Abstract: A lithographic printing plate, in which (1) the non-image area of a hydrophilic swellable layer is 1 to 50 g/m.sup.2 in water absorbability, and the water absorbability of the image area is less than that of the non-image area, (2) the non-image area of a hydrophilic swellable layer is 0.01 to 10 kg/mm.sup.2 in initial modulus, and the initial modulus of the image area is larger than that of the non-image area, (3) the non-image area of a hydrophilic swellable layer is 10 to 2000% in water swelling ratio, and the water swelling ratio of the image area is less than that of the non-image area, or (4) the hydrophilic swelling layer has a phase separated structure consisting of at least two phases; a phase mainly composed of a hydrophilic polymer and a phase mainly composed of a hydrophobic polymer, can be produced from a new photosensitive lithographic original plate simple in development treatment, highly repellent against ink even without being etched, and allowing the use of pure water as dampening water.

Abstract: There is described a method of preparing a water-less lithographic plate by coating a positive working photosensitive composition onto an oleophilic base imagewise exposing the plate and developing it to remove the areas of the photosensitive composition which have been light exposed, coating overall the surface of the plate with a layer of a composition which is ink-releasing or when cured becomes ink releasing, then either as a separate step or as a combined step curing the ink-releasing composition or drying the ink-releasing composition and light exposing overall the plate, then redeveloping the plate to remove the photosensitive composition remaining after the first development and any ink-releasing composition overlying the photosensitive composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a record sheet used in an electro-coagulation printing method for forming characters and images on a cylinder as an electrode with an ink which coagulates with electric charge and for transferring the characters and images to the record sheet, wherein the wet time is 15 milliseconds or less, obtained from the absorption curve of pure water measured by a dynamic scanning absorptometer. Preferably, the record sheet has 5 ml/m.sup.2 s.sup.-1/2 or more absorption coefficient, and more preferably, has contact ratio measured by a specular reflection smoothness tester under a pressure of 40 kg/cm.sup.2 with a ray having a wavelength of 0.5 .mu.m is 40% or more. The record sheet can be used for various print sheets, in particular, for business form sheets and newspaper sheets.

Abstract: A plate material the surface of which is formed of film including as its major component a material whose surface changes from a lipophilic state to a hydrophilic state by a photocatalytic reaction and returns to a lipophilic state when subsequently subjected to a heat treatment is used for making a printing plate. The plate material is exposed to active light over the substantially entire surface thereof with image-wise part kept unexposed. The part exposed to the active light becomes hydrophilic and repels ink while the part unexposed to the active light is kept lipophilic and receives ink. When the plate material is subsequently heated, the hydrophilic part is rendered lipophilic and the plate material can be reused.

Abstract: According to the present invention there is provided a method for making a lithographic printing plate comprising the image-wise exposure of a heat-sensitive imaging element with a laser and developing said imaging element by rinsing it with plain water or an aqueous solution. To improve ink-uptake the imaging element is exposed on an external drum recorder whereby the pixel dwell time of the laser is above 0.1 .mu.

Abstract: A formulation comprising a heat sensitive cross-linkable ink and carbon black is coated over substantially the entirety of an ink-repellent/ink-releasing surface of a printing cylinder of a printing press by heating the formulation and/or the outer surface of the printing cylinder so that the formulation adheres to the cylinder to provide a continuous coating thereon. The coated printing cylinder is then allowed to cool to ambient temperature whereafter it can be imaged using a digitally controlled laser. The imaged printing cylinder may be developed during press start up by application of waterless ink over the cylindter surface in order to remove the non-imaged areas comprising non-cross-linked ink. After completion of printing, the printing cylinder can be cleaned by using an appropriate solvent to solubilize the cross-linked ink in the imaged areas and subsequently re-used.

Abstract: Provided is a media-fluid material set which comprises a media with a support that bears a hydrophilic receiving surface together with a fluid material comprising a liquid carrier medium and a reactive transition metal complex of a fluorinated organic acid. After application of the fluid material to the hydrophilic receiving surface, the reactive complex reacts to form an ink-releasing layer. Such a media-fluid material set can be advantageously used in preparing waterless lithographic printing plates with ink-releasing layers comprising such fluorinated reaction products. Also provided are imaged waterless lithographic printing plates with such ink-releasing layers made by an ink jet printing application or by laser-induced thermal ablation, and methods of making such waterless lithographic printing plates.

Abstract: According to the present invention there is provided a method for making lithographic printing plates including the steps of dispensing in a predetermined pattern curable hydrophobic ink from a printhead of a printer onto a lithographic base or polymerizable ink from a printhead of a printer onto a lithographic base which is coated with a polymerization initiator by spraying droplets of the ink onto the lithographic base in the predetermined pattern and curing the sprayed droplets of the ink upon the lithographic base, characterized in that the lithographic base comprises a flexible support having a cross-linked hydrophilic surface.

Abstract: A printing system consisting of at least two reactive components is disclosed, in which one component is a polymer having attached at least one functional group that is reactive with an aziridine, such as a carboxyl, thiocarboxyl, sulfonic, phosphoric, epoxy, or isocyanate group or derivative thereof, and the other component is an aziridine, which printing system can be used to provide printed images of excellent quality that are wet-rub resistant and accent marker resistant. In addition to using the invention two-component system to produce printed images directly, a method for using the two-component system to prepare lithographic printing plates is disclosed.

Abstract: A lithographic printing plate that works according to the silver salt diffusion transfer reversal process is disclosed. The lithographic properties of said plate can be improved by incorporating a hydrophilic amphoteric block copolymer, comprising a non-ionic block of acrylic units with pendant nitrile groups and an acrylamid(in)e block which comprises units with pendant basic and acidic groups. The hydrophilic amphoteric block copolymer is preferentially present in the image receiving layer of the lithographic printing plate. In an alternative embodiment, said block copolymer may be present in a treating solution used for processing said plate or applied onto said plate while printing. The hydrophilicity of the printing plate's surface is improved without deteriorating the ink-acceptance in the printing areas.

Abstract: A substrate is coated with a first material which is soluble in a first solvent, whereupon a second material which is strongly adherent to the first material and insoluble in the first solvent is selectively applied by an ink jet printer. The substrate is then developed in the first solvent to establish the image. In a preferred embodiment the substrate is hydrophilic, the first material is a negative working photosensitive material, and the second material is a transparent adhesive, which permits curing the first material by exposure to actinic light after the development step. The adhesive is then removed. In an embodiment directed to a waterless plate the substrate includes a surface coating of silicone, and the first material is a primer which promotes adhesion of a second material in the form of an oleophilic adhesive which is selectively applied. The primer is then developed to expose the silicone on the non-image areas.

Abstract: The traditional trade-off between performance and shelf-life of processless thermal printing plates can be eliminated by using reactive chemicals which are mixed during (or just prior to) application to the plate and imaged shortly thereafter. The utility of high power thermal exposure heads combined with the advantages of mixing two reactive chemicals, allows the generation of high performance processless thermal printing plates on-site, effectively eliminating the requirements of shelf-life and robustness. Furthermore, the process of mixing the reactive chemicals is ideally suited for on-press imaging.

Abstract: There is described a method of preparing water-less lithographic plate which comprises imagewise exposing a lithographic plate coated with a photosensitive composition, processing the exposed plate in an aqueous based developing liquid to remove those areas of the photosensitive composition which are removable by the developing liquid, drying the plate and coating the plate with an ink releasing coating composition which adheres to those areas of the plate from which the photosensitive composition has been removed, but which does not adhere to those areas of the plate from which the photosensitive composition which has not been removed, further treating the plate to cure or fix the ink-releasing composition thus providing ink-receptive areas of the plate which are those areas of the plate from which the photosensitive composition which has not been removed in the developing liquid and ink-releasing areas of the plate which are covered with the cured ink-releasing composition.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing printing plates which are used in offset printing. The process produces a plate which comprises a substrate film in which a thin durable hydrophilic layer has been applied thereto. In the process, the substrate film is first microroughened by pressure blasting so that the surface roughness, R.sub.A, is in the range 0.3 to 1.5 .mu.m. Subsequently, a durable, firmly adhering hydrophilic layer is applied to substrate by plasma-spraying an oxide powder with a particle size of 1 to 40 .mu.m onto the substrate. This process produces a plate whose surface is not greasy or grainy.

Abstract: To delete undesired ink-receptive areas on a wet lithographic printing construction, an oleophobic material is applied to the hydrophilic surface of the plate that has suffered contamination and/or scratching, and allowed to cure. So long as the hydrophilic surface is capable of permanently bonding the oleophobic deletion agent, the areas to which that agent has been applied will not accept ink.

Abstract: Printing plates having a photoresist layer thereon that can be exposed by a computer controller laser have improved sensitivity and do not require a photomask step. We have found photoresists that include a film forming polymer, an organo azide and a photosensitive dye that absorbs light at the frequency of the patterning laser and converts it to heat energy. The heat energy in turn elevates the temperature of the organo azide above its dissociation temperature, destroying the azide in areas exposed to the light source, and solubilizing those regions.Flood exposure with ultraviolet light hardens the resist and can be performed prior to or after pattern exposure.

Abstract: The present invention provides a correcting liquid for silver imaged lithographic printing plates being an aqueous solution having a pH in the range between 5.5 and 8.5 and comprising a iron (III) complex salt of an organic acid, a sulphite or a metabisulphite, a silver halide solvent and an accelerator, said accelerator being an organic heterocyclic compound having a mercapto- or thione group and not having a hydrophilic substituent besides the said mercapto or thione group characterized in that said accelerator is present in an amount ranging from 0.04 to 0.4 mole per liter of correcting liquid.

Abstract: An imagewise polarizable imaging member can be used to print the same or different images with an electrically responsive marking media. The imaging member includes a matrix-addressable microelectronic layer in proximate relationship with an imagewise polarizable ferroelectric layer. Imaging is accomplished by forming an imagewise electrical pattern in the ferroelectric layer using signals from the matrix-addressable microelectronic layer, and applying the electrically responsive marking media to the electrically polarized ferroelectric layer, creating thereon an identifiable image pattern. The marking media can then be transferred to a suitable receiver material to form the desired printed image.

Abstract: An imaging member, such as a negative-working printing plate, can be prepared using a heat sensitive imaging layer comprised of a heat-sensitive vinyl polymer and optionally a photothermal conversion material. The heat-sensitive polymer has recurring units containing a cyclic anhydride that decarboxylates upon application of thermal energy (such as from IR irradiation), rendering the polymer more hydrophobic in IR exposed areas. Upon contact with a neutral or acidic pH solution, the polymer is then rendered more hydrophilic in unexposed areas.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for a reversible image build-up of a surface matrix of a printing form for a printing machine, wherein the surface matrix has regions which are activatable and de-activatable by repeated triggering, includes a respective electrical circuit operatively associated with every region of the surface matrix activatable and de-activatable by the repeated triggering, at least one threshold value switch connected in each of the electrical circuits and having a switching state variable by the triggering for respectively activating and de-activating the region operatively associated therewith.

Abstract: The present invention provides a finisher for a lithographic plateobtained by a DTR process comprising (a) hydrophobizing agent(s) in a total concentration between 0.1 g/l and 10 g/l, (a) surface-active compound(s) and (a) polyglycol(s) or (a) carbohydrate(s), characterized in that said finisher further comprises a non-proteinic hydrophilic film-forming binder selected from the group consisting of dextrin, maltodextrin and dextran in a concentration between 10 and 200 g/l.

Abstract: Long wearing and reusable lithographic printing members are prepared from a ceramic that is a composite of a zirconia alloy and .alpha.-alumina. In use, a surface of the zirconia-alumina composite ceramic printing member is imagewise exposed to electromagnetic radiation which transforms it from a hydrophilic to an oleophilic state or from an oleophilic to a hydrophilic state, thereby creating a lithographic printing surface which is hydrophilic in non-image areas and is oleophilic and thus capable of accepting printing ink in image areas. Such inked areas can then be used to transfer an image to a suitable substrate in lithographic printing. These printing members are directly laser-imageable as well as image erasable.

Abstract: The lithographic affinity characteristics of a material, such as a polymer, are affected--and thereby selectively modulated--through implantation of one or more metallic materials, typically in the form of ions and/or atoms (or molecules). The desired characteristics are achieved by bulk chemical modification of the material rather than by texturing or deposition of a new surface layer. In the case of a polymer system, for example, the metal impregnates the matrix, penetrating to an observable depth without substantial surface accumulation.

Abstract: The invention utilizes ink jet liquid droplets from one or more printer heads to form an image upon the surface of a printing plate corresponding to digital information depicting the image as provided by a digital computer system which is in digital communication with the printer heads. The droplets from the printer head comprise resin forming reactants which polymerize on the plate surface, alone or in combination with reactants precoated on the plate, to form a printable hard resin image. The resin image so formed provides a lithographic printing plate useful for extended print runs.

Abstract: Ink-receptive printing parts formed on a waterless planographic printing plate are formed with toner, and ink-repellent non-printing parts of the same are formed of silicone rubber, so that the printing plate can be produced without using a light exposing device and a developing device. The printing plate using paper as a substrate can be produced at a low cost compared with that using an aluminum printing substrate. The production of the waterless planographic printing plate without use of organic solvent prevents working effectiveness in printing from being deteriorated.

Abstract: A method for preparation of a waterless lithographic printing plate by an electrophotographic process comprising forming a non-fixing toner image on a surface of an electrophotographic light-sensitive element comprising an electrically conductive support having provided thereon a photoconductive layer by an electrophotographic process, providing a non-tacky resin layer having adhesion to the surface of electrophotographic light-sensitive element larger than adhesion between the toner image and the surface of electrophotographic light-sensitive element on the whole surface of electrophotographic light-sensitive element bearing the toner image, and selectively removing the non-tacky resin layer provided on the toner image.

Abstract: An amine compound-containing, but cyanogen-free, desensitizing solution for offset printing, characterized by containing phytic acid (inositol hexaphosphate) and/or a metal and/or ammonium salts of phytic acid, and at least one selected from the group consisting of amine compounds represented by the following general formulae (1) and (2); a carboxylic acid or carboxylate containing (3); an urea (5) and/or an urethane (6) containing (4); an amide compound represented by (8) and/or an imide compound (9), each containing an amino group (7); and a heterocyclic compound at least one nitrogen atom and having an inorganic/organic value of 0.1 to 4.0 inclusive.

Abstract: A system for generating from unimaged plates a plurality of exposed lithographic plates to be provided to a press for use in printing. The system is for use with a film exposer for exposing a negative which includes an identifying code identifying the negative. An exposing station has a first reader for reading the identifying code and has an exposer for exposing a number of unimaged plates to generate an image thereon from the exposed negative. The number of exposed plates corresponds to the identifying code read by the reader. A bending station has a second reader for reading the identifying code on the exposed plates and has an optical punch bender for bending the exposed plates in accordance with information corresponding to the identifying code.

Abstract: An electrocoagulation printing apparatus comprises a positive cylindrical electrode having a central longitudinal axis extending horizontally and a passivated surface defining a positive electrode active surface, the positive electrode being formed of an electrolytically inert metal; a drive mechanism for rotating the positive electrode about the longitudinal axis thereof at a substantially constant speed; a coating device for coating the positive electrode active surface with an olefinic substance and a metal oxide to form on the surface micro-droplets of olefinic substance containing the metal oxide; and a printing head for forming on the olefin and metal oxide-coated positive electrode active surface a plurality of dots of colored, coagulated colloid by electrocoagulation of an electrolytically coagulable colloid in the presence of a coloring agent, the dots of colored, coagulated colloid being representative of a desired image.

Abstract: This invention relates to a desensitizing solution for offset printing which is used for desensitizing an original plate for offset printing. The desensitizing solution of the present invention contains a basic aluminum chloride and/or its derivatives and glucosamine and/or its derivatives. This desensitizing solution can be used in combination with a desensitizing solution for offset printing which consists of phytic acid and its derivatives as the principal components.

Abstract: A method for producing a printing plate which involves forming an image on the surface of a sheet having open cells by selectively applying a thermal exposure to the surface of the sheet. The sheet is a thermoplastic resin preferably having melting point between about 50.degree. to 150.degree. C. The resulting printing plate has a planar surface with no relief sections; instead there are porous and nonporous sections, with the porous sections being permeable to ink infused within the printing plate. A method of printing using the above plate is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a concentrated dampening solution for use in a lithographic printing process having a pH between 3 and 6 and comprising a water-soluble organic solvent, a phosphate salt and a transparent pigment in an amount between 1 g/l and 30 g/l, characterized in that said concentrated dampening solution further contains a total concentration of citrate anions between 0.5 mmole and 25 mmole/l.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for preparing an aluminum foil comprising the steps of roughening and anodizing an aluminum foil, posttreating said roughened and anodized aluminum foil with an aqueous bicarbonate solution and subsequently rinsing said posttreated foil with water characterized in that the temperature of said water ranges from 30.degree. C. to 55.degree. C.

Abstract: The present invention discloses the use of rubber and surfactant to enhance the durability and resolution of on-press developable lithographic printing plates. The rubber is preferably incorporated into a photoresist as discrete particulate rubber. To ensure a uniform and stable dispersion, the rubber is suspended in the photoresist by means of a surfactant having an HLB approximately between 7.0 and 18.0.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improvement of the direct lithographic printing plate making process using ink-jet printing, which provides a printing plate having excellent resolution. Accordingly, the present invention provides an improvement of a process for producing a lithographic printing plate comprising selectively forming a light transmittable oxygen barrier film on a photopolymerizable layer of a photosensitive plate, exposing to light and then removing uncured portion on which the oxygen barrier film is not covered, wherein a protective layer which is capable of transmitting oxygen gas and the light to cure the photopolymerizable layer is formed on the photopolymerizable layer, a photosensitive plate therefor and an aqueous ink composition therefor.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for lithographic printing comprising the following steps:preparing a lithographic printing plate according to the silver salt diffusion transfer process by (1) image-wise exposing an imaging element comprising on a support a photosensitive layer comprising a silver halide emulsion and an image receiving layer containing physical development nuclei in water permeable relationship with said emulsion layer, (2) developing said imaging element in the presence of developing agent(s) and silver halide solvent(s) using an alkaline processing liquid and (3), if said emulsion layer is overlying said image receiving layer, removing the layers overlying said image receiving layer,mounting said lithographic printing plate to a lithographic printing press, andprinting while supplying to said lithographic printing plate a dampening solution and a printing ink characterized in that the dampening solution as used on the printing plate contains less than 1.

Abstract: A method for producing an erasable printing form by making the outer layer of the printing form from a material containing strong micro-dipoles, preferably a ferroelectric material, in particular a ferroelectric ceramic. In wet offset printing, the non-printing areas of the printing form are rendered hydrophilic by a hydrophilizing agent and they are maintained during the entire printing process. Plate cleaners can, for example, be used as the hydrophilizing agents. The printing form can be erased by a nonpolar solvent and can be reused again by rendering the non-printing areas hydrophilic again.

Abstract: A method for producing an erasable printing form by making the outer layer of the printing form from a material containing strong micro-dipoles, preferably a ferroelectric material, in particular a ferroelectric ceramic. In wet offset printing, the non-printing areas of the printing form are rendered hydrophilic by a hydrophilizing agent and they are maintained during the entire printing process. Plate cleaners can, for example, be used as the hydrophilizing agents. The printing form can be erased by a nonpolar solvent and can be reused again by rendering the non-printing areas hydrophilic again.

Abstract: The present invention provides a conversion liquid for converting silver areas of a silver based printing plate into ink repellant areas while rendering background areas of said silver based printing plate ink accepting, said conversion liquid comprising a hydrophobizing compound capable of adsorbing to said hydrophilic background areas and a hydrophilizing compound capable of adsorbing to said silver areas and/or a bleaching compound capable of oxidizing the silver in said silver based printing plate.

Abstract: To compensate for tolerances and variations in tolerances in a recording system in which a thermal transfer foil is passed between a image recording element (3) and a printing form carrier (1), the thermal transfer foil, for example of a polyester base (9), has an intermediate layer (8) applied thereto on which a meltable substance layer (7, 7'), for example on a polyethylene base, is located. The intermediate layer (8) is thermally volume expandable, by including therein either a foaming agent or moisture or other gas which, upon application of heat, causes foaming or the formation of gas or steam bubbles to expand its volume. Tolerances 6 of up to about 1 mm, thus, can be compensated and pressure variations and surface variations between the thermal image recording element (3) and the form carrier (1) are no longer critical.

Abstract: A direct-to-press imaging system for use in lithographic printing wherein a master-image printing cylinder is used with separate application of ink and water onto its surface to enable repetitive conveyance of image-formatted ink films onto substrates for printing purposes. The imaging system includes a master-image printing cylinder adapted for receiving a hydrohilic coating layer on its surface and a device for laying down a uniform layer of hydrophilic material on the surface of this cylinder. An apparatus is also provided for applying oleophilic materials in image-formatted patterns on top of the layer of hydrophilic material on the master-image printing cylinder to form a printing structure having separate hydrohilic and oleophilic areas of the format to be printed.

Abstract: An imaging system (12) for a printing press (10) having an imaging cylinder (44) having an outer surface (46) mobile to movement of charged particles, a device (52) for inducing a charge on the surface of the cylinder (44) of a first polarity, a film (48), a device (50) for passing the film (48) over at least a portion of the outer surface (46) of the imaging cylinder (44), a device (53) for passing charged particles of a second opposite polarity in a pattern through the film (48) onto the outer surface (46) of the imaging cylinder (44), a device (56) for passing a charged particulate material of the second polarity opposite the first polarity onto the film (48) over the pattern information on the cylinder (44) to form an image (80) of the particulate material (58) on the film (48), a device (62) for bonding the particulate material (58) onto the film (48), a print cylinder (36 or 38) having an outer surface (66), and a device (70) for placing a segment of the film (48) over the outer surface (66) of the prin

Abstract: A lithographic printing plate for use on a printing press, with minimal or no additional processing after photoexposure, comprises a printing plate substrate; a photosensitive hydrophilic layer having a polymeric hydrophilic binder and a photopolymerizable, photocrosslinkable or photorearrangeable compound capable of promoting insolubilization or hardening in areas of photoexposure; and a photosensitive hydrophobic layer having a polymeric hydrophobic binder and a photopolymerizable, photocrosslinkable or photorearrangeable compound capable of promoting insolubilization or hardening in areas of photoexposure.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a universal chemical system for offset printing comprising a plate coating, a fountain concentrate solution, an alcohol replacement solution, a roller coating, and a plate wash. The system uses the same types of chemicals throughout to achieve a system compatible throughout. The plate coating comprises deionized water, citric acid, sodium phosphate dibasic, gum arabic, magnesium nitrate solution, glycerine, and propyl alcohol. The fountain concentrate solution contains water, citric acid, sodium citrate, sodium phosphate dibasic, sodium benzoate, gum arabic, glycerine, ethyl hexandiol, and erio green B supra. The alcohol replacement solution contains deionized water, diethylene glycol, propasol P, glycerine, and dowanol PM. The roller coating contains deionized water, citric acid, disodium phosphate, gum arabic, glycerine, and propyl alcohol. The plate wash contains water, citric acid, dowanol EB, dowanol PM, maphos 8135, phosphoric acid, and erio glaucine a supra.

Abstract: Electrophotographic method of obtaining lithographic printing plates comprising the following steps: (i) uniformly electrostatically charging a photoconductor element, (ii) image-wise discharging said photoconductor element, (iii) developing the resulting electrostatic charge pattern with dry toner particles of which more than 90% by volume have an equivalent particle size diameter less than 10 microns and more than 50% by volume have an equivalent particle size diameter less than 7 microns, (iv) electrostatically transferring the developed image to a toner receiving plate, said toner receiving plate comprising a plastic film support that is thermostable to a temperature of at least 140.degree. C. and a crosslinked hydrophilic layer thereon, said layer containing infrared absorbing substances in such an amount that the reflection density of said layer in the visible spectrum is between 0.4 and 1.4, and (v) fixing the transferred toner to said toner receiving plate by infrared radiation fusing.

Abstract: A printing machine for performing flat-bed printing having a printing form with hydrophobic and hydrophilic area thereon corresponding to an image to be printed, and a device for electrochemically converting, respective areas thereof for producing a printing copy from the hydrophobic into the hydrophilic state by means of a current-conduction arrangement, including a fluid applicator for applying a hydrophobic fluid full-surface to a surface of the printing form, and a control device for controlling the current-conduction arrangement for forming appropriate current paths and for electrochemically removing the hydrophobic fluid area-by-area in accordance with the hydrophilic areas required for the image to be printed; and a method of operation thereof.

Abstract: A process of correcting a dry lithographic printing plate which comprises applying to an unwanted area of an ink-accepting area in the dry lithographic printing plate consisting of ink-repellent areas comprising a silicone rubber layer and ink-accepting area, a correcting solution comprising the following components:______________________________________ amount (parts by weight) ______________________________________ (a) Linear organopolysiloxane having three 100 alkoxy groups at both terminal ends (b) Titanium based condensation catalyst 0.1 to 5 (c) Organic solvent. 100 to 5,000 ______________________________________The plate surface retouching solution provides a coating which has a good adhesion to a light-sensitive layer and a good resistance to printing.

Abstract: A method for transferring a viscous substance, including the steps of: providing a viscous substance capable of changing its adhesiveness corresponding to the polarity of a voltage applied thereto; disposing the viscous substance between a first electrode and a second electrode; and applying a voltage to the viscous substance plural times, thereby to reduce the adhesiveness of the viscous substance to the first electrode.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus and method for forming an image includes a recording material which changes its adhesiveness in response to the polarity of the voltage applied thereto. Such a recording material can include negatively or positively changeable or inorganic particles, gas-generating solvents, a substance having a gel or sol state, and a dissociative electrolyte. The recording material is positioned between a pair of electrodes. At least one of the electrodes includes an electroconductive member and a pattern comprising an insulating material disposed on the electroconductive member. A voltage is then applied between the pair of electrodes to attach the recording material to one of the electrodes. Also provided is a pressure applicator for transferring to a transfer-receiving medium the recording material attached to the electrode.

Abstract: A method for supplying a viscous substance includes providing a viscous substance capable of changing its adhesiveness corresponding to the polarity of a voltage to be applied thereto; supplying the viscous substance between a pair of electrodes; and applying a pulse voltage between the pair of electrodes thereby to attach to at least one of the pair of electrodes the viscous substance of which amount corresponds to the effective duration factor of the pulse voltage.