Abstract: A plant for the incineration of waste, primarily from retreading shops, with the simultaneous use of the energy content of said waste for steam regeneration to operation and heating. The rubber waste is dosed in an amount dependent on the heat need of the shop with a screw to a grinder where it is ground down into small particles which, mixed with air, are blown into a furnace mounted onto the bottom of a steam boiler. By means of the blowing into the furnace as well as the blowing of flue gas at high temperature in the boiler taking place tangentially, a long period of stay for the burning particles is obtained, thus obtaining a total incineration. The outgoing flue gas is purified prior to release in the usual manner. The furnace is provided with an oil burner, which, in the event of a low energy need in the plant, has sole responsibility for steam regeneration over the oil system and control equipment.

Abstract: An apparatus for supplying stationary small- to medium-sized heating plant with flowable solid fuel such as coal dust or coal breeze has a vacuum conveyor running from a fuel storage container of the apparatus to the heating plant for transporting the fuel from the container to the boiler. The blower of the conveyor has an aspiration port joined up with the container. The container has flexible walls of textile material and has an air blow-off line and a filter sheet for separating the coal dust from any coal dust-air mixture produced. This design makes it possible for the heating plant to be run automatically with the least leakage of dust and volatile substances out into the air.

Abstract: Sludge is dried in a dryer and burned in a furnace, the dryer being heated by heat from the furnace using a heat exchanger so that contaminants from furnace hot gas do not pass into the dryer. Gas given off from the dryer is in part mixed with fresh air and circulated back to the dryer, and is in part delivered to the furnace for combustion, being first cooled to reduce its moisture content. Gas from the furnace is also treated to remove solids, and is cooled. Water used as coolant is heated by the gases and used for anaerobic digestion of sludge, producing gas for combustion in the furnace. Dry sludge from the dryer is broken up and mixed with wet sludge entering the dryer to obtain desired sludge grain sizes.

Abstract: A system for the comminution of coal, slurry formation and feed of the coal slurry to a fluidized bed reactor.

Abstract: The invention objective a Individual Bagasse Drier that realizes a system of utilization of the chimney gases, to decrease the moisture of the bagasse left from the mill in 10 or 15 points, increasing the steam production between 13.5% to 15.45% respectively.It consists of a drier for each furnace, and consumes 54% of the power installed per ton of dry bagasse, in relation to the existing systems in the market.

Abstract: A method of operating a waste disposal system for the thermal conversion of municipal and industrial solid wastes into essentially pollution free products of combustion is disclosed. The waste disposal system includes a building enclosure having an interior storage area for accumulating combustible refuse, and an incinerator for thermally oxidizing the refuse. In a preferred embodiment, the incinerator includes a combustion chamber which is maintained at a reduced pressure level relative to the pressure of the surrounding atmosphere. This subatmospheric pressure arrangement produces a positive flow of air into the chamber as it is loaded thereby permitting loading during combustion virtually without risk of injury to personnel or damage to surrounding combustible material.

Abstract: A method for drying sludge which may contain combustible vapors in a manner to positively prevent fires and explosions within the sludge dryer and the associated sludge-drying piping. The method provides for a substantial reduction of the oxygen content of the sludge-drying vapors by deviating a part of the sludge-drying vapor stream from the principal vapor circuit and passing it as secondary combustion air into the combustion chamber which generates hot gases for drying the sludge. Furthermore, a portion of the hot effluents from the combustion chamber is deviated from the sludge-drying circuit and is used to heat the sludge-drying vapors whereafter it is vented to the atmosphere. In a variant of the invention, an acid scrubber is provided to remove hydrochloric acid. A number of embodiments is presented.

Abstract: The preferred embodiment of the invention disclosed herein includes apparatus for and steps of separating glass, metal and other generally non-combustible material from refuse to provide a volume of generally combustible refuse, shredding this volume of combustible refuse into relatively small particles, mixing these particles with primary combustion air and conveying the resultant mixture of air and particles into a combustion chamber. The combustion chamber is preheated by auxiliary heating means to a temperature sufficient to cause the mixture to be self-igniting in the combustion chamber. Secondary combustion air is fed to the combustion chamber at spaced-apart points within the chamber for assuring a complete combustion process.

Abstract: An integrated fuel preparation and incinerator system and method for utilizing organic solid and semi-solid waste materials as a primary boiler fuel is provided. The organic waste fuel materials are refined to allow for improved combustion efficiency. Combinations of the organic fuel wastes with inorganic wastes are first dried to attain maximum thermal potential; and thereafter, special dry precombustion processing allows for the removal of undesirable inorganics, thereby reducing the adverse physical and chemical effects upon the process hardware.The organic waste fuels are further refined during drying to a constant moisture which enhances combustion flame stability and organic fuel burnout efficiency.

Abstract: A system including conduit connected to a source of solid waste, a shredder for particlizing solid waste, an igniter for igniting particlized waste, a gas burner for initially heating the liner of the igniter to a temperature above ignition temperatures for the waste, and an air duct for transporting burning particles of waste along a vortexing path extending downwardly through the igniter, then through an agitating conduit, within which the burning particles are maintained in suspension and are finally introduced upwardly into a particle trap within which combustion of ignited particles is completed. A by-products recovery system is connected with the trap for collecting ash, for subsequent usage, and for recovering heat to be returned to the gin.

Abstract: A system for disposing of sewage sludge by treating the sludge in apparatus which processes the sludge through relatively inert gas drying and grinding stages and utilized as much of the dried and ground sludge as is needed to produce heat for maintaining the drying process in the system once the system has become substantially self sufficient on use of the sludge as the drying heat source. The remaining excess sludge is then in a form either granular or fine suitable for direct sale.

Abstract: A waste disposal system for the thermal conversion of municipal and industrial solid wastes into essentially pollution free products of combustion is disclosed. The waste disposal system includes a building enclosure having an interior storage area for accumulating combustible refuse, and an incinerator for thermally oxidizing the refuse. In a preferred embodiment, the incinerator includes a combustion chamber which is maintained at a reduced pressure level relative to the pressure of the surrounding atmosphere. This subatomspheric pressure arrangement produces a positive flow of air into the chamber as it is loaded thereby permitting loading during combustion virtually without risk of injury to personnel or damage to surrounding combustible material. In another preferred embodiment, the incinerator includes a primary combustion chamber which is maintained in an excess air condition as combustion occurs, and a secondary combustion chamber into which an auxiliary source of fuel such as natural gas is injected.

Abstract: A system for the combustion of moist ligneous and other wastes, such as sawdust and compacted household rubbish in order to generate heat. The system includes a crusher-extractor to divide the waste matter entrained in an air stream to produce a fuel mixture that is fed into one input of an exchanger-separator whose output supplies a pyrolytic burner coupled to a boiler. The hot fumes from the boiler are fed back into the other input of the exchanger-separator which serves to mix fresh divided waste with residue or unburned waste extracted from the fumes, and to separate the waste material to be consumed in the burner from the hot gas and moisture.

Abstract: Waste such as combustible trash and prime garbage is mixed with rubber tires and shredded together to produce a compacted and combustible output product which can be used as a fuel or be incinerated for further compacting.The process involves interengaging rotary feeder-cutter wheels mounted on counterrotating shafts to pull materials through a feed path while shredding with the aid of shredder blades interspersed between the wheels. Feeding, mixing and conveying techniques through one or more shredder stages provide for attainment of high speed feed rates and handling of some degree solid debris such as steel belts in tires.

Abstract: Disclosed is a portable waste disposal system that is designed primarily for use in marine craft, mobile homes, campers or the like. The system comprises a macerator unit for converting excrement to a liquified effluent, and an incinerator unit for incinerating the effluent. The macerator unit comprises a holding tank which receives the waste material from a toilet. When the level of the excrement within the holding tank reaches a predetermined level, and maintains that level for a predetermined period of time, the system is activated and the excrement from the holding tank is macerated by a macerator and provided to a feed compartment. A circulation pump then pumps the macerated effluent from the feed compartment through a circulation line to the incineration unit.

Abstract: Solid particles comprising combustible matter (e.g. coal) associated with or contaminated by inert matter (e.g. ash, rock) is segregated in a segregation zone into low density/small size and high density/large size fractions. The low density/small size fractions are passed to a utilization zone for conversion of the combustible matter. The high density/large size fractions are size reduced (e.g. by grinding) and either returned to the segregation zone, or passed at least in part, directly to the utilization zone. The conversion of the combustion matter proceeds more efficiently as a result. The segregation zone may operate by fluidized size/density segregation and in the utilization zone, the combustible matter may be at least partially combusted, preferably in a fluidized bed.

Abstract: A fluidized bed, particulate collector system wherein, in one embodiment, the bed particles have applied thereto at the surface thereof, an additive that serves to adhere particulate, once collected, to the bed particles. The bed particles and/or additive may be combustible or may be incombustible. In one embodiment, the system includes two fluidized beds, in tandem, the first of which collects particulate mostly in the supermicron sizes and the second of which is an electrofluidized bed that collects particulate mostly in the submicron sizes.

Abstract: A moisture-containing viscous secondary fuel is combusted in the chamber of an industrial furnace by comminuting the secondary fuel to a particle size of 5-50 mm and propelling the particles at an initial speed of 1-10 m/sec. onto a layer of intensely burning primary fuel, such as solid refuse, coal or wood. The particles are propelled from a level at 0.5-2 m above the burning layer and in such a way that the length of their flight spans is 0.2-2 m. This insures that the particles retain moisture during travel in the combustion chamber and do not agglomerate prior and/or subsequent to contacting the burning layer of primary fuel. The rate of admission of comminuted secondary fuel is regulated in dependency on changes of temperature in the chamber, in dependency on changes of the CO.sub.2 or O.sub.2 content of combustion products and/or in dependency on variations of a parameter (e.g., length) of the burning layer of primary fuel.

Abstract: An ecologically clean process is described for the disposal of partially dewatered waste water sludges in combination with hazardous or noxious chemical wastes, with or without added high calorific waste from other sources which comprises, dewatering the sludge to a solids content of at least about 25% by weight, blending the dewatered sludge with any desired amount of added hazardous chemical waste up to 25% by weight or more, and with 0% up to about 35% by weight of a combustible waste from any other source having a calorific content of at least about 5000 BTU/lb. to obtain a mixture which is at least almost autogeneously combustible and then incinerating said mixture at a temperature of at least about 1400.degree. F for sufficient time to substantially completely combust the mixture to substantially odor-free off gases, said incineration being preferably conducted entirely autogeneously or with a minimal amount of auxiliary fossil fuel.

Abstract: Any bundles in household refuse are broken up and this refuse is then coarsely comminuted with the broken up bundles, only the hard components of the refuse being comminuted with the light components merely being temporarily deformed between a pair of rollers having surface formations. Thereafter the coarsely comminuted refuse is separated by means of a drum-type sieve into a heavy fraction and a light fraction. The light fraction is finely comminuted into granules which are blown into a burning chamber in which they are suspended on a gas. The granules are combusted in this chamber to form a hot gas that is recirculated to sterilize and dry the heavy fraction and to dry the finely comminuted light fraction before its burning.

Abstract: A bin receives coarse discrete primary shredded fuel material, such as may be derived from municipal refuse, and metering conveyor means move the material from the bin through efficient discharge controlling means to smooth flow conveyor means which deliver the fuel material to means for further preparation, e.g. a reshredder. Thence, the reshredded fuel, which may be preheated, is adapted to be conducted in a suspended, aerated state non-stop into the combustion zone of combustion means such as a boiler or a cement kiln.