Abstract: A method for detaching a liquid lamella from a substrate edge is provided. A tear-off front is configured at at least one point of the liquid lamella. A width of the liquid lamella is then reduced by guiding the tear-off front along the substrate edge. Thus, the width of the liquid lamella prior to being torn off the substrate edge can be reduced by at least 50%, as compared to an original width of the liquid lamella.

Abstract: A device treats substrates with a liquid, which device has a conveying device by which the substrates can be conveyed in a conveying direction through a container containing a liquid. A weir has an edge over which the substrates can run and which, at least in sections, extends obliquely relative to the conveying direction of the substrates. The weir is used in the device for treating substrates with a liquid. The weir has at least one edge which extends obliquely at least in sections.

Abstract: A hot-dip coating equipment includes a cooling rate determining device that includes: a coefficient obtaining section configured to obtain coefficients ?, ?, ?, and ? associated with the hot-dip coating bath, in the following equation that expresses a degree of discoloration YI of the surface of a hot-dip coated steel sheet; and a rate determining section configured to determine an average cooling rate A so as to allow the YI of the following Expression (1) to be not more than a predetermined reference value, YI =(?×[SE]+?)×{(T?ST)/A}1/2+?×[SE]+? . . . (1), where: [SE] is a concentration (mass %) of a specific element contained in the hot-dip coating bath; T is a temperature (° C.) of the hot-dip coating bath; and ST is a solidification temperature (° C.) at which the hot-dip coating bath is solidified.

Abstract: A device treats substrates with a liquid, which device has a conveying device by which the substrates can be conveyed in a conveying direction through a container containing a liquid. A weir has an edge over which the substrates can run and which, at least in sections, extends obliquely relative to the conveying direction of the substrates. The weir is used in the device for treating substrates with a liquid. The weir has at least one edge which extends obliquely at least in sections.

Abstract: A chemical liquid supply apparatus includes a storage container configured to accommodate a chemical liquid for processing a semiconductor substrate, a chemical liquid supply pipe, a supply nozzle, and a grounding conductor. A conductive layer including a non-metallic conductive material is formed on an inner surface of the chemical liquid supply pipe. The supply nozzle includes a non-metallic conductive material. The conductive layer or the supply nozzle is electrically connected to the grounding conductor which is grounded to an outside of the pipe.

Abstract: The systems and methods disclosed herein permit automated preparation of biological specimens for examination. The disclosed systems and methods provide fast, efficient, and highly uniform specimen processing using minimal quantities of fluids. The methods include at least a fixing phase for fixing a biological specimen to a substrate such as a microscope slide, a staining phase for staining the specimen, and a rinsing phase for rinsing the specimen. One or more of the fixing, staining, and rinsing phases include one or more agitation cycles for distributing reagents evenly and uniformly across the specimen. The systems can be implemented as a standalone device or as a component in a larger system for preparing and examining biological specimens.

Abstract: Provided is a manufacturing method for a fiber-reinforced resin sheet, the method being able to favorably impregnate a reinforcing-fiber base material with a thermoplastic resin. A fiber-reinforced resin sheet S is manufactured by introducing a reinforcing-fiber base material F in sheet form and a thermoplastic resin P into the gap between a pair of impregnating rolls 10A, 10B and impregnating the reinforcing-fiber base material F with the thermoplastic resin P while rotating the pair of impregnating rolls 10A, 10B. The surface of each of the pair of impregnating rolls 10A, 10B has formed thereon a resin holding layer 12 that elastically deforms along the thickness direction thereof when the impregnating rolls are pressed against each other and holds the molten thermoplastic resin P therein so as to be able to discharge the thermoplastic resin P upon pressing of the impregnating rolls against each other.

Abstract: An original wafer, typically silicon, has the form of a desired end PV wafer. The original may be made by rapid solidification or CVD. It has small grains. It is encapsulated in a clean thin film, which contains and protects the silicon when recrystallized to create a larger grain structure. The capsule can be made by heating a wafer in the presence of oxygen, or steam, resulting in silicon dioxide on the outer surface, typically 1-2 microns. At least one support element supports the wafer at the time the capsule is provided and blocks only minimal surface area from contact with the film forming atmosphere. There may be a plurality of support elements, or a surface may provide such support. The capsule contains the molten material during recrystallization, and protects against impurities. Recrystallization may be in air. After recrystallization, the capsule is removed.

Abstract: A method for forming a unitary control panel for an appliance is provided. The method includes establishing three-dimensional information of the unitary control panel, converting the three-dimensional information of the unitary control panel into a plurality of slices, and successively forming or additively constructing each cross-sectional layer of the unitary control panel.

Abstract: A fluid dispensing system may include a first die portion having a first face defining a first edge and a second die portion spaced from the first die portion and having a second face facing the first face and defining a second edge, wherein the first edge and the second edge define a fluid outlet opening. The fluid dispensing system may also include a fluid inlet for introducing fluid to a region between the first face and the second face, and a cavity in flow communication with the fluid inlet, wherein the cavity opens to the region between the first face and the second face. The fluid dispensing system may further include a shim disposed between the first die portion and the second die portion to maintain the spaced positioning of the first and second die portions, wherein the shim defines a plurality of channels bounded by the first and second faces and extending from the cavity in a direction toward the fluid outlet.

Abstract: The present invention relates to aluminum plated steel sheet which does not require coating after plating and is high in production flexibility enabling application of conventional production processes as they are or exhibits excellent corrosion resistance to flex fuels and further is excellent in appearance and to fuel tanks characterized by being produced using the steel sheet. The Si, Mg, Ca, and Ti ingredients in the aluminum plating layer are defined and the cooling method after hot dip aluminum coating is controlled to make Mg2Si particles with a long axis of 10 ?m or less and an aspect ratio of 1 to 3 finely disperse in the plating layer. Due to the Mg2Si particles, it is possible to give an excellent corrosion resistance to flex fuels and suppress the deterioration in appearance due to MgO.

Abstract: The present invention provides a spray nozzle, configured with left and right halves, at least one of the left and right halves being defined with a mating surface in which a recess defining width of a linear opening of the nozzle is defined, each end of the nozzle being mounted with fenders jointly define the linear opening of the nozzle along with the recess, wherein the mating surface in which the recess is defined further includes with a N number of partitions dividing the recess into a N+1 number of individual ejectors, wherein N is a positive integer. The present invention is to divide a single mouth of a spray nozzle of larger dimension into a plurality of individual ejectors with smaller dimension. During the acceleration or reduction of the spray nozzle, each individual ejector will deliver a homogeneous and even quantity of working liquid at central and end portions.

Abstract: A reactor assembly having vertically adjustable flow cells is provided. The vertically adjustable flow cells include passageways for distributing a fluid to a reaction region isolated below a bottom surface of corresponding flow cells. The adjustable flow cells enable another dimension of variability for combinatorial processing. Thus, additional data may be gathered for effects on process parameter variations, material variations, process sequence variations, etc., for semiconductor processing operations.

Abstract: In order to remove treatment liquid (21) from a planar material to be treated (10), which is transported in an assembly for wet-chemical treatment of the material to be treated (10), a retaining surface (4, 14) is provided for holding back the treatment liquid (21). The retaining surface (4, 14) is arranged relative to a transport path of the material to be treated (10) so that a gap (8, 18) remains between the retaining surface (4, 14) and a surface of the material to be treated (10) opposing the retaining surface (4, 14), when the material to be treated (10) is moved past the retaining surface (4, 14). The retaining surface (4, 14) may, for example, be provided as an offset portion of a peripheral surface of a roll (2, 3).

Abstract: Provided is a slot die coater that applies electrode slurry to metal foil to produce an electrode, the slot die coater including a die part, which includes a body having an inner space receiving the electrode slurry, a supply hole disposed in the body to supply the electrode slurry to the inner space, and a discharge hole disposed in the body to discharge the electrode slurry from the inner space to the metal foil, and a member for the slot die coater, which is removably installed in the inner space to form a slope surface in the inner space, or a movable member for the slot die coater, which selectively forms the slope surface.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for coating a pipe or a pipe section with a layer of at least one polymer. The method includes providing the pipe or the pipe section having an outer surface defining the periphery of the pipe or the pipe section; applying on the outer surface of the pipe or pipe section a layer of at least one polymer material in melt stage using a nozzle, which is mounted on a carriage capable of travelling along the periphery of the pipe or the pipe section; and moving the carriage along at least a part of the periphery during the application of the polymer material to form a layer on the surface of the pipe or the pipe section that is particularly useful for coating field joints in pipelines.

Abstract: A device is provided for depositing a treatment substance on the surface of a moving thread. The device comprises a tank configured to contain a liquid solution of the substance that is used to deposit the substance on the surface of the thread. The device also includes at least one nozzle having a nozzle inlet configured to receive said solution. The at least one nozzle is directed to spray the received solution towards the thread with a spray velocity in a form of jets, and the jets converge on the thread to adjust a thickness of the solution remaining on the thread by removing excess liquid entrained by the thread. The device further includes a pump that is coupled to the nozzle inlet and a treatment apparatus. The pump is configured to regulate the spray velocity according to a run speed of the thread.

Abstract: A system for controlling a boundary of spreading liquid adhesive on a surface is disclosed. The system includes one or more ultra-violet (UV) sources configurable to emit UV light onto the liquid adhesive; and a control circuit coupled to the one or more UV sources and configured to control the one or more UV sources to selectively apply the UV light at selected locations on the liquid adhesive to cure the adhesive and prevent its further spread at those locations.

Abstract: A camera is used to take an image of an end surface of a honeycomb structure gripped by a hand. Based on the image, an initial rotation angle of the honeycomb structure around a vertical axis at a reference position where the image has been taken is recognized. An arm turning section is driven to convey the honeycomb structure gripped by the hand from the reference position to above a plugging mask. A rotation angle required to adjust the rotation angle of the honeycomb structure on the plugging mask to a desired final rotation angle is acquired based on the initial rotation angle recognized at the reference position and a rotation angle of the honeycomb structure around the vertical axis associated with the driving of the arm turning section from the reference position to above the plugging mask. The honeycomb structure is rotated based on the required rotation angle.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and systems for discretized, combinatorial processing of regions of a substrate such as for the discovery, implementation, optimization, and qualification of new materials, processes, and process sequence integration schemes used in integrated circuit fabrication. A substrate having an array of differentially processed regions thereon is processed by delivering materials to or modifying regions of the substrate.

Abstract: A bottomer for the production of sacks, preferably cross-bottom valve sacks, includes at least one glue unit that applies glue to the components of the sacks. The glue unit includes a nozzle bar, which has at least one nozzle for extruding glue onto the sack components. The glue unit also includes a counter support, which positions the sack components with a force against the nozzle bar.

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided for improved deposition systems. In one embodiment of the present invention, a deposition system is provided for use with a solution and a substrate. The system comprises of a solution deposition apparatus; at least one heating chamber; at least one assembly for holding a solution over the substrate; and a substrate curling apparatus for curling at least one edge of the substrate to define a zone capable of containing a volume of the solution over the substrate. In another embodiment of the present invention, a deposition system for use with a substrate, the system comprising a solution deposition apparatus; at heating chamber; and at least assembly for holding solution over the substrate to allow for a depth of at least about 0.5 microns to 10 mm.

Abstract: Improved apparatus and methods for filtering and applying coating fluids onto substrates. The apparatus and methods are useful for casting embossed sheeting, and in fluid application dies. Improved fluid filtration methods, apparatus, elements and media are also disclosed. An apparatus and method for collection of mist generated in high speed liquid film splitting processes are also disclosed.

Abstract: [Problem] To significantly reduce processing time of a step of adsorbing dye in a porous semiconductor layer on a substrate surface. [Solution] A flow of a dye solution is formed in a gap between solution guide surface (92L, 92R) of a nozzle (20) and a substrate (G) during the treatment, and a porous semiconductor layer of a treated surface of the substrate is subject to dye adsorption treatment in this flow of the dye solution. Furthermore, impact pressure from slit-like discharge openings (88L, 88R) and pressure of turbulent flow in groove-like uneven sections (92L, 92R) act in the vertical direction in addition to the flow of the dye solution. Thus, aggregation and association of the dye are hardly caused on a surface part of the porous semiconductor layer of the treated surface of the substrate, the dye efficiently penetrates deeply into the porous semiconductor layer, and the dye adsorption into the porous semiconductor layer proceeds at high speed.

Abstract: A method and an installation are provided for preserving desired seasoning flavor profiles during the manufacturing of food-seasoning sheets. The method includes the steps of; laying a thin layer of adhesive on a base sheet; removing air from the adhesive prior to the step of laying; reducing free moisture from the adhesive during the step of laying, and depositing food-seasoning ingredients onto the thin layer of adhesive. The installation for manufacturing food-seasoning sheets includes an adhesive dispenser having a reservoir and a delivery slot communicating with the reservoir for dispensing adhesive. The dispenser has a heating element mounted thereto for heating the adhesive. The adhesive is made under a partial vacuum and it is conveyed to the dispenser in a partial vacuum.

Abstract: Broadly speaking, a method and an apparatus are provided for depositing a material on a semiconductor wafer (“wafer”). More specifically, the method and apparatus provide for selective heating of a surface of the wafer exposed to an electroless plating solution. The selective heating is provided by applying radiant energy to the wafer surface. The selective heating of the wafer surface causes a temperature increase at an interface between the wafer surface and the electroless plating solution. The temperature increase at the interface in turn causes a plating reaction to occur at the wafer surface. Thus, material is deposited on the wafer surface through an electroless plating reaction that is initiated and controlled by varying the temperature of the wafer surface using an appropriately defined radiant energy source.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for coating a pipe or a pipe section with a layer of at least one polymer. The method includes providing the pipe or the pipe section having an outer surface defining the periphery of the pipe or the pipe section; applying on the outer surface of the pipe or pipe section a layer of at least one polymer material in melt stage using a nozzle, which is mounted on a carriage capable of travelling along the periphery of the pipe or the pipe section; and moving the carriage along at least a part of the periphery during the application of the polymer material to form a layer on the surface of the pipe or the pipe section that is particularly useful for coating field joints in pipelines.

Abstract: A coating apparatus and method are disclosed that applies a coating to a product in a uniform and controlled manner. The coating apparatus comprises a feeding stage, an optional pre-treatment stage, at least one coating stage and a finishing stage. The coating stage(s) comprise a coating material feeder and a coating device. The coating device includes an aperture conforming to the perimeter of a substrate to be coated in a first and second dimension. As the substrate passes through the aperture, coating material is applied in a uniform and consistent layer. The coating material also back fills minor surface imperfections and blemishes on the substrate to achieve a consistent finish across the whole area where coating material is applied.

Abstract: Tubular structures, for example pipes, are coated at least in an interior thereof with a nickel containing coating via at least one distribution manifold with ports which are received in the interior of the tubular structure. An electroless nickel coating solution may be pumped or supplied via gravity feed to the distribution manifold. The tubular structure may concurrently be immersed in electroless nickel coating solution in a tank. A second distribution manifold may deliver electroless nickel coating solution to the interior of the tubular structure in an opposite direction from the first. The two distribution manifolds may be used as part of a support structure to lift or move the tubular structure. Additional tanks may hold other solutions, for instance cleaning solutions, etching solutions and rinses.

Abstract: An electrode producing method by an electrode producing apparatus has an inclining step of pressing a surface of a current collector sheet with projections extending outwardly from the surface, which is conveyed in a definite direction, to incline the projections in a direction opposite to the definite direction of the current collector sheet; and an applying step of applying a coating solution onto the current collector sheet, the projections of which have been inclined in the inclining step and which is conveyed in the definite direction, by a slit die. After the surface of the current collector sheet is pressed to incline the projections on the sheet surface in the opposite direction to the conveyance direction, the coating solution is applied onto the surface. Therefore, the coating solution can be uniformly applied onto the current collector sheet.

Abstract: There is provided a paste application device which can solve problems of an increased exclusively occupied space attributed to an arrangement of a syringe and of deterioration of a tube. In a paste application unit 15 (a paste application device) for applying a paste 7 stored in a syringe 16 to an application target material, a configuration is adopted in which a pump mechanism 18 for sending the paste 7 under pressure is formed by causing a discharge thread portion 32b provided at a lower portion of a rotary member 32 to rotate about an axis AX within a discharge space 31b provided in a casing portion 31, in which a discharge port 17a, which communicates with the discharge space 31b, is provided at an end portion of the casing portion 31, and in which the syringe 16 is disposed coaxially with the rotary member 32 for detachable connection thereto.

Abstract: A method of dispensing a flowable conductive paste onto a greensheet from a dispensing apparatus comprising an orifice member having first and second surfaces and a bore therethrough between the surfaces, a pressurized chamber adjacent the orifice member first surface containing the paste, and a punch having a face movable through the orifice member bore. The method comprises positioning the punch outside the orifice member bore such that the punch face is spaced from the orifice member first surface, flowing a desired amount of paste onto the punch face, moving the paste on the punch face through the orifice member bore until the punch face extends beyond the orifice member second surface, and contacting the workpiece with the paste while still on the punch face to deposit the paste on the greensheet.

Abstract: The present invention involves a method and apparatus for depositing a silicon oxide onto a substrate from solution at low temperatures in a manner that produces homogeneous growth of the silicon oxide. The method generally comprises the following steps: (a) Chemically treating a substrate to activate it for growth of the silicon oxide. (b) Immersing the treated substrate into a bath with a reactive solution. (c) Regenerating the reactive solution to allow for continued growth of the silicon oxide. In another embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus includes a first container holding a reactive solution, a substrate on which the silicon oxide is deposited, a second container holding silica, and a means for adding silica to the reactive solution.

Abstract: An electrode manufacturing apparatus comprises a conveying section for conveying a current collector sheet having a plurality of through holes; a backup roll for guiding the conveyed current collector sheet; an applicator for supplying a coating liquid to the current collector sheet on the backup roll; and a nip roll for pressing a part of the current collector sheet where the coating liquid is not supplied yet from the applicator against the backup roll.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a double-sided coating apparatus includes a first coating head arranged on one side of a raw material to coat the one side with a coating liquid by alternately forming a coating region and a non-coating region in a direction crossing a delivery direction, a second coating head arranged on the other side of the raw material to coat the other side with the coating liquid by alternately forming the coating region and the non-coating region in the direction crossing the delivery direction, and a coating roller arranged near a position on the one side of the raw material and opposite to the second coating head across the raw material and having a large-diameter portion and a small-diameter portion with different diameters along an axial direction with the small-diameter portion opposite to the coating region and the large-diameter portion opposite to the non-coating region.

Abstract: A coating apparatus and method are disclosed that applies a coating to a product in a uniform and controlled manner. The coating apparatus comprises a feeding stage, an optional pre-treatment stage, at least one coating stage and a finishing stage. The coating stage(s) comprise a coating material feeder and a coating device. The coating device includes an aperture conforming to the perimeter of a substrate to be coated in a first and second dimension. As the substrate passes through the aperture, coating material is applied in a uniform and consistent layer ranging from 0.001 inches to 0.250 inches. The coating material also back fills minor surface imperfections and blemishes on the substrate to achieve a consistent finish across the whole area where coating material is applied. The coating device includes first and second shell portions. The first shell portion has a concave surface surrounding the aperture portion.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for manufacturing an optical film which is superior in transportability and lamination suitability in a lamination step in a polarizing plate processing. A slide coating device includes applying one or more coating liquids flowing down on a slide face to the surface of a continuously traveling strip-shaped support through the bead of the coating liquids, which is formed by the coating liquids in a lip clearance formed between a lip tip in the lower end of the slide face and the surface of the support, and also having guide plates on both ends of the slide face, which guide the downflow of the coating liquids, wherein the guide plates are provided so that the lower ends of the guide plates are retracted from the lip tip by the range of more than 0 mm and less than 4 mm.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses herein may provide for the application of viscous fluids, such as adhesives, in pre-determined patterns to an advancing substrate. The fluid application apparatus may include a slot die applicator and a substrate carrier. The substrate carrier may include one or more pattern elements and may be adapted to advance the substrate past the slot die applicator as the slot die applicator discharges adhesive onto the substrate. In operation, the substrate is disposed on the substrate carrier; the substrate carrier advances the substrate past the slot opening of the slot die applicator. In turn, the substrate is intermittently compressed between the slot die applicator and the pattern surface of the pattern element. As the substrate is intermittently compressed, adhesive discharged from the slot die applicator is applied onto the substrate in an area having a shape substantially the same as a shape defined by the pattern surface.

Abstract: A liquid toner digitally printable media including: a paper substrate; and a toner receiving layer established on at least one surface of the paper substrate. The toner receiving layer includes: pigments, binders, and at least one of cationic polymers and metallic salts. The pigments are from 60 to 95% of total dry weight of the toner receiving layer. The pigments include a major pigment which is at least 60 weight percent of total pigment dry weight. The major pigment includes a rod-like pigment selected from the group consisting of ground calcium carbonate, precipitated calcium carbonate, other rod-like forms of calcium pigment, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A method of coating a moving web of a substrate with a coating, includes applying the coating to the substrate to provide a coating thickness distribution curve along a width direction of the substrate such that: the coating thickness decreases from a position where the thickness is the maximum to the opposite ends of the curve and that the distribution curve has the least curvature at the position with the maximum thickness and contains an end portion having a larger curvature than that of the position with the maximum thickness on both sides of the position with the maximum thickness.

Abstract: An integrated processing tool is described comprising a full-wafer processing module and a combinatorial processing module. Chemicals for use in the combinatorial processing module are fed from a delivery system including a set of first manifolds. An output of each first manifold is coupled to at least one mixing vessel. An output of each mixing vessel feeds more than one of a set of second manifolds. An output of each set of second manifolds feeds one of multiple site-isolated reactors of the combinatorial processing module.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a multilayer information recording medium including at least two information recording portions and a resin layer interposed between the information recording portions, both of which are disposed on a signal substrate. The method includes a first process of forming a predetermined information recording portion on one principal surface of the signal substrate and a second process of passing a part of a resin-containing coating, which is supplied on a screen having an application region with a plurality of first pores and a removal region with a plurality of second pores, through the first pores by sliding a squeegee on the screen so as to form a coating layer on the predetermined information recording portion, and curing the resin contained in the coating layer so as to form the resin layer. The first process and the second process are carried out respectively a predetermined number of times.

Abstract: A coater for coating an electric insulating sheet with coating liquid while sustaining an identical charging polarity of the insulating sheet and the coating liquid in a process for coating one surface of a traveling electric insulating sheet with coating liquid, and a method for producing a coated electric insulating sheet. In order to sustain an identical charging polarity of the insulating sheet and the coating liquid, the coater comprises any one or both of a sheet charger for imparting electrostatic charges to one surface of the electric insulating sheet and a coating liquid charger for imparting electrostatic charges to the coating liquid.

Abstract: An electroless deposition system includes a deposition solution, and saturating the deposition solution with an oxygen concentration in a range from about two thousand parts per million to about twenty thousand parts per million.

Abstract: In an immersion lithography apparatus, the immersion liquid is supplied from a tank via a flow restrictor. The liquid held in the tank is maintained at a substantially constant height above the flow restrictor to ensure a constant flow of liquid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a coating device (10) comprising a coating tank (21) with an opening (22) and a coating roll (31), in which the roll (31) faces the opening (22). A further subject of the invention is a method for coating a substrate with a fluid comprising the steps of (i) supply of a substrate (40) and of a fluid, (ii) application of the fluid to the substrate (40) and (iii) shearing of the fluid by the substrate (40) set in motion in relation to the fluid.

Abstract: An apparatus for coating the surface of a lens includes a carousel having a central hub and a plurality of arms. A drive shaft is mounted to each arm, with a magnetic clutch and a lens holder being operatively attached to the drive shaft. The carousel is configured to be raised, rotated, and lowered into a series of workstations for processing the lens in a predetermined sequence. A workstation has associated therewith a spin drive attached to a reciprocating arm assembly. The spin drive includes a magnetic clutch which may be coupled to the magnetic clutch of any one of the arms on the carousel, such that a rotation generated by the spin drive is transferred to the drive shaft, and the lens holder. The arm assembly is capable of being extended and retracted to selectively engage and disengage the carousel.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for growing a composite metal sulphide photcatalyst thin film, wherein photochemical deposition and chemical bath deposition are both performed for growing the composite metal sulphide thin film, such as (AgInS2)x/(ZnS)2(1-x), wherein x is 0-1.

Abstract: A particle arrangement apparatus of the present invention includes a tank for holding a dispersion of particles, a rotating means for rotating the substrate inside the tank to dip the substrate into the dispersion and to remove the substrate from the dispersion, and a coating means for applying a liquid different from the dispersion to the surface of the substrate when the substrate is not in contact with the dispersion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for grasping, retaining, inverting, coating and transporting a plurality of frangible conical confection shells. The present invention also relates to a modular and reconfigurable manufacturing system for producing frozen cone confections and the like.