Abstract: The present invention provides a high-chromium heat-resistant steel. The steel contains in mass %, C: 0.08% to 0.13%; Si: 0.15% to 0.45%; Mn: 0.1% to 1.0%; Ni: 0.01% to 0.5%; Cr: 10.0% to 11.5%; Mo: 0.3% to 0.6%; V: 0.10% to 0.25%; Nb: 0.01% to 0.06%; N: 0.015% to 0.07%; B: ?0.005%, and Al: ?0.04%. The balance consists of Fe and inevitable impurity elements. The steel shows a martensitic microstructure.

Abstract: There is provided a suspended combustion type power steam generator capable of rapid and high-temperature pyrolysis using FRDF for extending residence time of high-temperature gas, and particularly the present invention improves the heating conditions of fluid in an arch water pipe, a heating water pipe and a down pipe by extending the residence time of high-temperature gas inside a combustion chamber. The present invention is an improvement of a power steam generator using fine refuse derived fuel (FRDF) which is an alternative energy source, and a flameless combustion device using fossil fuel capable of structuring a new additional facility so as to address the possibility of irregular raw material supply in the ethyl alcohol fuel operation for new renewable energy, that is, FRDF.

Abstract: Nickel-base radiant tube includes straight and curved elbow tube sections. The straight tube section has constant inner and outer radii. The elbow tube section has a constant inner radius and variable outer radius. The inner diameter of the elbow tube section is equal the inner radius of the straight tube section. Mating end portion of the elbow tube section has an outer radius equal to the outer radius of the straight tube section. Method for making the radiant tube comprises the steps of positioning a mating end portion of the straight tube section adjacent to and aligned with the mating end portion of the elbow tube section so that end faces of the straight and elbow tube sections face each other to define a circumferentially extending weld groove, and butt welding the mating end portions of the straight and elbow tube sections together at the weld groove.

Abstract: The water supply tube for steam generator includes an insert tube portion inserted in a penetration hole of a shell member and a generator internal tube portion connected to the insert tube portion. The generator internal tube portion includes a tubular passage and an effluence tube allowing effluence of cooling water in the tubular passage to a space in a steam generator. The tubular passage includes a first tilted portion in which a side having a greater distance from the insert tube portion along a flow direction is located vertically higher than a side having a smaller distance from the insert tube portion and a second tilted portion which is located with a greater distance from the insert tube portion than the first tilted portion.

Abstract: A continuous steam generator with a combustion chamber having a number of burners for fossil fuel and an outside wall composed of steam generator pipes that are welded to each other gas-tight is provided. A vertical gas flue is connected downstream of the combustion chamber on the hot gas side in an upper area via a horizontal gas flue, wherein a part of the outside wall facing the vertical gas flue and below the horizontal gas flue is inclined inward and thus forms a nose projecting into the combustion chamber with the bottom of the adjacent horizontal gas flue. Support pipes are connected downstream of at least one part of the steam generator pipes of the nose at the upper end thereof on the flow medium side, wherein the support pipes are guided substantially vertically to the lower end of the nose.

Abstract: A boiler has an upper header, a lower header and a heat-transfer tube. The heat-transfer tube connects the upper header with the lower header. The hear-transfer tube is provided with projections such that a heat-transfer area per unit length of the heat-transfer tube is smaller in an upstream region than that in a downstream region of combustion gas.

Abstract: A boiler has a plurality of inner heat-transfer tubes which makes up an inner heat-transfer tube row, and a plurality of outer heat-transfer tubes which makes up an outer heat-transfer tube row. Inner fins project from each of the inner heat-transfer tubes on an outer circumferential side of the inner heat-transfer tube row. Outer fins project from each of the outer heat-transfer tubes on an inner circumferential side of the outer heat-transfer tube row. An inner row communicating portion is provided in a lower end portion of the inner heat-transfer tube row. An outer row communicating portion is provided in an upper end portion of the outer heat-transfer tube row. An inner-fin absent region is provided in a lower end portion of each of the inner heat-transfer tubes. An outer-fin absent region is provided in a longitudinally middle portion of each of the outer heat-transfer tubes.

Abstract: A feed water and steam header equipped to a feed water nozzle or a steam nozzle of a reactor vessel in a steam generator for an integrated nuclear reactor is provided. The feed water and steam header may include a nozzle connection portion connected to a steam nozzle or a feed water nozzle of a reactor vessel, a header flange protruded outward from a lower part of the nozzle connection portion, and a tube connection portion disposed on two pipelines branched from the nozzle connection portion and connected to a tube of the steam generator.

Abstract: A natural circulation water tube package boiler is assembled in a factory in two self-contained steam generating units. The first unit has a combustion chamber, but no convection tubes. The second unit has convection tubes, but no combustion chamber. Each unit has a mud drum, a steam drum, and tubes connecting the drums. Each steam generating unit is transported separately by truck or railcar to the operating site, where the rear end of the first unit is connected to the front end of the second unit by a large connecting duct; the mud drums of the respective units are connected to each other by water piping; the steam drums of the respective units are connected to each other by water piping and steam piping located above and below the waterline respectively; and the steam drum of the second unit is connected to the water drum of the first unit by water piping.

Abstract: An air elimination device with a hydraulic separator in a compact format that eliminates numerous separate field installed components and connections and can be cost effectively made by means of spun, bent, bored, milled sheet copper or brass sheet, copper or brass tube or rod utilizing brazing, soldering and threading of parts. The device can be made to include a manifold, particularly with compact end suction pumps and can serve as a transition adaptor to other modular mechanical components.

Abstract: A steam generator comprising: water/steam tubes passing through the steam generator from the water inlet (62, 63, 64) to the superheated steam outlet (68, 69, 610), horizontally arranged in tube banks, preferably flat tube banks, perpendicularly crossed by the fumes (61), the tubes ascend along the steam generator axis from one tube bank to the other, with an oblique path so to expose the tube to the fume flow (61) in different positions at each tube bank, the tubes are divided into two or more separate branches (65, 66, 67), each branch fed by a header distinct from the others, the steam generator being once-through in pure countercurrent, vertical or horizontal, the headers (61, 69, 610) of the outlet superheated steam are grouped at direct contact in a bundle, and they are thermally insulated from the outside.

Abstract: A boiler structure that allows for an appropriate flow-rate distribution of an internal fluid to multiple divided furnace wall surfaces (water-wall) without excessive pressure loss so as to reduce the pressure loss (friction loss) occurring between furnace inlet headers and outlet headers is provided. In a boiler structure having a furnace water-wall (4) formed of multiple boiler evaporation tubes (3) disposed on a wall surface of a furnace and configured to generate steam by heating water inside the furnace when the water pressure-fed to the boiler evaporation tubes (3) flows inside the tubes, the boiler structure includes orifices (22), for an internal fluid, provided in inlet connection tubes (20) that guide the water to inlet headers (21) of furnace walls obtained by dividing the furnace water-wall (4) into multiple parts, and orifices (23) provided in nozzle stubs that guide the water from the inlet headers (21) to the boiler evaporation tubes (3).

Abstract: A boiler apparatus for leading fluid from a plurality of upper walls (2) to (4) to a ceiling wall (7) through a ceiling wall inlet header (11), characterized in that a ceiling wall inlet mixing header (8) is installed between the plurality of upper walls (2) to (4) and the ceiling wall inlet header (11).

Abstract: A boiler is provided that has an elongate base header, an elongate dome header, and a plurality of separate watertubes each having an intermediate section and opposite end sections. An upper one of the end sections of each watertube is connected to the dome header and a lower one of the end sections of each watertube is connected to the base header such that the intermediate section extends through a combustion chamber of the boiler. The intermediate section of each watertube has a substantially constant outer diameter along its full length and is closely spaced to adjacent watertubes within the combustion chamber. At least one of the end sections of each watertube has a transition that reduces the diameter of the watertube as it extends from the intermediate section to an outwardly-extending circumferential flange. This arrangement permits close spacing of the connection sites of the watertubes to the header and permits the connection sites to be provided in a linear array.

Abstract: In order to provide a welding structure of a tube header and tube stubs which successfully improves the durability thereof against creep and fatigue damage of the tube stubs without interposing a component of a different material between the tube header and the tube stubs, i.e. requiring additional components, a welding structure of the present invention comprises: a tube header (2) being made of ferritic heat resisting steel; a plurality of tube stubs (4) which are welded onto an outer surface of the tube header, each of the tube stubs having a bended section, in which the plurality of tube stubs (4) are made of austenite stainless steel, and welded to the tube header (2) by using nickel base alloy as a welding material.

Abstract: A cascade unit for a heating system with two or more heating boilers, in particular condensing boilers, with a hydraulic shunt which is connected on the one hand with the inlet flows and return flows of all heating boilers and on the other hand with at least one heating circuit inlet flow and heating circuit return flow each, with the cascade unit furthermore comprising one each of the essentially horizontally extending boiler inlet flow header and boiler return flow manifold, the header and the manifold being connected with the hydraulic shunt, and the header and the manifold each being designed with prepared connecting nozzles fittingly placed for a group of two or more heating boilers for the connection of the heating boiler inlet flows and the heating boiler return flows. The cascade unit forms at least one self-supporting support frame on which at least one of the heating boilers is mountable.

Abstract: A one-piece tube for use as a watertube within a watertube boiler or heat exchanger has a free end section that is formed to have an integral, outward-extending circumferential ring, or flange, a spaced distance from an adjacent end face of the tube. A boiler is provided that has an elongate header and a plurality of separate watertubes each having an intermediate section and opposite end sections. An end section of each watertube is connected to the header. The intermediate section of each watertube has a substantially constant outer diameter along its full length and is closely spaced to adjacent watertubes within the combustion chamber. At least one of the end sections of each watertube has a transition that reduces the diameter of the watertube as it extends from the intermediate section to an outwardly-extending circumferential flange. This arrangement permits close spacing of the connection sites of the watertubes to the header and permits the connection sites to be provided in a linear array.

Abstract: An evaporator 10 for evaporating a liquid includes a plurality of harps 20 disposed within a duct or chamber such that a heated fluid flow 22 (e.g., heated gas or flue gas) passes through each successive row of harps 20 of the evaporator 10. Each of the harps 20 includes a lower header 24, a plurality of lower tubes 26, an intermediate equalizing chamber 28, a plurality of upper tubes 30, and an upper header 32. The lower tubes 30 are in fluid communication with the lower header 24 and extend upward vertically from the lower header. The upper ends of the lower tubes 26 are in fluid communication with the equalizing chamber 28. The upper tubes 30 are in fluid communication with the equalizing chamber 28 and extend upward vertically from the equalizing chamber. The upper ends of the upper tubes 30 are in fluid communication with the upper header 32.

Abstract: End support for parallel tubes of a superheater or reheater with a bend tubular portion, a linear tubular portion extending away from each end of the bend tubular portion, and a supporting member formed on a curved section of the bend tubular portion. The tubular portions form a connection between two consecutive parts of a fluid passage. In a preferred embodiment, the tubular portions and the supporting member are integrally formed, molded or cast of a suitable material, such as carbon steel, stainless steel, chromium-nickel alloy, or other suitable alloys that have high temperature strength and oxidation resistance. The supporting member is configured to securely attach the end support configuration to the wall support brackets on the wall support tube. Preferably, the supporting member and the wall support bracket slide on one another to provide relative movement between the superheater tubes and the wall support or boiler tubes.

Abstract: A hydraulic header for a heating system includes a header housing having a vertical longitudinal axis in an installation position and a water chamber formed in an interior of the housing. A boiler inlet flow connection and a boiler return flow connection are provided at a vertical distance to one another on a first longitudinal side of the housing, and each communicate with the chamber. A consumer inlet flow connection and a consumer return flow connection are provided at a vertical distance to one another on an opposite longitudinal side of the housing, each communicating with the chamber, so that a boiler side and a heating circuit side are created in the housing. A dividing element is located in the chamber between the heating circuit side and the boiler side, and an upper and lower bypass between the heating circuit side and the boiler side are formed near a top end and a bottom end, respectively, of the housing.

Abstract: A boiler that enhances the efficiency of the use of heated gas streams to generate steam is provided. The boiler includes a lower drum, an upper drum, a plurality of conduits adapted to transfer heated fluid from the lower drum to the upper drum, a combustion chamber, and a series of heat transfer chambers adapted to receive combustion gases from the combustion chamber. The first of the heat transfer chambers is positioned above the second heat transfer chamber and receives the heated gas from the combustion chamber prior to the second heat transfer chamber. A method of operating the boiler is also provided. Though aspects of the invention are applicable to package boilers, other aspects of the invention are applicable for use in residential, commercial, or industrial settings.

Abstract: The fluidized bed boiler furnace having two hearths (2, 3) separated by a divider (1) in the bottom portion of the furnace comprises one or more panels (6) of heat exchange tubes each disposed vertically above the divider of the furnace and perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction (A) of said hearths.

Abstract: A boiler system including a first manifold, a second manifold provided at an elevation above the first manifold, and a heat exchanger conduit fluidly connecting the first and second manifolds. The conduit is provided within a first fluid flow, and the heat exchanger conduit receives a second fluid. A thermocouple is provided within the second manifold to measure a temperature of the second fluid within the second manifold. A control unit is provided to maintain a level of liquid phase of the second fluid such that liquid phase of the second fluid does not enter the second manifold based on the temperature measured by the thermocouple. The boiler system can be provided with first and second conduits, where the second conduit is provided within the first fluid flow downstream of the first conduit, and where the first and second conduits are inclined with respect to a vertical axis.

Abstract: The manifold includes a sleeve element (10) extending longitudinally about an axis (x), formed in one piece of plastics material and having a plurality of pairs of apertures (11, 12) distributed along the manifold. The apertures of each pair are aligned transversely with each other for engaging and locking on the manifold respective pairs of tubular metal elements (20, 30) connectable mechanically the one to the other (16) and to a branch (T) of the heating system.

Abstract: A hot water heating system, coupler and integrated flow system. The hot water heating system includes a first isolator valve, a flow control valve, a circulator and a second isolator valve. Each of these components is equipped with one portion of a connector on one side of the component and a mating portion of a connector on the other side. The integrated flow system includes a body into which is attached at least a circulator and a flow control valve.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling heat recovery coils in an exhaust stack. A set of heat recovery coils at least partially filled with a heat conducting fluid is positioned in a hot zone. The recovery coils are biased in a direction out of the hot zone to prevent accidental overheating in the event of a control or power failure. A heat transduction system is connected in fluid communication with the heat recovery coils. Heat energy is transferred from the hot zone into the heat conducting fluid, and the heated heat conducting fluid is then flowed into the heat transduction system where heat is removed from the heat conducting fluid. The extracted heat is then transduced into useful energy.

Abstract: The fossil fuel fired continuous-flow steam generator has a gas turbine combustion chamber for fossil combustibles. On the heating gas side a vertical gas extractor is mounted downstream of a horizontal gas extractor. The walls surrounding the combustion chamber are composed of vertical evaporator tubes that are welded together. During operation the temperature differences between adjacent evaporator tubes of the combustion chamber are kept as low as possible. The burners are arranged at the level of the horizontal gas extractor.