Abstract: An operational support device sets an execution time of overfiring serving as an operation of a power generation facility at an output higher than a rated output. The device includes a life index value acquisition unit that acquires a life index value at a start time, the life index value being an index indicating a life of the power generation facility and changing in value in one direction with the output of the power generation facility; an output pattern setting unit that sets an output pattern per unit time of the power generation facility from the start time to a stop time based on the life index value such that the life index value reaches a predetermined value; and an overfiring setting unit that sets, based on the output pattern, a time in a period from the start to the stop time at which the overfiring is to be performed.

Abstract: A motor controller for a blower in a gas-burning appliance. The motor controller includes a processor configured to receive a measured pressure differential measured by a sensor disposed in an airflow generated by the blower. The processor is configured to compute a motor speed based on the measured pressure differential and a pressure differential set-point for the gas-burning appliance. The processor is configured to operate the blower at the motor speed to drive the measured pressure differential toward the pressure differential set-point.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described related to a premix combustion system used in a furnace system. Prior systems have to create a negative pressure in the premix chamber to draw gas into the chamber. Embodiments under the current disclosure can use an amplifier that is pneumatically coupled to an air supply and a secondary location (besides the gas valve). Coupling to the amplifier to a location apart from the gas valve allows the system to avoid a negative pressure in the mixing chamber. The amplifier can apply an amplified pressure or signal to a gas valve regulator and thereby raise the gas pressure so that the gas supply is driven into the premix chamber.

Abstract: A method for drying biomass fuel using waste heat of flue gas from a power plant. The method includes: 1) stepwise recovering, by multi-stage condensation, sensible heat of flue gas; stepwise heating air using the sensible heat, to yield first-stage dry air and second-stage dry air; 2) convectively drying and dehydrating biomass fuel using the first-stage dry air having a temperature of between 150 and 180° C.; 3) further convectively drying and dehydrating the biomass fuel using the second-stage dry air having a temperature of between 80 and 100° C.; and 4) drying and dehydrating the biomass fuel using the third-stage dry air having a temperature of less than or equal to 25° C.

Abstract: A combine including a frame, power unit and a crop gathering and processing device. A grain tank is mounted on the frame. An elongated closed end tube is vertically oriented within the grain tank and has a plurality of uniformly spaced openings along its length. A pneumatic pump pressurizes the interior of the tube. A pressure sensor senses the interior pressure of the elongated tube, so that grain building up therein selectively covers the plurality of openings to cause a proportionate increase in air pressure.

Abstract: A damper for a storage compartment closure includes a bellows chamber and damper air passage structures each configured to provide an air volume intake during a bellows chamber extension that is less than an air volume expulsion during a bellows chamber compression. One damper air venting structure is a valve having a translatable lid including an aperture defined therethrough. A bellows chamber air pressure differential maintains the translatable lid in a closed configuration during the bellows chamber extension and in an open configuration during the bellows chamber compression. Another damper air venting structure is at least one bellows chamber vent including a cover configured whereby a bellows chamber extension incrementally transitions the cover to a closed configuration.

Abstract: Provided herein are embodiments of a multistage gas furnace, a controller therefor and a computer-usable medium having non-transitory computer readable instructions stored thereon for execution by a processor to perform a method for operating a gas furnace. In one embodiment, the gas furnace includes: (1) a burner, (2) a circulation fan and (3) a furnace controller. The furnace controller having: (3A) an interface configured to receive heating calls and a blower control signal, the blower control signal corresponding to an operating speed of the circulation fan and (3B) a processor configured to respond to the heating calls and the blower control signal by setting and adjusting a gas input rate for the burner that is based on the blower control signal and that corresponds to a discharge air temperature determined by a dedicated discharge air sensor associated with the furnace.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a boiler system that includes an oxyfuel boiler in which a stream of oxygen and a fuel are combusted to generate a stream of flue gas. A flue gas condenser condenses the cleaned flue gas. A flue gas compression unit produces a stream of pressurized carbon dioxide rich flue gas. A pressure control system measures and controls the pressure after the flue gas conditioning system to a predetermined set value. A flow control system measures and controls the flow after the flue gas compression unit to a predetermined set value. The present disclosure further relates to a method of operating such a boiler system for an oxy-fuel process as well as to a power plant comprising such a system.

Abstract: In a burner for highly caking coal in which a solid fuel channel that is attached penetrating through a surrounding wall of a gasifier for gasifying a highly caking solid fuel that has been pulverized into particles and that supplies the solid fuel into the gasifier by gas flow transportation, and a gasifying agent channel that supplies a gasifying agent into the gasifier are provided, a blockage detection unit that detects a blockage situation of the solid fuel channel is provided, and a process for reducing the temperature of the solid fuel is performed when the blockage detection unit detects a predetermined blockage situation.

Abstract: A fluidized bed gasification furnace includes a control device that identifies a defective fluidization spot of a fluidized bed based on distribution of temperatures detected by a plurality of temperature sensors, temporarily increases an amount of supplied combustion gas to air boxes located below the identified defective fluidization spot, and increases a speed of discharge of noncombustibles and a fluidization medium discharged by an extruder.

Abstract: A burner has a combustion head, an ignition device, a fuel delivery/regulating device, a combustion air delivery/regulating device, a safe operation monitoring device, and an electronic control device. The combustion air delivery/regulating device has an air flap mechanism controlled by an air flap actuator, and an inverter for controlling the rotation speed of a blower motor, and has a displacement sensor, linked with the air flap actuator and for controlling the output frequency of the inverter. A program controller of the electronic control device instructs the air flap actuator to control the opening position of the air flap mechanism according to the requirements of a combustion load. The inverter regulates, according to a signal with respect to the opening position of the air flap mechanism and detected by the displacement sensor, the frequency output to the blower motor so as to control the rotation speed of the blower motor.

Abstract: A solid fuel burner and a combustion device using the solid fuel burner includes: a throat provided to the outer periphery of a fuel nozzle and injecting combustion gas into a furnace; a duct for delivering the combustion gas to the throat, the duct being provided with an inlet opening into which the gas is introduced from a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the nozzle and having a flow path formed so as to be bent at a right angle in the direction of the central axis of the nozzle; a damper provided in the duct; and a differential pressure detection device for detecting the difference between the pressure of the combustion gas flowing through the upstream portion of the duct and the pressure of the combustion gas flowing through the downstream portion of the duct. The damper is provided near and downstream of the inlet opening of the duct.

Abstract: Burner control systems and methods of operating a burner are for a large boiler such as might be used in hospitals, hotels, offices or other large commercial or domestic premises.

Abstract: A system is provided that includes a combustion system having a plurality of jets; a spatial monitoring system with a plurality of sensors disposed in a spatial grid within or downstream from the combustion system; and a control system configured to adjust a forcing frequency of at least one fluid jet in the plurality of fluid jets in response to sensor feedback from the spatial monitoring system.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a heat transfer tube monitoring apparatus for use in a heat exchanger including multiple-stage heat transfer tube bundles spaced apart from each other in a flow direction of flue gas includes a differential pressure detecting unit used for detecting a differential pressure between upstream and downstream for each of the heat transfer tube bundles. With this configuration, an abnormal heat transfer tube bundle can be specified.

Abstract: Disclosed is an air-fuel ratio control boiler using a air pressure sensor and method for controlling the air-fuel ratio thereof. The boiler is comprised of a fan, the air pressure sensor, a air pressure sensor voltage measurement unit, a air pressure sensor voltage compensation unit, and a controller, and previously compensates for noise factors caused by deviation (error) of a component property, a constituent, of the air pressure sensor so as to be matched to initial reference voltage prior to operating the fan, thereby maximizing the effectiveness of the air-fuel ratio. Further, the boiler makes it possible not only to exert an optimal fuel efficiency effect due to the maximization of combustion efficiency, but also to minimize discharge of harmful gases, thereby preventing environmental pollution in advance, and thus improving the reliability of products.

Abstract: A method of combustion for pulverized hydrocarbonaceous fuel includes the steps of injecting an air/fuel stream into a burner, causing a low-pressure zone; directing a flow of a high-temperature combustion gas from a combustion chamber into the low-pressure zone in the burner; mixing the high-temperature combustion gas with the injected air/fuel stream to heat the injected air/fuel stream, and injecting the heated air/fuel stream from the burner to the combustion chamber, wherein the air/fuel stream is rapidly devolatilized and combusted in a flame that has a high temperature; sensing a combustion parameter; and based on the sensed combustion parameter, controlling combustion to achieve at least one of a desired NOx reduction and a desired distance from the burner to a flame front.

Abstract: An incombustible withdrawing system withdraws an incombustible from a fluidized-bed furnace having a fluidized bed formed therein by a fluidized medium. The incombustible withdrawing system has a mixture delivery path to deliver a mixture of the fluidized medium and the incombustible from a bottom of the fluidized-bed furnace. The incombustible withdrawing system also has a fluidized-bed separating chamber disposed downstream of the mixture delivery path to fluidize the mixture by a fluidizing gas and to separate the mixture into a first separated mixture and a second separated mixture. The incombustible withdrawing system includes a return passage to return the first separated mixture to the fluidized-bed furnace, and an incombustible discharge passage to discharge the second separated mixture to an exterior of the fluidized-bed furnace.

Abstract: A system, method and apparatus for pyrolyzing are disclosed. The system, method and apparatus can include a plurality of chambers which may be loaded with material to be pyrolyzed. The material may then be pyrolyzed to produce a gaseous fuel and any remaining material in any of the plurality of chambers may be removed. The gaseous fuel may be sent to an afterburner where other elements may be added to generate heated gas having a predetermined temperature. The heated gas may be used in any of a variety of devices, such as a heat exchanger or a dryer, and may be used for any of a variety of reasons, such as the generation of heat.

Abstract: A variable orifice valve for balancing the flow of particulate coal in an airstream relative to other parallel conduits. The valve comprises a section of conduit which changes in area along its flow axis and a variable position valve element mounted within the conduit section. The valve element has a shape which proximates that of the conduit section and is movable axially to vary the annular area of the flow path around the valve element. There is no valve seat and, therefore, the valve is always open to some degree.

Abstract: A device for discharging dust from a dry dust collector of a blast furnace includes a dust discharge vent located downstream of a dust discharge opening of the dry dust collector. A fully enclosed dust conveying system is located downstream of the dust discharge valve and provides mechanized transport of the dust discharged through the discharge valve. A control system is utilized to control the opening of the dust discharge valve in relation to the residual conveying capacity of the dust conveying system.

Abstract: A novel method of combustion air control for multiple burner furnaces, whereas a pressure transducer is located in the air piping downstream of each zone air flow control device. The pressure transducer sends a feedback signal to a pressure control loop that is in a logical cascade from the furnace temperature control loop. The pressure control loop repositions the air flow control device to compensate for changes in both downstream and upstream conditions. Output from the temperature control loop is interpreted by the pressure control loop as a changing remote set-point value. In one embodiment, the system is ideally suited to compensate for the pressure drop changes that occur across a zone air flow control valve, when flow rate changes occur as burners are started or stopped, thus providing a substantially higher turndown ratio and better control at low fire settings.

Abstract: A conveyor/cooler of hot loose materials produced by fluid bed boilers and various industrial processes includes one or more feeding channels, which are substantially vertical or at any inclination. Because of gravity, the material leaves the combustion chamber of the boiler. A metallic container is connected to the downstream end of the discharging channels. A metallic conveyor belt driven by a motor is placed within the container, and the material from the downstream end of the channels is laid on the conveyor belt, thus forming a travelling continuous bed. The belt therefore constitutes a regenerative heat exchanger which absorbs heat from the material during the forward run and gives it back to the air during the backward run.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided to control the burning of a lean hydrocarbon containing gas stream under stable conditions using a combination of control logic and hardware. Temperature within the combustor is controlled by using a plurality of staging valves that adjust the amount of oxygen and auxiliary fuel supplied to the combustor burner. Oxygen level is controlled by using actuated butterfly valves that control the flow of primary air to the combustor. The system has pressure control valves for anticipating and compensating for pressure changes and resulting air flow changes as well as temperature monitors and transmitters for anticipating and correcting temperature drops.

Abstract: A ventless, combustible waste reduction process and apparatus which can utilize any type of combustion means for disposing of hazardous, as well as non-hazardous, burnable waste. Such wastes include toxic combustible liquids, oil slurries, soils contaminated with dioxin, PCBs, creosote, or any other potentially harmful or toxic combustible material. In particular, the present invention relates to a ventless, combustible waste reduction process in which the operating pressure is slightly below atmospheric pressure and which employs no venting or stack discharge of pollutants whatsoever. The entire flue gas stream is scrubbed, enriched with oxygen and recycled to the combustion chamber in varying amounts in response to pressure and temperature measurements taken in the combustion chamber to maintain the pressure and temperature in the combustion chamber within pre-selected ranges.

Abstract: A control system for a fuel-fired furnace and more specifically the control of the stoichiometric ratio of the combustion process occurring within the furnace of a steam generating power plant. The control system, when so employed, is capable of regulating the distribution of air flow to the combustion process such that the formation of oxides of nitrogen are maintained at acceptable levels. The control system includes in general a stoichiometric subsystem that determines the mass flow rate of air required to maintain the stoichiometric ratio within the combustion process; an override protection subsystem which ensures control precedence of the windbox-to-furnace pressure differential over the stoichiometry subsystem; and an overfire air subsystem that acts to apportion air flow amongst the various levels of overfire air within the boiler.

Abstract: A low-temperature carbonization/combustion process is carried out in a low-temperature carbonization/combustion plant with pressure control that includes a pyrolysis drum to which waste is delivered. Low-temperature carbonization gas generated there is passed to a combustion chamber. Flue gas produced there is fed through a cooling device and a gas compressor to a stack. With the aid of a control device, the speed of rotation of the gas compressor is controlled in relation to the pressure in the gas path between the pyrolysis drum and the gas compressor in such a way that when the pressure decreases, the speed of rotation is decreased. Preferably, an additional gas compressor is connected in series with the gas compressor and the speed of rotation of the additional gas compressor is appropriately controlled. An additional pyrolysis drum can also be provided.

Abstract: A fluidized-bed incineration system is disclosed wherein complete combustion of fluctuating furnace charge is achieved through the use of an invented system that includes a feedback control apparatus to regulate the variable quantities of air required for treating fluctuating volumes of products of combustion processes; the combustion control is triggered by a feedback apparatus incorporating the computed measurements of radiative energy or furnace pressure in combination with dynamic oxygen measurements.

Abstract: In a fluidized bed incinerator for burning matter to be incinerated charged into a furance by causing fluidization of a fluidizing medium with the assistance of air fed from the lower portion of a fluidized bed, a combustion control method is arranged such that: the combustion rate of matter for incineration in the furnace is detected by a combustion rate detecting means, and, when the combustion rate exceeds a predetermined level the amount of air fed from the lower portion of the fluidized bed is reduced; and, simultaneously, the amount of air blown into a space above the fluidized bed is increased so as to control and maintain the combustion rate of the matter to be burnt in the furnace at the predetermined level and to suppress fluctuations in the amount of combustion air, the amount of exhaust gas, the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas and the amount of gas remaining unburnt or the like.

Abstract: The wall (5) of a tube (2) for delivering pulverized fuel to the outlet (4) of an oxy-fuel burner (1) forms part of a chamber (6) which is pressurized or evacuated. The pressure in the chamber is continuously monitored. If the pressure in the chamber (6) changes in a way indicative that the wall (5) of the oxy-fuel burner (1) has failed the oxy-fuel burner (1) is automatically shut down.

Abstract: An improvement in a chemical recovery process in which a hot liquid smelt is introduced into a dissolving tank containing a pool of green liquor. The improvement comprises preventing smelt explosions in the dissolving tank by maintaining a first selected superatmospheric pressure in the tank during normal operation of the furnace; sensing the pressure in the tank; and further impinging a high velocity stream of steam upon the stream of smelt whenever the pressure in the tank decreases below a second selected superatmospheric pressure which is lower than said first pressure.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling the speed of a combustion blower motor includes first means for generating an output signal representative of a differential pressure. A second means provides a second signal representative of a desired airflow output of the blower and a summation circuit receives the first signal and the second signal and generates a command signal in response thereto. A power output circuit receives the command signal and responsively provides a regulated level of power to the motor for controlling the speed thereof. The first means may be embodied as a diaphragm-type differential pressure transmitter while the second means may be embodied as an adjustable voltage source or as a source which provides an output signal representative of a temperature.

Abstract: A fuel burner 2 for burning a fuel such as pulverized coal carried by a fluid, particularly air, has an inner passage for the particulate fuel-carrier medium and an outer passage for a combustion-supporting gas (typically oxygen-enriched air or pure oxygen). The inner passage typically terminates in a nozzle having an orifice therethrough. The inner passage 12 is surrounded by a jacket containing a pressurized fluid. A pressure sensor senses the pressure in the jacket. In the event that abrasive wear of the inner passage causes holes to be formed therein, fluid will pass from the jacket into the inner passage causing a pressure drop in the jacket which is sensed by the pressure sensor. The burner may then be shut down without any hazard having been caused by contact between the pulverized coal and pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air. The burner may also be used for the autogenous oxidation or thermal cracking of chemicals.

Abstract: To prevent the tube to a pressure measuring means from being blocked by solid material mobile in a pressure container, a small part of the clean pressure medium from a source of such medium is injected into the tube so that the tube is continuously purged with clean pressure medium. By locating the pressure medium input at a suitable position along the tube relative to the pressure measuring means, the desired purging of the tube is obtained without appreciably increasing the pressure in the tube, and thus minimizing possible errors in measurement of the pressure. If, for example, pressure medium is passed into a pressurized combustion chamber through a surrounding pressurized container, and the tube to the pressure-measuring means passes through said surrounding pressurized container, the clean pressure medium can be bled into the tube through a hole bored in the side of the tube within the pressurized container.

Abstract: A method and control apparatus for the safe and effective ultimate disposal of spent biocidal gases such as alkylene oxides after their use in a reactor, including hopsital-type gaseous sterilizers, to reduce the concentration of viable organisms present as contaminants in articles treated in the reactor. The disposal is carried out in a manner to prevent air contaminating release of objectionable material into the atmosphere. The process includes the steps of pumping the biocidal gas from the reactor, delivering the gas to a combustion chamber fitted with a flue gas stack, and igniting and burning the gas in the combustion chamber in the presence of and aided by an added auxiliary combustible fuel augmented by a supply of air. Safety devices such as temperature controls and sensors, flame sensors, flash arrestors, and automatic shut off valves minimize potential hazards.

Abstract: A fuel stream comprising a combustible pulverized material entrained in a carrier gas is formed and subsequently injected into a blast furnace with the hot blast air without any detrimental effect on the hot air blast and with minimum energy consumption. The volume flow rate and pressure of the carrier gas are controlled as functions of the furnace pressure and the pulverized material feed rate is simultaneously controlled as a function of the carrier gas pressure drop.