Abstract: A fiber cement composite material that incorporates a blend of bleached and unbleached cellulose fibers as a partial or complete substitute for premium grade cellulose pulp is provided. Bleached standard grade cellulose fibers are used in conjunction with unbleached, standard grade cellulose fibers to provide a fiber cement composite product having substantially equal or even superior flexibility and strength as an equivalent fiber cement composite material reinforced by premium grade, unbleached cellulose fibers. A synergistic combination of bleached and unbleached standard grade cellulose fibers to produce a composite material with the desired properties previously achievable only through the use of premium grade cellulose pulp.

Abstract: A water-retainable molding is formed by mixing and hardening cement, fiber bundles and fiber masses, and includes first pores inside the fiber bundles, second pores between fiber bundles and a cement gel, third pores inside the fiber masses, fourth pores between the adjacent fiber masses, and fifth pores due to discharge of water content and air inside a platelike block. The first, second and fifth pores are employed as a capillary portion, the third pores are employed as a water-retaining portion, and the fourth pores are employed as a water communicating opening portion. When water is supplied to the surface, the water is absorbed from the fourth pores as well as the first, second and fifth pores, and is retained in the third pores. Furthermore, when the temperature rises, the water content is supplied from the third pores to the surface through the first, second and fifth pores so as to be evaporated and to control the temperature of the molding.

Abstract: A ductile ultra-high performance concrete which includes in relative parts by weight: 100 of Portland cement; 50 to 200 of a sand having a single grading with a D1O to D90 between 0.063 and 5 mm, or a mixture of sands, the finest sand having a D1O to D90 between 0.063 and 1 mm and the coarsest sand having a D1O to D90 between 1 and 5 mm; 0 to 70 of a particulate pozzolanic or non-pozzolanic material or a mixture thereof having a mean particle size less than 15 ?m; 0.1 to 10 of a water-reducing superplasticizer; 10 to 30 of water; and 0.5 to 5% by volume relative to the volume of the hardened composition of glass fibres having an aspect ratio of 6 to 120.

Abstract: Compositions for fabricating architectural works wherein the compositions utilize one or more cement materials, additives, fibers and recycled glass. Exemplary cement materials include Portland cement, calcium aluminate, fly ash and/or E glass. Exemplary additives include boric acid, citric acid, lithium, plasticizer and/or methylcellulose ethers. Exemplary fibers include polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and/or micro-fibers. Crushed recycled glass is used as an aggregate or non-reactive material. Other ingredients may be used including: sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and hydrated lime to alter the PH; ferrous sulfate, mono-potassium phosphate, or manganese carbonate and magnesium sulfate as color enhancements; and/or pozzolans (Vcas) to neutralize the ASR efflorescence.

Abstract: A substantially white powder for use as a filler and/or extender derived from by-products of manufacturing vitreous low alkali, low iron glass fibers, and a method for producing the powder. The filler has very low alkalinity and by virtue of its being essentially free of crystalline silica is non-hazardous to health and therefore safe for consumer-based and industrial-based uses.

Abstract: The method for recycling construction and demolition fines involves using mixed fines from construction and demolition debris that would otherwise be disposed of at landfills as an ingredient in cement or concrete. The mixed fines contain a plurality of materials selected from the group consisting of asphalt, plastics, ceramics, fiberglass and batt insulation, soil, dust, drywall, wood, plaster, paper, cardboard, dirt. The fines may also contain particles of recyclable materials, such as concrete, bricks, mortar, metals, glass, and the like. The fines may range in size from microns up to 6 inches in at least one direction. The recycler may incorporate the fines into a concrete mix for bulk sale to commercial enterprises, or may himself form precast, lightweight concrete products, such as decorative columns, pedestals and table bases, trim moldings and cornices, door surrounds, etc.

Abstract: A clay plaster formulation and application. The clay plaster is a mixture of various clays, and aggregate. This plaster is both functional and decorative and is for use on new and existing construction.

Abstract: Concrete structures and components with improved strength and toughness. A uniform mix of first constituents comprises: cement of Blaine fineness of 280-360 m2/kg; sand at a mass ratio of 0.75-1.25 of the cement; silica fume at a mass ratio of 0.15-0.4 of the cement; silica flour at a mass ratio of 0.15-0.3 of the cement; and microinclusions at a mass ratio up to 0.35 of the cement. This is then mixed with a blend of second constituents comprising a specified amount of an HRWRA and an amount of water at a mass ratio of 0.2-0.35 of the cement. This is mixed sufficiently to form a uniform cement-based paste to which an amount of macrofibers at a mass ratio of up to 0.35 of the cement is added to yield a uniform product. Nanoinclusions may be added to improve crack resistance and increase density.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method for preparing materials containing binder systems derived from amorphous silica and bases as well as the materials prepared by the method. Relative to known methods, the present invention allows for a continuous production of material as the two components of the binder are brought onto into contact where the binder system is to be applied. The product achieved by the invention has a broad range of applications, such as for construction materials, insulating materials, fire proof materials, reinforcement materials etc. The present invention also relates to a method for preparing materials containing binder systems derived from amorphous inorganic material and bases as well as the materials prepared by the method.

Abstract: Reinforcing fibers with small particles having a longest average dimension of approximately 0.01 nanometer to approximately 30 micrometers physically and/or chemically bonded directly to their surfaces to form protuberances thereon and a method and system for making these modified fibers are disclosed. The particles directly bonded to the surfaces of the fibers, serve to enhance physical properties of composite articles which incorporate such fibers as reinforcement.

Abstract: The process is described for the dry mixing of fibers of different types and sizes with materials formulated with cementants or agglutinant components, granular aggregates and able to include or otherwise other additional ingredients. The principal characteristics of the process are to ensure a correct incorporation of the fibers with the rest of the materials, increase the mechanical fastening of same with the rest of the components and facilitate the use of formulas with high fiber content (over-fibration).

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention comprise a method of making a construction board (also known as wallboard) and a device for making same. The resulting construction board is formed by mixing of at least magnesium oxide, magnesium chloride, and a binding agent into a slurry, adding particulized solid material while funneling the slurry, and extruding the slurry comprising the particulized solid material.

Abstract: A substantially alkaline resistant calcium-iron-phosphate (CFP) glass and methods of making and using thereof. In one application, the CFP glass is drawn into a fiber and dispersed in cement to produce glass fiber reinforced concrete (GFRC) articles having the high compressive strength of concrete with the high impact, flexural and tensile strength associated with glass fibers.

Abstract: A fibre-reinforced concrete mix with a high resistance to corrosion and a low volume weight, having higher mechanical strength values than those of a standard concrete and a lower volume weight. The inventive concrete is different from those currently available owing to the formulation, mix and novel mechanical behaviour of its constituents. In addition, the concrete has a longer service life than other concretes due to its resistance to chemical attack and corrosion.

Abstract: Compositions are provided for increasing the electrical conductivity of concrete or controlled low-strength materials (flowable fill). One composition sets to produce a concrete and includes portland cement, water, aggregate, and particulate matter including a sorbent and a contaminant absorbed, adsorbed or entrapped by the sorbent. The sorbent may be activated carbon, and the contaminant may be mercury or a compound containing mercury. Another composition is a self-compacting, cementitious flowable fill composition that includes portland cement, water, and particulate matter including a sorbent and a contaminant absorbed, adsorbed or entrapped by the sorbent. The sorbent may activated carbon, and the contaminant may be mercury or a compound containing mercury. The compositions may also include carbon fibers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to subterranean well cementing operations, and more particularly, to cement compositions that include high aspect ratio materials, and methods for using such cement compositions in subterranean formations. An example of a method of the present invention is a method of cementing in a subterranean formation. An example of a composition of the present invention is a cement composition for use in a subterranean formation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to subterranean well cementing operations, and more particularly, to cement compositions that include high aspect ratio materials, and methods for using such cement compositions in subterranean formations. An example of a method of the present invention is a method of cementing in a subterranean formation. An example of a composition of the present invention is a cement composition for use in a subterranean formation.

Abstract: Wallboards, as well as other building materials, are produced by methods which use significantly reduced embodied energy, generating far less greenhouse gases when compared with the energy used to fabricate gypsum wallboard. A novel cementitious core, consisting in one embodiment of post-industrial waste such as slag and combined with pH modifiers, provides a controlled exothermic reaction to create a gypsum-wallboard-like core which can be wrapped in a selected material such as recycled paper and manufactured on a conveyor system to appear, weigh and handle similar to gypsum wallboard, but without the large amounts of energy required to make gypsum wallboard. The manufacturing process results in lower greenhouse gas emissions than the processes used to make gypsum wallboard.

Abstract: Ceramic precursor compositions and chemically bonded ceramic (CBC) materials, especially Ca-based, and a composite biomaterial suitable for orthopaedic applications. The CBC-system includes a binding phase (chemical cement) and additional phases with specified chemistry imparting to the biomaterial the ability of initial strength followed by interaction with the body tissue including body liquid, to form a resorbable or partly resorbable biomaterial. The ceramic precursor composition includes at least one silicate with Ca as the main cation with a resorption rate less or equal to that of the bone in-growth rate. The silicate will form the binding phase of the cured material. Implants and surface coated devices are also disclosed. The cured material exhibits a compressive strength exceeding 100 MPa.

Abstract: A clay plaster formulation and application. The clay plaster is a mixture of various clays, and aggregate. This plaster is both functional and decorative and is for use on new and existing construction.

Abstract: A device is provided for use at temperatures above 1000° C. or in steel melts. The device has a body based on sand, high temperature-resistant hollow balls and/or high temperature-resistant hollow fibers and contains water glass and a cement.

Abstract: A lightweight concrete composition containing from 10 to 90 volume percent of a cement composition, from 10 to 90 volume percent of particles having an average particle diameter of from 0.2 mm to 8 mm, a bulk density of from 0.03 g/cc to 0.64 g/cc, an aspect ratio of from 1 to 3, and from 0 to 50 volume percent of aggregate; where the sum of components used does not exceed 100 volume percent, and where after the lightweight concrete composition is set it has a compressive strength of at least 1700 psi as tested according to ASTM C39 after seven days. The concrete composition can be used to make concrete masonry units, construction panels, road beds and other articles.

Abstract: Chrysotile or chrysotile-containing serpentinite containing chrysotile is treated to convert the chrysotile contained therein into a non-asbestos material, so that the non-asbestos material is used as a material that can be recycled safely and is effective from the view point of environmental protection. [Means for Solving Problems] A curable composition characterized by containing at least a porous fibrous amorphous silica obtained by decomposing chrysotile or chrysotile-containing serpentinite with acid to substantially eliminate an influence of asbestos on living body, and a reinforcing fiber. The curable composition preferably contains a surfactant and a thickener and/or a filler and/or a colorant or an air-hardening material and/or water-hardening material and a thickener.

Abstract: A kit for preparing a hardenable cementitious composition includes a pre-proportioned cementitious material component and at least one pre-formulated and pre-proportioned liquid additive component, wherein the cementitious material and liquid components are mixed with together to prepare a cementitious material that possesses end application properties. Also disclosed is a method for preparing a hardenable cementitious composition using the kit and a method for repairing a flas in a cementitious structure using the hardenable cementitious composition.

Abstract: Gypsum products and method for the preparation thereof are disclosed. The gypsum products comprise an interlocking matrix of set gypsum that is formed from a composition comprising calcined gypsum, water and acoustical tile.

Abstract: A composition comprising cellulose ether, a superplasticizer and defoamer suitable for use as an additive in extruding inorganic compositions is disclosed. The inventive composition functions as a water retention agent, plasticizer and lubricant in the extrusion of inorganic compositions. The use of the inventive composition in the extrusion of building materials leads to improved processing properties, to a higher surface quality and product properties of the extruded article.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cement mortar composition and concrete composition and particularly, it provides a cement mortar composition comprising 100 parts by weight of cements, 100 to 300 parts by weight of glass beads, and 50 to 200 parts by weight of blending water and a concrete composition comprising the cement composition and aggregates. The cement mortar composition and concrete composition of the invention have excellent fluidity with the use of a small amount of blending water so that they can promptly migrate in the direction of gravity in a mold complicated with steel rods and other wires, prevent material separation and remove bubbles present inner or outer areas due to superior filling performance, can remarkably improve waterproof property of mortar (or concrete) and prevent their degradation.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a cementitious composite includes: (1) forming mixing an extrudable cementitious composition by first forming a fibrous mixture comprising fibers, water and a rheology modifying agent and then adding hydraulic cement; (2) extruding the extrudable cementitious composition into a green extrudate, wherein the green extrudate is characterized by being form-stable and retaining substantially a predefined cross-sectional shape; (3) removing a portion of the water by evaporation to reduce density and increase porosity; and (4) causing or allowing the hydraulic cement to hydrate to form the cementitious composite. Such a process yields a cementitious composite that is suitable for use as a wood substitute. The wood-like building products can be sawed, nailed and screwed like ordinary wood.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fiber-reinforced cement based or cementitious material, and process for making, where the reinforcing fiber is a chemically treated cellulose or non-cellulose fiber. The fiber reinforced cementitious material includes (i) cement, (ii) optionally, sand, aggregate, or sand and aggregate, and (iii) chemically treated fibers having a polyvalent cation content of from about 0.1 weight percent to about 5.0 weight percent based on the dry weight of the treated fibers. The present invention further provides for a fiber reinforced cementitious material having a weak acid content of from about 0.5 weight percent to about 10 weight percent based on the dry weight of the treated fibers.

Abstract: A water and flame resistant dry mix stucco is disclosed. The dry mix stucco includes water and flame resistant materials as an integral part of the mixture. The dry mix stucco is combined with water and applied to structures.

Abstract: A dry mix particulate composition of a calcined oxide of Mg and/or Ca, an acid phosphate, and fly ash or equivalent, wherein the calcined oxide is present in the range of from about 17% to about 40% by weight and the acid phosphate is present in the range of from about 29% to about 52% by weight and the fly ash or equivalent is present in the range of from about 24% to about 39% by weight when sand is added to the dry mix, it is present in the range of from about 39% to about 61% by weight of the combined dry mix and sand. A method of forming a structural member is also disclosed wherein an aqueous slurry of about 8–12 pounds of water is added to dry mix and sand.

Abstract: Cementitious compositions having high compressive strength and high flexibility. An efficient method of making such strong cementitious compositions entails pre-mixing cement additives that can easily be added to a mixture of cement, silica, fibers and water. The cementitious compositions can be used to make strong, thin layers, such as tiles, that are relatively lightweight, as well as heavy structures, such as roads and bridges, without additional reinforcement.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a thickened aqueous solution, or gel solution, for use in providing fiber to a cement composition. Additionally, the present invention relates to a method for adding fibers to cement.

Abstract: Cementitious compositions having high compressive strength and high flexibility. An efficient method of making such strong cementitious compositions entails pre-mixing cement additives that can easily be added to a mixture of cement, silica, fibers and water. The cementitious compositions can be used to make strong, thin layers, such as tiles, that are relatively lightweight, as well as heavy structures, such as roads and bridges, without additional reinforcement.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fibrous construct which is used in providing cementitious mixtures supplemental and reinforcing strength upon setting, and more particularly, to a unitized fibrous construct which comprises a plurality of oriented reinforcing fibrous components, wherein the fibrous components can be cut to a predetermined and finite cut length upon formation and remain in a plural parallel form until such point the unitized fibrous substrate is incorporated and subjected to mechanical agitation during preparation of a cementitious blend or mixture.

Abstract: A method of preparing construction material systems is described. The process includes extruding a composition of construction materials and an irreversibly crosslinked cellulose derivative that is prepared by a particular process.

Abstract: Self-repairing, fiber reinforced matrix materials include a matrix material including inorganic as well as organic matrices. Disposed within the matrix are hollow fibers having a selectively releasable modifying agent contained therein. The hollow fibers may be inorganic or organic and of any desired length, wall thickness or cross-sectional configuration. The modifying agent is selected from materials capable of beneficially modifying the matrix fiber composite after curing. The modifying agents are selectively released into the surrounding matrix in use in response to a predetermined stimulus be it internal or externally applied. The hollow fibers may be closed off or even coated to provide a way to keep the modifying agent in the fibers until the appropriate time for selective release occurs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fiber-reinforced cement based or cementitious material, and process for making, where the reinforcing fiber is a chemically treated cellulose or non-cellulose fiber. The fiber reinforced cementitious material includes (i) cement, (ii) optionally, sand, aggregate, or sand and aggregate, and (iii) chemically treated fibers having a polyvalent cation content of from about 0.1 weight percent to about 5.0 weight percent based on the dry weight of the treated fibers. The present invention further provides for a fiber reinforced cementitious material having a weak acid content of from about 0.5 weight percent to about 10 weight percent based on the dry weight of the treated fibers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions comprising the reaction product of amorphous silica or ultra-fine silica and one or more bases. The present invention also relates to materials and method involving the use of such products. In particular, the present invention i.a. relates to new mineral wool products, e.g. products comprising man-made vitreous fibres (such as glass fibres, slag fibres, stone fibres and rock fibres) or perlite, having included therein a binder component which comprises amorphous silica and aklali metal organosiliconates, e.g. potassium methyl siliconate. An important feature of such products is the preparation of the binder systems under vigorous mixing. Such products provide good fire, heat and sound insulating properties. The present invention also provides to a method for removing odorous substances from a gas where materials prepared from ultra-fine silica, water, and one or more components enabling porosity-conferring binding of the material, e.g. a base or bases.

Abstract: A cement repair composition is provided for repairing thin concrete. The composition comprises, in weight percentages: fine aggregates, 50-80%; Portland cement, 10-20%; reinforcing fibers such as polyethylene, steel and fiberglass fibers, 0-5%; and a plurality of further additives. The additives preferably include a lithium admixture, an air entraining admixture and a water reducing chemical additive, and a shrinkage compensating chemical additive, in a combined weight percentage of 0.01 to 5%.

Abstract: A construction product made from an extrudable composition formed into various shapes for use in deck-building systems and other applications is disclosed. The extrudable composition prepared from polyethylene polymeric compounds, such as HDPE, and mixed with a mineral such as fiberglass, mineral wool or sand, along with a pigment, has sufficient strength and other advantageous properties to be useful for those construction applications.

Abstract: A method of producing a water resistant fibre-cement product. The water repelling agent can be added or applied to the fibre-cement or indeed the material forming the fibre cement at a number of different stages in the process. The resultant material has increased water impermeability over conventional fibre-cement products.

Abstract: A sprayable composition and a method of protecting material with the composition is disclosed. The composition comprises a bulking/setting material, a water soluble polymer and water to provide a cover layer which, after spraying, is tough, flexible and water-repellent. Other materials such as clay, fibrous material, a foam producing agent and a hardening retarder can be included in the composition. The composition is effective as a cover layer over material such as soil, refuse at a dump site, stockpiled material, a temporary cover for remediation sites, or tire piles.

Abstract: A white pozzolan derived from by-products of manufacturing vitreous low alkali, low iron glass fibers, and to the method for producing the white pozzolan. The invention relates as well to cement compositions based on the white pozzolan, such as white and pigmented blended pozzolanic cements of high durability for use in applications such as white or colored architectural concrete, building materials, and manufactured cementitious products. The white pozzolan also functions as a high performance pozzolan with grey cement.

Abstract: Fiber reinforced aerated concrete compositions and methods of forming structural units such as blocks, panels, etc., from such compositions are disclosed. The compositions comprise a fly ash/cement slurry with a coated Al paste serving as the activator to generate the desired cellular structure. The composition can be self cured at ambient temperature and pressure without the need for ovens or autoclaves. The cured compositions can be easily cut into the desired shape by a band saw or the like.

Abstract: Natural fiber-containing cement compositions for cementing wellbores in high stress and high temperature environments. The cement compositions may contain natural mineral fiber materials such as wollastonite in an amount of greater than about 10% and in an amount selected to be effective to achieve ratios of flexural strength to compressive strength of cured cement that are greater than about 0.35 at downhole temperatures of greater than about 180° F.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing an aqueous polymer dispersion comprising an emulsion polymer a polymer composed of at least 5% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid, dicarboxylic acid or dicarboxylic anhydride (acid polymer SP for short), and an alkoxysilane of the formula SiR1R2R3R4 in which the groups R1 to R4 independently of one another are each an organic radical with the proviso that at least one of the groups is an alkoxy group, which comprises preparing said emulsion polymer by emulsion polymerization in the presence of at least some of the alkoxysilane.

Abstract: A building product incorporating synthetic microspheres having a low alkali metal oxide content is provided. The synthetic microspheres are substantially chemically inert and thus a suitable replacement for natural cenospheres, particularly in caustic environments such as cementitious mixtures. The building product can have a cementitious matrix such as a fiber cement product. The synthetic microspheres can be incorporated as a low density additive and/or a filler for the building product and/or the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fiber-reinforced cement based or cementitious material, and process for making, where the reinforcing fiber is a chemically treated cellulose or non-cellulose fiber. The fiber reinforced cementitious material includes (i) cement, (ii) optionally, sand, aggregate, or sand and aggregate, and (iii) chemically treated fibers having a polyvalent cation content of from about 0.1 weight percent to about 5.0 weight percent based on the dry weight of the treated fibers. The present invention further provides for a fiber reinforced cementitious material having a weak acid content of from about 0.5 weight percent to about 10 weight percent based on the dry weight of the treated fibers.

Abstract: A concrete composition and a method for forming a simulated stone product such as granite or marble uses a mixture of cement, sand, water, latex, silicate and a superplasticizer, the mixture being poured in a mold wherein at least one surface is of a smooth water impervious material and is preferably coated with a release agent, the poured product then having a controlled moisture release rate. The simulated stone product can be formed in any different configuration desired and is characterized by having a high gloss reading.