Abstract: A load detection device includes a detector, a wireless transmitter, a power source, and a controller. The load detection device is provided in dies that includes a first die and a second die. The load detection device is installed on at least one of the first die and the second die and configured to detect whether the first die and the second die are in a closed state. The controller is configured to execute an electricity cutoff process of stopping electricity supply from the power source to the detector and the wireless transmitter when the closed state of the first die and the second die has continued for a predetermined time.

Abstract: A recycling method includes the steps of compacting recyclable material into a fixed bale, and weighing the recyclable material, using load cells, independently of the compacting forces. Compacting equipment for performing the method includes balers with load cells and anchors, with the load cells weighing the baler and the recyclable material in the baler, and with the anchors anchoring the baler in place without interfering with the weighing.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a baling apparatus that includes a baling chamber. The baling chamber is configure to receive material to be baled. Material to be baled can be compressed into the baling chamber. Adjacent to the baling chamber is a set of baling guides configured to guide baling ties. Each baling guide has an entrance and an exit, such that the baling tie enters and exits the baling guide some distance apart and at the same wall of the baling chamber.

Abstract: An evaluation device (20) evaluates the operating conditions of a briquetting machine (10). The evaluation device (20) includes an evaluation information acquisition unit (220) and an evaluation data generation unit (230). The evaluation information acquisition unit (220) acquires a plurality of pieces of evaluation information indicating the evaluation results of a plurality of briquettes manufactured under the same manufacturing conditions by the briquetting machine (10). The evaluation data generation unit (230) generates evaluation data that is data obtained by comparing a plurality of pieces of evaluation information with each other.

Abstract: In some embodiments, deposition processes for ruthenium (Ru) feature fill include deposition of a thin, protective Ru film under reducing conditions, followed by a Ru fill step under oxidizing conditions. The presence of protective Ru films formed under oxygen-free conditions or with an oxygen-removing operation can enable Ru fill without oxidation of an underlying adhesion layer or metal feature.

Abstract: A threadable heat transfer press includes an upper platen, a lower platen below the upper platen, a support head connected to one of the upper platen and the lower platen for moving the platens between an open position, when the platens are spaced away from one another, and a closed position, when the platens are pressed against each other. A vertical line extends from a geometric center of the lower platen and engaging the upper platen when the platens are in the closed position. The press further includes a support plate secured to the lower platen, a plurality of legs positioned below the lower platen, and a vertically extending support structure positioned between at least one of the plurality of legs and the support plate. The vertically extending support structure defines a throat spacing beneath the lower platen, which is spaced away from the geometric center of the lower platen.

Abstract: A compactor system for compacting waste having liquid components. The compactor system includes a storage container having a storage chamber and a dump door. A charge container includes a compacting chamber and a loading opening. An outlet fitting is mounted to the charge container. The outlet fitting is in fluid communication with the compacting chamber. A pump is in fluid communication with the outlet fitting. A storage tank is in fluid communication with the pump. The storage tank, storage container and charge container are positioned on a support surface. The pump pumps fluid from the compacting chamber into the storage tank.

Abstract: A heat press can include a frame, a first lower platen, a second lower platen, an upper platen, a press mechanism, a shuttle mechanism, and a heating element. The lower platens can be supported by the frame. The press mechanism can be coupled to the upper platen and operable to move the upper platen between open and closed positions. In the open position, the upper platen can be spaced apart from the lower platens by a greater distance than when in the closed position. The shuttle mechanism can be supported by the frame and can move the press mechanism linearly between a first position and a second position. In the first position, the upper platen can be located above the first lower platen. In the second position, the upper platen can be located above the second lower platen. The heating element can be configured to heat the upper platen.

Abstract: A system for adjusting the output of a densifier that includes a compression screw. The system may include a pressure system that includes a frame that at least partially surrounds at least a portion of a rail section of an extruder module associated with the densifier, at least one fluid spring associated between the frame and a wall of the rail section, and a compression system associated with the at least one fluid spring, wherein adjustment of the compression system is adapted to increase or decrease the compression force applied by the at least one fluid spring to the wall of the rail section.

Abstract: Provided is a press machine for driving a slide by a motor, including a control device for controlling driving of the motor, in which the press machine has a press capacity which can be variably controlled by using field control for the motor.

Abstract: A square baler includes a control system having a closed loop mode of operation in which at least one of the volume of the feeder duct and the threshold pressure of the pressure sensor is varied automatically to maintain the capacity parameter within one of a plurality of desired capacity ranges. The desired capacity range is selected by the control system in such a manner as to maintain the width of each slice in the finished bale within predetermined limits.

Abstract: A dewatering method comprising the method steps of: (i) Conveying a material to be dewatered part way along the length of a housing (14) by way of a screw (12) that is driven by a motor (22); (ii) Monitoring the rate of change of power demand on the motor (22); (iii) Adjusting the level of backpressure to which the material to be dewatered is exposed based on the rate of change of power demand on the motor (22) as obtained under step (ii); and (iv) Forming a residual plug of dewatered material at an open end (20) of the housing (14). A dewatering apparatus (10) is also described.

Abstract: A woody biomass baler having a baling chamber adapted to receive woody biomass material, a compression system adapted to compact the material into a rectangular bale in the chamber, and an ejection system adapted to move the bale from the chamber, wherein each baling chamber wall can withstand a minimum distributed force perpendicular to the wall of at least (0.11×Pp psi×Aw) pounds, wherein Pp is the maximum pressure that the compression system can apply to the material and Aw is the area of the wall expressed in square inches, and wherein the compression system can apply at least one platen pressure between 26 psi and 126 psi to the material.

Abstract: A method of controlling formation of a bale includes forming a bale from crop material by rotating the bale in a bale chamber and applying an amount of density pressure to the rotating bale. The method also includes receiving at least one operating condition value corresponding to at least one sensed operating condition when the bale is forming. The method further includes automatically determining the amount of bale density pressure applied to the bale responsive to receiving the at least one received operating condition value and controlling formation of the bale by causing the determined amount of bale density pressure to be applied to the bale.

Abstract: A space-saving in-flight trash compactor, comprising a trash chute, a compactor mechanism disposed above a level of the trash chute, and a storage chamber removably positioned below the compactor mechanism and below a level of the trash chute. The storage chamber is vertically aligned with the compactor mechanism. The trash chute is configured to channel trash disposed through an opening of the trash chute at a level of a counter top and above a level of a top of the storage chamber into an opening of the storage chamber at the top of the storage chamber. The opening of the trash chute may be horizontally offset from the vertical alignment of the storage chamber and compactor mechanism.

Abstract: An integrated system for: complete waste compactor/container operational control; remote fullness monitoring; and, remote performance and maintenance diagnostics. Such diagnostic information is transferred wirelessly or otherwise to one or more recipients, so as to directly provide a critical warning in real time. The waste compactor/container controller/monitor system allows for periodic substantially real-time oil viscosity measurements of the hydraulic fluid to account for changes in such viscosity. The system adjusts the timing of the compactor stroke to permit more efficient operation and inhibit damage to the hydraulic ram and/or container during use. The system provides for the monitoring and communication of substantially all aspects of compactor operation both on-site and remotely.

Abstract: A baler includes a baling chamber that includes a bale-forming channel including at least one adjustable friction control element, a plunger mounted within the channel, and a rotary drive mechanism for driving reciprocating movement of the plunger. A control system controls operation of the baler, the control system configured to determine an actual maximum torque value associated with the rotary drive mechanism, compare the actual maximum torque value with a selected desired maximum torque value, and adjust the friction control element to regulate the actual maximum torque value according to the desired maximum torque value.

Abstract: A die cushion device for a press machine includes: a hydraulic cylinder for supporting a cushion pad and generating a die cushion pressure when a slide of the press machine moves downward; a proportional valve and a hydraulic pump/motor connected in parallel between a lower chamber of the hydraulic cylinder and a low-pressure source; an electric motor connected to a rotating shaft of the hydraulic pump/motor; a die cushion pressure command issuer for outputting a predetermined die cushion pressure command; a pressure detector for detecting a pressure in the lower chamber of the hydraulic cylinder; and a controller for controlling an aperture of the proportional valve and a torque of the electric motor in a manner that the die cushion pressure becomes equal to a pressure corresponding to the die cushion pressure command, based on the die cushion pressure command and the pressure detected by the pressure detector.

Abstract: A controller for an electric servo press includes: a press load sensor for detecting a pressure force of the slide; a pressure-force determination device for determining whether the pressure force of the slide reaches one or a plurality of different pressure-force setting values based on the one or the plurality of different pressure-force setting values and an output signal of the press load sensor, and for generating a pressure-force achievement signal each time the pressure force of the slide reaches each of the one or the plurality of different pressure-force setting values; a servo motor drive controller for controlling driving of the servo motor; and a motion command device. In response to the pressure-force achievement signal, switching of a drive control mode by the servo motor drive controller is switched, and/or a motion to be commanded by the motion command device is switched.

Abstract: There is provided a controlling technique for a servo press capable of optimal forming for handling variability in a sheet thickness and material property of a workpiece and for handling each workpiece. A controlling device for controlling a servo press in accordance with a slide motion data includes: measurement equipment for measuring a forming state of a workpiece, attached to a die for forming the workpiece; a measurement result receiving portion for receiving a measurement result sent from the measurement equipment; and a slide motion data changing portion for changing a slide motion data for forming the same workpiece at scheduled measuring time in accordance with the measurement result received by the measurement result receiving portion.

Abstract: A method for preparing a pressed article comprises providing a first and a second pressing ram in a compression chamber; supplying biomass particles in the chamber closing the chamber; extending the first pressing ram; displacing the biomass particles with the first pressing ram towards the second pressing ram; detecting abutment of the biomass particles on the second pressing ram; applying pressure to the biomass particles with the first pressing ram and with the second pressing ram detecting a pressure applied to match a predetermined pressure and continuing to extend the first and the second pressing ram until a predetermined time at the matched compression pressure has elapsed; stopping the extension of the second pressing ram when a predetermined extension length is reached; continuing to extend the first pressing ram until a predetermined additional time has elapsed after the stopping; ejecting a pressed article.

Abstract: A control system of a servo press and a control method are provided for preventing an overload on a pressure capability of a press and a torque capability of a drive system. A control device of a servo press for pressing by transferring a drive force of a servomotor to a slide via a drive mechanism includes: a motion calculation unit for calculating slide target position data; a torque calculation unit for calculating process torque for pressing and control torque for speed change of the servo motor on the basis of slide target position data; a process system limit unit for limiting the calculated process torque to predetermined process limitation torque; and a drive system limit unit for limiting combined torque of the limited process torque and the control torque to predetermined drive limitation torque. The servo motor is driven on the basis of a command of drive limitation torque.

Abstract: The embodiment of present invention discloses a pressing apparatus comprising: a static pressing plate; a movable pressing plate opposing the static pressing plate and comprising a plurality of movable press-blocks; a pressure sensor provided in each respective movable press-blocks; a plurality of drive units provided corresponding to the plurality of movable press-blocks, each drive unit being connected with one movable press-block for driving the corresponding movable press-block; a control unit electrically connected with each drive unit and each pressure sensor, the control unit being configured to compare the detected pressure value from each pressure sensor with a predefined pressure value, and adjust the pressure value between the corresponding movable press-block and the static pressing plate by means of the corresponding drive unit based on the comparison result.

Abstract: A collection apparatus weight and fullness level reporting system includes: an inlet; a removable collection bin receiving material placed into the collection apparatus; a compacting mechanism including a ram body, wherein the ram body travels between a home position located above the collection bin to a maximum travel position located inside the collection bin, wherein during each compaction cycle the ram body travels along a variable length of the compaction path; a fullness-reporting module that determines the height of the material in the collection bin; and a controller that determines the length of the compaction path the ram body travels during each compaction cycle based on the input received from the fullness reporting module, wherein at the end of each compaction cycle in which the material height is below a maximum height, the ram body is brought to rest at a height below the home position.

Abstract: A space-saving in-flight trash compactor, comprising a trash chute, a compactor mechanism disposed above a level of the trash chute, and a storage chamber removably positioned below the compactor mechanism and below a level of the trash chute. The storage chamber is vertically aligned with the compactor mechanism. The trash chute is configured to channel trash disposed through an opening of the trash chute at a level of a counter top and above a level of a top of the storage chamber into an opening of the storage chamber at the top of the storage chamber. The opening of the trash chute may be horizontally offset from the vertical alignment of the storage chamber and compactor mechanism.

Abstract: A crank press includes an encoder measuring an angle value of a servo motor, a strain detector module generating a converted load value associated with deformation of a machine body, a memory storing at least one relation between an angle value and each of an upper torsion limit and an upper load limit, and a controller calculating a torque command value based on a position command, reading the upper torsion limit corresponding to the measured angle value, determining whether the torque command value exceeds the upper torsion limit, outputting the torque command value when negative, and outputting the upper torsion limit when affirmative. The controller further stops the servo motor when the converted load value exceeds the upper load limit corresponding to the measured angle value.

Abstract: A baler having a bale chamber comprising chamber doors pivotably connected to a fixed frame part. Upon obtaining at least one crop parameter, a door angle value between two side sections of a door is selected; and the position of one of the side sections with respect to the other one is adapted in accordance with the selected door angle value. A corresponding baler and a control system for such baler are also provided.

Abstract: The square baler comprises a pick-up a pre-compression chamber, a baling chamber, a loading mechanism for transferring each slice of crop from the pre-compression chamber into the baling chamber and a plunger. The baler further can include at least one non-contact sensor that is provided in at least one of the walls of the pre-compression chamber and/or of the input zone of the baling chamber to produce an output signal indicative of the density of the crop.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for processing of waste and in particular processing involving a volumetric reduction of waste materials. There is an apparatus for processing waste material comprising a compaction compartment for receipt of waste material, the compaction compartment have a screw vane for processing waste material through the compaction compartment and a waste material outlet. In one aspect the apparatus comprises a heating zone including an arrangement for heating the waste material received from the waste outlet, the apparatus further comprising a cooling zone including a cooling arrangement for cooling the waste material received from the heating zone.

Abstract: The invention concerns a tablet press (10) which is typically portable and comprises a base (12) and a press member (24) held relative to the base by a spacer (20). The base (12) comprises a die (38B) for receiving a powder in use, wherein the spacer (20) depends from the base and is moveable relative thereto under the control of an actuator (28) such that the press member (24) is reversibly actuable between an at-rest condition in which the press member is spaced from the die and an actuated condition in which the press member is located in the die so as to apply a load to a powder therein so as to compact the powder into a tablet. The actuator is operated under the control of an electronic controller, typically in response to desired tablet parameters input by a user. A table-top tablet press of this kind is particularly beneficial for individual or small-batch tablet production, for example for research purposes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device and a method for cooking food on a grill having opposed upper and lower platens wherein a gap spacing between the platens is adjusted in an initial stage and in subsequent stages of the cooking time for the meat. The method includes causing the food to be located between two opposed platens, the opposed platens each having opposed cooking surfaces and the opposed cooking surfaces defining a gap spacing that is adjustable, and adjusting the gap spacing between the platens so that during an initial stage of the cooking the gap spacing is equal to or less than the nominal initial uncooked thickness of the food, and during one or more subsequent stages of the cooking, after the initial stage, the gap spacing between the platens is varied.

Abstract: A hydraulic pressing tool which is particularly suitable for pressing pipe fittings, and which has a hydraulic pump connected to an electric motor. With the aid of the hydraulic pump, hydraulic fluid is pumped from a tank into a piston chamber to operate the hydraulic piston. The pressure prevailing in the piston chamber is determined by means of a pressure sensor. When a pressure limit is reached, a solenoid valve is opened by the control device such that the hydraulic fluid flows back out of the piston chamber, through the channels, and into a reservoir.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for operating a press which includes providing a press with at least one plunger which executed a stroke, an upper tool part, a sub-structure. A control and regulation device receives a value(s) on an operating condition from a system of the press. The value(s) are provided from the system of the press to the control and regulation device during a processing of a work piece. The value(s) provided are processed to the control and regulation device according to a function F ? ( x ) = L x · F 2 under the condition that L > x > L 2 so as to permanently operate a movement of the plunger via a drive device and the press in a controlled manner or in a regulated manner according to a system of forces required for a work piece with a respective force which is actively influenced or is actively modified in a position and a dimension/amount.

Abstract: A biomass baler having a baling chamber adapted to receive tall grass biomass material, a compression system adapted to compact the material into a rectangular bale in the chamber, and an ejection system adapted to move the bale from the chamber, wherein the baling chamber has a front wall consisting of a reciprocating compression platen corresponding in dimensions to the width W and height H of the bale, opposing upper and lower walls corresponding in dimensions to the length L and either of the W and H of the bale, and opposing sidewalls corresponding in dimensions to the L and the other of the W and H of the bale, wherein each chamber wall selected from among the upper wall, the lower wall, and the sidewalls can withstand a minimum distributed force perpendicular to the selected wall of at least (0.22×Pp×Aw) pounds, wherein Pp is the maximum pressure that the compression platen can apply to the material and Aw is the area of the selected wall expressed in square inches.

Abstract: Provided is a low-cost servo press promoting energy saving by driving a press machine by a driving system suited for the magnitude of a load on a worked object. It includes a first motor coupled to a slide drive shaft to ascend/descend a slide, a second servo motor driving a flywheel, a clutch coupling/decoupling the second servo motor to/from the slide drive shaft, and a press controller controlling rotation of the first and second servo motors and coupling/decoupling of the clutch. The press controller controls to decouple the clutch when the press is small-loaded, thereby ascending/descending the slider by driving the first servo motor, and to couple the clutch when the press is large-loaded, thereby ascending/descending the slider by driving the first and second servo motors.

Abstract: A device for conveying a mixture of substances includes a delivery cylinder having perforations and is configured to separate, through the perforations, mixture components from the mixture of substances. A material feed space is connected to an inlet side of the delivery cylinder and delivery line is connected to the outlet side. A delivery piston is reciprocatable through the material feed space and the delivery cylinder. A closure member is disposed at the outlet side of the delivery cylinder or in the delivery line and is movable between open and closed positions. A control unit is operable to move the delivery piston and a drive mechanism operable to move the closure member. The control unit is configured to respond to displacement signals of the delivery piston so as to cause a closing movement of the closure member and is configured to respond to output signals of an upstream pressure sensor so as to cause an opening movement of the closure member.

Abstract: A diagnostic system for a compactor/baler includes a controller and a plurality of switches coupled to inputs of the controller. A first switch is in a first position when a ram of the compactor/baler is below a predetermined location, and a second position when the ram reaches the location. A second switch is in a first position when pressure driving the ram is below a predetermined pressure limit, and a second position when the ram exceeds the pressure limit. A communication port and display are operatively coupled to outputs of the controller. The controller is configured to, upon actuation of the first switch to the first position, activate a ram timer to count to a predetermined timer setting, and, if the second switch is actuated to the second position before the ram timer reaches the timer setting, output an alert of a full bale condition the communication port and/or display.

Abstract: An improved baler and a method of using the improved baler to produce high density bales. The baler comprises a pick-up assembly configured to pick-up crop material; a compression assembly comprising at least one pair of opposing compression rollers configured to generate a pressure on the crop material as it passes between the compression rollers; and a bale chamber, wherein the pre-compressed crop forms a bale. The compression rollers define an adjustable gap therebetween. By adjusting the gap, pressure exerted on the crop material as it passes between the compression rollers may be controlled, resulting in bales of varying density.

Abstract: An improved baler and a method of using the improved baler to produce high density bales based on arrangement and control of compression rollers. The baler comprises a pick-up assembly configured to pick-up crop material; a rotary feeder; a compression assembly comprising at least one compression roller configured to generate a pressure on the crop material as it passes between the compression roller and another compression component in the baler; and a bale chamber, wherein the pre-compressed crop forms a bale. The compression roller and compression component define an adjustable gap therebetween. The one or more compression rollers and/or baler compression components may be located in various locations in the baler. By adjusting the gap, pressure exerted on the crop material as it passes between the compression rollers and baler compression components may be controlled, resulting in bales of higher density.

Abstract: In a machine press having a lower and an upper tool carrier, a hydraulic drive acting on the upper tool carrier comprises at least one closed hydraulic drive system that can be switched between rapid motion and press motion, the drive system having at least one hydraulic cylinder piston unit. The hydraulic liquid of the at least one hydraulic drive system is stored in a pressure accumulator fanning the storage container, supplying the entire associated hydraulic drive system permanently with at least a base pressure above the ambient pressure. There is no hydraulic connection whatsoever between the working chamber on the piston rod side and the working chamber on the piston side of at least one hydraulic cylinder piston unit. The upper tool carrier is pre-stressed into the upper final position thereof by means of a spring unit.

Abstract: A method of electronically sensing the fill of material in a stuffer chute and tripping a stuffer of a baler. A combine harvester and baler for biomass collection. In one embodiment, crop material such as the residue or material other than grain (MOG) from the back of the combine is directly projected toward a target on a baler collection device. A tailboard with defection panels may be used to alter the direction of the crop residue from the combine. The tongue of the baler is configured to not obstruct the crop material as the crop material is projected toward the baler. One or more knives of a chopper coupled to the combine may be configured to optimally project MOG toward the baler. Also, the stuffer chute of the baler may be configured to facilitate the flow of crop material such as MOG and therefore minimize obstructions. The crop material is transferred from the combine to the baler without the use of a conveyor.

Abstract: An overload protector has an input element, an output element juxtaposed with the input element, and a clamping plate. Fasteners fix the clamping plate to one of the elements against relative movement. A coupling between the clamping plate and the other of the elements permits only limited relative movement of the elements through a stroke having a predetermined length in a predetermined direction. A connector between the clamping plate and the other element fixes the clamping plate and the other element together against relative movement until an overload force greater than a predetermined critical limit is exerted shifting either of the elements toward or away from the other element in the predetermined direction.

Abstract: A biomass baler having a baling chamber adapted to receive tall grass biomass material and a compression system adapted to compact the tall grass biomass material into a parallelepiped bale in the chamber, wherein the baling chamber has a front wall consisting essentially of a reciprocating compression platen corresponding in dimensions to the width W and height H of the bale, opposing upper and lower walls corresponding in dimensions to the length L and either of the W and H of the bale, and opposing sidewalls corresponding in dimensions to the L and the other of the W and H of the bale, and wherein the compression system is adjustable by conventional controls to apply at least one operator-selectable compression platen pressure of between 22 psi and 30 psi to the tall grass biomass material in the chamber.

Abstract: A device and method are provided for preventing a tool from breaking during fine blanking and/or forming in a press. The device includes a fine blanking head positioned above a ram that carries out a stroke movement. The fine blanking head includes, among other things, a main cylinder retaining a V-shaped projection piston, a touch piston, several V-shaped projection pins, a main plate covering the main cylinder and a touch table to which the tool can be connected. Pressure provided by a hydraulic system is introduced to the device in distinct regions. Gaps between certain device components are maintained and monitored for purposes of determining the undesirable presence of foreign objects in the press operating path. If a sensor determines that the gaps are not maintained then the computer which operates valves that supply the pressure from the hydraulic system will shut the press down.

Abstract: A film transfer apparatus includes an application unit, a transfer unit downstream of the application unit, and at least one third unit for further processing a printing material with a transfer layer applied. In the prior art, if contact pressure is exerted on coated printing material again in a following nip, the adhesive layer under the transfer layer can be pressed out. A blanket can then be contaminated with adhesive, ink itself can be contaminated and parts of the transfer layer can be detached from the coated sheet. In order to avoid pressing out the adhesive, measured values in the transfer unit are compared with corresponding values in the third unit. At least one controlled variable in the units can then be readjusted on the basis of a difference, to at least reduce the quantity of adhesive squeezed out. A transfer method and a covering surface are also provided.

Abstract: A hydraulic power device usable to power a compactor ram of a waste compactor is provided. The hydraulic power device includes a pump assembly having first and second pumps for providing pressurized hydraulic fluid to at least one hydraulic cylinder and piston assembly associated with the compactor ram. A battery is provided for storing energy and for providing energy to the pump assembly. A solar panel converts solar energy and charges the battery. A pump control unit simultaneously operates the pumps when an operating pressure of the pump assembly is less than a predetermined threshold and operates only the first pump when the operating pressure of the pump assembly is greater than the predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A press with a cylinder for the movement of a pressure element is described. The cylinder is connected to a toggle lever, wherein the toggle lever is connected to a drive and wherein the drive moves the cylinder via the toggle lever.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for delivering thick matter. The device comprises: a delivery cylinder (20); a material feed space (16), which is connected to the delivery cylinder (20) on the entry side; a delivery line (18), which is connected to the delivery cylinder (20) on the exit side; a delivery plunger (12), which can be displaced to-and-fro through the material feed space (16) and the delivery cylinder (20), and; a closing element (22), which is placed at the exit location of the delivery cylinder (20) or inside the delivery line (18) and which can be displaced between an open position and a closing position. In order to be able to separate foreign substances, which are contained in the flow of thick matter, out of the flow of thick matter before the actual processing step for the useful substances, the invention provides that the delivery cylinder (20) is perforated at least over a portion of its cylinder jacket (24).

Abstract: Two press cylinders are disposed at an equal interval at left and right having the opening-closing cylinder therebetween, so as to have the approximately same distance from the conveying reference plane as the opening-closing cylinder. The opening-closing cylinder comprises an opening-closing linear encoder, which detects a decreased amount of the entire thickness of the object-to-be-processed as a displacement of the ram, when the object-to-be-processed is hot-pressed. The respective press cylinders comprise pressure sensors for press cylinders detecting pressing pressures of the pressing plates as cylinder inner pressures.

Abstract: A biomass baler having a baling chamber adapted to receive tall grass biomass material, a compression system adapted to compact the material into a rectangular bale in the chamber, and an ejection system adapted to move the bale from the chamber, wherein the baling chamber has a front wall consisting of a reciprocating compression platen corresponding in dimensions to the width W and height H of the bale, opposing upper and lower walls corresponding in dimensions to the length L and either of the W and H of the bale, and opposing sidewalls corresponding in dimensions to the L and the other of the W and H of the bale, wherein each chamber wall selected from among the upper wall, the lower wall, and the sidewalls can withstand a minimum distributed force perpendicular to the selected wall of at least (0.22×Pp×Aw) pounds, wherein Pp is the maximum pressure that the compression platen can apply to the material and Aw is the area of the selected wall expressed in square inches.