are provided. The methods comprise treating the macrophage with a cholinergic agonist in an amount sufficient to decrease the amount of the proinflammatory cytokine that is released from the macrophage, wherein the cholinergic agonist is selective for an ?7 nicotinic receptor. Methods for inhibiting an inflammatory cytokine cascade in a patient are also provided. The methods comprise treating the patient with a cholinergic agonist in an amount sufficient to inhibit the inflammatory cytokine cascade, wherein the cholinergic agonist is selective for an ?7 nicotinic receptor. Methods for determining whether a compound is a cholinergic agonist reactive with an ?7 nicotinic receptor are also provided. The methods comprise determining whether the compound inhibits release of a proinflammatory cytokine from a mammalian cell.

Abstract: Inhibitors of retroviral propagation, methods of treatment and prevention of retroviral infections using the inhibitors, and pharmaceutical compositions including the inhibitors, are disclosed.

Abstract: To provide a pharmaceutical, in particular a compound which can be used as a therapeutic agent for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). It was found that a tetrahydroisoquinolin-1-one derivative having an amide group at the 4-position or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof has an excellent bombesin 2 (BB2) receptor antagonistic action. It is also found that the tetrahydroisoquinolin-1-one derivative is highly effective on bowel movement disorders. From the above, the tetrahydroisoquinolin-1-one derivative of the present invention is useful as a therapeutic agent for diseases associated with a BB2 receptor, in particular IBS.

Abstract: This application provides for a method of treating a human patient afflicted with anti-TNF? refractory Crohn's disease, of treating a human patient afflicted with non-fibrostenotic Crohn's disease, and of treating a human patient whose Crohn's disease had not been surgically treated, the method comprising periodically administering to the patient an amount of laquinimod or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof effective to treat the patient. This application also provides for a method of inducing or maintaining clinical remission in a human patient afflicted with Crohn's disease comprising periodically administering to the patient an amount of laquinimod effective to induce or maintain clinical remission in the patient, which amount of laquinimod is less than 0.5 mg/day.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for treating pruritus with anti-pruritic compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to a sterile hydromorphone hydrochloride solution that is substantially free of buffer.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds and pharmaceutical compositions useful in combination with tetracyclines in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens, with particular efficacy in tetracycline resistant strains. These compounds specifically bind to TetR and therefore prevent the transcriptional activation of tet resistance genes. The compounds have a potentiating effect on the activity of members of the tetracycline family, in particular of tetracycline, minocycline, doxycycline and tigecycline, in the treatment of tetracycline susceptible, intermediate and tetracycline resistant pathogens.

Abstract: Although it is known that certain benzylpiperazine-aminopyridines or open chain forms thereof are effective in stimulating neural growth in in vitro tests, it has now been surprisingly found that administering these compounds in a dosage range of 10 mg/day-130 mg/day over 25-35 days is effective in treating Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) such that statistically significant results can be obtained with samples of only six subjects.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compounds which are inhibitors of the dipeptidyl peptidase-IV enzyme (“DP-IV inhibitors”) and which are useful in the treatment or prevention of diseases in which the dipeptidyl peptidase-IV enzyme is involved, such as diabetes and particularly type 2 diabetes. The invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and the use of these compounds and compositions in the prevention or treatment of such diseases in which the dipeptidyl peptidase-IV enzyme is involved.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors for the treatment of cancers overexpressing the large ribosomal subunit protein 24 (RPL24) in a subject in need thereof. Provided herein are methods for treating RPL24-overexpressing cancers in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of an HDAC inhibitor. Also provided herein are methods for inhibiting the viability of an RPL24-overexpressing cancer cell with an HDAC inhibitor. Also provided herein are methods for assessing the efficacy of an HDAC inhibitor against a cancer.

Abstract: High drug load pharmaceutical compositions and production methods thereof are provided. The pharmaceutical composition includes at least one viscous active pharmaceutical ingredient or a pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The at least one viscous active pharmaceutical ingredient accounts for at least 60% by weight of the total solid weight of the pharmaceutical composition. The saturated solution of the at least one viscous active pharmaceutical ingredient has a viscosity of at least 20 centipoises at 25° C. Alternatively, the aqueous solution of the at least one viscous active pharmaceutical ingredient with a concentration lower than 55 wt % has at least a viscosity of at least 10 centipoises at 25° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to quinazolinone compounds, processes for their preparation and their use as pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD).

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of treating cancer in a patient by administering a compound useful as an inhibitor of ATR protein kinase in combination with a compound useful as an inhibitor of Chk1 protein kinase. The aforementioned combination displays a surprising synergistic effect in treating cancer despite the targeted protein kinases being within the same biological pathway. Moreover, the present invention also relates to methods of treating cancer by administering a compound useful as an inhibitor of ATR protein kinase; administering a compound useful as an inhibitor of Chk1 protein kinase; as well as administering a DNA damaging agent to a patient. The compounds utilized in this invention are represented by formula I and formula II: wherein the variables are as defined herein.

Abstract: A method for inhibiting a liver disease is provided. The method includes administering a pharmaceutical composition of one of a piperazine analogue and a piperazine analogue complex to a warm-blooded animal suffering from the liver disease.

Abstract: The present invention relates to preventing and treating leukemia and diseases and disorders of the blood, by inhibiting canonical Wnt signaling in the osteoblasts. The inhibition is accomplished by blocking specific molecules and receptors in the pathway. The present invention also relates to a method of diagnosing leukemia and disorders of the blood, and methods and assay for drug screening and basic research.

Abstract: Controlled-release preparations of oxcarbazepine and derivatives thereof for once-a-day administration are disclosed. The inventive compositions comprise solubility-and/or release enhancing agents to provide tailored drug release profiles, preferably sigmoidal release profiles. Methods of treatment comprising the inventive compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions, such as bimatoprost, latanoprost and travoprost, and methods to reduce fat in the body of an individual, for example, by topical administration, injection, and/or implantation of such compositions.

Abstract: The present invention for the treatment of endometriosis relates to providing a parenteral dosage form (delivery system) for the controlled release of an aromatase inhibitor (AI) in a daily release rate that does not induce stimulation of the ovaries by negative feed-back of the pituitary-ovarian-axis (which would cause secretion of gonadotropins and stimulation of ovarian follicular growth) and a gestagen in a daily release rate below the ovulation inhibition dose that provides contraceptive efficacy based on local effects (e.g. reducing and thickening of the cervical mucus impairing sperm ascension, effects on the endometrium and on tubal motility impairing implantation and egg transport).

Abstract: This document provides methods and materials involved in reducing suppression of immune function in mammals. For example, methods and materials for (a) identifying a mammal as having an elevated level of CD14+/DR? cells (e.g., CD14+/DR? monocytes) and (b) administering RU486 (mifepristone; or drugs with a similar functional profile) to the identified mammal under conditions that change the ratio of CD14+/HLA-DR? cells to CD14+/HLA-DR+ cells as well as methods and materials for (a) identifying a mammal as being likely to experience an elevated level of CD14+/DR? cells (e.g., CD14+/DR? monocytes) and (b) administering RU486 (mifepristone; or drugs with a similar functional profile) to the identified mammal under conditions that reduce the degree to which the mammal develops CD14+/DR? cells are provided.

Abstract: An extended-release drug delivery composition and method of administering the same is provided. The composition comprises microspheres loaded with a biologically-active agent and suspended in a soluble polymer capable of forming a film upon injection onto a biological surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I): wherein R is hydrogen or alpha-hydroxy, the hydroxyl group in position 7 is in the alpha or beta position; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates or amino acid conjugates thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing a phytosterol ester and/or a phytostanol ester comprising: a) admixing a phospholipid composition comprising at least between about 10% to about 70% plant phospholipid and at least about 5% water; a lipid acyltransferase; and a phytosterol and/or a phytostanol; and b) separating or isolating or purifying at least one phytosterol ester and/or phytostanol ester from said admixture. The present invention also relates to compositions comprising the phytosterol ester and/or phytostanol ester produced by this method, including foodstuffs and personal care product (cosmetic) compositions.

Abstract: A composition comprising vitamin A, vitamin D and vitamin K2 (K2-MK-7) is provided. Advantageously, vitamin A is present in an amount of 1,000 IU to 10,000 IU, vitamin D is present in an amount of 400 IU to 10,000 IU and vitamin K2 is present in an amount of 45 ?g to 1,000 ?g. In one advantageous form, vitamin A is retinol or an ester form thereof a method for limiting the accumulation of calcium and a method for limiting the occurrence of cardiovascular disease or events is provided by administering an effective amount of the present composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the discovery that acetylsalicylic acid (ASA or aspirin), salicylic acid (SA) and related salicylate esters and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, when coadministered in effective amounts with a drug or other bioactive agent which typically (in the absence of the salicylate compound) produces significant hepatotoxicity as a secondary indication, will substantially reduce or even eliminate such hepatotoxicity. Favorable therapeutic intervention results from the use of the present invention having the effect of reducing hepatotoxicity associated with the administration of certain drugs and other bioactive agents and in certain instances of allowing the administration of higher doses of a compound which, without the coadministration, would produce hepatotoxicity which limits or even negates the therapeutic value of the compound.