Abstract: An apparatus and method for detecting functional cellular activity within a volume of a tissue. The method includes inserting a three-dimensional array of optical emitters and optical detectors into a volume of a tissue, where the tissue volume includes one or more cells labeled with an optical reporter of cellular activity; illuminating the one or more cells with photons from the optical emitters of the three-dimensional array to generate optical signals from the optical reporter that labels the one or more cells; and detecting the optical signals using the optical detectors of the three-dimensional array, where the illumination includes one-photon excitation of the optical reporter.

Abstract: A noninvasive method for measuring biological materials which is configured to enable an immediate diagnosis is used in an analytical absorption spectroscopy apparatus including a broadly tunable infrared laser oscillation device, a photodetection device, and an analysis device. The method applies an infrared ray to an analyte organism while tuning the wavelength from the laser oscillation device with or without the ray going through a nonlinear optical device. The photodetection device detects a reflected beam, a transmitted beam, or a scattering beam from the organism or ultrasound generated within the organism by using the detection device. The analysis device analyzes a signal input by the photodetection device.

Abstract: Provided are a physiological signal analysis device and method to detect and analyze physiological information of a subject. The physiological signal analysis device includes a memory device configure to store a wrinkle pattern at a measurement position of a subject as a reference position; a sensor configured to sense the reference position and a physiological signal of the subject at the reference position in response to the stored reference position being within a range of the sensor; and a signal processor configured to process the physiological signal sensed the sensor.

Abstract: A monitoring system (10) includes at least one video camera (14), a motion unit (40), and a segmentation unit (42). The at least one video camera (14) is configured to continuously receive video of a subject in normal and darkened room conditions. The motion unit (40) identifies clusters of motion of the subject based on respiratory and body part motion in the received video of the subject. The segmentation unit (42) segments body parts of the subject based on the identified clusters of subject motion.

Abstract: A photoacoustic device comprises a light irradiation unit configured to irradiate a subject with light; an acoustic wave detector configured to detect an acoustic wave generated inside the subject and convert the detected acoustic wave into an electric signal; a first photodetector configured to acquire information relating to an intensity of light that has propagated inside the subject and leaked to the outside of the subject; an information acquisition unit configured to acquire information on an interior of the subject on the basis of the electric signal; and a control unit configured to control the light with which the subject is irradiated on the basis of the information relating to the intensity of light which has been acquired by the first photodetector.

Abstract: An object information acquiring apparatus includes: a light source that generates a first light beam; a receiving unit that includes an irradiating unit emitting the first light beam so as to be directed to a predetermined optical focusing region and an acoustic wave detecting unit detecting a first acoustic wave generated when the first light beam is emitted to an object; a scanning unit that performs relative movement between the object and the receiving unit so that the receiving unit follows a concave or convex shape of a surface of the object while the first light beam is emitted and the first acoustic wave is detected; and an acquiring unit that acquires characteristics information on the optical focusing region of the object based on a detection result obtained by the acoustic wave detecting unit.

Abstract: A photoacoustic apparatus according to the present invention includes an electrical stimulation unit configured to apply a voltage to a subject while light irradiation is being performed a plurality of times, and a processing unit configured to acquire, among a plurality of signals, subject information using at least part of signals corresponding to photoacoustic waves generated in a period from an extraction start timing determined in accordance with an application start timing of the voltage to when a first time period starting from the application start timing and ending at an application end timing of the voltage passes, while not using a signal corresponding to a photoacoustic wave generated outside the period from the extraction start timing to when the first time period passes.

Abstract: A photoacoustic apparatus according to the present invention includes an electrical stimulation unit configured to apply a voltage to a subject, and a processing unit configured to set a light irradiation timing such that the subject is irradiated with pulsed light at least once in a period from an irradiation start timing determined in accordance with an application start timing of the voltage to when a first time period starting from the application start timing and ending at an application end timing of the voltage passes, and to set the light irradiation timing such that the subject is not irradiated with pulsed light outside the period from the irradiation start timing to when the first time period passes.

Abstract: A signal processing method for a plurality of reception signals, wherein a plurality of reception elements are each configured to receive acoustic waves and output a reception signal at a plurality of sampling times, includes generating a representative value signal from the plurality of reception signals, except for reception signals having amplitudes that are larger than a threshold value among the plurality of reception signals at each sampling time, generating a plurality of differential signals indicating differences between the plurality of reception signals obtained at each sampling time and the representative value signal, and generating image data using the plurality of differential signals.

Abstract: A subject information acquiring apparatus includes a light source configured to radiate optical pulses coded by a predetermined number of pulse streams to a subject, a probe having a converting element configured to receive photoacoustic waves occurring from the subject, and configured to convert the received photoacoustic waves to electrical signals, and an information acquiring unit configured to decode a predetermined number of signals of the electrical signals output from the converting element and acquire characteristic information on the subject based on the decoded electrical signals, wherein the relative positions of the converting element included in the probe and the subject are changed before the radiation of the predetermined number of optical pulse streams completes, and the electrical signals to be decoded are partially redundant before and after the change of the relative positions of the converting element and the subject.

Abstract: A subject information acquisition apparatus includes receiving units that are arranged along an arc shape and configured to receive a photoacoustic wave generated in a subject in response to light from a light source and convert the photoacoustic wave into a time-series electric signal, a driving unit configured to scan the receiving units, and a processing unit configured to acquire information about an inside of the subject. The light source emits light at a certain timing. The receiving unit receives a photoacoustic wave at a correspondent timing synchronized with light emission. The driving unit causes the receiving unit to perform scanning to allow the receiving unit to receive the photoacoustic wave in a predetermined region in synchronization with the correspondent timing. The processing unit acquires the information based on positional coordinates in the region and a signal resulting from summation of time-series electric signals corresponding to the correspondent timing.

Abstract: A photoacoustic imaging method that enables photoacoustic images to be displayed at high speed is provided. The photoacoustic imaging method scans a subject with a light beam, detects acoustic waves generated within the subject due to the scanning of light to obtain acoustic wave detected signals, and generates volume data that represent three dimensional photoacoustic images of the subject based on the acoustic wave detected signals. Photoacoustic projection images projected in the direction of irradiation depth of the light are generated, prior to the volume data being generated and concurrently with the scanning of the light. The photoacoustic projection images are displayed.

Abstract: A temperature probe includes a handle and a shaft extending from the handle. The shaft includes a distal end, a proximal end, and a tip at the distal end. The temperature probe also includes a capacitance sensor disposed on one of the handle and the shaft, the capacitance sensor configured to measure a change in capacitance when positioned proximate a conductor. The temperature probe further includes a temperature sensor disposed on the shaft, the temperature sensor configured to measure a body cavity temperature of a patient.

Abstract: Exemplary of the present disclosure can include an apparatus for generating thermal imaging information of a biological structure(s), including detector arrangement(s) which can be configured to receive and detect light radiation(s), a determination arrangement(s) which can be configured to determine a position or an orientation of the detector arrangement(s) with respect to the biological structure(s) to generate data, and a computer arrangement configured to generate the thermal imaging information based on the radiation and the data when the detector arrangement(s) is moved. The thermal imaging information can include a 2-dimension temperature map(s) of a portion(s) of the biological structure(s).

Abstract: An external defibrillator system is provided. The system includes: graphical display; one or more sensors for obtaining CO2 data for a patient over a time interval; one or more sensors for obtaining information about a patient's heart activity over the time interval; and a controller. The controller can be configured to: determine a CO2 waveform over the time interval from the obtained CO2 data; determine a filtered electrocardiogram trace from the obtained information about the patient's heart activity; and display on the graphical display the CO2 waveform and the filtered electrocardiogram trace. A method for monitoring patient activity using an external defibrillator is also provided.

Abstract: An activity monitoring device, methods and computer readable media are provided. The activity monitoring device includes a housing configured for attachment to a body part of a user and a display screen attached to the housing. Further included is a first sensor disposed in the housing for capturing motion of the activity monitoring device when attached to the body part of the user and a second sensor disposed in the housing for sampling a heart rate of the user. Memory is disposed in the housing for storing the motion captured by the first sensor and the heart rate sampled by the second sensor. A processor is disposed in the housing and is configured to determine a physical state of the user during a period of time. For motion that is below a threshold the processor identifies the physical state to be a sedentary state and for motion that is at or above the threshold the processor identifies the physical state to be an active state.

Abstract: A method for determining an arteriovascular condition of a subject having an arterial blood flow is shown. The method involves determining a temporal progression of an instantaneous blood flow condition of the arterial blood flow as well as deriving a slew rate of the temporal progression during an increase of the temporal progression. In addition, an arteriovascular condition indicator device is shown, which comprises: an input for receiving an input signal representing an instantaneous arterial blood flow condition of a subject and a slew rate monitor connected to the input. A corresponding control device for providing an activation signal is also shown. The control device comprises a maximum detector connected to the slew rate monitor. A method for stimulation of arteriogenesis is also shown, wherein a temporal progression of an instantaneous blood flow condition is monitored, a slew rate of the temporal progression is derived, and the maximum of the slew rate is determined.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for characterizing a region of interest (ROI) including measuring position and orientation data within the ROI; and generating a geometric data set to include one or more of: length, bifurcation location, angle and curvature characteristics of the ROI. Also, sequentially taking an image of a tool within the ROI; comparing tool dimensions with ROI dimensions; and estimating diameter, length, take-off angle, and/or tortuosity characteristics based on the comparisons.

Abstract: We describe a medical device, in embodiments a battlefield triage device, configured to be attached to and carried by a person. The device comprises a sensor module to attach to a person's face. The module having a respiratory sensing region comprising an air temperature sensor and a humidity sensor arranged such that, when the module is attached, airflow in and out of the person's lungs flows over said respiratory sensing region. The device also includes a signal processing system, coupled to the sensor module, to process and combine signals from the temperature sensor and from the humidity sensor to determine a respiration rate for the person and a system to output data indicating the respiration rate. The sensor is arranged to attach to/over the person's nose and/or mouth such that airflow in and out of the person's lungs, in particular, via the nostrils flows over the respiratory sensing region.

Abstract: It is described a system and a method for respiratory activity analysis comprising the use of Respiratory Inductance Plethysmography (RIP). In particular, a wearable system for extracting physiological parameters of a person by measuring at least one plethysmographic signal is disclosed. The system comprises: a wearable garment fitting a body part of the person; at least one wire supported by or embedded into the garment, each wire forming a loop around the body part when the person wears the garment for measuring a plethysmographic signal; and an electronic device supported by or fixed on the garment and including a Colpitts oscillator connected to each wire loop, wherein the Colpitts oscillator has an optimal frequency band from 1 MHz to 15 MHz for extracting the plethysmographic signal measured by each wire, the electronic device converting analog information measured by the Colpitts oscillator into digital analyzable information.

Abstract: The application relates to an apparatus and a method for estimating a central systolic blood pressure (cSBP) of a subject, in which a peripheral blood pressure waveform of the subject's pulse and at least two peripheral blood pressure measurements within the cardiac cycle of the subject are determined and the peripheral blood pressure waveform is manipulated with a transfer function to provide an estimate of the central blood pressure waveform of the subject's pulse. The at least two peripheral blood pressure measurements within the cardiac cycle of the subject and the peripheral blood pressure waveform of the subject's pulse are determined at substantially the same point on a peripheral artery of the subject. The estimate of the central blood pressure waveform of the subject's pulse provides an estimate of the central systolic blood pressure of the subject.

Abstract: The present invention provides a sphygmomanometer system, including a measurement device pressed against a predetermined part to be measured so that the part to be measured is held down, and a blood pressure measurement device to measure blood pressure based on information from the measurement device. The measurement device includes an average blood pressure detection unit to obtain information on pressure applied to the measurement device, and a blood pressure change amount detection unit to detect a minute change of the part to be measured when the blood pressure change amount detection unit contacts with the part to be measured. The processor of the blood pressure measurement device calculates the average blood pressure, the highest blood pressure, and the lowest blood pressure based on information on pressure obtained from the blood pressure change amount detection unit and the average blood pressure detection unit.

Abstract: There are provided an apparatus and a method for measuring pulse waves. The pulse wave measuring apparatus includes a receiver configured to receive pulse wave signals sensed at at least two points of an object; an analog signal processor configured to amplify a voltage difference between two pulse wave signals from among the received pulse wave signals and integrate the amplified voltage difference; and a digital signal processor configured to analog to digital convert a value of the integrated amplified voltage difference and obtain, from the converted value, a pulse transit time between the two points corresponding to the two pulse wave signals.

Abstract: A measurement apparatus and method for measuring a vital sign of a subject are provided. A plurality of frames showing a subject is captured. A region of interest (ROI) on the subject is detected. A vital-sign signal is generated according to the sensing signals related to the ROI. A quality index of the vital-sign signal is evaluated. Whether the subject is a living body is determined according to the quality index. A determination result of determining whether the subject is the living body is used to control a heart-rate measurement operation.

Abstract: A biosignal processing method involves estimating a baseline of a detected biosignal based on a comparison between the detected biosignal and a set value, and controlling a processing logic of the detected biosignal based on the estimated baseline.

Abstract: Systems and methods for tracking dynamic structure in physiological data are provided. In some aspects, the method includes providing physiological data, including electroencephalogram (“EEG”) data, acquired from a subject and assembling a time-frequency representation of signals from the physiological data. The method also includes generating a dynamic model of at least one non-stationary spectral feature, such as at least one non-stationary spectral peak, using the time-frequency representation and a user indication, and applying a dynamic model of at least one non-stationary spectral feature in a parameter estimation algorithm to compute concurrent estimates of spectral parameters describing the at least one non-stationary spectral feature. The method also includes tracking the spectral parameters of the at least one spectral feature over time.

Abstract: A method for efficiently encoding and compressing ECG data optimized for use in an ambulatory electrocardiography monitor is provided. ECG data is first encoded and compressed in a lossy process and further encoded and compressed in a lossless process. A compression ratio significantly higher than other Holter-type monitors is achieved. Requirements for storage space and power cell consumption are reduced, contributing to the long-term availability of the monitor.

Abstract: A photoacoustic apparatus includes a light irradiation unit configured to irradiate a subject with pulsed light a plurality of times, a reception unit configured to receive photoacoustic waves generated by the plurality of times of irradiation of the subject with the pulsed light from the light irradiation unit, and output a plurality of signals corresponding to the plurality of times of light irradiation, a blood information acquisition unit configured to acquire information on an amount of blood of the subject, and a subject information acquisition unit configured to acquire subject information of a target region in the subject based on the plurality of signals, wherein the subject information acquisition unit acquires the subject information based on a plurality of signals acquired in a common period in each of repeated cycles of fluctuation of the amount of blood.

Abstract: A photoacoustic apparatus sets a light irradiation timing such that a subject is irradiated with pulsed light at least once within a period extending from a start timing determined on the basis of a generation timing of an R-wave in an electrocardiogram signal to a point at which a first time extending from the generation timing of the R-wave in the electrocardiogram signal to a generation timing of a T-wave in the electrocardiogram signal elapses, and sets the light irradiation timing such that the subject is not irradiated with the pulsed light in a period outside the period extending from the start timing to a point at which the first time elapses.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electronic device for measuring EEG signal or electronic stimulation, including: electrode modules, attached to each different position of the head of the subject, measuring an EEG signal from the head or applying current to the head, each of which is including microelectrodes forming an electrode array; a control module controlling each of the electrode modules for measuring an EEG signal from the subject's head or applying current thereto; an EEG signal processing module processing an EEG signal detected by the electrode modules; and an electric stimulation module providing the electrode modules with a current for electric stimulation, wherein the control module controls each electrode module for measuring an EEG signal from the subject's head or applying current thereto by connecting each electrode module with the EEG signal processing module or with the electric stimulation module.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to methods, systems and probe devices for detecting EMG activity. In some embodiments, such methods, systems and devices are used in aiding the diagnosis of Obstruction Sleep Apnea (OSA). In some embodiments, a probe is provided and comprises an elongated member configured with a size and shape for placement adjacent at least one of the soft palate and pharyngeal wall of the patient after insertion of the probe into the patient. The probe may also include at least one sensor configured to sense at least EMG activity of muscle layers of at least one of the soft palate and pharyngeal wall and output sensor signals corresponding thereto. The signals may be monitored for EMG activity, and based on such activity, in some embodiments, a determination of whether the sensor signals of the detected EMG activity correspond to spontaneous EMG activity and/or abnormal motor unit potentials (MUPs).

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for characterization of body tissue are disclosed in which bioimpedance across a tissue region of interest is determined. A first electrical signal is applied between an inner pair of current electrodes (B,C) and one or more voltages are measured between an outer pair of sensing electrodes (A,D) and/or between one of the outer pair of sensing electrodes (A,D) and one of the inner pair of current electrodes (B,C). In some embodiments, the methods and apparatuses provide for characterization of electrode-to-tissue contact.

Abstract: Disclosed is a breath quality analysis device having a housing, a sensor, and a mouthpiece. The housing includes an inlet opening, one or more outlet openings, and an inner cavity. The inner cavity defines a path between the inlet opening and the one or more outlet openings. The sensor is disposed inside the inner cavity of the housing. The mouthpiece is coupled to the inlet opening of the housing and includes a blower configured to draw air into the inner cavity of the housing.

Abstract: Systems and methods provide for assessing the heart failure status of a patient and, more particularly, to generating a trend parameter based on a distribution of the patient's respiration rate. Systems and methods provide for detecting, using an implantable device or a patient-external device, patient respiration and computing a respiration rate based on the detected patient respiration. A distribution of the respiration rate is calculated, and a trend parameter based on the respiration rate distribution is generated. The trend parameter is indicative of a patient's heart failure status. An output signal indicative of the patient's heart failure status may be generated based on the trend parameter.

Abstract: Provided are medical monitoring systems, devices and methods of using the same, for estimating and providing information regarding EtCO2, PaCO2, gradient there between and trends thereof.

Abstract: A method for determining at least one instantaneous pulmonary measurement. The method comprises providing a plurality of instantaneous mechanical pulmonary properties of a user in at least one identified respiratory instant during at least one respiration cycle, correlating between the plurality of instantaneous mechanical pulmonary properties, and determining at least one instantaneous pulmonary measurement in at least one identified respiratory instant according to the correlation during the at least one respiration cycle.

Abstract: A load determination method that determines, based on a load acting on a leg part of a user that is detected, whether the leg part is in a loaded state, which is a ground-contact state, or an unloaded state, which is an idling leg state, in which the load determination method determines that the leg part is in the loaded state instead of determining that the leg part is in the unloaded state even when the load acting on the leg part of the user that is detected becomes smaller than a threshold at which it is determined that the state of the leg part has been switched from the loaded state to the unloaded state within a predetermined period after it is determined that the state of the leg part has been switched from the unloaded state to the loaded state.

Abstract: The occurrence of trunk muscle contraction associated with body movement and the like is accurately and timely detected using pulse data. A trunk muscle contraction detection apparatus includes a change-component acquisition unit that extracts change-component data representing a change component of pulse-interval data, the change component regarding pulse intervals, a vibration-component removing unit that generates vibration-component removal data by removing, from the change-component data, a vibration component corresponding to periodic vibrations in the pulse-interval data, and a variation-component extraction unit that extracts a certain variation component from the vibration-component removal data, and determines the occurrence of trunk muscle contraction in accordance with the certain variation component, which has been extracted.

Abstract: A measurement system and method for operating a measurement system is disclosed for an analyte determination. The system includes an analysis unit, which is configured to determine a measured analyte value for a body fluid specimen that is applied, a fingerprint sensor, which is configured to detect fingerprint sensor signals for one or various users, and a control unit, which is connected to the analysis unit and the fingerprint sensor unit for data transmission. The control unit is configured to perform a user identification using the detected fingerprint sensor signals and after successful user identification to enable a determination of a measured analyte value with the analysis unit for an identified user. The control unit is additionally configured to analyze the detected fingerprint sensor signals and optionally additional detected fingerprint sensor signals in addition to the user identification in order to provide control signals for performing additional measurement system functions.

Abstract: A noninvasive analyzer apparatus and method of use thereof is described comprising a near-infrared source, a detector, and a photon transport system configured to direct photons from the source to the detector via an analyzer-sample optical interface. The photon transport system includes a dynamically position light directing unit used to, within a measurement time period for a single analyte concentration determination, change any of: radius, energy, intensity, position, incident angle, solid angle, and/or depth of penetration of a beam of photons entering skin of a subject.

Abstract: Provided is an optical measurement device which can measure the balance between the oxygen utilization and the oxygen supply in the metabolism of a test subject. An optical measurement device 20 includes a photodetector 22 which measures the amount of a plurality of biological substances contained in a test subject 31 by receiving incidence light R1 and R2 from the test subject 31, and a processing portion 23 which functions as an activation degree calculation portion calculating an activation degree of at least two metabolic pathways among energy metabolism, nucleic acid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, or lipid metabolism based on the amount of the plurality of biological substances detected by the photodetector 22.

Abstract: An analyte monitor includes a sensor, a sensor control unit, and a display unit. The sensor has, for example, a substrate, a recessed channel formed in the substrate, and conductive material disposed in the recessed channel to form a working electrode. The sensor control unit typically has a housing adapted for placement on skin and is adapted to receive a portion of an electrochemical sensor. The sensor control unit also includes two or more conductive contacts disposed on the housing and configured for coupling to two or more contact pads on the sensor. A transmitter is disposed in the housing and coupled to the plurality of conductive contacts for transmitting data obtained using the sensor. The display unit has a receiver for receiving data transmitted by the transmitter of the sensor control unit and a display coupled to the receiver for displaying an indication of a level of an analyte.

Abstract: Methods, devices, and kits are provided for mitigating single point failure of at least one device in an analyte monitoring system.

Abstract: Methods and devices to detect analyte in body fluid are provided. Embodiments include positioning an analyte sensor in fluid contact with an analyte, detecting an attenuation in a signal from an analyte sensor after positioning during a predetermined time period, categorizing the detected attenuation in the analyte sensor signal based, at least in part, on one or more characteristics of the signal, performing signal processing to generate a reportable data associated with the detected analyte sensor signal during the predetermined time period, managing if and when to request additional reference signal measurements, and managing if and when to temporarily not display results.

Abstract: A biological information measuring device controls a measuring operation of a measuring section for measuring biological information to be suspended during the time when a battery section is charged by a charging power supply section in a noncontact manner. A biological information measuring method using a biological information measuring device allows one of a measuring step of measuring biological information and a charging step of performing charging of electric power in a noncontact manner to be selectively executed.

Abstract: A biological information measuring device includes a first holding section containing a first measuring portion that is a portion of a measuring section for measuring biological information, a second holding section containing a second measuring portion that is another portion of the measuring section, a communication section having a communication chamber allowing the first holding section to communicate with the second holding section, and a connecting portion placed in the communication chamber to electrically connect the first measuring portion with the second measuring portion.

Abstract: A sensor (1) for detection of gas, in particular for detection of CO2. The sensor (1) has a contact face (2) which can be directed towards a measuring site. The sensor (1) includes at least one radiation source (3), a measurement volume (4) for receiving the gas to be measured, and at least a first detector (5) for detection of radiation transmitted from the source (3) to the first detector (5) through the measurement volume (4). The sensor has a path (6) of the radiation between radiation source (3) and first detector (5). The radiation propagates along the path in a non-imaging way.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a blood sampling device including a thermo-conductive member configured to cool and heat a skin target area, a piercing system, including a piercing element configured to pierce the skin target area, and a piercing mechanism for extending and retracting the skin piercing element. There is further disclosed a blood sampling system including a blood sampling device and a blood test meter. A method for blood sampling and a method for blood monitoring are provided.

Abstract: Devices and processes for maintaining a narrow body lumen are described. One embodiment of the inventive device includes: (i) a hydraulic propulsion mechanism for propelling an imaging portion or a therapeutic portion through the narrow body lumen; and (ii) a retrieval mechanism for retrieving the imaging portion or the therapeutic portion from the narrow body lumen.

Abstract: Systems and methods for monitoring sleep are disclosed. According to an aspect, a method includes emitting light into tissue. The method also includes detecting light backscattered from the tissue. Further, the method includes determining a sleep pattern based on the backscattered light.