Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for processing sewerage sludge and other organic based feedstocks, in an energy efficient manner that minimizes or eliminates unwanted byproducts, including pathogens, and generates useful environmentally safe products. The sewage sludge or other feedstocks are partially dried before being input to a gasifier operating under partial pyrolytic conditions with a small amount of oxygen or air present to produce fuel in the form of synthesis gas, bio-oil fuel, and char. A small percentage of the fuel may be used to maintain the operation of the feedstock drying process after it is started and a small amount of the synthesis gas produced in the gasifier reacts with the small amount of oxygen present with the feedstock to maintain the pyrolysis temperature in the gasifier in order to make the system economically viable.

Abstract: A system for disposing of municipal solid waste provides commercially-available equipment that is modified to initially remove identifiable unwanted components from the waste, and then chop the waste into small pieces of a size suitable for handling, separation and combustion. The moisture content of the waste is reduced in a closed system by passing dry air through the waste in a confined space to absorb moisture and produce moist air, which is then dehumidified via refrigeration equipment. The dehumidified air is recycled through the waste repeatedly through the closed system until the water content has reached the predetermined amount. The waste is stored in a bunker for later use or is immediately combusted in a two-step process by first gasifying the dried waste to produce combustible syngas and then immediately or later combusting the gas in a gas turbine or other engine to produce electricity that is partly used to power the process and partly sold commercially.

Abstract: A method and a system for drying a biomass, wet pulverized coal or combinations thereof, using heat from a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis in a heat exchanger to heat a nitrogen gas, using a flue gas in a heater to heat the heated nitrogen gas to a higher temperature, passing the twice heated nitrogen gas through apparatus to pulverize the fuel source of coal, biomass or both, forming a gas/particulate stream, filtering the gas/particulate stream in a filter to remove dried fuel feed stocks and using a blower to form a first steam and nitrogen mixture for discharge, and a second steam and nitrogen mixture for mixing with additional dry nitrogen gas for introduction to the first step of the method, at the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A gasification system for producing useful energy from a source of biomass material includes a gasifier for partially combusting biomass material into gaseous fuel, a contained fuel preparation site for preparing biomass material to be delivered to the gasifier, a boiler for combusting gaseous fuel from the gasifier to produce useful energy, and an air delivery system for directing combustion air to at least one of the gasifier and the boiler from the contained fuel preparation site. This arrangement recovers energy normally lost to atmosphere in the form of exhaust from biomass drying facilities. Drawing combustion air from the contained fuel preparation site also permits the fuel preparation site to be maintained at a negative pressure in relation to atmosphere, therefore any odour that is produced from the preparation of the biomass at the site is contained within the closed air delivery system and used for primary combustion at the gasifier or at the boiler.

Abstract: The method of carbonization of organic waste according to the present invention comprises the steps of supplying organic waste to a dryer, reducing an amount of water in the organic waste by heating with high-temperature gas, supplying the organic waste to a carbonization furnace for carbonizing the organic waste in a high-temperature ambience, removing carbide from the carbonization furnace, incinerating gas, which is generated in the carbonization furnace, in a re-incinerating furnace, and supplying combustion gas of the re-incinerating furnace to the dryer as the high-temperature gas.

Abstract: A system for disposing of municipal solid waste 10) provides commercially-available equipment that is modified to initially remove identifiable unwanted components from the waste (12), and then chop the waste into small pieces (16) of a size suitable for handling and combustion. The moisture content of the waste is reduced in a closed system (20) by passing dry air through the waste in a confined space (30) to absorb moisture and produce moist air, which is then dehumidified via refrigeration equipment (34). The dehumidified air is recycled (30, 40) through the waste repeatedly through the closed system (20) until the water content has reached the predetermined amount. The waste is stored in a bunker (41) for later burning, or is immediately burned in a furnace (24) to produce heat that is used to produce steam (50), which drives a generator (26) to produce electricity (52) that is partly used to power the process and partly sold commercially.

Abstract: A garbage incinerator comprises an incinerator body having an elongated incinerating chamber, which forms an angle with a horizontal plane. A plurality of inlets are provided on the incinerator body for feeding burnable construction garbage and house refuse, respectively. A plurality of house refuse drying channels are provided in the incinerating chamber for drying the house refuse received from the inlets. A waste oil burner is provided at the bottom of the incinerating chamber. Also provided are a dust-removing device for removing dust from exhaust of the incinerator and a harmful substance detecting device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multifunctional disposal apparatus for performing disposal by incineration, desiccation, fusion, degradation, ash melting and others on an object to be disposed such as raw refuse, general garbage, sludge, expanded polystyrene and others produced from a manufacturing plant, a service providing facility, a wholesale market, a general firm, a general store, a general house and others. [Structure] In a multifunctional disposal apparatus comprising: a dry combustion furnace; a kiln furnace; a first smoke feeding portion; a second smoke feeding portion; a smoke combustion portion; a dust filter portion; a second smoke feeding portion; an air heating portion; and a cooling tank portion, the present invention has such structure as that a flow of air is generated in one direction from the cooling tank to the second smoke feeding portion to form a vacuum.

Abstract: A furnace has a dual structure for carbonizing material. The furnace has a group of inner chambers and an outer chamber. Each of the inner chambers has a lid which can open and close to input the material for carbonizing. The outer chamber moves so that the group of inner chambers is housed in the outer chamber. Due to this, a combustion space is formed between the group of inner chambers and the outer chamber so as to heat each of the inner chambers to dry the material by distillation.

Abstract: A reactor for gasifying and/or melting feed materials, the reactor including a charging section with a feed opening, through which the feed materials are charged to the reactor from above and a pyrolysis section which has an expanded cross section and is located below the charging section so that a discharge cone of the feed material can form. Gas supply devices, open into the pyrolysis section substantially at a level of the expanded cross section and through which hot gases can be fed to the discharge cone. A melting and superheating section is located below the pyrolysis section and has a narrowing cross section. Upper injection devices are arranged so that an energy-rich medium is supplyable to the melting and superheating section immediately below a level of the narrowing section. A reduction section is located below the melting and superheating section. The reduction section has gas exhaust devices through which excess gases are exhausted.

Abstract: A gasification system for producing useful energy from a source of biomass material includes a gasifier for partially combusting biomass material into gaseous fuel, a contained fuel preparation site for preparing biomass material to be delivered to the gasifier, a boiler for combusting gaseous fuel from the gasifier to produce useful energy, and an air delivery system for directing combustion air to at least one of the gasifier and the boiler from the contained fuel preparation site. This arrangement recovers energy normally lost to atmosphere in the form of exhaust from biomass drying facilities. Drawing combustion air from the contained fuel preparation site also permits the fuel preparation site to be maintained at a negative pressure in relation to atmosphere, therefore any odour that is produced from the preparation of the biomass at the site is contained within the closed air delivery system and used for primary combustion at the gasifier or at the boiler.

Abstract: System for drying a damp biofuel, includes a boiler (1) for combustion of the fuel. Further, the system includes a first heat drying chamber (2), a drying gas flow (3) heated by the thermal energy of the combustion gases from the boiler and/or by steam, the gas flow being passed into the first heat drying chamber, and a fuel supply (4) for passing the fuel into the first heat drying chamber. The system includes a second heat drying chamber (5), an intermediate heating unit (6) for heating the drying gas flow before the second heat drying chamber, an intermediate supply (7) for passing the fuel from the first heat drying chamber into the second heat drying chamber, a boiler supply (8) for passing the fuel from the final heat drying chamber into the boiler and an outlet (9) for passing the flow of drying gas from the final heat drying chamber into the boiler.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating an aqueous-containing sludge in which the sludge is filtered on an elongate moving sheet of a water permeable unwoven fabric on paper. The moving sheet is folded and compressed between rollers whereby to express water therefrom. The folded moving sheet and contained sludge is dried, and the dried sheet and sludge is incinerated. Combustion heat from the incineration step is used in the drying step.

Abstract: The method of carbonization of organic waste according to the present invention comprises the steps of supplying organic waste to a dryer, reducing an amount of water in the organic waste by heating with high-temperature gas, supplying the organic waste to a carbonization furnace for carbonizing the organic waste in a high-temperature ambience, removing carbide from the carbonization furnace, incinerating gas, which is generated in the carbonization furnace, in a re-incinerating furnace, and supplying combustion gas of the re-incinerating furnace to the dryer as the high-temperature gas.

Abstract: A system for drying sludge includes a shaftless spiral feed screw for moving sludge through a drying chamber. An high energy inductor is located at a output of the drying chamber for drawing hot gases through the chamber to dry the sludge as it advances from the input end to the output end of the chamber. The high energy inductor also aspirates the dried sludge from the chamber. The drying system can be used in conjunction with a waste-to-energy furnace for incineration of sludge and municipal waste. In such an arrangement, the dried sludge can be aspirated from the drying chamber directly into a combustion zone of the furnace. Hot gases from the furnace can be used in drying the sludge.

Abstract: A garbage incinerator comprises an incinerator body having an elongated incinerating chamber, which forms an angle with a horizontal plane. A plurality of inlets are provided on the incinerator body for feeding burnable construction garbage and house refuse, respectively. A plurality of house refuse drying channels are provided in the incinerating chamber for drying the house refuse received from the inlets. A waste oil burner is provided at the bottom of the incinerating chamber. Also provided are a dust-removing device for removing dust from exhaust of the incinerator and a harmful substance detecting device.

Abstract: A process for treating a waste or treatable material containing noxious component(s), comprising the following steps: (1) carrying out a first step for the treatable material, the first step including (a) mixing a treatment agent with the treatable material to form a mixture, the treatment agent containing alkali metal compound, and (b) heating the mixture in a first furnace at a first temperature in a low oxygen atmosphere to thermally decompose the treatable material to generate a substance containing the noxious component, the substance contacting and reacting with the treatment agent to form a harmless salt; and (2) carrying out a second step for the treatable material, the second step including heating the treatable material in a second furnace separate from the first furnace, at a second temperature higher than the first temperature so as to reduce volume of the treatable material.

Abstract: A system for drying sludge includes a shaftless spiral feed screw for moving sludge through a drying chamber. An high energy inductor is located at a output of the drying chamber for drawing hot gases through the chamber to dry the sludge as it advances from the input end to the output end of the chamber. The high energy inductor also aspirates the dried sludge from the chamber. The drying system can be used in conjunction with a waste-to-energy furnace for incineration of sludge and municipal waste. In such an arrangement, the dried sludge can be aspirated from the drying chamber directly into a combustion zone of the furnace. Hot gases from the furnace can be used in drying the sludge.

Abstract: The system for producing combustion ash of cellulose-containing wastes, provided with a kneading device 3 for kneading cellulose-containing wastes with a prescribed amount of liquid fuel oil, a molding device 5 for molding said kneaded mixture, and a combustion furnace 7 for burning said moldings, is characterized in that the humidity conditioning furnace 6 for adjusting the water content of said moldings is arranged between said molding device and said combustion furnace. Since the water content of said moldings is adjusted by the humidity conditioning furnace at the time of burning said moldings, the organic substances (cellulose or the like) are burned almost perfectly. Consequently, the present invention has the advantage of being able to produce combustion ash of good quality without generating such combustion residue as graphite and black smoke.

Abstract: A system for drying sludge includes a shaftless spiral feed screw for moving sludge through a drying chamber. An high energy inductor is located at a output of the drying chamber for drawing hot gases through the chamber to dry the sludge as it advances from the input end to the output end of the chamber. The high energy inductor also aspirates the dried sludge from the chamber. The drying system can be used in conjunction with a waste-to-energy furnace for incineration of sludge and municipal waste. In such an arrangement, the dried sludge can be aspirated from the drying chamber directly into a combustion zone of the furnace. Hot gases from the furnace can be used in drying the sludge.

Abstract: The system for producing combustion ash of cellulose-containing wastes, provided with a kneading device 3 for kneading cellulose-containing wastes with a prescribed amount of liquid fuel oil, a molding device 5 for molding said kneaded mixture, and a combustion furnace 7 for burning said moldings, is characterized in that the humidity conditioning furnace 6 for adjusting the water content of said moldings is arranged between said molding device and said combustion furnace.

Abstract: Method for drying wood raw material (10) by means of hot gases (20) supplied to the drying process, in which VOC, apart from water, evaporate from the wood raw material into the gases. The drying process is divided and carried out in at least two sub-steps (I, II), from which process gas (22, 33) is removed separately, and the drying process is thus controlled that VOC evaporate during one of the sub-steps, and the VOC are concentrated to this sub-step. The temperature of the gas containing VOC is increased to a temperature exceeding 180° C. before VOC are oxidized catalytically at said elevated temperature, in order to reduce the discharge of VOC from the drying process.

Abstract: The invention described is a process for improving the performance of a commercial coal or lignite fired boiler system by supplementing its normal coal supply with a controlled quantity of thermally beneficiated low rank coal, (TBLRC). This supplemental TBLRC can be delivered either to the solid fuel mill (pulverizer) or directly to the coal burner feed pipe. Specific benefits are supplied based on knowledge of equipment types that may be employed on a commercial scale to complete the process. The thermally beneficiated low rank coal can be delivered along with regular coal or intermittently with regular coal as the needs require.

Abstract: The present invention provides an incinerator for removing toxic substances contained in a flue gas. That is, there is here disclosed an incinerator for removing toxic substances in which a removal section for removing the toxic substances generated from a burning section is connected to the burning section for burning incineration substances, and an air flow of from the burning section to the removal section is prepared by a suction type negative pressure means or by an air duct type negative pressure means, so that a negative pressure condition is always maintained in the burning section.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for drying and deagglomerating substances of finely-divided solids suspended in a fluid medium. The apparatus includes the basic components of a phenumatic friction dryer, a flash dryer and a ring dryer.

Abstract: The invention concerns a plant for the thermolysis of waste products containing an organic fraction, and for simultaneous energetically upgrading these waste products comprising: a unit for loading and supplying the waste products to be treated; a thermolysis reactor for thermal dissociation under reduced pressure at high temperature. The invention is characterized in that it comprises: upstream and downstream of the reactor, a lock chamber for maintaining a partial vacuum in the reactor for ensuring thermolysis in an atmosphere with low oxygen content; first means for recuperating, in the upper part of the reactor, the organic gas fraction formed during thermolysis, and for bringing this fraction to a combustion chamber supplying a steam generator; second means for recuperating at the bottom of the reactor the solid carbon products formed during thermolysis, and for bringing these solid products to a combustion chamber supplying a steam generator or an evacuating system.

Abstract: A method of burning plant-based fuel is involved in which the plant-based fuel is burned in a boiler designed for burning dry fuel and with the plant-based fuel being used having a moisture value which can vary in range from dry to wet. The method involves heating air with heat energy from combustion gases of the boiler to provide a source of heated air and providing heat and flow amounts of the heated air, with derived heat energy from the combustion gases, to the fuel in an amount sufficient for drying the fuel in any condition presented amongst the range between dry and wet. The flow of the heated air directed to the fuel is controlled to provide sufficient drying of the fuel before use of the fuel in the boiler and such that the heated air not needed for drying the fuel is conducted into the boiler to serve as heated combustion air.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device, and a process for its charging, for carrying out high-temperature recycling for heterogeneously occurring waste in compact packages. The compact packages are introduced into a heated channel for evaporation of liquids and slightly fluid materials as well as to partly decompose them. The invention is characterized by a temperature insulating mouthpiece interconnecting the reactor and the channel for limiting the conduction of heat from the reactor to the channel. Accordingly, packages may be serially forced through the channel and into the reactor while maintaining the packages in sealing engagement with the channel to prevent reduction in the predetermined cross section in response to high temperatures transmitted from the reactor.

Abstract: A system and process to provide integrated control for the pyrolytic composition of organic (biomass) waste products especially for municipal solid waste systems. The system includes integrated control that monitors biomass waste stream throughout the entire system and the products produced therefrom and includes presorting, controlling the amount of material processed in a continuous manner, shredding, removing moisture in a continuous process that is controlled and providing the waste stream to the distillation unit for pyrolytic action where it is converted into gaseous fuel and a char residue. The gaseous fuel is scrubbed clean and monitored and stored and reused to provide heat to the system. The entire system may be self-sustaining and continuous with very little or no human intervention. An integrated real time computer control system includes sensors and measuring devices with all the major components to ensure integrated efficiency.

Abstract: A device for combustion of granular material, for example wood flour pellets, chippings and the like, comprises a rotary solid fuel burner (1), air intake to the bumer, at least one conduit (18) for the supply of fuel and outlet (3) for combustion gases to a boiler part for heat transfer to water-cooled surfaces, for example. The rotary solid fuel burner is formed as a vessel with a rear wall, said outlet (3) for combustion gases and a jacket part between the rear wall and the outlet. A fuel feed pipe (18), which forms part of a fuel feed conduit, extends through the rear end wall, and an air admission pipe (19) surrounds the central fuel feed pipe at a distance from this, so that a space (20) which is ring-shaped in section is formed between the central fuel feed pipe (18) and the air admission pipe (19).

Abstract: Dumped solid waste is mixed with sand and fed through a shredder. Sorters sort aluminum glass and ferrous materials from the shredded waste, and an indirect fired dryer heats the remaining shredded waste. Dust in gases from the dryer is removed in a bag house. Sand is added to the dried, shredded waste, and the waste is cooled and stored in surge storage. The shredded, dried, cooled and stored waste is fed to one or more reducing chamber units. Waste is moved through individual chambers within the units with augers and is gravitationally fed between the chambers. Gases from the chambers are condensed, and the condensate is stored as oils. Solid products from the reducing chamber units are cooled. The sand is separated from the solid product. The resultant solid product and oils may be sold as fuel and feedstock, or the resultant product may be pulverized and combined with the oil in a slurry which is used as a fuel or a feedstock.

Abstract: The present invention provides a particulate drying method and drying apparatus, which can disperse particulates in the drying apparatus, prolong the particulate residence time, and improve the drying conditions, while retaining the advantages of conventional flash dryers.

Abstract: An arrangement for converting a conventional oil boiler to a boiler with moist, granular and solid fuel, utilizes a fuel combustion gas dryer connected to the combustion gas line of the boiler, and a solid fuel combustion device to replace the oil burner. The combustion gas dryer is a so-called circulating fluidized bed (CFB) dryer together with a particle separator and a combustion gas center tap has been fitted into the oil boiler, through which center tap hot combustion gas has been set to be mixed with combustion gases of the normal outlet in the desired proportion in order to regulate the temperature of the drying gas of the dryer. The combustion devices may include a cyclone burner.

Abstract: Apparatus for processing and recycling CCA (copper, chrome, arsenic) treated wood chips that includes a vertical reaction chamber into which a continuous stream of wood chips is poured. Hot gases at about 400.degree. C. are introduced into the bottom of the column to heat the chips below their ignition point. The combustion gases flow upwardly through the chips to progressively cool the gases and allow them to condense in the column. The condensate is deposited upon the surface of the chips and the gases, which are now free of heavy metals, are evacuated from the column.

Abstract: An apparatus for recycling municipal waste as energy includes a shredder for shredding the waste, and removing rejects, the rejects from the shredder being sorted into a first stream of inert matter that is substantially unpolluted with organic matter and into a second stream of inert matter that is substantially polluted with either organic matter or with combustible heavy elements; a first outlet for removing the second stream of inert matter; a circulating fluidized bed reactor for receiving the shredded waste and producing gases with solid particles therein; a cyclone for separating out the solid particles and receiving the gases output by the reactor; a recuperator boiler into which the gases output by the cyclone are discharged and which is provided with a first set of heat exchangers, the boiler including a dust-filtering hopper; a second outlet for removing the solid particles from the dust-filtering hopper; a second set of heat exchangers disposed in a chamber into which the gases are fed after trans

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, a method for supplying solid material such as hot carbonaceous material from a pyrolyzer or reactor to a furnace, is provided comprising providing a screw conveyor for receiving the solid carbonaceous material from the pyrolyzer or reactor preferably from above the conveyor and transporting it along its length to a vaned rotor preferably positioned on the axle of the screw conveyor preferably substantially near the end of the screw conveyor for supplying the carbonaceous material to the furnace.

Abstract: A preheater in an incineration system consists of: a first opening through which refuse is input; a second opening which is formed under the first opening and communicates with an incinerator; a heat flow passageway which is formed between the first and second openings, and passes the heat generated by the incinerator; and a receiving unit between the two openings which rotates the refuse in the heat flow passageway.

Abstract: A waste incinerator including separate burning-, blower-, chimney- and ash-receiving chambers. A suction-discharge port is provided in a wall between the burning chamber and the chimney chamber for discharging gases from the burning chamber through a chimney to the atmosphere. The chimney extends from the chimney chamber for discharging gases to the atmosphere. The chimney receives an air feed pipe from the blower and an ignition sleeve extends into the chimney for burning unconsumed waste gas. A vibrator vibrates an ash receiver in the ash receiving chamber, and a drying chamber may be provided for drying high moisture garbage by combustion gases from the burning chamber.

Abstract: A method and system for processing waste dries and reforms a sludge stream of the waste with a first reformed effluent stream to produce a gas effluent stream and a solids effluent stream. The gas effluent stream is reformed further to produce the first effluent stream, which is then directed back to the sludge stream.

Abstract: Waste treatment. The installation for implementing the method comprises: a furnace (1) defining a confinement enclosure (2) for a fluidized bed (3) of particulate matter; means for recirculating the particles of the bed; means (28) for mixing, coating, and drying the recycled particles and the waste; and means for feeding the furnace from the means (28). The invention is applicable to treating moist waste.

Abstract: A thermal method for continuously processing waste having a calorific value and any degree of moisture, wherein waste is put in a flow of hot, heat-resistant, heat-exchanging material which is warmer than 100.degree. C. The heat exchanging material cools due to heat exchange, the waste dries and the non-evaporated waste components are heated. The cooled, heat-exchanging material is subsequently separated from the dried waste materials and the separated dried waste material is mixed with a percentage of the separated heat-exchanging material. The dried waste material and heat-exchanging material mixture is subsequently heated to pyrolyze waste material and heat the heat exchanging material in preparation for its subsequently use in the continuous process.

Abstract: A high strength rock wool obtained by preliminarily calcining the starting material comprising industrial wastes such as shot and the like generated in the course of the production of a rock wool in a calcination temperature region of from 1,000.degree. to 1,250.degree. C. for a time of at least 1 minute but within 60 minutes in an oxidizing atmosphere, immediately crushing and pulverizing the resulting block-shaped calcined product, introducing the resulting particle-shaped calcined product into an electric furnace to melt the same and fiberizing the resulting melt by a spinner wheels and a process for producing the same. The said rock wool has a high strength appropriate to utilize in a thermal insulation material, a sound absorbing material and various reinforcing fibers.

Abstract: A mobile waste incinerator has a moving vehicle having an engine with an exhaust gas system, a receiving chamber arranged to receive waste to be incinerated and to preliminarily heat the waste, the receiving chamber being connected with the exhaust system so as to receive the exhaust gases for preliminary heating of the waste, a preparation chamber connected with the receiving chamber for receiving the waste heated in the receiving chamber and provided with means for reducing a size of the wastes, the preparation chamber also having means for injecting fuel, an incineration chamber connected with the preparation chamber and provided with means for mixing the fuel with air and igniting a mixture, the incineration chamber being connected with the preparation chamber so that hot gases from the incineration chamber are supplied into the preparation chamber, means for connecting the chambers with one another and closing chambers from one another, and means for discharging the wastes from the incineration chamber.

Abstract: A method for recovering energy from waste, which includes: a first waste trituration step; fermentation of the waste in the presence of air. The method allows to recover the energy produced by waste combustion with an efficiency that is at least 50% higher than methods used so far.

Abstract: Single or multi-screw indirect-heating screw conveyor desorbers having a heating gas guide enclosed by the screw shaft wall (single-wall screw shafts) or located between a screw shaft wall and an internal chamber wall (double-walled screw shafts). Predetermined amounts of cooling and diluting fluid may be added to a heating gas stream to control the maximum temperature thereof. Screw shaft support bearings and rotary drive components may be cooled, and conveyor wall and/or screw shaft surfaces (e.g.. screw flights and interflight surfaces) may be automatically cleaned during screw shaft rotation by hardened bits and/or breaker devices. Cleaning operations may also involve the interaction of two counter-rotating conveyor screw shafts having mutually interleaved and opposite-handed external flights.

Abstract: A device for the combustion of solid fuels so as to provide complete combustion from the start and thereby reduce environmental influence and the generation of carcinogens, includes two chambers interconnected by a ceramic filter, which chambers have one or more heat sources, one chamber being adapted for drying and degasification of the fuel and the other chamber being adapted for combustion of the gas generated on degasification. The heat sources are mainly connected with the solid-fuel device to act at an initial stage until combustion takes place in a normal way so that complete combustion may be achieved from the start.

Abstract: A biomass-fueled furnace for residential or institutional space and hot water heating. Wood chips, the preferred fuel, are purchased "green and/or wet" and are stored in a dryer/storage assembly which uses waste clean exhaust gases produced by the furnace to dry them. Wood chips are fed via gravity to the primary combustion chamber where, via pyrolysis, they are burned. A thimble combustor eliminates radiant heat loss from the primary pyrolysis zone, allowing stable pyrolysis at low burning rates. A second combustion chamber fed with pre-heated air completely oxidizes pyrolysis gases. This furnace is capable of operating continuously at extremely low fuel consumption rates so that heat release can be regulated by thermostat in the same manner as conventional gas and oil fired furnaces. A combination of fuel drying plus secondary air preheating by the secondary flame allows stable operation at extremely low or "idle" fuel rates.

Abstract: A method and configuration suited to feeding a water-containing fuel such as peat or brown coal into a pressurized space such as a pressurized dryer or a high-pressure gasifier. A fuel with a high moisture content requires drying in a dryer prior to gasification or combustion. In the dryer, the fuel is dewatered, whereby the separated water is discharged as steam from the dryer. The generated steam is separated from the fuel flow exiting the dryer and it can be routed as injection steam to a gas turbine. When a portion of the steam extracted from the fuel flow exiting the dryer is fed into the fuel entering the dryer or to a heat exchanger, which is employed for heating the fuel flow, a fuel of higher moisture content can be fed into the dryer, or alternatively, the moisture content of the fuel can be increased to improve the feed of the fuel. The method imparts no reduction of the economy of the energy generation process.

Abstract: Process for autothermal incineration of sludge originating from urban and/or industrial water purification stations and of household refuse, wherein it consists in carrying out a dehydration of the sludge by centrifuging-drying while employing the sensible heat of the fumes produced in the incineration furnace, the said dehydrated sludge being introduced, in pulverulent form, into the incineration furnace at the same time as the household refuse.

Abstract: An incinerator for carrying out incineration of general or specific waste dry distillation, which can improve wastes incineration efficiency and prevent secondary pollution, such as a gas smell, by performing complete combustion by facilitating feeding of waste and discharging of ash under a condition that the furnace maintained sealed like for a conventional dry distillation incineration furnace. The incinerator is provided to feed waste introduced into a waste placing tube to a dry distillation incineration furnace by repeatedly pressing the waste, to discharge ash heaped on the bottom of the dry distillation incineration furnace by dropping into an ash placing tube with a discharge blade and pressing the dropped ash with a pressing plate, and to incinerate specific waste with high moist contents and waste wire using an indirect dry distillation tank accommodated in a combustion tank.