Abstract: According to an example, an apparatus may include a printhead to deliver a printing liquid from firing chambers through a plurality of bores arranged along a surface of the printhead. The apparatus may also include a cleaning system to apply a pressurized cleaning fluid onto the surface of the printhead while preventing application of the pressurized cleaning fluid into the firing chambers through the plurality of bores.

Abstract: An additive manufacturing system has an aerosol generator to aerosolize a powder, a deposition surface, a surface charging element to apply a blanket charge to the deposition surface, a charging print head to selectively remove portions of the blanket charge from the deposition surface, and a transport system to transport the aerosol powder from the aerosol generator to the deposition surface, the transport system having an aerosol charging element to apply charge opposite of the blanket charge to the aerosol powder. An additive manufacturing process includes creating an aerosol from a powder at a spray generator, charging the aerosol to produce a charged aerosol having a first charge, forming a blanket charge on a deposition surface having a second charge of an opposite polarity from the first charge, selectively removing regions of the blanket charge, and transporting the charged aerosol to the charged regions to form structures on the charged regions from the charged aerosol.

Abstract: The liquid ejecting device uses pressurized gas to eject liquid as a spray of fine particles and is provided with internal gas-flow passageway to supply pressurized gas, and a nozzle section with a slit-shaped liquid ejecting opening to discharge liquid. The nozzle section is near the end of the an elongated main unit of the liquid ejecting device, and gas jet openings to discharge pressurized gas are established between inclined nozzle surfaces and sidewalls of the main unit. The liquid ejecting opening is connected with liquid-flow passageway and the gas jet openings are connected with the gas-flow passageway. Viewed in cross-section, the inclined nozzle surfaces are formed such that their extensions intersect above the liquid ejecting opening on a line extending from the liquid ejecting opening, and pressurized gas is discharged as jets along the inclined nozzle surfaces to intersect in a manner that sandwiches the liquid in between and breaks-up the liquid-flow to produce a spray of fine particles.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for coating a substrate with particles, wherein the following method steps are carried out in a vacuum: positioning a substrate surface of the substrate to be coated in a vacuum and in the direction of a region in which there are disposed solid particles with which the substrate surface is to be coated; and; and introducing electrons into the solid particles for electrostatic charging of the solid particles in such a way that a force brought about by the electrostatic charging separates the solid particles from one another and accelerates them in the direction of the substrate surface of the substrate for coating of the substrate surface with at least a portion of the separated solid particles. A device that can be used in accordance with the disclosure has a particle container, a substrate holder and an electron source.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for detecting an electric arc based on an analog output signal (104) of at least one acoustic wave sensor (102), this device including: an analog-to-digital converter (106) capable of sampling and digitizing the output signal (104) of the sensor (102); a digital processing circuit (110) capable of implementing a frequency domain analysis of the digital output signal (108) of the converter (106) enabling to detect the possible presence of an arc based on its acoustic signature; and an analog circuit (118) for detecting the exceeding of a power threshold by the output signal (104) of the sensor (102), wherein the digital processing circuit (110) is configured to implement the frequency domain analysis only on detection of the exceeding of a threshold by the analog circuit (118).

Abstract: Certain examples of apparatus for applying fluid in a printing system are described. The apparatus comprise a first chamber having a first aperture extending along a first axis, and a second chamber having a second aperture extending along a second axis, wherein the first axis is substantially parallel to the second axis. The second chamber is movable with respect to the first chamber. Also, methods for supplying a fluid, and printing systems are described.

Abstract: A method of powder coating a substrate includes receiving a powder coating material into a feed input, using the feed input, melting the powder coating material into a homogeneous fluid of powder coating material, receiving the homogeneous fluid of powder coating material into a filament extension atomizer positioned in-line with the feed input, atomizing, with the filament extension atomizer, the received homogeneous fluid of powder coating material into multiple droplets of powder coating material, cooling the droplets of powder coating material to a processing temperature that prevents the droplets from agglomerating, and directing the cooled droplets through a deposition passage positioned in-line with the filament extension atomizer, the deposition passage configured to direct at least a portion of the cooled droplets towards a substrate.

Abstract: A system and method for coating a substrate, the system including integrated powder coating material preparation and deposition of powder coating material onto a substrate. The system includes a feed input that processes the powder coating materials for use in a filament extension atomizer. The filament extension atomizer stretches fluid filaments of the powder coating material to form droplets of powder coating material. The droplets of powder coating material are partially cooled to prevent agglomeration and to form a powder coating material suitable for electrostatic deposition. The cooled powder coating material is electrostatically charged and directed onto the substrate surface, where it is deposited due to the electrostatic potential between the substrate and cooled droplets. The deposited powder coating material is then cured to the substrate to form a cohesive film of coating material across the substrate.

Abstract: A process chamber includes a wafer support to mount a wafer to be processed in the process chamber, with the wafer having an annular edge exclusion area. A first electrically grounded ring extends in an annular path radially outward of the edge exclusion area and is electrically isolated from the wafer support. A second electrode is configured with a center area opposite to the wafer support. A second electrically grounded ring extends in an annular path radially outward of the second electrode and the edge exclusion area. The second electrically grounded ring is electrically isolated from the center area. An annular mount section has a DC bias ring, and the DC bias ring opposes the edge exclusion area when the wafer is present. A DC control circuit is provided for applying a DC voltage to the DC bias ring.

Abstract: A coating gun includes: a high-voltage generating device that is used to generate high voltage; an air motor that is a motor portion to which the high voltage is applied; a bell cup that is supported on a rotary shaft of the air motor and to which the high voltage is applied; a CCV unit that selectively supplies a plurality of types of coatings to the bell cup; a gun body that is a casing and that contains the high-voltage generating device, the air motor and the CCV unit; and a coupling portion that is used to couple the gun body to a robot arm and that is grounded. The air motor and the CCV unit are electrically connected to each other via a first resistor, and the coupling portion and the CCV unit are electrically connected to each other via a second resistor.

Abstract: A coating apparatus produces a spray of charged droplets and controls the spray angle of travel of the spray toward the object to be coated. Electrically charging droplets minimizes the amount of coating material required to uniformly coat a surface as compared to conventional web coating techniques such as blade coating. An inductive ring guides the spray charged droplets as they exit the nozzle of a spray device. The electrostatic repulsion between the charged droplets insures that a uniform coating of liquid formulation can be applied to a web surface.

Abstract: A method and an arrangement are disclosed for producing an electrically conductive pattern on a surface. Electrically conductive solid particles are transferred onto an area of predetermined form on a surface of a substrate. The electrically conductive solid particles are heated to a temperature that is higher than a characteristic melting point of the electrically conductive solid particles, thus creating a melt. The melt is pressed against the substrate in a nip, wherein a surface temperature of a portion of the nip that comes against the melt is lower than said characteristic melting point.

Abstract: A printing device includes a nozzle and an extractor. An electrostatic extraction field is generated at the extractor and at a discharge opening of the nozzle to extract polarized ink from the nozzle for deposition on a printing substrate. The extractor includes an electrically conductive portion for application of one side of a voltage potential to generate the electrostatic field. The extractor can be in the form of an extractor plate with an opening through which the extracted ink passes, or the extractor can be in the form of another nozzle. The printing device provides a directionality field that affects the trajectory of the extracted ink. The directionality field can include the electrostatic field or a gas flow field. The printing device is useful for electrohydrodynamic jet, or e-jet, printing on a non-conductive substrate.

Abstract: A method of pulsed laser processing of solid surface for enhancing surface hydrophobicity is disclosed wherein the solid surface is covered with a transparent medium during laser processing and the laser beam incidents through the covering medium and irradiates the solid surface. Two effects are obtained simultaneously. One is the laser-induced texture formation directly under the laser irradiation. The other is the deposition of the laser-removed materials along the laser scan lines. Both effects introduce surface roughness on nanometer scales, and both enhance surface hydrophobicity, rendering superhydrophobicity on the surfaces of both the laser-irradiated solid and the covering medium. Because the beam scan line spacing can be larger than a single scan line width by multiple times, this method provides a high processing speed of square inch per minute and enables large area processing.

Abstract: An apparatus for the controlled deposition of particles onto a film or a substrate, including: a frame arranged to support a film or a substrate having first and second surfaces facing in first and second opposite directions, respectively; a nozzle arranged to emit a stream of particles charged with a first polarity toward the first surface; and an electrode: charged with a second polarity, opposite the first polarity, and located adjacent the second surface; and arranged to attract the stream of particles to a region of the first surface. A line orthogonal to the first surface passes through the region and the electrode.

Abstract: A system for in-process orientation of particles used in direct-write inks for fabricating a component may include a device for polarizing direct-write particles in an aerosol. An outlet may direct the aerosol including the polarized direct-write particles on a substrate to form a component. An apparatus may cause the polarized direct-write particles to be aligned in a selected orientation to form the component with predetermined characteristics when deposited on the substrate.

Abstract: The main object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a pattern formed body by the electric field jet method, capable of stabilizing the discharge amount and the discharge direction of a liquid. The present invention achieves the object by providing a method for manufacturing a pattern formed body characterized in that a pattern is formed on a substrate by: discharging a liquid from a discharge orifice by applying a voltage between a first electrode, disposed in the vicinity of the discharge orifice of a nozzle of a discharge head, and a second electrode, disposed in between the discharge orifice and the substrate, having an opening for discharge; and adhering the liquid onto the substrate by passing through the opening for discharge of the second electrode.

Abstract: A method of forming a pattern includes: providing a heating substrate that selectively controls positions where heat is generated by controlling locations where electric current flows; forming a pattern forming material on a surface of the heating substrate; aligning a patterning substrate, on which a pattern may be formed, to face a surface of the heating substrate; and selectively applying electric current to the heating substrate to transfer some of the pattern forming material onto the patterning substrate. According to the method of forming the pattern and a method of fabricating an OLED, the pattern is transferred by heating the pattern forming material formed on the heating substrate, and thus, the pattern may be formed with high accuracy without using a mask, and the pattern forming material remaining on the heating substrate may be re-used.

Abstract: A process chamber includes a wafer support to mount a wafer to be processed in the process chamber, with the wafer having an annular edge exclusion area. A first electrically grounded ring extends in an annular path radially outward of the edge exclusion area and is electrically isolated from the wafer support. A second electrode is configured with a center area opposite to the wafer support. A second electrically grounded ring extends in an annular path radially outward of the second electrode and the edge exclusion area. The second electrically grounded ring is electrically isolated from the center area. An annular mount section has a DC bias ring, and the DC bias ring opposes the edge exclusion area when the wafer is present. A DC control circuit is provided for applying a DC voltage to the DC bias ring.

Abstract: A method provides a layer of a first liquid on a first area of a surface using an elongate applicator, an elongate gap being formed between the applicator and the surface, the gap being filled with an elongate globule of the first liquid, and an amount of a second liquid being arranged in contact with the applicator and with the globule, the first liquid and the second liquid being immiscible and the first area having a higher wettability for the first liquid than for the second liquid. The method includes applying a relative motion between the applicator and the surface, wherein the amount of second liquid being arranged only on a trailing side of the applicator.

Abstract: An electrostatic spray printing apparatus includes a nozzle, a first voltage supply, and two guide electrodes. The nozzle sprays a solution containing an organic material. The first voltage supply divides the solution sprayed from the nozzle into fine droplets by applying a positive voltage to the nozzle. The guide electrodes are arranged to be spaced apart from each other with an end of the nozzle therebetween, extends in a first direction, and are grounded. The electrostatic spray printing apparatus forms an organic pattern with a uniform thickness.

Abstract: Provided according to an aspect of the present disclosure is an electric field aided robotic nozzle printer including a solution storage apparatus for supplying a discharging solution; a nozzle for discharging the discharging solution supplied by the solution storage apparatus; a voltage applying apparatus for applying high voltage onto the nozzle; a flat and movable collector, in which organic wires formed after discharge from the nozzle are aligned; a robot stage, which is installed below the collector and enables to move the collector in an x-y direction (horizontal direction) within a horizontal plane; a micro distance controller for regulating the distance between the nozzle and the collector in a Z direction (vertical direction); and a base plate, which is installed below the robot stage, for maintaining flatness of the collector and preventing vibration generated during the operation of the robot stage.

Abstract: Stabilized precursor solutions can be used to form radiation inorganic coating materials. The precursor solutions generally comprise metal suboxide cations, peroxide-based ligands and polyatomic anions. Design of the precursor solutions can be performed to achieve a high level of stability of the precursor solutions. The resulting coating materials can be designed for patterning with a selected radiation, such as ultraviolet light, x-ray radiation or electron beam radiation. The radiation patterned coating material can have a high contrast with respect to material properties, such that development of a latent image can be successful to form lines with very low line-width roughness and adjacent structures with a very small pitch.

Abstract: A system that incorporates teachings of the present disclosure may include, for example, an apparatus having a tube with an ingress opening to receive a liquid, and an egress opening to release the liquid, a conductor positioned in a conduit of the tube, the conductor and the conduit having dimensions to cause a surface tension of the liquid to prevent a constant flow of the liquid from the egress opening, and a power supply coupled to the conductor to apply a charge to the liquid to overcome the surface tension and form at the egress opening a single jet stream of the liquid applicable on a substrate to create a pattern. The single jet stream can be controllable in part by a viscosity of the liquid. Additional embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Systems and methods for coating medical devices are provided that allow for relatively precise control over the deposition area and coating uniformity with improved efficiency. A microdrop source is used to provide a flow of coating microdrops. A charging electrode disposed near the outlet of the coating source gives each microdrop an electrostatic charge. As the microdrop travels toward the medical device to be coated, a control electrode alters the trajectory of the microdrop. The invention can include a scanner to scan or image the medical device as the coating is applied and a control system to adjust parameters of the deposition process based on information provided by the scanner.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods protect a central process exclusion region of a substrate during processing of an edge environ region of process performance. Removal of undesired materials is only from the edge environ region while the central device region is protected from damage. Field strengths are configured to protect the central region from charged particles from plasma in a process chamber and to foster removal of the undesired materials from only the edge environ region. A magnetic field is configured with a peak value adjacent to a border between the central and edge environ regions. A strong field gradient extends from the peak radially away from the border and away from the central region to repel the charged particles from the central region. The strength and location of the field are adjustable by axial relative movement of magnet sections, and flux plates are configured to redirect the field for desired protection.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for electrostatic spray deposition (ESD) for fabricating a thin-layer yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte on a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) anode substrate constructed of nickel-YSZ cermet. By reducing the thickness of the electrolyte, and thereby reducing the cell internal IR drop, an intermediate temperature SOFC (ITSOFC) can operate at 600-800° C. A collar positioned at a distance from a discharge end of a spray nozzle enhances a spray pattern of a precursor including the electrolyte material and thus provides a very thin electrolyte layer.

Abstract: A method and system for coating the functional surfaces of symmetrically serrated components, in particular the tooth flanks of gears, includes a coating source emitting coating material in the form of electrically charged particles in the direction of a revolving component. A high-quality functional surface coating of the component is achieved in that a shield is arranged in the beam path between the component and the coating source transversely to the irradiation direction, which shields the component from the coating beam in a contour area with a functional surface orientation inclined flatly with respect to the irradiation direction.

Abstract: A sublimation printing apparatus (1) which includes a tray (2) for receiving a three dimensional object (10) having a film (12) carrying sublimable ink, an infrared heater (3) mounted adjacent the tray (2) and a airflow inducing device (4). The infrared heater (3) is operable to direct infrared radiation toward the tray (2). The airflow inducing device (4) is operable to induce a flow of air across the film (12).

Abstract: A liquid film applicator means can apply a photosensitive lyophobic film 18 to a substrate 16. An exposure unit 10 is placed on the back side of the substrate and forms the lyophobic film applied on the substrate into a pattern in alignment with gate electrodes 13. A dropping unit 55 drops a test liquid to a surface of the substrate having a pattern of the lyophobic film formed by the exposure means. A measuring means 58 detects the droplet dropped by the dropping unit. A determining means determines whether the pattern of the lyophobic film formed by the exposure means is proper or not based on the droplet detected by the detecting means.

Abstract: A method for edge sealing a fiber-reinforced component formed from a carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastic or duroplastic plastic material includes electrostatic coating of at least one section of an edge of the component with a thermoplastic powder so as to form a powder coating; and fusing and cross-linking the powder coating in a furnace so as to create a smooth edge seal.

Abstract: A method of forming a pattern includes: providing a heating substrate that selectively controls positions where heat is generated by controlling locations where electric current flows; forming a pattern forming material on a surface of the heating substrate; aligning a patterning substrate, on which a pattern may be formed, to face a surface of the heating substrate; and selectively applying electric current to the heating substrate to transfer some of the pattern forming material onto the patterning substrate. According to the method of forming the pattern and a method of fabricating an OLED, the pattern is transferred by heating the pattern forming material formed on the heating substrate, and thus, the pattern may be formed with high accuracy without using a mask, and the pattern forming material remaining on the heating substrate may be re-used.

Abstract: An apparatus, a method, a planar insulating substrate and a chipset have been presented, comprising at least one module configured to establish a predefined pattern on a planar insulating substrate so that conductive particles can gather according to the predefined pattern. At least one another module is configured to transfer the conductive particles to the planar insulating substrate, wherein the conductive particles are arranged to gather according to the predefined pattern. A sintering module is configured to fuse the conductive particles on the planar insulating substrate, wherein the conductive particles are arranged to fuse according to the predefined pattern to establish a conductive plane on the planar insulating substrate. Embodiment of the invention relate to printable or printing electronics on a fibrous web.

Abstract: A lubricant dispensing system is provided. The dispensing system includes a lubricant supply, a lubricant dispensing nozzle and a control panel. The dispensing nozzle includes a nozzle body with a fluid passageway therein which is in fluid communication with the lubricant supply, an electrode assembly for electrostatically charging lubricant in the fluid passageway and at least one discharge orifice through which electrostatically charged lubricant can be discharged. The discharge orifice is defined by at least one spray needle having a first end in fluid communication with the fluid passageway and a second end that extends outward of the nozzle body. The control panel directs the flow of lubricant from the lubricant supply to the lubricant dispensing nozzle and controls the electric power supplied to the electrode assembly.

Abstract: A rotary electrostatic atomizer uses shaping air and pattern control air. Shaping airflow is supplied from shaping air holes aligned along outer one of concentric circles that are concentric with the rotation axis of the bell cup and located behind the front end of the bell cup. Pattern control airflow is supplied from pattern control air holes aligned along inner one of the concentric circles. Both the shaping air flow and the pattern control airflow are expelled in circumferentially twisted directions substantially with an equal twist angle opposite from the rotating direction of the bell cup. The shaping airflow passes a circular line near to and radially outwardly apart from the outer perimeter of the bell cup. The pattern control airflow intersects the shaping airflow from radially inside at the position near to and radially outwardly apart from the outer perimeter of the bell cup.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for manufacturing a resin coated metal sheet. The method includes extruding a molten organic resin by heating from a T-die onto a metal sheet; dropping molten resin onto pre-rolls arranged between the T-die and lamination rolls, and bringing the molten resin in contact with the pre-rolls; and pressing the molten resin and the metal sheet by the lamination rolls to manufacture the resin-coated metal sheet. Electrically conductive bodies are arranged parallel to the widthwise direction of the pre-rolls, and the molten resin is dropped onto the pre-rolls in a state that an electric current is supplied to the conductive bodies, bringing the molten resin into contact with the pre-rolls by electrostatic pinning whereby an oligomer adhered to the pre-rolls is transferred to the surface of the molten resin and removed.

Abstract: Techniques and apparatus for substantially reducing and/or preventing the occurrence of plasma un-confinement events, including one or more of shielding a gap disposed between chamber components and along a RF current path with a dielectric shielding structure, shielding a sharp component structure with a dielectric shielding structure, and keeping the gap between adjacent pairs of plasma confinement rings smaller than the worst-case DeBye length for the plasma.

Abstract: A hand held UV lamp and beam generator has resistive ballast provided by a glowing wire and thermal ballast provided by heated air coming via the same hot wire. A detachable reflector housing has curved symmetric spars in a generally parabolic shape defining an axis with an elongated axially lamp at a focal line. Heated air flows through the spars heating the lamp in a start mode and cooling the lamp in a run mode. The lamp and beam generator is made from electrical components found in a household hair dryer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to film or coating deposition and powder formation.

Abstract: An air source (11) is connected to an air motor (3) through an electropneumatic converter (12) which is connected to a rotational controller (13). Upon changing settings in a target rotational speed (N0) or paint discharge rate (Q0), in order to supply a necessary air pressure for rotationally driving the air motor (3) in a steady state with new setting conditions, the rotation controller (13) selects a steady value (is) from a rotational data selection processing table, and outputs to the electropneumatic converter (12) the newly selected steady value (is) as an input current value (i). By so doing, the rotational speed of the air motor (3) is quickly controlled toward the changed target rotational speed (N0).

Abstract: A manufacturing method for multistage adhesive applying and color separation flocking, and a device specifically used therefor are disclosed. The manufacturing method comprises: (1) dividing multistage adhesive applying and flocking zones according to several blocks in different colors of a product; (2) drying and air cooling after each register adhesive applying and color separation flocking process, to form a manufacturing unit for completing one color flocking; (3) arranging successively several sets of manufacturing units according to the number of blocks in different colors; (4) starting from the first color, register adhesive applying, color separation flocking, drying and air cooling successively within respective positions of each manufacturing unit on the base cloth to be printed; (5) performing only register adhesive applying in the manufacturing unit for the last color, while performing flocking, drying and air cooling by a conventional flocking production line to cooperate therewith.

Abstract: Positional relationships are established in a process chamber. An upper electrode is configured with a first surface to support a wafer, and an electrode has a second surface. A linear drive is mounted on the base and a linkage connected between the drive and the upper electrode. Linkage adjustment defines a desired orientation between the surfaces. The linear drive and linkage maintain the desired orientation while the assembly moves the upper electrode with the surfaces moving relative to each other. An annular etching region defined between the electrodes enables etching of a wafer edge exclusion region extending along a top and bottom of the wafer. Removable etch defining rings are configured to define unique lengths along each of the top and bottom of the wafer to be etched. Positional relationships of the surfaces enable limiting the etching to those unique lengths of the exclusion region.

Abstract: A stent mandrel fixture for supporting a stent during the electrostatic application of a coating substance is provided.

Abstract: A transfer component and a laser-assisted transfer system using the same are provided. The laser-assisted transfer system comprises: a multimode laser source; a beam transformer; a scanner module; and a transfer component. The beam transformer is capable of transforming a multimode laser beam generated from the multimode laser source into a rectangular beam and then feeding the rectangular beam into the scanner module to form a large-area scanning laser beam. The transfer component comprises a conductive thin film and an insulating thin film. The conductive thin film receives a scanning laser beam from the scanner module and is ablated while the ablation of the conductive thin film is transferred onto the insulating thin film. In an exemplary embodiment, the transfer component comprising a metal thin film and an organic thin film is used for enabling the system to perform large-area pattern transfer with high efficiency.

Abstract: High resolution patterns provided on a surface of a semiconductor substrate and methods of direct printing of such high resolution patterns are disclosed. The high resolution patterns may have dimensions less than 0.1 micron and are formed by a direct writing method employing a supercritical fluid comprising nanometer-sized particles, which may be optionally electrically charged.

Abstract: Systems and methods for coating medical devices are provided that allow for relatively precise control over the deposition area and coating uniformity with improved efficiency. A microdrop source is used to provide a flow of coating microdrops. A charging electrode disposed near the outlet of the coating source gives each microdrop an electrostatic charge. As the microdrop travels toward the medical device to be coated, a control electrode alters the trajectory of the microdrop. The invention can include a scanner to scan or image the medical device as the coating is applied and a control system to adjust parameters of the deposition process based on information provided by the scanner.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device bakes a first semiconductor substrate on which a sacrifice film is formed in a reaction chamber to preliminarily coat an inner wall of the reaction chamber with a component of a gas generated by the sacrifice film, and bakes a second semiconductor substrate on which a predetermined film including the same component as that of the sacrifice film is formed in the preliminarily coated reaction chamber, while irradiating electron beams on the predetermined film to change quality of the predetermined film.

Abstract: An apparatus for adjusting an etching area of a semiconductor wafer includes an adjustable shielding plate. The adjustable shielding plate includes a plurality of shielding members. Each of the plurality of shielding members are movable between a first position configured to shield a portion of a semiconductor wafer from an etching gas and a second position configured to expose an unshielded etching portion of the semiconductor wafer to the etching gas.

Abstract: The controller and method of the invention generate control instructions for a rotary machine that coats bottles. Gas is supplied to processing stations holding the bottles via a pressure management system. The processing stations are centrally controlled by a programmable PLC or microcontroller with an input device and display terminal. Since rotary machines need to be controlled differently depending on the type of bottles and the type of coating, different programs should be interactively created using the input device and display terminal, which then control the individual components of the rotary machine and the processing stations during the coating process. This eliminates unnecessary errors resulting from preparation of the different programs individually by a normal user.

Abstract: The present invention provides a light irradiating apparatus comprising a plurality of light emitting elements which emit light of a specific wavelength region and form elliptical light images on a surface to be irradiated, wherein the plurality of light emitting elements are mutually arranged so that the light images are made continuous along their major axis directions. Further, the invention also discloses the above-mentioned light irradiating process and an image recording process.