Abstract: A process, system, and apparatus for effectively and economically producing fermentable sugars from cellulosic feedstocks is described. The economic viability of using wood and/or agricultural waste, containing large fractions of cellulose and hemicellulose is highly dependent on the method used for hydrolysis. Underlying the gist of this invention are newly discovered methods, means, and techniques by which both the pentosans and hexosans comprising the hemicellulose fraction of the selected feedstock and the hexosans comprising the cellulose fraction of the selected feedstock can be quickly and efficiently converted in a single pass through a single device to fermentable sugars containing minimal quantities of degradation products known to inhibit fermentation.

Abstract: A method for preparing a perpendicularly magnetizable material usable on magnetic recording media comprises the steps of: dissolving at least one member of the group consisting of strontium chloride and strontium nitrate with at least one member of the group consisting of iron chloride and iron nitrate in distilled water; adding citric acid to the resultant solution; controlling the pH of the solution to a range sufficient to completely dissociate the citric acid; heating the resultant solution with stirring to yield a gelatinous precursor; and subjecting the precursor to a temperature sufficiently high to remove the organic constituents thereof, which is characterized by controlling the pH of the solution to gelate the solution without the use of ethylene glycol, and can provide a perpendicularly magnetizable material superior in magnetic and particle properties.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing a magnetic coating composition with use of magnetic particles containing carbon or magnetic particles consisting primarily of an iron carbide, the process being characterized in that the process includes the step of pre-kneading the magnetic particles with an organic solvent.

Abstract: Sandwich-type capacitive electronic discs having thin conductive layers are prepared by adding a thermally processed conductive molding composition comprising a thermoplastic resin, conductive carbon black particles and suitable additives to a suitable solvent to form a dispersion of the conductive carbon black in a solution of the remaining ingredients. The dispersion is filtered to remove impurities larger than a predetermined particle size and coated onto a core disc. The coating is dried to form a conductive layer which is embossed with the desired information.

Abstract: Described are coating compositions having improved anti-static properties and particularly magnetic coating compositions suitable for magnetic recording media. The compositions comprise at least one film-forming synthetic resin and, based on coating solids, from about 0.2 to about 10% of an alkali, alkaline earth, ammonium or amine salt of a perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acid or carboxylic acid.

Abstract: A stable, non-agglomerating, magnetic recording coating ink, for use in coating a flexible non-magnetic substrate, is made by a two-step process which first mixes finely divided chromium dioxide particles with water and a polymeric surfactant/dispersant agent which has as its major functionality in a side chain, carboxylic acid, as a free acid, ester or amide thereof, and of a relatively low number average molecular weight in the range 500 to 20,000. Only after the particles are dispersed in this slurry is water-based polyurethane binder added to the slurry, as the second step in the process, to form the final ink.

Abstract: A felt mat having a pictorial image on the fibers thereof, which image is formed from sublimating disperse dyes. An X-cut is formed in the center of the mat to enable the mat to be placed on a phonograph turntable, with the spindle passing through the X-cut. As optional features, the mat is coated with an antistatic agent and has strobe markings on the surface thereof. The strobe markings are also formed from sublimating disperse dyes. The mat can be sold separately or can be packaged with a phonograph record. If packaged with the phonograph record, the mat will be visible in the package, and can contain a photograph of the recording artist and his name or the title of the record or album.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of manufacturing an improved pigment of FeOOH particles. The starting material is an acidic or alkaline aqueous dispersion of FeOOH particles which has been manufactured according to known methods. According to the invention, a water-soluble ammonium salt, which is derived from a low-molecular weight, weakly acidic organic acid and which volatilizes either as such or after decomposition not greater than 450.degree. C., is added to the aqueous dispersion. As a result of the addition of the ammonium salt, the FeOOH pigment flocculates. It is then separated and washed with water which preferably is also provided with the ammonium salt. According to a further embodiment of the invention the resulting pigment which, after drying, has a very low salt content, is converted into an Fe pigment or a .gamma. Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 pigment which also has a very low salt content. A magnetic recording element which is based on the Fe or .gamma. -Fe.sub.2 O.sub.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium which comprises a base material and a magnetic layer provided on its surface, said magnetic layer comprising metallic magnetic particles, a binder and a salt of lanolin fatty acid wherein the oxidation resistance of the metallic magnetic particles is highly improved and the metallic magnetic particles are in a good dispersion state so that the magnetic recording medium shows an increased maximum magnetic flux density is disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a magnetic recording medium, in particular a magnetic tape. It has been found that the addition of a silane compound containing a chlorinated hydrocarbon group, to the coating of a magnetic recording medium considerably improves the mechanical and electromagnetic properties thereof. A particularly suitable silane compound is .alpha.-chloropropyltrimethoxy silane.

Abstract: An improved foundry facing sand is disclosed. The foundry facing sand comprises silica sand admixed therewith, in percent by weight of the silica sand, from about 0.8 to about 2 percent of a cellulose binder, from about 2 to about 6 percent of foundry clay, from about 3.5 to about 7 percent water, from about 1 to about 2.2 percent core oil, from about 0.3 to about 0.5 percent of a release agent-lubricant, and from about 0 to about 20 percent silica flour. The use of such foundry facing sand in green sand molds improves the quality and finish of finished castings and also does not detrimentally affect the permeability of system sand.

Abstract: A method of making a disc record molding composition by compounding a copolymer of vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate and a homopolymer of vinyl chloride, with carbon black, a resin stabilizer, a resin plasticizer, an antistatic agent and a mold release agent in a series of blending steps which include successive increases in temperature, that results in a product capable of taking an unusually high signal density per unit of groove wall area.