Abstract: Systems and methods may provide for generating and using information about fuel options along a predetermined route. An optimized fuel location server may use information related to the fuel efficiency in a given vehicle and information related to the amount of fuel currently present in a fuel tank associated with the vehicle to determine where along the predetermined route fuel will be required. The optimized fuel location server may also determine where the vehicle should stop for fuel to navigate the route in the lowest cost way possible. The optimized fuel location server may further consider user preferences, such as preferred fuel providers, in determining which fuel option should be used. Finally, the optimized fuel location server may be configured to send notifications (e.g., real-time, etc.) to a user device when the user device is within the vicinity of one or more fuel options.

Abstract: A Tulipalin A-based hydroxyl-functionalized (hf) polymer is synthesized by converting, via a ring opening reaction, poly(Tulipalin A) or poly(Tulipalin A-co-acrylic) in the presence of a nucleophilic monomer and a catalyst. The nucleophilic monomer may be, for example, a nitrogen-containing monomer such as Dimethylamine. The poly(Tulipalin A) or the poly(Tulipalin A-co-acrylic) may be prepared, for example, via free radical polymerization using an initiator such as AIBN. Any suitable free radically copolymerizable monomer, such as N,N-Dimethylmethacrylamide, may be used in the preparation of the poly(Tulipalin A-co-acrylic). In some embodiments, an engineered material is prepared from the Tulipalin A-based hydroxyl-functionalized polymer using hydroxyl groups present therein as synthetic handles through which a plethora of useful properties can be directly engineered into the material.

Abstract: A fire retardant material comprising both ammonium polyphosphate particles microencapsulated within a melamine or melamine-based resin and melamine-based particles retained in a base material. The material may be applied to a textile article or incorporated into an article during formation thereof.

Abstract: A surface coating includes fire retarding and smoke suppressing constituents dispersed throughout an essentially non-toxic, water-based adhesive binder. The coating comprises a mixture of chemical compounds where each constituent falls into one of six functional groups, being: 1) catalyst/initiator; 2) expandable graphite; 3) carbonific, or source of carbon which additionally forms water; 4) blowing agent (a source of non-flammable gases); 5) cement; and, 6) ceramic.

Abstract: A closed-loop system and process is used for applying fire retardant chemicals to fibers. Fibers are preferably positioned in a vessel such as a dye machine which circulates the fire retardant chemicals. After absorption of the fire retardant composition, non-absorbed fire retardant chemicals are recovered and re-used on subsequent batches of fibers. Recovery can be achieved by directing the non-absorbed fire retardant composition into a second dye machine containing additional fibers, or by extracting the fire retardant composition by centrifugation or other means, or by a combination of the two processes. The process is environmentally friendly, and allows for higher throughput on impregnating fibers with fire retardant chemicals.

Abstract: A flame retarding and smoke suppressing additive powder that can be mixed with resins includes a carbonific material, a heat activated blowing agent, a heat activated halogen material, a phosphate material, and an inorganic material. The additive powder, when added to a curable or hardenable resin, forms a mixture where the additive powder is about 20-30%, by weight, of the mixture. The resin can be styrenic, olefinic, acrylic, cellulosic, polyester, or polyamide such as are are commonly used in the manufacture of fiberglass reinforced structures and moldable plastics.

Abstract: A flame retarding and smoke suppressing additive powder that can be mixed with resins includes a carbonific material, a heat activated blowing agent, a heat activated halogen material, a phosphate material, and an inorganic material. The additive powder, when added to a curable or hardenable resin, forms a mixture where the additive powder is about 20-30%, by weight, of the mixture. The resin can be styrenic, olefinic, acrylic, cellulosic, polyester, or polyamide such as are commonly used in the manufacture of fiberglass reinforced structures and moldable plastics.

Abstract: A cellulose-based fire retardant composition is made by (1) adding cellulose to water, thereby forming a solution; (2) adding liquid ammonia to the solution; and (3) subsequently adding solid diammonium phosphate to the solution, thereby forming a viscous cellulose-based fire retardant liquid.

Abstract: An intumescent powder where the molar ratio of SiO2 to Li2O+Na2O+K2O is between 2.20 to 3.70 to 1.00 and the molar ratio of Li2O to Li2O+Na2O+K2O is 0.20 to 0.35 has an intumescent point of 195° C. or higher and thus will not prematurely intumesce if mixed with another material at temperatures below 195° C. The powder as used is usually dried to 8-12% by weight to moisture for most purposes is ground to 50 to −500 microns. Preferred methods of manufacture comprise taking a source of lithium hydroxide or lithium silicate and a source of sodium silicate to create a powder with ratios as outlined above.

Abstract: Improved fire retardants that include guanylurea phosphate [(H2N—C(NH)—NH—C(O)—NH2).H3PO4] (GUP) and boric acid, materials such as wood and composite wood products that include these fire retardants, and methods of making and using same.

Abstract: A flame retardant for flameproof mesh sheets which does not generate halogen gas at the time of combustion and a flameproof mesh sheet comprising the same. Also disclosed is a flame retardant for mesh sheets comprising 1.5 to 15 wt % of red phosphorus and 10 to 70 parts by weight of an ammonium polyphosphate compound based on 100 parts by weight of the solid content of an aqueous solution of a polyolefin resin having a resin solid content of 2.0 to 45 wt % and a flameproof mesh sheet treated with this flame retardant.