Abstract: Embodiments provide methods and apparatus for manufacturing a microtablet from a precursor material such as a pharmaceutical powder. Various embodiments provide a method which includes compressing the powder to form a compressed mass of a selected density and repeatedly compacting the compressed mass to increase the density of the compressed mass and form a microtablet. Related methods and apparatus are provided.

Abstract: The present invention generally pertains to a single ram baler for baling recycled material. More specifically, the single ram baler of the present invention comprises a ram operable to move between a retracted position for receiving the recycled material and a tying position for allowing the compacted material to slightly expand before wiring the same.

Abstract: High-compression balers and methods for forming bales are disclosed. An exemplary baler (10) comprises a baling chamber (26) configured to receive the material. The baling chamber is formed by a pair of end plates (30a, 30b) defining the longitudinal ends of the baling chamber, and a driven endless belt (28) guided by a plurality of rollers (36, 37, 40, 44, 50). The endless belt defines a periphery of the baling chamber. An exemplary method comprises providing an endless belt around at least a driven roller (40) and a tilt roller pair (36, 37), receiving the material in a baling chamber (26) through a throat (24) formed between the driven roller (40) and the tilt roller pair (36, 37), increasing the pressure applied by the endless belt (28) to the material, and securing the material in the baling chamber with netting (60) to form the bales (20).

Abstract: A guide system is provided to slidingly guide a reciprocating dynamic balancer weight within a press machine. An elongate stationary guide rail is disposed within a vertical channel formed at one side of the balancer mass. In this configuration, the guide rail is arranged in guide support relationship to the balancer mass. An arrangement of wear plates is mounted to the guide rail to provide additional bearing support to the reciprocating balancer mass. An arrangement of hydrostatic pads is mounted to the guide rail in facing opposition to the balancer mass to enable the formation of a hydrodynamic/hydrostatic lubricating action therebetween during reciprocation of the balancer mass. A machined steel plate is secured to the balancer mass at the same side where the guide rail is located and includes a set of lateral apertures formed therethrough that receive guide support members extending therethrough. The guide support members anchor the guide rail to the press crown.

Abstract: A vehicular two-wheel/four-wheel drive switching device for selectively transmitting power or disconnecting the transmission of rotary power to a power transmission system having a driving shaft connected to the drive side and a driven shaft fitted to the driving shaft via respective inner and outer rings having an annular clearance therebetween. Plural connecting/disconnecting members provided in the clearance between the inner and outer rings for connecting or disconnecting the driving shaft and the driven shaft are fitted or disconnected to/from respective opposite surfaces in response to a switching mechanism for selectively positioning the connecting/disconnecting members in a position in which the driving shaft and the driven shaft are connected and in a position in which they are disconnected. A casing encloses the switching device, and an oil seal is provided in two locations at an interval in the longitudinal direction of the driven shaft.

Abstract: A baling machine for baling tobacco and other materials. The baling machine includes a bale chamber that includes a bottom, opposed ends, a ram assembly, and a pair of opposed side and top assemblies. Each side and top assembly is pivotally mounted adjacent the floor of the bale chamber and movable from a closed position to an open position. In the closed position each side and top assembly extends around the bale chamber and forms a part thereof. In the open position, each side and top assembly extends outwardly from the bale chamber and effectively leaves the bale chamber open from the top, thereby enabling tobacco to be fed into the bale chamber from the top. Once the bale chamber has been filled, the side and top assemblies are closed and the ram assembly pushed through the bale chamber causing the tobacco therein to be compressed and formed into a bale. Thereafter, the bale is either ejected or removed from the bale chamber.

Abstract: A chip compressing apparatus, including a housing which has an inner space having opposite open ends, a movable member which is movable, along one of the opposite open ends of the housing, to a closing position where the movable member closes the one open end of the housing and to an opening position where the movable member opens the one open end, a movable-member moving device which moves the movable member to the closing position and to the opening position, a compressing ram which is inserted in the inner space of the housing through the other open end thereof, such that the compressing ram is movable in an axial direction of the housing, a ram moving device which moves the compressing ram in the axial direction so that the ram cooperates with the housing and the movable member being positioned at the closing position to compress metallic chip which is stored in the inner space of the housing, and a supporting device which supports the housing and the movable member such that at least when the compressing

Abstract: An apparatus for simultaneously recycling a plurality of used oil filters has a rectangular shaped compartment having a bottom, a top, opposite sides, and first and second ends. A first powered plunger is associated with the compartment above the top thereof to be moved downwardly toward the bottom to compress a plurality of used oil filters against the bottom. A second powered plunger is associated with the first end of the compartment and is adapted to be moved longitudinally in the compartment towards the second end. A dam member extends laterally across the compartment adjacent the second end so that the second powered plunger can compress a plurality of used oil filters against the dam member. A method of simultaneously recycling a plurality of used oil filters involves placing a plurality of the filters into a rectangular compartment having a top, opposite sides, a bottom, and first and second ends.

Abstract: A compacting press, in particular for waste paper in offices, has a small footprint and a high pressing density. The press ram is disposed in the vertical direction above a pressed part container. Disposed between a shaping chamber and the pressed part container is a closure slide which can move backwards and forwards in the horizontal direction to close the shaping chamber in the pressing position. The pressed part container is removably arranged on one side of the frame of the hydraulically driven compacting press and takes the form of a rolling container which can hold a plurality of pressed parts and is provided with rollers. The base surface of the container corresponds approximately to the footprint of the compacting press.

Abstract: A improved service life baler press assembly including a number of novel press chamber and ram assembly components formed of a relatively hard material, such as a thermoplastic polymer (e.g., acetal resins) or any other suitable material having low static and dynamic coefficients of friction. Press chamber components according to the invention include press wall liners coupled to the press chamber walls. The press wall liners are manufactured of the thermoplastic polymer, and are disposed between the press walls and a ram head during periods of compression. The low static and dynamic coefficients of friction of the thermoplastic polymer material allow the ram head to move inside of the press chamber without damaging the walls of the press chamber. In addition, one embodiment of the present invention includes a ram head cover also composed of a thermoplastic polymer or other suitable material. The ram head cover reduces wear damage to the press wall liners.

Abstract: A baler for compacting fibrous materials or other compactable materials having a platen operable by two compression devices. One compression device is at least one hydraulic cylinder with a piston rod attached to the platen which performs compaction. The other compression device is at least one hydraulic cylinder with a piston rod which is attached to the platen and performs tramping. The apparatus provides rapid tramping before compaction by the selective activation of only the second compression device. Both cylinders function through a common hydraulic fluid reservoir and solenoid valve.

Abstract: An enclosed type two-stage garbage compaction and storage structure, in particular a structure having both a hydraulic cylinder and a rotary inner cylinder provided with guide plates to compact garbage in two stages. The structure includes a housing, the hydraulic cylinder, and the inner cylinder. The housing is provided with a plurality of garbage slots to achieve quick collection of garbage. The housing has a front outlet and a lid. A slide plate is provided in front of the front outlet. The hydraulic cylinder is disposed horizontally, and has a piston rod at a front end and a push stop plate connected to the piston rod for pushing dumped-in garbage into the inner cylinder. The inner cylinder has a gate at an entrance thereof and a plurality of guide plates on its inner wall. When the inner cylinder rotates, a compaction effect is generated.

Abstract: A baler for compression and baling of waste including a ram and a reinforced vertically sliding bale chamber door at one end of a baler chamber. Tab and slot construction provide for interlocking of heavy wall components and associated members and for component self-alignment and location during fabrication. Extensive support by heavy gauge interlocking cross stringers, longitudinal stringers, and other interlocking support members, provides for operational and geometric stability of the mechanical chamber, the charge or gather chamber, the bale chamber, and the vertically sliding bale chamber door during compression and ejection of waste.

Abstract: This invention relates to a rubbish compression apparatus, comprising: a base plate; a main body, mounted on the base plate, into which the rubbish will be thrown; a roughly funnel-shaped compress tube, taking in the rubbish that has been thrown in; a compressing device, having a first pressing plate, which uses a threaded shaft; a shaft, which passes glidingly through the first pressing plate and the threaded shaft along their longitudinal axis; a second pressing plate, mounted below the first pressing plate on the low end of the shaft; and an anvil plate, mounted below an opening in the lower part of the compression tube. The second pressing plate is taken by the shaft to enter the compression tube and pre-compresses the rubbish. After that, the first pressing plate is driven down by use of the threaded shaft, pushing the second pressing plate to further compress the rubbish.

Abstract: An apparatus for baling municipal solid waste, characterized in that it comprises a waste compacting press composed of a compartment, which encloses a chamber, and is provided, in an upward region, with an opening for loading the loose waste, and is laterally provided with an axial opening for discharging the compacted waste; the upper opening is closeable by two articulated covers, subjected to the action of two pusher jacks to apply a pre-compaction pressure to the waste fed into the chamber, and the axial opening can be closed by a door against which the waste is compacted, so as to form a prism-like bale, by an axial jack, with an action line perpendicular to the door; the door can be removed to clear the axial opening and transfer the bale from the chamber into a sorting channel, whereat a pusher element advances the bale through a strapping machine adapted to place straps around the bale.

Abstract: A metal shavings and chips compactor for extruding oil from metal chips and shavings and compacting the metal into easily transportable pellets. A compactor cylinder contains a piston and has an opening through which an auger feeds metal chips and shavings. A gate doses an end of the cylinder. A first hydraulic drive drives the piston under low pressure to close the opening and apply a first compacting pressure on the metal to form a loosely compacted pellet in the cylinder. High pressure then operates the piston to form a compact metal pellet substantially void of interstices. A second hydraulic drive opens the gate; the piston is operated at low pressure to discharge the compact metal pellet from the chamber and oil is collected below the cylinder. The compacting pressures are achieved through mechanical advantages provided by the size of the piston to that of the first hydraulic drive.

Abstract: A compacting apparatus includes a first elongate compaction chamber having a first end and a second end and a second elongate compaction chamber having a first end and a second end. The second compaction chamber is in parallel spaced relation with the first compaction chamber. A first compaction ram is in axial alignment with the first compaction chamber. The first ram is movable from a starting position at the first end telescopically into the first compaction chamber. A second compaction ram is in axial alignment with the second compaction chamber and movable from a starting position at the first end telescopically into the second compaction chamber. A gate is provided for closing the second end of the first compaction chamber. A gate is provided for closing the second end of the second compaction chamber. The first ram and the second ram move in opposite directions.

Abstract: A machine for pressing earth into blocks has a rectangular breech and a press foot vertically reciprocally drivable in the breech. A bucking block is horizontally reciprocally drivable into and out of registration with an open upper end of the breech. Portions of the upper surface of the bucking block are tapered upwardly from front to rear and a horizontal bucking bar extends across the breech and bears downwardly against the tapered upper portions of the bucking block when the bucking block is in registration with the breech. The bucking bar can be supported at selectively variable levels above the breech and assures a firm positioning of the block against the force of the earth being compacted by the press foot. A rod extending vertically from and movable with the press foot cooperates with a sight line device fixed to the machine to facilitate visual determination of the elevation of the press foot within the breech.

Abstract: A waste disposal assembly for the simultaneous disposal of a plurality of fluid filtration devices, the assembly including a main disposal housing with a disposal storage area, a fluid storage area and, a processing area having an exterior access to allow loading of a plurality of fluid filtration devices into the processing area, a lid member to cover the processing area subsequent to the loading, a compactor face to compact the plurality of fluid filtration devices within the processing area thereby squeezing fluid from the fluid filtration devices and forming a compressed waste block which is thereafter separated so as to break up the compressed waste block within the processing area, and an interior access which is to be opened to receive the broken up compressed waste block therethrough for passage into the disposal storage area which is structured to contain a substantial quantity of the broken up compressed waste blocks until appropriate disposal is made.

Abstract: A metal shavings and chips compactor for extruding oil from metal chips and shavings and compacting the metal into easily transportable pellets. A compactor cylinder contains a piston and has an opening through which an auger feeds metal chips and shavings. A gate closes an end of the cylinder. A first hydraulic drive drives the piston under low pressure to close the opening and apply a first compacting pressure on the metal to form a loosely compacted pellet in the cylinder. High pressure then operates the piston to form a compact metal pellet substantially void of interstices. A second hydraulic drive opens the gate; the piston is operated at low pressure to discharge the compact metal pellet from the chamber and oil is collected below the cylinder. The compacting pressures are achieved through mechanical advantages provided by the size of the piston to that of the first hydraulic drive.

Abstract: Disintegrated material is supplied to a pressure chamber by a rotatable and axially translatable screw piston. The piston is rotated while in a first axial position to transport and compact the material in a receiving chamber against a closed output valve in front of the piston. The output valve is opened and the compacted material is moved into the pressure chamber by axial non-rotative motion of the piston. The output valve then is closed, and the piston is axially returned to its first axial position while rotating in the same direction as before. The operation cycle is repeated as above. An apparatus for carrying out a process comprises an axially movable guide piston rotationally carrying and guiding the screw piston for rotation and axial movement by action of a hydraulic cylinder and a mechanism for rotationally positioning the screw piston.

Abstract: An apparatus for compressing a container having a base and a top. The apparatus includes a housing and a lid which releasibly attaches to the housing. The lid contains a hole or recess to receive the top of a container. The apparatus also includes a shelf which has a top side containing at least one recess adapted to receive the base of the container. The shelf and the lid cooperate to hold the container securely. Additionally, the apparatus may include rods and the shelf may contain orifices to receive the rods. The shelf travels along the rods such that it remains parallel and aligned with the lid. Finally, gears, belts, or handles serve to force the shelf against the lid and thereby crush the container held between the lid and the shelf.

Abstract: Dense ceramic material in the form of a block is made in a hot uniaxial press, particulate precursor material for the ceramic being supplied in cylindrical metal capsules having a convoluted or bellows-like side wall which are supplied in a stream with an elongated cylindrical spacer of greater diameter between adjacent metal capsules. Each spacer has a recessed end face for accommodating a corresponding end portion of a metal capsule so that the metal capsule is centered and there is restraint against radially outward expansion of the capsule under the heat and pressure which is applied. The apparatus is operated essentially continuously and the stream moves progressively upwardly so that the discharge of processed containers and spacers occurs at the upper end and capsules to be processed and spacers are inserted intermittently at the lower end.

Abstract: A baler for baling polystyrene material which has high bulk and low weight for subsequent recycling. The baler includes a ram which provides significant penetration over repeated cycles to compress the polystyrene into a bale, which is subsequently ejected through a bale door of the baler. The baler can either be manually controlled or automatically controlled, such as by an algorithm stored in programmable logic controller. Feedback systems measure the length of travel of the ram and the pressure of the ram determine the status of baling operation, and can automatically provide for ejection of the baled material. The bale can either be manually strapped, automatically strapped, and in some events, no strapping of the bale is required. The polystyrene material is chopped by a chopper system on the baler to break the material into smaller sections for baling. The baler has been specially designed to uniformly densify and bale most poly foam materials in a high production environment.

Abstract: A process for compacting normally occurring radioactive material (NORM) into a cylinder, such as a pipe, by providing a cylinder having a continuous sidewall, a first open end and a second closed in, and a cavity formed by the side wall defining a NORM storage space therein; providing a hopper for holding a quantity of the NORM; positioning the open end of the cylinder against the hopper, so that there is communication between the hopper space containing the NORM and the cylinder space; moving a ram member through the hopper toward the open end of the cylinder for forcing a quantity of the NORM contained within the hopper into the cylinder; repeating the compaction step until the cylinder is substantially filled with the NORM; and closing off the open end of the cylinder so that the NORM cannot move from the cylinder. The process also includes the step of removing the moisture from the NORM before the NORM is compacted in the cylinder.

Abstract: A baler for baling polystyrene material which has a high bulk and low weight for subsequent recycling. The baler includes a ram, to compress the material past its form memory, which provides significant penetration over repeated cycles to compress the polystyrene into a bale, which is subsequently ejected through a bale door of the baler. The baler can either be manually controlled or automatically controlled, such as by an algorithm stored in a programmable logic controller. Feedback systems measure the length of travel of the ram and the pressure of the ram to determine the status of the baling operation, and can automatically provide for ejection of the baled material. The bale can either be manually strapped, automatically strapped, or no strapping of the bale may be required. The polystyrene material is chopped by a chopper system on the baler to break the material into smaller sections for baling. The baler also includes a vertical tamper to tamp the polystyrene down into the baling chamber.

Abstract: The press comprises a frame (1), a feed zone (3) receiving the waste to be treated, a pressing chamber (9) comprising an intake aperture (10) and an outlet aperture (11) and a chamber (14) for discharging the solid phase. The press also comprises a component (15) movable transversely relative to the axis of the pressing chamber (9) between a first position for closing off the outlet aperture (11) and a second position for opening the outlet aperture (11), comprising jacks (20) for horizontal movement of the movable component in the direction of the axis of the pressing chamber (9) in order to apply the face of the movable component facing the outlet aperture (11) against the outlet aperture during compression of the heterogeneous waste.

Abstract: A baling machine has an outer housing forming an elongate, rectangular main baling chamber with a discharge opening at one end and an auxiliary baling chamber intersecting the main baling chamber. An inlet opening directs cans into the chambers at the intersection. An auxiliary piston is reciprocally mounted in the auxiliary baling chamber to compress cans to a first compression pressure in an initial compaction stage, while a main piston is reciprocally mounted in the main baling chamber to compress the compacted cans to a second compression pressure in a final compaction stage in which a bale of predetermined dimensions and weight is formed without any need for pre-weighing the cans.

Abstract: A device for separating and closing a split mold that comprises a base, a stationary platen, and a movable platen extending upward from the base and oriented to oppose each other, electromagnets, a hydraulic cylinder, and a control panel. The movable platen is capable of movement toward and away from the stationary platen by the hydraulic cylinder. The stationary platen has the electromagnets mounted thereon and the movable platen has the electromagnets mounted thereon. In the use of the device, the mold is positioned upon the base such that the first half is positioned against the stationary platen. The movable platen is moved against the second half and the electromagnets are activated. The movable platen is then moved away from the stationary platen, and the mold halves are held against their respective platens by the attractive forces of the electromagnets. Mold halves are thus separated by the movement of the platen away from the stationary platen in activation of the electromagnets.

Abstract: A trash compactor which is hydraulically actuated and which has a compactor blade which can be moved the full length of a truck body with a telescoping cylinder with one actuation of the cylinder and wherein one end of the cylinder is connected by a bracket to the rear end of the body of the truck and the other end of the cylinder extends into a nose portion of the compactor blade where it is attached with a bracket. A relatively low pressure hydraulic system actuates the compactor blade and a release valve limits the maximum pressure to which the system is subjected.

Abstract: Apparatus for the treatment of domestic refuse to convert it into a solid odorless and non putrefiable residue of reduced weight and volume, comprises a sealable casing housing a process cylinder provided with means for compacting refuse introduced therein, and heater means for raising the temperature within the process cylinder to a level such as to vaporize any liquids contained in the refuse, the casing also housing extractor means for removing vapors, gases and fumes generated upon incineration of the refuse, and being provided with an upper door for the introduction of domestic refuse, and a lower door for the withdrawal of residues obtained after treatment.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for handling compactible articles, and particularly recyclable articles includes a housing forming a compaction chamber with a bottom door movable between a closed position and an open position and having a feed opening through which articles are passed to be collected in said chamber. A retractable loading chute into which articles are discharged directs the articles into the feed opening when in the open extended position is movable to a retracted position to form wall portion of said chamber closing the feed opening. A first drive has a platen that is moved between extended and retracted positions in said compaction chamber to compress the collected articles in the chamber into a unitary block of mechanically interconnected compacted articles and move the block from the chamber. A second drive connected to the bottom door moves said bottom door between a closed position for compaction and a retracted position for the discharge of said block from said chamber.

Abstract: A method for operating a dewatering press wherein a mass for wet fibrous material is dewatered on all six sides by compressing the mass with a second ram against a plurality of liners arranged on a front face of the second ram, on a rear face of a door, and on a top wall, a bottom wall, and two opposing side walls of a press box. Before entering the press box, a quantity of the mass of wet fibrous material is selected by a first ram which is guided a predetermined distance beneath a hopper of wet fibrous material by a pair of piston rods and cylinders arranged on opposite external sides of the first ram. On one side edge of the front face of the second ram and also on one side wall of the press box, there are positioned four-edged knives which cut off a selected quantity of wet fibrous material after such material is fed into the compression chamber but before such material is pushed into the press box by the second ram.

Abstract: A press efficently dewaters a mass of wet fibrous material on all six sides by compressing the mass with a second ram against a plurality of liners arranged on a front face of the second ram, on a rear face of a door, and on a top wall, a bottom wall, and two opposing side walls of a press box. Before entering the press box, a quantity of the mass of wet fibrous material is selected by a first ram which is guided a predetermined distance beneath a hopper of wet fibrous material by a pair of piston rods and cylinders arranged on opposite external sides of the first ram. On one side edge of the front face of the second ram and also on one side wall of the press box, there are positioned four-edged knives which cut off a selected quantity of wet fibrous material after such material is fed into the compression chamber but before such material is pushed into the press box by the second ram. A method for operating the dewatering press is also disclosed.

Abstract: In the dewatering press of this invention, a ram, movable in a horizontal plane by hydraulic means, compresses a slurry in a compression chamber which includes as one wall a stop gate assembly movable in a vertical plane and as another wall a self-cleaning screen. After compression in a first direction is completed the direction of the ram's travel is reversed and compression in an opposed, but structurally identical, compression chamber takes place.

Abstract: A machine for crushing metal cans into rectangular blocks or bales wherein cans are fed through a precrusher, which flattens and rips open the cans to drain liquids therefrom and leaves protruding torn tabs and flaps that facilitate bonding of the cans into a self-sustaining bale. The flattened cans are collected in a charging bin until a predetermined weight is reached; then the cans are released into a bale-forming chamber, which is closed by a hinged door forming an initial compression member. A ram then compresses the cans longitudinally in the chamber, the ram having ribs on the compression face to form grooves in the bale for future stack-retaining straps. A sliding door opens the end of the baling chamber for ejection of the formed bale by continued extension of the ram.

Abstract: A method of and an apparatus for the packaging of radioactive waste wherein a steel container is placed in a horizontal hydraulic press chamber with the open end of the container turned toward a hydraulic ram, radioactive waste is accumulated ahead of the open end of this container, the ram is advanced to displace the radioactive waste into the container and then to corrugate the container wall and compress the radioactive waste against a retractable wall and the wall is then retracted to permit the ram to force the package out of the chamber.

Abstract: To compact such scrap materials as relatively comminuted chip, waste, and the like, an apparatus is provided which comprises a vertically extending briguetting machine, upstream whereof there is provided at least one horizontal pre-compression device. The briquetting machine has a portal-like configuration and a vertical compacting ram arranged to penetrate a side intake feed chamber and a vertical axis die. A closure anvil is movable under the die. The die is mounted with a small clearance in the die holder and has an indentation along one generatrix of the outer surface. Thus, the die will be ruptured along the generatrix line during the compression stroke. This does not jeopardize functionality but rather makes die replacement easier. The vertical arrangement eliminates eccentric wear as due to the weight of the horizontally moving elements of known briquetting machines, and facilitates the intaking of the pre-compressed material.

Abstract: There is disclosed a compression bundling apparatus which can be used to compression pack or bundle such materials as waste paper, hair, cotton, plastics, crude rubber, city rubbish and the like. The apparatus can be used for lateral and vertical binding with polypropylene plastic bands. The apparatus has two main sections, the compression section and the bundling section. The two sections are connected by a guide space in which the compressed material is conveyed to the bundler where it is then bound by vertical and, if desired, lateral bands to form the bundle. There is means to discharge the banded bundle or to discharge the compressed bundle prior to banding. The vertical banding is accomplished by the cooperation of a plurality of band guides external to the compression chamber and movable into the bundling chamber which has a movable bundler for causing the bands to bind the compressed block into a bundle.

Abstract: A shear baler is disclosed which is designed to efficiently process large volumes of desparate scrap metals into discrete, high intensity, compact bundles and includes novel structure for the facile mounting of shear blades in the movable shear ram and for preventing damage to the side mount ram due to scrap metal working around the ram head.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for treating refuse preparatory to its discharge in a body of water in which air incorporated in the pores and interstices of the material of the refuse is replaced with a liquid, such as water, sea water, or brine, by applying fluid pressure in the range of 200-300 p.s.i. to the refuse containing an added quantity of the liquid.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of packaging asbestos fibers wherein damp asbestos fibers are consolidated into blocks having a density of at least about 100 lbs./cu. ft. (PCF). These blocks can then be stacked on pallets, pulpable pallets if desired, and secured to said pallet with various means, for example with a shrink film, to produce a clean, compact package. At the point of use, the blocks are disintegrated using a block-breaker and the resultant pieces are then opened into a loose mass of asbestos fibers in a conventional opening apparatus.

Abstract: A device for discharging refuse through a discharge pipe being in communication with a hopper having an outlet through which refuse is successively introduced into the discharge pipe from a vacuum transport system performs the following operations:A compactor gate is advanced into the discharge pipe in a direction perpendicular to the length dimension of the discharge pipe at a location between the hopper outlet and a discharge outlet to block the internal longitudinal passage thereof to substantially prevent air from being drawn into the vacuum transport system through discharge outlet and the hopper. Thereafter, a compactor pusher is repeatedly reciprocated in the discharge pipe from a withdrawn limit position in which communication between the hopper outlet and the discharge pipe is open, towards the lowered compactor gate to accumulate and compress successively introduced refuse between the compactor pusher and the compactor gate.

Abstract: The invention is an improved baler for baling loose wire which the baler receives from a loose wire loading device. The baler includes a mounting member, a hopper having an open base which is disposed adjacent to the first end of the mounting member and which is mounted on the top thereof and a cylindrical member having a pair of open ends and also having one-quarter of its sidewall removed therefrom to form an opening having a first edge and a second edge. The cylindrical member is disposed so that the opening has its first edge perpendicular to the top of the mounting member and its second edge parallel thereto and faces the second end of the mounting member.

Abstract: Vehicle mounted compactor apparatus comprising multiple pressure actuated cylinders connected such that fluid is initially directed to a first cylinder to provide rapid reciprocating movement of a ram through a chamber to form a low density bale and is subsequently directed to second and third cylinders to provide low speed movement at increased compactive force to increase the density of the bale. A bonding agent is sprayed into the chamber to eliminate necessity for tying the bale. An elevator deposits the bale in a storage container pivoted to the frame of the vehicle for dumping.

Abstract: A baling press has opposed boxes with a press mechanism movable along the lint feed box for pre-packing fibrous material fed continuously thereto. A slotted gate is shiftable into and out of the path of the press mechanism which includes leg members movable for transferring the material from the upper one of the boxes to the lower one thereof. The gate may be closed while the leg members extend into the lower box during transfer of the material, so that the material is restrained by the leg members which may be also moved out of the lower box while the gate is closed.

Abstract: A baling press has opposed boxes with a press mechanism movable along the lint feed box for pre-packing fibrous material fed continuously thereto. The press mechanism is reciprocable axially along the lint feed box in short strokes and moves progressively from a discharge opening toward an open end thereof. The packing mechanism is movable toward the discharge opening so as to permit leg members thereof to discharge a pre-packed bale of fibrous material of a predetermined size through an open gate at the opening and into a compression mechanism disposed co-axially with the lint box. The compression mechanism includes a compression chamber located adjacent the discharge opening for compressing the pre-packed fibrous material into compact bales which are subsequently exposed for removal as the compression chamber is shifted axially away from the lint box.

Abstract: An improved closed chamber baler includes a hopper into which is fed waste paper or other compressible materials to be baled. The material to be baled is forced into a bale chamber by means of a piston operated ram. Means are provided for sequentially guiding a strapping wire about the outside periphery of the compressed material at a plurality of vertically spaced intervals along the compressed material. The strapping wire is tensioned and then twisted or knotted together to form a continuous strap about the compressed material, thereby forming a bale. When the bale has been completely strapped, the compression ram is retracted and an output gate is opened. The bale is then ejected from the bale chamber by an automatic bale ejector. While the invention is disclosed in connection with baling waste paper, the closed chamber baler is capable of other uses, e.g.

Abstract: Method and apparatus of refuse collection in a city for disposal in a landfill characterized by the steps of sending portable collecting and baling units on routes throughout the city for collecting refuse and simultaneously baling the refuse into large bales, then periodically discharging the bales along the route. A transport unit which is capable of carrying several bales is then notified to pick up the bales and transport them to a landfill. The baling unit has a hopper collector for manually dumping the refuse, a ram for compressing the refuse within a compaction chute into a bale once the refuse fills the hopper collector. After the bale achieves a selected size, wires previously threaded through guides are tied and the bale ejected. An attached conveyor extracts the bale and carries one or two bales temporarily until at a satisfactory place along the route they are unloaded for later pickup by the transport unit.

Abstract: A food press for shaping comestible products, such as meat and the like, in a tubular die aperture of uniform cross-section by a ram reciprocable in the die aperture by a cylinder and piston-type fluid actuator constructed so that no portion of the piston rod that might extend into the die aperture is retracted into the cylinder of the fluid actuator. The die aperture is formed by a channel-shaped stationary die means and a channel-shaped movable die means closed at the end opposite the ram. The movable die means has a part at the closed end which when the die means are closed extends into the channel of the stationary die means and which with the closed end of the movable die means provides an end wall or surface in the die aperture facing the ram inclined to the length of the die aperture. The face of the ram is similarly inclined so as to be parallel with the opposed wall of the die aperture.