Abstract: A process and device for producing a flexible layered article suitable for use in water proof garments wherein one of said layers is a microporous membrane material produced from the "solvent non-solvent" method wherein a fabric backing coated with the membrane material dissolved in a solvent is contacted with a drum having gripping means offering substantial resistance to the natural tendency of the coated fabric to curl when immersed in a non-solvent for the polymer material.

Abstract: To uniformly coat a fiber, it is fed downwards through a passage filled with a coating fluid. The passage has a downwardly tapering lower zone into which fluid is directed from outside the passage uniformly, radially inwardly and downwardly. The fluid directed into the lower zone suppresses turbulence within the fluid at a bottom outlet aperture within the lower zone. The passage at an upper zone is large enough to allow bubbles to float to the surface of the fluid. The arrangement prevents turbulence and air bubbles from causing thinly coated fiber regions which might adversely affect the fiber integrity. The passage is defined by two relatively moveable bodies so that the rate at which the coating fluid is injected into the lower zone can be varied.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for applying finish to yarn and confining finish are disclosed. The apparatus for applying finish features an applicator face which comprises the delivery area of a finish supply duct and the surface area of two primary arcs, one located on either side of the duct and curving in the general direction of yarn travel. The central angle subtended by each of the primary arcs ranges from about 2 to 9 degrees. The edge of each of the primary arcs remote from the duct terminates in a secondary arc which subtends a central angle of 30 to 60 degrees and with a radius length shorter than that of either primary arc. The apparatus for confining finish comprises a housing, plate and baffle(s). The housing substantially encloses a finish application device and has openings for yarn entrance and exit and for take-off of excess finish. The plate is mounted beneath the finish application device. The baffle(s) are disposed between the plate and the take-off opening.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for impregnating reinforcing fibers with a thermosetting resin having a short pot life. The method comprises mixing the components of the resin and supplying the mixed resin under pressure to an enclosed chamber. The reinforcing fibers are pulled through the chamber to rapidly impregnate the fibers with resin and the coated fibers are immediately utilized in forming a molded article.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for applying finish to yarn and confining finish are disclosed. The apparatus for applying finish features an applicator face which comprises the delivery area of a finish supply duct and the surface area of two primary arcs, one located on either side of the duct and curving in the general direction of yarn travel. The central angle subtended by each of the primary arcs ranges from about 2 to 9 degrees. The edge of each of the primary arcs remote from the duct terminates in a secondary arc which subtends a central angle of 30 to 60 degrees and with a radius length shorter than that of either primary arc. The apparatus for confining finish comprises a housing, plate and baffle(s). The housing substantially encloses a finish application device and has openings for yarn entrance and exit and for take-off of excess finish. The plate is mounted beneath the finish application device. The baffle(s) are disposed between the plate and the take-off opening.

Abstract: An apparatus and method effect application of molten size to textile yarns, such as spun yarns. An applicator cylinder is rotatable about a horizontal axis and has a number of grooves circumferentially formed in its surface, with peaked lands between the grooves, each land making an angle of about 8.degree.-12.degree. with respect to a plane bridging the top of an associated groove. A furnisher roll, also rotatable about a horizontal axis, picks up molten size from an open-top trough and delivers it to grooves in the rotating applicator cylinder. The surface of the furnisher roll cooperates with that of the applicator cylinder so that sloping areas of the furnisher roll mate with the lands of the applicator cylinder and so that flat areas of the furnisher roll bridge the entrances to the grooves. The furnisher roll may be of polytetrafluoroethylene machined to correspond to the surface of the applicator cylinder, or may have an elastomeric material surface.

Abstract: An apparatus for applying a coating on a lightguide fiber (60). The apparatus is comprised of a container (10) having the coating die (18) in the bottom portion thereof and a plurality of separating means (26--26) therein which divides the container into an upper chamber (12), a lower chamber (16) and at least one chamber (14) intermediate to the upper and lower chambers. Each separating means (26) is sealed to the inner surface of the container (10) at the outer edge portion and has a small, centrally located aperture (28) which is vertically aligned with the apertures in the other separating means and the coating die (18). Additionally, a means is provided for directing coating material (40), under pressure, into the lower chamber (16).

Abstract: In the manufacture of optical fibres (18) these are coated as quickly as possible with a mechanical protection, suitably in the form of a coating of silicon rubber. The coating is provided by having the fibre pass through a bath (21) of coating material after drawing. As soon as the drawing rate exceeds a certain limit the applied coating becomes uneven. In accordance with the invention this limit can be substantially increased by placing a vibrating member (23), which is in contact with the bath surface, adjacent the point (27) where the fibre (18) passes into the bath (21).

Abstract: Providing an electrical conductor with an insulation layer having a layer of dielectric carrier with magnetically permeable particles dispersed within the carrier, in which homogeneity is maintained in a fluid mixture of a fluid carrier and the particles, the conductor is moved vertically through a die means to coat it with a fluid layer of the mixture, the fluid carrier is dried and thickness of the dried insulation layer is controlled. This control is achieved by monitoring the thickness or diameter of the dried layer and, if a variation exists between the monitored and required values, the rate of fluid flow through the die means is adjusted to adjust the monitored values towards that required.

Abstract: A device for coating optical fibers with at least two coatings. The device comprises a holding block and at least three coating dies. The holding block has an outer surface with first and second ends, and an inner surface defining a channel extending from the first end to the second end. The coating dies are press fit into the channel, separated by resin chambers. The holding block is further provided with passages providing fluid communication between the resin chambers and the outer surfaces of the holding block.

Abstract: The material 3 to be coated with zinc is passed through a zinc melt bath 2 contained in a tub 1 and is kept immersed in said bath by a return guide member 5, at the downstream side of which the materials exits from the tub 1 in a substantially vertical direction.The return guide member 5 consists of a body of elongate shape extending transversely of the longitudinal direction of the tub 1.The return guide member 5 consists of a heat-resistant material which is resistant to temperatures of the order of at least 450.degree. C. to 500.degree. C., has zinc melt repellent properties and is corrosion-resistant under the attack of the zinc melt. It is of substantially pear-shaped cross-sectional configuration with its upper end formed so as to permit its being attached to a retainer clamp 8 in a dovetail connection. The clamp itself is adjustably connected to a transverse carrier structure mounted for pivotal movement about a horizontal axis 19.

Abstract: The apparatus is capable of coating thin objects, such as wires, optical fibers, and the like, with fluids such as enamels, photoresist primers, photoresists, and the like. The apparatus is configured so that the area over which the object is coated and the thickness of the coating can be adjusted. The coating is applied in a reproducible manner. The coating is applied without damaging the articles, such as thin wires and optical fibers having diameters on the order of about 5 to 50 micrometers.

Abstract: The disclosure embraces a method of and apparatus for applying a liquid material aftertreatment to texturized or bulked strand or yarn and particularly strand or yarn of glass fibers or filaments. The method and means of application of the liquid material aftertreatment to the texturized or bulked strand or yarn involves advancing the texturized strand or yarn over an applicator, applicator body or member wherein the applicator body is provided with an opening or orifice through which the liquid material is delivered onto the texturized or bulked strand or yarn and the liquid treated texturized or bulked strand or yarn wound into a package on a rotating body. One of said bodies is reciprocated with respect to the other for traversing the liquid treated texturized strand or yarn lengthwise of the package during winding of the package.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for manufacturing tape-shaped silicon bodies for solar cells wherein a tape-shaped reticulate carrier is passed vertically downwardly through a drawing nozzle including a slot which is full of molten silicon. The drawing nozzle is located above the level of molten silicon in a vat containing such molten silicon, and capillary means are provided to deliver the molten silicon from the vat into the drawing nozzle to fill the same with the molten silicon.

Abstract: Apparatus and a process for coating continuous lengths of filaments are described. The apparatus includes a tubular vessel for applying a fluid coating to a plurality of traveling filaments which are then separated and passed through drying and curing zones in separate and appropriate ovens. The method of the invention, carried out in the apparatus of the invention, is particularly useful to apply special coatings to continuous lengths of hollow fibers to prepare composite hollow fibers useful as separatory membranes.

Abstract: Textile yarn is led through the front face of a die 11, which is located on a moistening device 8, before being fed to the texturing jet 15. The die is fed from a pipe 7 leading from a moisture tank 1 and has an outlet aperture on its front face at the termination of an internal bore. The quantity of fluid fed to the tank 1 is so adjusted by means of a flow regulator 5, that a fluid level h is maintained in the tank, which corresponds to a throughput of fluid through the bore of the die 11 which is matched to the titre and the rate of flow of the yarn.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for filling a cable core unit with powder in a fluidized bed in which the unit is vibrated laterally by introducing energy pulsations into the bed, the pulses being transmitted as successive waves through the powder particles to transfer the energy to the unit and set up the vibration. In preferred constructions, the pulsations are set up by a reciprocating piston means disposed beneath the upper surface of the powder. There may be two or more piston means spaced in the feed path direction for the unit or a single piston extending.

Abstract: A hollow impregnation ring for coating fibers with a binder, the ring having a slot thru which the binder flows onto the fibers. The pressure of said binder within said ring controlling a seal and the flow of said binder from said slot.

Abstract: The occurrence of defects on wire coated with an aluminum-zinc alloy coating applied by hot dipping in a molten coating bath is substantially decreased by preventing the deposition of zinc powder particles upon the surface of the molten aluminum-zinc coating prior to solidification of the coating. The deposition of metallic zinc powder particles upon the molten aluminum-zinc coating may be alleviated in several different manners, including preventing the formation of the zinc powder, preventing the accumulation of the zinc powder upon the surface of the molten aluminum-zinc bath, decomposing the zinc powder before it accumulates and exhausting or removing the zinc powder from the vicinity of the molten metal coated wire as it leaves the molten bath. Several novel apparatus arrangements for accomplishing the above are disclosed.

Abstract: In the hot-dip coating of wire, a sinker assembly is utilized for guiding the wire during its travel through the molten metal bath. The outer perimeter or bearing surface around which the wire is wrapped is composed of alumina or other refractory segments housed within the sinker assembly. The discrete segments are provided with a small clearance to permit some movement, within the confines of the housing, along the locus of the wire travel. The outer surface of the discrete segments is grooved, so that the wire wrapped therearound bears solely on the internal sides of the groove.

Abstract: A method for wiping coated wire or strip which emerges vertically from a bath of molten metal, wherein the coated wire or strip, passes vertically through a pad wiping zone located above and spaced apart from the bath of molten metal. A pad wiping assembly is provided above the bath of molten metal and is adjustable by adjustment means from a position exterior the bath of molten metal.The pad wiping assembly includes pad wiping material in the form of compressed non-combustible material and strip or wire wiping pads are replaceable.

Abstract: A yarn finish applicator in which finish is metered to a slot running from top to bottom of the applicator. The configuration of the body of the applicator and its slot provides an edge at the exit end of the applicator and a slot that is slightly wider at the location at which finish is metered to the slot than at exit of the slot. Two rods are located just below the exit edge of the applicator to collect and drain to a receiver any drops of excess finish which form at the exit edge of the applicator when the threadline is not running.

Abstract: A drying oven for an indefinite length of material having a drying chamber surrounded by an annular heat exchanger, the drying chamber having an inlet and outlet for material passing through it. The heat exchanger has heat exchange members defining flow passages extending axially and around the chamber and having an incoming passage interconnected with an outgoing passage by means of the drying chamber.

Abstract: A method of dyeing yarns is provided wherein a single yarn or a web of parallel yarns is passed through a falling stream of liquid dyestuff which is substantially at boiling temperature when it contacts the yarn. The falling stream may be interrupted intermittently or may be traversed to and fro of the yarn to dye the yarn intermittently. Apparatus for conducting the method is described.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating textile cord on a continuous basis where the cord is sequentially treated by application of aqueous solution passed through a squeeze roll station, passed through a pull roll station and then to a drying operation. The applied liquid is additionally removed from the cord by specially positioned and designed elastomeric squeeges located in the squeeze roll area and the pull roll area.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for impregnating a fabric reinforcement structure with a liquid impregnant especially suited for impregnants which set rapidly under normal conditions. The reinforcement structure is continuously advanced through a column of liquid impregnant to which impregnant is continuously supplied so as to cause the impregnant to move in a direction opposite to that in which the reinforcement structure is advanced.

Abstract: A gas wiping die for wiping wire issuing from a molten metal coating bath is provided with critical parameters with respect to the die angle, the length and thickness of the die orifice and the relationship of the sides of the orifice, the throat diameter of the die and the height above the molten bath surface. The thickness of molten coatings on wire wiped with the combined die can be very accurately controlled by changes in wiping gas pressure.

Abstract: A yarn finish applicator in which finish is metered to a slot running from top to bottom of the applicator. The configuration of the body of the applicator and its slot provides an edge at the exit end of the applicator and a slot that is slightly wider at the location at which finish is metered to the slot than at exit of the slot. Two rods are located just below the exit edge of the applicator to collect and drain to a receiver any drops of excess finish which form at the exit edge of the applicator when the threadline is not running.

Abstract: In a method for manufacturing a stranded conductor for an electric power cable comprising a process for forming insulating films by passing an uninsulated stranded conductor constituted by a plurality of stranded conductive strands through oxidizing liquid, the stranded conductor passing through the liquid is curved at an angle of 3.degree. to 10.degree. in a predetermined path to form gaps between the strands, and the oxidizing liquid is caused to penetrate between the strands through the gaps to form oxide films on the surfaces of the strands.

Abstract: A liquid receptacle in the form of a chamber has a slit in one section thereof, the elongated sides of the slit being parallel straight lines. The chamber communicates through another section thereof with means for the supply thereto of a liquid treating composition at a controlled rate. Guide means configures a traveling multi-filament textile yarn in a close-packed monofilamentary layer and directs the so-configured traveling textile yarn under a desired tension and at a right angle over the slit and in contact with the chamber at a point downstream of the slit and in proximity thereto. The minimum length of the slit is equal to the total width of the traveling textile yarn when configured in a close-packed monofilamentary layer; and the width of the slit is between about 0.001 and 0.01 inches.

Abstract: A system for preparing a composite crimped filament (2) using a nipping type false-twisting apparatus (7) which has two endless intercrossing belts (13), (16) whose working surfaces are urged against each other in their intercrossing region (17) to nip the filament yarns (2) therebetween. A liquid is applied to the yarns (2) upstream of the false twister (7) to reduce friction and heat.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the treatment of fabric materials with a liquid finishing agent such as a liquid repellant is disclosed. The method involves passing a strip of the fabric through a bath of the liquid finishing agent across a stationary fabric contacting surface. In the preferred embodiment, the fabric is subjected to ultra-sonic energy while immersed in the bath at a power level and frequency such that cavitation occurs in the bath adjacent the submerged material.

Abstract: A combined gas wiping die and closed protective atmosphere chamber for treating linear material issuing from a molten metal coating bath is provided with gas exit orifices leading from the hood to the external environment. The gas exit orifices have a combined cross sectional area less than the total cross sectional area of the throat of the wiping die. The combined wiping die and protective chamber with limited area exit orifices is used with a wiping gas such as nitrogen or argon. The thickness of molten coatings on linear material wiped with the combined die and protective chamber can be very accurately controlled by changes in wiping gas pressure.

Abstract: In application of metered finish to a high speed running yarn, a felt plug or other resistance to fluid flow is provided in the finish passageway just prior to the exit.

Abstract: Winding apparatus for the manufacture of fiberglass pipe and other filament-wound, reinforced resinous products comprises a rotatable mandrel; a vat stationed adjacent the mandrel and adapted to contain a quantity of liquid, settable resin; and a reciprocating carriage assembly supporting the vat. The filamentous reinforcing material is guided across the top of an applicator roll rotatably mounted within the vat thereby impregnating the filaments with resin. The impregnated filaments then are squeegeed and guided onto the mandrel, the rotation of which pulls the filaments through the vat. As the carriage mounting the vat reciprocates, the filaments are wound on the mandrel in a predetermined pattern to produce the finished filament-wound, reinforced resinous product.

Abstract: In application of metered finish to a high speed running yarn, the exit portion of the finish passageway is angled such that a positive atmospheric gauge pressure adjacent to the exit of said passageway is maintained.

Abstract: In application of metered finish to a high speed running yarn, a vent is provided in the finish passageway just prior to the exit.

Abstract: In application of metered finish to a high speed running yarn, a check valve at the end of the finish passageway prevents entrained air fluctuations from entering the finish passageway.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for supplying a liquid to an advancing strand comprising: a frame; first actuator means associated with said frame; a first element mounted on said frame, said first element having a port adapted to supply said liquid to said strand; a member mounted on said first element; a second element fastened to said member, said second element being spaced from said first element, said second element having a port adapted to supply said liquid to said strand; a third element journaled at said member, said third element being spaced from said first element and said second element; and second actuator means associated with said first actuator means, said second actuator means being fastened to said third element, said first actuator means and said second actuator means being adapted to move said strand such that said strand does not contact said liquid supplied at said port of said first element when said member is in a first position, said second element being positioned such that said strand does

Abstract: Method and apparatus for applying liquid to a yarn in which the direction of travel of the wetted yarn is changed to an extent effective to cause excess liquid to be ejected into a space adjacent the yarn by failing to wholly make said change in direction of travel with the yarn. A preferred apparatus includes a pair of slotted plates. A slot in one plate effects the required change in direction of travel while the other plate provides a collecting surface for the ejected liquid.

Abstract: A tank furnace comprises a first container containing a molten flux and connected with a hoisting mechanism, and a second container containing a molten coating metal. The second container is stationary mounted so as to be placed inside the first container when in its upper position. The mechanism for advancing articles into the coating zone is connected with a device for controlling the depth of immersion of the articles being coated. The first container is fitted with electrodes.

Abstract: Flexible core such as rubber rod useful as an internal mandrel in the construction of tubular articles, such as hose, is coated with a liquid lubricant substantially undiluted with solvent, and excess lubricant is removed using high pressure liquid spray jets impacting the core angularly and countercurrent to the direction of movement of the mandrel.

Abstract: A method of preparing resin sheets reinforced by glass and carbon strands is described in which the glass strands are passed through a resin bath. The glass strands are passed through a die as they emerge from the bath to control their resin content and wound on a mandrel. The carbon strands are passed directly into the die and are wetted by the resin in the die and on the mandrel. The glass and carbon strands are laid on the mandrel with resin to provide a resin sheet containing 5 to 70 percent glass by weight and 60 to 5 percent carbon strand by weight.

Abstract: The heat treatment of a continuous band or sheet of metal as the same travels through a plurality of stages in a protective atmosphere, between conveying rollers, by applying direct-current electricity to the rollers for inclusion of the travelling sheet in the circuit therebetween. The charged rollers in the initial stage are spaced more widely from one another than those in the later stage, to compensate for the lower resistivity of the metal in the former, so that the Joule effect or I.sup.2 R factor in the stages are substantially equalized. The protective atmosphere of oxidizing, reducing or inert gases which encompasses the sheet, is confined in chambers of galvanized iron sheeting and the like, the walls of which are in close proximity to the travelling sheet, so that lesser amounts of reacting gases are necessary.

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus for applying a thin layer of liquid systems to fibers, threads or sheets which are moved uniformly in a linear direction which comprises continuously foaming the liquid system and bringing the threads, fibers or sheets into contact with the foamed system by a one-way process.

Abstract: An applicator for applying a size to a strand comprises a reservoir for storing the size, an applicator surface on which the strand contacts the size, and a conduit to deliver the size from the reservoir to the applicator surface as a film. Means is provided for altering the configuration of the conduit to alter the thickness of the film.

Abstract: A metal wire to be coated with thermoplastic material is advanced at high speed, e.g. of 100 meters per minute, through a codirectionally moving mass of thermoplastic particles after having been heated to a temperature high enough to cause adhesion of these particles to the wire. The mass is mechanically entrained in a treatment chamber by an endless belt or the like at a speed close enough to that of the wire to hold the velocity difference therebetween below a threshold value, such as 30 meters per minute, above which an abrasive effect sets in which tends to detach already adhering particles from the wire. Upon exiting from the treatment chamber, the wire is reheated to fuse these particles into a continuous envelope and is then subjected to an electrostatic flocking operation for studding the envelope with radially projecting cellulosic fibers forming a velvety coating thereon.

Abstract: The invention is related to a process for the quantitative application of liquid systems in a thin layer to natural or synthetic fibres or filaments travelling uniformly along a linear path by the one-way technique using a forced-dosage unit, distinguished by the fact that fibres or filaments are guided past at least one slot which is either curved or provided with partial curves, and are brought into contact with an optionally foamed liquid issuing from the slot.

Abstract: A glass fiber is drawn through a rotating body of flowable coating material to apply the material thereon and then is further drawn through a throat section of an open ended cage formed by a plurality of wire strands forming a hyperboloid of rotation. As the glass fiber is drawn through the throat section the previously applied flowable material contacts the wire strands causing a vortex of material which centers the fiber in the throat and distributes the material uniformly and concentrically thereon.

Abstract: An assembly for applying liquid material, for example, liquid resin, to elongated material, for example glass fiber strands, is disclosed herein. This assembly includes means for maintaining a supply of the liquid resin in a container and transferring some of it from the container to a stationary, preferably flat, surface which is positioned out of direct contact with the resin supply. The glass fiber strands are moved over the stationary surface and through the liquid resin thereon.