Abstract: A resource recovery utility is provided comprising a landfill having a continuous wall surrounding the perimeter thereof and a containment structure extending completely over the landfill affixed to the continuous wall. Refuse can be introduced into the landfill and compacted therein and at least a portion of the compacted refuse can be removed therefrom. Methane generated by anaerobic bacterial digestion of organic materials contained in the refuse can be removed and recovered.

Abstract: It is provided as shown in the drawing with a waste gas guiding duct, a rotating duct, an inserting duct, a connecting duct, a stationary duct, and a branch tube including a feed chute and a gas exhaust duct, and is adapted to preheat a main raw material consisting of direct reduced iron or small lumps of pig iron, or of auxiliary raw materials consisting of ferro-alloy and quick lime by utilizing the waste heat of a waste gas generated in a steel making furnace, weighing the total raw materials, and charging these raw materials into the electric furnace. This enables the energy to be utilized efficiently, and the quality and productivity to be improved.

Abstract: An ash handling system includes a conveyor and crusher extending from an ash collection trough beneath an underfeed stoker retort to a hopper from which ash is discharged into an ash receiving zone of a container. A suction nozzle is used to extract ash from the zone for disposal.

Abstract: A sewage screenings disposal system where raw screenings are fed to a dewatering press (7) for reducing the moisture content of the screenings, slugs of pressed screenings are conveyed from the dewatering press (7) to a multi-compartment storage carousel (17), loader ram means (16) charge the slugs into empty carousel compartments (21) and feeder ram means (26) located remote from the loader arm ram means (16) push the slugs from the full carousel compartments (21) into an incinerator (29). The carousel drive means are connected through a compartment indexing mechanism and carousel locking means (22) whereby during loading or feeding the carousel is locked against rotation.

Abstract: A solid and liquid waste incinerator system is disclosed which utilizes the heat produced by the furnace to transform water into steam, the steam powering a steam turbine generator to produce electricity. Solid waste is automatically fed by conveyor belts into the opening in the upper portion of a gravity-fed furnace unit which has a rotating shredder unit for chopping and grinding solid waste. A rotating magnet selects the ferrous metals from the other solid waste materials at the entrance to the furnace unit. Adjustable nozzles are rotatably mounted to the furnace unit walls to inject fuel and oxygen which are ignited creating a flame. Burn grills are positioned to catch the falling solid waste and hold it in a position for combustion, and to release it after incineration is completed. Liquid waste, including toxic chemicals, are vaporized in an evaporation cylinder forming an inner chamber within the furnace unit.

Abstract: An apparatus for feeding waste tire chips to an incinerator comprises a chip container having a front wall, a rear wall and an outlet at the lower end of the front wall, and a screw feeder having a shaftless helical screw blade provided at an inner bottom portion of the container. The screw blade has one end supported by a first bearing provided on the rear wall of the container and the other end projecting from the outlet of the container. The other end of the screw blade is supported by a second bearing disposed outside the container outlet. Waste tire chips can be fed to the incinerator stably at all times.

Abstract: A fuel feed system for feeding particulate combustible material to a stove, a heater, furnace or the like, referred to herein as heating equipment, and the same in combination with such feed system wherein the combustible material is wood, preferably wood chips. A container is provided for holding a supply of the wood chips to be burned and a cover removably mounted on the container which, during use, is sealed on the container so as to provide a sealingly closed container. The conveyor system for moving the wood chips from the container to a burner in the heating equipment includes a first conveyor and a second conveyor for moving the wood chips along respective different flow paths and a drop box between such first and second conveyors that provides a contiguous flow path along the conveyor system. A normally closed one way flow valve is located in the drop box to prevent reverse flow through the drop box from said second to said first conveyor.

Abstract: A furnace adapted to burn wood chips and wood particles and including an inner cylinder adapted to be positioned in horizontal relation and including a primary combustion area. A funnel assembly is provided for supporting a quantity of wood particles and for funneling the wood particles into the primary combustion area of the inner cylinder. A second cylinder is also provided, the second cylinder having a length greater than that of the inner cylinder and having one end which surrounds the inner cylinder such that the inner cylinder and the second cylinder define an air space therebetween. The other end of the second cylinder defines a secondary combustion area where the combustion gases from the primary combustion area are mixed with secondary air.

Abstract: An incinerator is disclosed which includes apparatus for removing ash from an incinerating chamber and which comprises hydraulically operated plows that slide along the floor of the chamber to push the ash towards an ash trough. Ash removal efficiency is improved in accordance with the present invention by the hinged suspension of a brush from the plow face. An auxiliary plow is added to the waste material loading device to clear ash from the highest of several stepped floor levels even in the absence of no new load being entered. The auxiliary plow further includes a clevis assembly which pivots the brush away from the incinerator floor during reverse plow travel.

Abstract: Bales of combustible trash made to specific specifications are burned in a furnace having two parallel upright sidewalls between which the bales pass during burning. A horizontal grate extends between the sidewalls. The bales, if remotely made from the furnace, are bound by an easily meltable strap. The length of the bale is measurably smaller than the distance between said sidewalls to accurately accommodate springback. A ram, after compacting the waste in segmental fashion, pushes each bale to a position between said sidewalls; with the length of the bale being perpendicular to the sidewalls, so that a bale enters the furnace. Springback following the melting of straps allows the bale to expand to fill the gap between the sidewalls. This facilitates ignition and/or burning of the bales and provides a seal against furnace sidewalls. When the ram feeds a fresh bale, previously charged bales (consumed proportional to time in the furnace) are advanced toward the ash discharge port.

Abstract: A furnace (10) in which bark or other cellulosic fuel (64) is burned on a traveling grate (24). Char (62) separated (48, 54) from the furnace exhaust gases is reinjected into the furnace beneath baffle plate (40) in such a manner that the raw bark (64) being introduced onto the grate forms a protective cover over the char (62) thus preventing the relatively light char particles from becoming reentrained in the gases before they are completely combusted.

Abstract: In clinker coolers with a thrust grate a small part of the material to be cooled falls through the grate. These grate screenings usually are collected in funnels, let out and carried away. These funnels and transporting devices are housed between high, complicated foundations. In this invention these funnels are replaced by a removal device which moves the grate screenings horizontally through a transfer canal. This eliminates the complicated foundations and the control of the emptying device previously used.

Abstract: A stepped grate for an incinerator plant consists of grate blocks (1) placed adjacent in rows, and placed in succession in the travelling direction of the refuse and garbage resting on parallel placed grate beams (9), where every second row of grate blocks (1) is adapted to make a reciprocating movement, whereas the intermediary rows of grate blocks are stationary. The movable and the stationary rows of grate blocks (1) are placed in staggered position in the travelling direction of the garbage at a distance corresponding to half the length of a grate block, the one type of rows being terminated with half grate blocks (8). Preferably, it is the stationary row that is terminated with half blocks (8). The displacement of the rows of grate blocks removes the danger of blocking the movable row of grate blocks caused by collision between the front edge of a grate block from the movable row and the rear edge of a grate block from the stationary row.

Abstract: A pulsating hearth for an incinerator wherein the hearth is suspended on a fixed frame for movement in a limited short arc to urge random size particles burning in a pile on the hearth in a predetermined path intermittently across the surface of the heart. Movement is imparted to the hearth in periodic pulses preferably by inflating sets of air bags mounted on the frame, which stroke the hearth to move it a short distance from an initial position and jar it against the frame, thus impelling the burning particles a short distance by inertia and concurrently stoking the burning pile upon each stroke, and then returning the hearth to its initial position. The hearth may also have a plurality of nozzles connected to a source of air for delivering gently flowing air to the burning pile on the hearth.

Abstract: In a combustion chamber (20) the biomass to be degasified is placed via a conveyor screw (11) on to a trough (24). In the degasification chamber (20) there prevails a high temperature due to the vicinity of the flame chamber (27), so that the biomass is being degasified. The escaping gasses are burned in the flame chamber (27). Between the wall of the degasification chamber (20) and an outer casing (28) there is an air chamber (29) in which the fresh air introduced from the outside is preheated and thereafter is guided partly through the trough (24) and partly to another section of the flame chamber (27).

Abstract: A downdraft channel gasifier for the efficient conversion of biomass materials to usable heat energy, which includes at least two generally triangularly shaped air ducts positioned longitudinally across an enclosed housing defining a combustion chamber. The air ducts have sloping sides which downwardly converge towards one another to define at least one open-botton V-shaped channel, the sloping sides primarily supporting the biomass fuel which will be combusted to derive producer gas. The air ducts are hollow and are in fluid communication with a high pressure air source at one end, and with the gasification chamber through air jet openings near their apexes. The high pressure air exits out air jet openings along the top edges of the air ducts, providing primary air for gasification of the biomass in the channels. The producer gas passes down between the channels and horizontally to an exit.

Abstract: Apparatus for breaking apart agglomerations of particulate matter flowing in a vessel (particularly useful ina pressurized moving-bed vertical-shaft reduction reactor for the production of sponge iron) is exemplified by an externally mounted hydraulic cylinder having access to the interior of said vessel through a probe port, the piston of said hydraulic cylinder being provided with a conical probe positioned so as to be normally retracted out from the interior of said vessel but extendable by said hydraulic cylinder into and across the interior of said vessel, preferably at the narrowed discharge portion thereof, whereby said probe is angled to extend downwardly in the direction of flow of said particulate matter as well as across said flow to engage and break up any agglomerations of particulate matter in its path.

Abstract: A fluidized bed boiler having a water-wall type construction has a steam-water natural circulation system for heat exchange. Vertical in-bed heat exchange tubes are provided and the steam drum of the boiler extends across the full length of the boiler combustion chamber and the convection heat exchange chamber. An air distributor grate is provided for introduction of fluidizing air into the combustion chamber and the air flow therefrom can be controlled to afford a flexible turn-down capability.

Abstract: A coal burning apparatus actuated by a stoker of the underfeed type includes a burner body formed of a plurality of vertically stacked rings with spaces between the rings extending horizontally to form a tuyere. A tuyere is easily made by stacking rings onto a burner base in a surrounding relationship to the stoker throat. A rotating ash ring is mounted to the exterior of the tuyere for disposing ashes outwardly beyond the periphery of the burner so that they may fall into a provided ash box. The burner air for sustaining combustion is provided to the interior of the tuyere from one of a pair of provided ports in the burner base. The alternative location of the air ports permit the air duct for providing combustion air to be extended from either end of the burner assembly.

Abstract: Apparatus and process for incinerating waste and reclaiming resources, particularly ferrous metals, galss, and aluminum, in separate output streams. The incinerator itself can use combustion draft air as a medium for separating lighter and heavier fractions of the burned material in the incinerator. The combustion zone of the incinerator is defined by a foraminated cylindrical wall which is rotated to distribute the incinerating materials and separate burned waste from the combustion zone.The incinerator can be cooled by a eutectic liquid metal coolant. The use of this coolant allows the heat exhange surfaces of the incinerator to be quite thin for greater economy, as such fluids, particularly a eutectic mixture of sodium and potassium, do not vaporize at atmospheric pressure over a wide working temperature also disclosed, as is improved means for separating aluminum rich and glass rich fractions from the heavier fraction of burned waste separated in the incinerator.

Abstract: A substantially smokeless burning system for burning waste material fuels. An elongated hollow burning chamber is supported in a generally horizontal orientation. An elongated fuel accumulation chamber and a hydraulic hoist driven ram in the chamber are adapted to push elongated volumes of new fuel into the lower front end of the burning chamber such that already burning fuel is pushed to the rear of the chamber. This establishes a charcoal burning zone which at least partially overlies a volatile burning zone such that incomplete combustion products from the volatile burning zone pass over and through the charcoal burning zone to be substantially burned before exiting at the rear of the burning chamber. Integral preheat and air delivery channels are formed in the walls of the burning chamber. A pipe section is mounted within the burning chamber for incinerating liquid waste materials.

Abstract: Incinerator having a primary and a secondary combustion chamber, the primary combustion chamber has a bottom section and a top section, both provided with burners and air injection devices. The wall of the top section has a sluice port for introducing a barrel, and within the top section there is provided a barrel holder for receiving and holding such a barrel. The barrel holder is mounted for rotation about a horizontal axis and can be operated for turning the barrel from upright to fully or partly inverted position and vice versa. Burning of the waste may take place either in the barrel in upright position, or upon turning of the barrel and dropping of its contents into the bottom section, or a combination of both. Thereby optimum conditions may be created for incineration of waste of varying consistency, ranging from liquid to solid, and no manual handling of barrels or their contents is required.

Abstract: This invention is a device for pyrolyzing waste materials comprising a low - temperature carbonizing reactor. The reactor includes a longitudinally extending tubular vessel adapted to be loaded with waste materials to be pyrolyzed and a flue gas duct which surrounds a shell of the carbonizing reactor, which defines an annular space which concentrically surrounds the tubular vessel, and which is adapted to have hot flue gases passed therethrough for the purpose of heating the shell of the reactor. The flue gas duct contains a baffle for maintaining turbulent flow about the reactor and for uniformly distributing the flue gases about the periphery of the tubular vessel. The baffle comprises a plurality of heat conducting elements which are disposed in planes which contain the longitudinal axis of the annular space and a plurality being disposed in planes extending at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the annular space.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for burning green wood chips in which the hot combustion gases generated by the burning of the chips in a furnace are passed through chips in a storage silo from which the chips are subsequently fed to the furnace. A column of chips of substantial height is maintained in a top vented silo. Chips are fed from the lower portion of the column to the furnace and usually mixed with other fuel such as particulate coal or coal dust, and the hot combustion gases from this combustion are fed into the silo at a location substantially below the top of the column of chips so that the gases permeate and pass upwardly through the column of chips to dry them. The chips also act as a filter to remove environmental contaminants from the gases.

Abstract: Wood waste fuel is piled on a perforated grate within a combustion chamber. The fuel is burned by underfire air passing through the grate up through the pile. Ash forms at the bottom of the pile and is removed about a complete 360 degree perimeter where it falls into an ash pit and is subsequently removed from the burner. Fuel is fed to the burner through an elongated continuously expanding tube by a reciprocating ram feeder.

Abstract: A husk burning furnace having a husk smoke-burning chamber formed by an inner peripheral perforated wall defining a pot-shaped primary gas burning chamber and an outer peripheral perforated wall surrounding the inner peripheral perforated wall. Means are provided to feed the husk particles into the smoke-burning chamber from the lower side of the latter in a floating manner where they are smoke-burnt to become smoke-carbonized husk particles, while generating unburnt gas. The smoke-carbonized husk particles are taken out of the furnace while the unburnt gas is introduced into the primary gas burning chamber so as to be burnt in the primary gas burning chamber. The gas together with flame is introduced further into a secondary gas burning chamber connected to the upper end of the inner peripheral perforated wall to generate colorless hot gas containing no substantial quantities of dust particles. Meanwhile, the smoke-carbonized husk particles are suitably discharged to the desired place.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fuel level indicator for a heating unit, such as a stove or furnace. In particular, the invention relates to an indicator for a wood burning heating unit with a grate which is slightly elevated when there is insufficient wood causing an electrical signal which may be used with a light or buzzer to indicate the need for fuel or with a conveyor automatically to feed fuel into the heating unit.

Abstract: A substantially smokeless burning system for burning waste material fuels. An elongated hollow burning chamber is supported in a generally horizontal orientation with a slight degree of upward tilt from front to rear. An elongated fuel accumulation chamber and a hydraulic hoist driven ram in the chamber are adapted to push elongated volumes of new fuel into the lower front end of the burning chamber such that already burning fuel is pushed to the rear of the chamber. This establishes a charcoal burning zone which at least partially overlies a volatile burning zone such that incomplete combustion products from the volatile burning zone pass over and through the charcoal burning zone to be substantially burned before exiting at the rear of the burning chamber. The burning chamber is formed of a plurality of pipe sections which are molded of refractory material in a concrete pipe making machine. Integral preheat and air delivery channels are formed in the walls of the burning chamber during the molding process.

Abstract: A continuous gasification furnace and method of operation. The charge is fed into the furnace chamber between two rolls at least one of which is driven. The furnace chamber can be sealed from the ambient atmosphere. The bed of the furnace contains three zones from top to bottom, these zones are; a volatilization zone, a char reaction zone and an ash zone. Additionally, there can be a drying zone above the volatilization zone. Fuel, air, and steam enter the lower portion of the furnace through strategically located inlet ports. Fuel is used to start up the burning bed while carefully controlled steam to air ratio is used during continuous operation of the furnace. Simultaneously controlled steam cooling effects and exothermic reactions occur in the char reaction zone whereby all or controlled amounts of the oxygen is consumed so that pyrolysis can occur in the volatilization zone without the danger of combustion in that zone or combustion of the fumes leaving the bed.

Abstract: A grate assembly for a furnace for incinerating material comprises rows of moving grate bars which are arranged between rows of stationary grate bars and which are individually driven by drives arranged exteriorly of a combustion zone located beneath the rows of grate bars. Interposed between the grate bars and the drive are a lever system including a swivel lever fastened to a torsion shaft and a slide guide attachment for effecting approximately rectilinear movement of the moving grate bars. The torsion shaft is supported on sidewalls of the combustion zone and is rotatable and slideable by means of a bearing support which pivots about a shaft. Due to the approximately rectilinear movement and the optional, individual adjustment of the movement of adjacent moving rows of grate bars, the incineration behaviour of the material may be taken into consideration to a large extent and the drives may be easily maintained since they are readily accessible.

Abstract: Converging upper and lower conveyors transport loose waste from a receiving hopper toward an incinerator combustion chamber entrance at an adjustably predetermined normal rate, cooperating to compact the waste into a continuous plug and to force the plug through a confining passageway extending from the conveyors to the incinerator entrance, thereby feeding the waste plug to the burning firebed in the combustion chamber at a steady rate for causing waste combustion therein at a generally steady rate while sealing the entrance thereto against incoming air and outgoing heat or fire.

Abstract: Apparatus for the conversion of solid fuels and solid organic waste materials by high temperature gasification into gaseous fuel called "producer gas." The apparatus comprises a stacked two-section gasifier defining sequentially descending drying, distillation, oxidation and reduction reaction zones through which a column of the solid fuel descends during its conversion to the gaseous fuel. The lower reactor section is of double-shell construction and defines the lower oxidation and reduction reaction zones. Means are provided for drawing air into the oxidation zone for burning reaction with carbonized fuel passing therethrough and for thereafter drawing reaction gases downwardly through the lower reduction zone of the gasifier and then through the annular space defined by the double-shell structure of the lower section in indirect counter-current heat exchange relationship with the fuel column portion in the oxidation and reduction zones.

Abstract: A sawdust-burning furnace comprising an inner shell, an outer shell disposed approximately 1 inch from the inner shell, a bottom member and a cover member, an air intake from the base thereof, an exhaust aperture, means to place sawdust therein with a primary channel and inverted cone-shaped burning area, and a flame deflector having legs adapted to rest upon the sawdust while burning is taking place.

Abstract: A fluidized bed coal reactor includes a combination nozzle-injector ash-removal unit formed by a grid of closely spaced open channels, each containing a worm screw conveyor, which function as continuous ash removal troughs. A pressurized air-coal mixture is introduced below the unit and is injected through the elongated nozzles formed by the spaces between the channels. The ash build-up in the troughs protects the worm screw conveyors as does the cooling action of the injected mixture. The ash layer and the pressure from the injectors support a fluidized flame holder combustion zone above the grid which heats water in boiler tubes disposed within and/or above the combustion zone and/or within the walls of the reactor.

Abstract: An incinerator and method for burning both sorted and unsorted rubbish and refuse cleanly and efficiently. Rubbish is inserted in a non-clogging hopper where it is preheated and preliminarily combusted as it moves downwardly to a primary combustion chamber where air is added. A moving grate beneath the primary combustion chamber draws ashes and uncombusted materials downwardly away from that chamber. Gases of combustion are further combusted as they are drawn by the natural draft in the incinerator through a secondary combustion chamber and gas circulating and flyash collecting chamber before exiting through an exhaust. The natural draft through the incinerator is controlled by a series of movable baffles and doors.

Abstract: A furnace for burning solid waste material such as straw bales or wood shavings is fed automatically from a reservoir container through a pipe that leads into the bottom of the furnaces combustion chamber. The automatic feed may comprise a pusher sliding in the pipe under the action of a ram, or an auger. In either case, the pusher or auger largely blocks the pipe to prevent unwanted entry of air into the combustion chamber. The pusher is controlled by an element which senses flue temperature. The container outlet may include a ripping chain to break down the material and the pipe may include a fire extinguishing connection controlled by a heat sensor. The furnace is adapted for admitting controlled quantities of primary air and the hot incompletely burned gases of combustion pass to an after-burning chamber where secondary air is admitted.

Abstract: A material handling apparatus is described, for example, for delivering bags of garbage to an incinerator. The apparatus includes a plurality of material-receiving compartments, each having a first end at which material can be loaded into the compartment, and a second end from which material can be discharged. Each compartment includes a belt conveyor which forms a bottom wall of the compartment and which is operable to move material longitudinally of the compartment in a direction towards said second end. Side walls of the compartment extend upwardly adjacent respective the opposite sides of the conveyor for laterally constraining material in the compartment. The compartment also includes closure means normally preventing discharge of material from said second end of the compartment, said closure means being adapted to be opened at appropriate times to allow material to be discharged from said compartment by operating the belt conveyor.

Abstract: In a furnace in which the waste is loaded into a central shaft at the bot of which it is held up by a device for letting through small particles after the column of waste has been exposed to degassing and drying heat entering laterally from a smoke chamber. Fresh air is supplied in substoichiometric quantity into the column of waste and is supplied in further quantity through the device for holding up the material in the column as well as just above it and, finally, also in a combustion chamber below the device for afterburning combustible gases. There is an opening between the device for holding up the waste material in the shaft and the inner wall of the shaft to material to form an inclined layer down to the hole at the bottom of the shaft, enclosing a combustion space. An ember bed forms here, from which melted material passes down through a combustion chamber below and through a drain in the floor of the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A system including conduit connected to a source of solid waste, a shredder for particlizing solid waste, an igniter for igniting particlized waste, a gas burner for initially heating the liner of the igniter to a temperature above ignition temperatures for the waste, and an air duct for transporting burning particles of waste along a vortexing path extending downwardly through the igniter, then through an agitating conduit, within which the burning particles are maintained in suspension and are finally introduced upwardly into a particle trap within which combustion of ignited particles is completed. A by-products recovery system is connected with the trap for collecting ash, for subsequent usage, and for recovering heat to be returned to the gin.

Abstract: An incinerator including a first combustion chamber having a rotatable hearth for initially drying and partially burning waste materials and a second combustion chamber comprising a fluidized bed furnace for receiving the partially burnt materials from the first chamber and completing the burning thereof.

Abstract: A method of and an apparatus for the thermal treatment of organic materials, especially organic wastes, makes use of a horizontally elongated tank in which the waste is agitated in contact with a thermally conductive wall externally heated by the circulation of a hot gas thereover. The hot gas is generated by injecting, into the space between this wall and an insulated wall, a combustion gas from a burner into which vapors released from the organic material are fed so that the vapors are fully burned within the burner.

Abstract: A method and means for burning corn and corncobs is described. The apparatus includes a conical or pyramidal shaped perforated floor having a central opening formed therein which is in communication with a first conveyor which supplies the material to be burned thereto. A second conveyor extends around the periphery of the floor for carrying away the ashes of the burned material. The first conveyor forces the corncobs or corn upwardly through the central opening to form a mound or pile of material thereon. The mound of material is ignited and air is forced upwardly through the perforated floor to enhance combustion so that the material is substantially completely burned. The products of combustion are passed upwardly through a heat exchanger and filtered through the material delivered to the first conveyor before being exhausted to the atmosphere.

Abstract: A machine for charging a furnace with scrap to be incinerated comprising a hopper in which bulk scrap to be incinerated is fed and whose bottom opens into the interior of a rectilinear and horizontal tubular body connected at one extremity to the inlet of a furnace. Mounted at the other opposite extremity of the tubular body is a push member actuated by a first jack. The push member has a section corresponding to that of the interior passage in the tubular body. A first wall of the hopper is constituted by a trap door capable of being raised to uncover a crushing head articulated by a second jack of high power so that in lowered position it compresses the scrap against the bottom of the tubular body. A second wall of the hopper is disposed opposite the first wall and is pivotably connected to the base of the hopper for undergoing pivotal movement to a lowered position closing the top of the tubular body.

Abstract: The present invention comprises an improved after burner for a multi-chamber incinerator including a pair of successive gas flow tubes having arcuate surfaces disposed one over the other such that the said one is an arcuate surface having a radius to a longitudinal centerline axis which is oriented in the same vertical plane but offset above the longitudinal centerline axis of the said other of said arcuate surfaces, baffles for directing gas flow including such flow from the first of said tubes to the second of said tubes, ports for ingesting air into said tubes at an angle to the path of gas flow through the tubes and super oxygenating the tubes and burners in the tubes to totally consume combustible pollutants carried by the gas flow.

Abstract: A method of and furnace for burning waste material, according to which the aste material is for drying and degasifying same heated in a container whereupon the thus degasified waste material and the waste gases formed during such heating and drying operation are burned in a combustion chamber directly following the container while fresh air is added to the degasified waste material and to the waste gases formed during the heating operation. The heating of the waste material in the container is effected under exclusion of air, and the thus formed waste gases together with the degasified waste material are passed through a constriction located between the container receiving the waste material to be burned and the combustion chamber, the fresh air being added to the degasified waste material and to the waste gases at the constriction.

Abstract: A bin receives coarse discrete primary shredded fuel material, such as may be derived from municipal refuse, and metering conveyor means move the material from the bin through efficient discharge controlling means to smooth flow conveyor means which deliver the fuel material to means for further preparation, e.g. a reshredder. Thence, the reshredded fuel, which may be preheated, is adapted to be conducted in a suspended, aerated state non-stop into the combustion zone of combustion means such as a boiler or a cement kiln.