Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet. The method comprises: hot rolling a slab to obtain a hot rolled sheet; subjecting the hot rolled sheet to hot band annealing as necessary; subjecting the hot rolled sheet to cold rolling; subjecting the cold rolled sheet to decarburization annealing; applying an annealing separator having MgO as a main component onto a surface of the decarburization annealed sheet and subjecting the decarburization annealed sheet to final annealing to form the forsterite film; and applying an insulating coating treatment liquid onto the final annealed sheet and subjecting the final annealed sheet to flattening annealing to form a tension-applying insulating coating. A difference in total tensions between one and opposite surfaces of the sheet is less than 0.5 MPa. A difference in tensions between the forsterite films in one and opposite surfaces of the sheet is 0.5 MPa or more.

Abstract: A resin composition including a base resin containing polyolefin, and an inorganic filler, wherein the inorganic filler includes: a core part containing Mg(OH)2, and a covering part containing a plurality of MgO particles provided on an outer periphery of the core part, the content of the inorganic filler in the resin composition is 0.1 parts by mass or more and 5 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the base resin; and a volume fraction of Mg(OH)2 in one particle of the inorganic filler is 10% or more and less than 50%.

Abstract: A thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention comprises: (A) 100 parts by weight of a thermoplastic resin comprising (A1) a rubber-modified aromatic vinyl-based graft copolymer, (A2) an aromatic vinyl-based copolymer resin having a flow index of about 5 g/10 min to about 8 g/10 min as measured by the ASTM D 1238 standard, and (A3) an ?-methylstyrene copolymer; and (B) about 0.1 to about 10 parts by weight of zinc oxide, wherein the zinc oxide has a size ratio (B/A) of peak A in the region of 370 nm to 390 nm to peak B in the region of 450 nm to 600 nm of about 0.01 to about 1 in photoluminescence measurement, and has a BET surface area of about 10 m2/g or less as measured by a BET analyzer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a solar cell and a method of manufacturing the same. The solar cell module includes a semiconductor substrate, a first passivation film located on a front surface of the semiconductor substrate, a second passivation film located on a rear surface of the semiconductor substrate, a front electric field region located on the first passivation film on the front surface of the semiconductor substrate and being of a same conductivity-type as that of the semiconductor substrate, an emitter region located on the second passivation film on the rear surface of the semiconductor substrate and being of a conductivity-type opposite that of the semiconductor substrate, first electrodes conductively connected to the front electric field region, and second electrode conductively connected to the emitter region.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an electrical inspection method for solar cells, comprising steps of supplying a voltage and a current to a solar cell for stimulating the solar cell and giving a ray of light; filtering the light to give a ray of light having a predetermined wavelength; and measuring an optical power value of the light having a predetermined wavelength. The electrical inspection method adopts a low-cost apparatus to replace the solar simulators according to the prior art. In addition to saving costly equipment, filter adjustment, and the maintenance fee for replacing lamps, the defect inspection flow for solar cells can be further integrated and hence improving the efficiency.

Abstract: A reaction comprising an organic Zn precursor in the amounts of (1?y), an organic Sn precursor in the amounts of y and a base in the amount of (1?y). The product produced from the reaction is (SnOx)yZnO(1?y).

Abstract: Concentrated storage stable aqueous solutions (S) comprising components (a), (b) and (c), wherein component (a) is at least one optical brightening agent of formula (1), in which the anionic charge on the brightener is balanced by a cationic charge composed of one or more cations selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkali metal cation, alkaline earth metal cation, ammonium, ammonium which is mono-, di- or trisubstituted by a C1-4 linear or branched alkyl radical and ammonium which is mono-, di- or trisubstituted by a C1-4 linear or branched hydroxyalkyl radical, and the concentration of component (a) is 0.08 to 0.

Abstract: A magnesium oxide material includes a magnesium oxide powder treated with a halogen compound and a silane coupling agent. A method of producing a magnesium oxide material includes a step including preparing a magnesium oxide powder, a halogen compound treatment step including subjecting the magnesium oxide powder to a surface treatment with a halogen compound, and a silane coupling agent treatment step including subjecting the magnesium oxide powder to a surface treatment with a silane coupling agent.

Abstract: A composition is disclosed including an oxidizer represented by the formula M1(X1Oy)z, wherein M1 is selected from a Group IA atom, and Group IIA atom, and a Group IIIA atom, X is selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br, I, y is 1-4, and z is 1-3, a fuel, and a hydrated salt or a combination of 2 or more hydrated salts having a dehydration decomposition temperature of greater than 200° C., represented by the formula (M2)k(M3)m(X2)n(X3)o.(H2O)p, where M2 is selected from a Group IA atom, Group IIA atom, Group IIIA atom, M3 is selected from a Group IIA atom, Group IIIA, and a transition atom, X2 is a hydroxyl anion, X3 is a carbonate anion, k, m, n, and o are each independently integers that balance the charges of M2, M3, X2, and X3 and p is a number greater than or equal to 1.

Abstract: A method for treating arthritis of a joint includes identifying a bone lesion in a bone adjacent to the joint; and implanting in the bone a reinforcing member in or adjacent to the bone lesion. A kit for conducting the method includes: (a) at least one reinforcing member having a proximal face adapted to face the joint, a distal face adapted to face away from the joint, and a wedge-shaped edge adapted to pierce bone, wherein the at least one reinforcing member is planar and sterile; and (b) a container adapted to maintain the at least one reinforcing member sterile. Another kit includes: (a) a sterile fluid; (b) a syringe for injecting the fluid into a bone; (c) a curing agent adapted to cure the fluid to polymerize and/or cross-link; and (d) a container adapted to maintain the sterility of contents of the container.

Abstract: Present invention relates to methods of preparing molybdenum oxide inks and molybdenum oxide films, and use of the molybdenum oxide films as hole-transporting layers in optoelectronic devices. The ink for forming a hybrid molybdenum (VI) oxide (MoO3) film on a substrate comprises an ammonium molybdate, at least one inorganic salt different from ammonium molybdate, and a solvent or a solvent mixture.

Abstract: A coating material for a thermal spray coating having corrosion resistance and low reactivity, a preparation method thereof, and a coating method thereof are provided. The coating material for thermal spray coating has a composition of Mg1?xY2xO2x+1 (where x is 0.01 to 0.99).

Abstract: A method comprises: reducing cathode ray tube (CRT) glass waste to a piece size of less than or equal to 2 inches (nominal) in any dimension; mixing a chemical treatment agent comprising a blend of dolomitic lime and fly ash with the CRT glass waste; mixing the mix of the chemical treatment agent and the CRT glass waste with a mixing liquid to form a pre-cured blend; and curing the pre-cured blend to form a treated CRT glass waste. In one implementation, treated CRT glass waste has characteristics facilitating its use as a daily cover material in a landfill.

Abstract: A structural three dimensional nanocomposite with improved mechanical properties is provided. The structural three dimensional nanocomposite includes (a) spherical shaped nanoparticles, (b) a matrix, and (c) an inter phase structure. The matrix may be selected from at least one of (a) polymer matrix, and (b) a nano metal matrix. The spherical shaped nanoparticles are reinforced with the matrix. The spherical shaped nanoparticles are uniformly distributed throughout the matrix. The inter phase structure transfers stress from the matrix to obtain the spherical shaped nanoparticles with improved mechanical properties. The structural three dimensional nanocomposite have high and equal mechanical strength in three dimensions when the structural three dimensional nanocomposite is at least one of (a) volume compressive stress condition, and (b) volume expansive stress condition.

Abstract: In one aspect, there is provided a method for preparing a biocompatible coated substrate. The method generally includes: depositing nucleation amorphous calcium phosphate sites on at least a portion of an outer surface of a substrate by: exposing at least the portion of the outer surface to a mixture having a favorable Ca/P molar ratio, and irradiating with microwave energy; and, stabilizing the deposited nucleation amorphous calcium phosphate sites on the portion of the outer surface. In another aspect, there is provided herein a method for preparing a biocompatible coated substrate.

Abstract: A sizing composition for paper, characterised in that the sizing composition comprises (a) at least one optical brightener of formula (1), (b) a magnesium salt; and (c) a binding agent, which is selected from the group consisting of native starch, enzymatically modified starch and chemically modified starch; 0.1 to 15 parts of component (b) being present per part of component (a).

Abstract: A treatment solution for an insulation coating of grain-oriented electrical steel sheets includes at least one selected from phosphates of Mg, Ca, Ba, Sr, Zn, Al and Mn; colloidal silica in a proportion of 0.5 to 10 mol in terms of SiO2; and a water-soluble vanadium compound in a proportion of 0.1 to 2.0 mol in terms of V, relative to PO4:1 mol in the phosphates.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to mixed salts of optical brighteners of formula (1), wherein M represents a mixture of Mg2+ with another cation, which provide for superior optical brightening effects when applied to the surface of paper.

Abstract: A method for the coating of a substrate in which a starting material (P) is sprayed onto the substrate in the form of a process jet by means of plasma spraying, with the starting material (P) being injected into a plasma which defocuses the process jet and being melted partly or completely into a liquid phase there at a low process pressure which is at most 20,000 Pa, wherein a gas flow for the process jet is set such that the substrate is coated by deposition from the liquid phase in at least one region which is located in the geometric shadow with respect to the process jet.

Abstract: The present invention related to a silicon based coating suitable for being applied onto metallic surfaces of a household appliance. The coating of the present invention protects the metallic surfaces of the household appliance against the yellowing or changes in color, through temperatures, among other factors, and eases the cleaning of the same.

Abstract: A coated article is described. The coated article includes a substrate, a magnesium oxide-alumina compound layer formed on the substrate, and an anti-fingerprint layer formed on the magnesium oxide-alumina compound layer. The anti-fingerprint layer is a layer of magnesium-aluminum-oxygen-fluorine having the chemical formula of MgAlOxFy, wherein 0<x<2.5, 0<y<5. A method for making the coated article is also described.

Abstract: UV resistant inorganic coatings which exhibit photochemical activity that destroys toxic biological and chemical agents are disclosed. The inorganic coatings include semiconductor metal oxide nanoparticles that are photo-chemically active dispersed in an inorganic binder. In one embodiment, anatase titanium dioxide nanoparticles are dispersed in a silicon dioxide or silicate binder. Applications may include spacecraft, aircraft, ships, military vehicles, high value equipment and buildings such as subway stations, hospitals, railroad stations and stadiums.

Abstract: A roofing granule can include a material including a transition metal carbonate; a mixed metal carbonate, wherein at least one metal within the mixed metal carbonate includes a transition metal; a first metal carbonate and a second metal compound, wherein the first and second metals are different metal elements; a third metal carbonate and silica; or any combination thereof. A process of forming a roofing granule can include providing a base particle having pores, and infiltrating a fluid into the pores of the base particle, wherein the fluid includes a carbonate. The process can further include reacting the carbonate with a metal compound within the base particle to form a metal carbonate, wherein the roofing granule comprises a material that includes the metal carbonate.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a transparent or semi-transparent coating prepared from coating mixture containing conventional coating components mixed with a coating slurry containing dispersed inorganic nano-particles in a content of 1-70 w-% of the slurry. Further, the invention concerns a manufacturing process of such a coating, as well as a manufacturing process of said coating slurry.

Abstract: Disclosed is a substrate with an abrasion resistant and scratch-resistant coating that has a low index of refraction and comprises magnesium fluoride and at least one metal oxide or semimetal oxide. The coating can be obtained by applying a coating composition containing magnesium fluoride or a precursor thereof and at least one metal oxide or semimetal oxide, or a precursor thereof onto a substrate and then subjecting the same to a thermal treatment.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a liquid for an oxide thin film is provided, which includes mixing at least two kinds of dispersoids selected from the group consisting of a Zinc compound, an Indium compound, a Gallium compound, a Tin compound and a Thallium compound, with dispersion media corresponding to the selected dispersoids to form a dispersion system, and stirring and aging the dispersion system at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time, wherein a molar ratio of the Zinc compound to each of the Indium compound, Gallium compound, Tin compound and Thallium compound is 1:0.1 to 1:2. According to the present invention, the liquid for the oxide thin film may be fabricated by a sol-gel method making it capable of being implemented in mass production in a simple and low-cost manner as opposed to the conventional vacuum deposition method.

Abstract: A transition metal oxide insulator composition having a tuned band gap includes a transition metal oxide having a perovskite or a perovskite-like crystalline structure. The transition metal oxide includes at least one first element selected from the group of Bi, Ca, Ba, Sr, Li, Na, Mg, K, Pb, and Pr; and at least one second element selected from the group of Ti, Al, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, and Pt. At least one correlated insulator is integrated into the crystalline structure, including REMO3, wherein RE is at least one Rare Earth element, and wherein M is at least one element selected from the group of Co, V, Cr, Ni, Mn, and Fe. The composition is characterized by a band gap of less than 4.5 eV.

Abstract: A water-resistant calcium sulphate based body comprises a matrix of crystalline calcium sulphate anhydrite, crystals of the matrix being connected to one another by water-resistant phosphate bonding zones, optionally also containing aluminium. The body can be produced by impregnating a porous calcium sulphate with a source of phosphate ions (optionally containing aluminium), and then calcining. Alternatively, a paste comprising calcium sulphate and a source of phosphate ions (optionally containing aluminium) is heated or compressed to form a ‘green body’ and then calcined to produce the body.

Abstract: An inorganic silicate-substituted calcium phosphate hydroxyapatite, useful as a biomaterial, has a Ca/P molar ratio in the range 2.05 to 2.55 and a Ca/(P+Si) molar ratio less than 1.66. The hydroxyapatite can be substantially free of carbonate ions. The material has relatively high solubility and is able to release silicon into solution.

Abstract: An inkjet printable media comprises a paper base containing a surface coating comprising calcium chloride and a synergistic amount of a sulfate salt. When the printable media is printed with an inkjet ink containing a black pigment, a KOD value of the printed media is equal to or greater than that of a comparative inkjet printed media comprising up to 12 kg calcium chloride/T media and lacking the sulfate salt.

Abstract: An aqueous inorganic zinc-rich coating composition employs zinc powder and a vehicle containing an aqueous solution containing a specific alkali silicate, an ammonium ion, and a halide ion at specific concentrations; a vehicle containing an aqueous solution containing the above ingredients at specific concentrations and additionally an alkali halide at a specific concentration; or a vehicle containing an aqueous solution containing a specific alkali silicate and an alkali halide at specific concentrations, wherein the vehicle and zinc powder are contained at a specific ratio.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an electroconductive thick film paste composition comprising Ag and a Pb-free bismuth-tellurium-oxide both dispersed in an organic medium. The present invention is further directed to an electrode formed from the paste composition and a semiconductor device and, in particular, a solar cell comprising such an electrode. The present invention is also directed to the bismuth-tellurium oxide that is a component of thick film pastes.

Abstract: A multistage method for treatment of composite metal structures containing metallic surfaces of aluminum, zinc and optionally iron, is provide wherein in a first step, selective zinc phosphating of zinc and ferrous surfaces proceeds using a phosphating solution containing a quantity of water-soluble inorganic silicon compounds sufficient to suppress white spot formation on zinc, but less than the quantity where zinc phosphating loses selectivity. In a following second step, aluminum surfaces are passivated with an acidic treatment solution. Also provided is a zinc phosphating solution suitable for said method containing at least 0.025 g/l, but less than 1 g/l of silicon as water-soluble inorganic compounds calculated as SiF6, wherein the product (Si/mM)·(F/mM) of the concentration of silicon [Si in mM] in the form of water-soluble inorganic compounds and the concentration of free fluoride [F in mM] divided by the free acid point number is no greater than 5.

Abstract: Provided are methods and compositions pertaining to coatings (e.g., paints) for covering a substrate. In some aspects and embodiments the coatings may include a heat reflective metal oxide pigment that, applied to an external surface of a building (or applied on a substrate used for an external surface of a building) reduces energy consumption in the building. In other aspects and embodiments, provided are textured coatings having a texturing material; e.g., methods and compositions are provided pertaining to textured coatings that can be applied robotically or in an automated fashion. In various aspects and embodiments, textured coatings are provided that include a texturing material and a heat reflective metal oxide pigment. In some aspects and embodiments coatings are provided that include pumice texturing materials (e.g., pumice having particle sizes of greater than 150 microns).

Abstract: An oxide material including gallium, zinc and oxygen, a ratio of the number of atoms of zinc to the number of atoms of gallium (number of atoms of zinc/number of atoms of gallium) being from about 0.01 to about 0.6 and a ratio of the number of atoms of oxygen to the sum of the number of atoms of gallium and the number of atoms of zinc (number of atoms of oxygen/(number of atoms of gallium+number of atoms of zinc)) being from about 1.0 to about 1.6, is disclosed. An electrophotographic photoreceptor including a layer which includes the oxide material is also disclosed. An electrophotographic photoreceptor including a substrate; and a photosensitive layer including gallium, oxygen and zinc is also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a primer composition for wood comprising a waterborne composition comprising polyamine and having a pH of at least 11.5 and a method of improving the bonding of wood with coatings such as electrostatic coatings, and adhesives using the primer.

Abstract: An article for use in aggressive environments is presented. In one embodiment, the article comprises a substrate and a self-sealing and substantially hermetic sealing layer comprising an alkaline-earth aluminosilicate disposed over the bondcoat. The substrate may be any high-temperature material, including, for instance, silicon-bearing ceramics and ceramic matrix composites.

Abstract: A ZnO vapor deposition material for formation of a transparent conductive film or the like consists mainly of a porous ZnO sintered body containing one or more first additive elements selected from Ce, La, Y, Pr, Nd, Pm, and Sm, and second additive elements selected from Al, Ga, Sc, and B. The content of the first additive elements is higher than the content of the second additive elements. The content of the first additive elements is in a range of 0.1 to 14.9% by mass, and the content of the second additive elements is in a range of 0.1 to 10% by mass. The sintered body has a porosity of 3 to 50%.

Abstract: Embodiments include a method, mixture, and system for increasing a friction coefficient of a surface or increasing or maintaining traction of an object on the surface. In one embodiment, the mixture comprises pulverized lime, fine sand, granite fines, gypsum, and expanded perlite. The mixture may optionally further comprise dye. In an embodiment, the method comprises mixing pulverized lime, fine sand, granite fines, and gypsum with one another to form a first mixture; and mixing expanded perlite with the first mixture to provide a product mixture for increasing the friction coefficient of the surface or increasing or maintaining traction of an object on the surface. In some embodiments, the expanded perlite may be mixed with dye prior to mixing the expanded perlite with the first mixture.

Abstract: A glaze composition which makes it possible that a base material for an inorganic calcined substance containing a lot of vitreous material is glazed without having corrosion. The glaze composition comprises a plastic material, a non-plastic material, and a solvent material, wherein the plastic material comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of Gairome clay, Kibushi clay, kaolin and talc; the non-plastic material comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of silica, calcined kaolin, pottery stone, pyrophyllite, pottery shards, chamotte and zircon; and the solvent material comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of feldspar, lime stone, dolomite, zinc oxide and lithium carbonate.

Abstract: Filler pigments based on platelet-shaped substrates, which are coated with barium sulfate and at least two metal oxides and/or metal hydroxides are highly suitable as filler pigments especially for cosmetic formulations.

Abstract: Magnesium hydroxide particles having a particle size of less than 200 nm and corrosion resisting properties are disclosed. Also disclosed are suspensions and powders that include the corrosion resisting particles. Coating compositions that include the corrosion resisting particles such that the coating composition can exhibit corrosion resistance properties, and substrates at least partially coated with a coating deposited from such a composition and multi-component composite coatings, wherein at least one coating layer is deposited from such a coating composition, are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a surface treatment composition for paper, board or other fibrous webs. The composition of the invention comprises particles which comprise an active material and a supporting material. The active material comprises a salt or a multivalent metal, such as a divalent or trivalent metal. In accordance with the invention, the supporting material is adapted to release the active material from the particles when subjected to heat and/or pressure and/or a change in pH. Consequently, the active material's adverse effects on the rheology of the composition are avoided while its desired effects on the surface characteristics are retained or enhanced.

Abstract: A joint filler composition may include 100 parts by mass of a base material, 1 to 20 parts by mass of inorganic hollow particles, and 3 to 20 parts by mass of a mineral having a chain structure or a layer structure.

Abstract: A film capable of emitting far infrared rays is composed of a surface layer and a carbonic layer coating the surface layer. The carbonic layer includes carbon of at least 60 wt %. When the film is applied to the human skin, the temperature of the skin can be heightened and the blood circulation can be enhanced, so the absorbability of the active ingredients in the film by the human skin can be enhanced. Beside, the film can resist ultraviolet rays to prevent the skin from ultraviolet injury.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing hydromagnesite in an aqueous environment. The invention further relates to such hydromagnesite having a specific platy-like morphology in combination with a specific average particle size and to their use as minerals, fillers and pigments in the paper, paint, rubber and plastics industries and to the use as flame-retardant.

Abstract: An exhaust pipe paint includes an inorganic particle, at least one of an inorganic binder and an inorganic binder precursor, and an inorganic glass particle. The inorganic glass particle includes a low-melting glass having a softening temperature lower than a softening temperature of the inorganic binder. The low-melting glass includes at least one of soda-lime glass, alkali-free glass, borosilicate glass, potash glass, lead crystal glass, barium glass, boron glass, strontium glass, alumina silica glass, soda zinc glass, and soda barium glass.

Abstract: Disclosed are an antimicrobial coating and a product comprising the same. Also disclosed are processes for preparing the antimicrobial coating and the metal product comprising the coating.

Abstract: The invention relates to a protective coating, having the chemical composition CaSibBdNeOgHlMem, wherein Me is at least one metal of the group consisting of {Al, Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, W, Y, Sc, La, Ce, Nd, Pm, Sm, Pr, Mg, Ni, Co, Fe, Mn}, with a+b+d+e+g+l+m=1. According to the invention, the following conditions are satisfied: 0.45?a?0.98, 0.01?b?0.40, 0.01?d?0.30, 0?e?0.35, 0?g?0.20, 0?1?0.35, 0?m?0.20. The invention relates also to a coated member having a protective coating, as well as to a method for producing a protective coating, in particular a multilayer film for a member.

Abstract: A ZnO vapor deposition material for formation of a transparent conductive film or the like consists mainly of a porous ZnO sintered body containing one or more first additive elements selected from Ce, La, Y, Pr, Nd, Pm, and Sm, and second additive elements selected from Al, Ga, Sc, and B. The content of the first additive elements is higher than the content of the second additive elements. The content of the first additive elements is in a range of 0.1 to 14.9% by mass, and the content of the second additive elements is in a range of 0.1 to 10% by mass. The sintered body has a porosity of 3 to 50%.