Abstract: A substantially linear ceramic or metallic radiant of ellipsoidal or polygonal cross section is placed proximate furnace tubes or coils in the radiant section of a fired heater to increase the radiant heat directed to the surface of the tubes or coils.

Abstract: A dual fuel heating apparatus can include a safety control system having a shutoff valve, a thermocouple solenoid assembly, a first nozzle, and a second nozzle. The first nozzle can be positioned to direct heat from combustion of a first gas, liquid, or combination thereof towards the thermocouple solenoid assembly when the first gas, liquid, or combination thereof is being combusted. The second nozzle can be positioned to direct heat from combustion of a second gas, liquid, or combination thereof towards the thermocouple solenoid assembly when the second gas, liquid, or combination thereof is being combusted. The thermocouple solenoid assembly can be configured to maintain the shutoff valve in an open position based on heat from combustion directed to the thermocouple solenoid assembly or in a closed position based on an absence of heat from combustion directed to the thermocouple solenoid assembly.

Abstract: A water heater apparatus is provided comprising a substantially vertical chamber having an upper end and lower end. A lower support plate is mounted inside the chamber near the lower end. A lower gas chamber is below the support plate and a water chamber above the support plate. An upper support plate is mounted inside the chamber near the upper end. An upper gas chamber is above the support plate and the water chamber is below the support plate. A plurality of substantially vertical tubes pass through the water chamber. Each tube is mounted to the upper and lower plate at the tube ends. The interior of each tube is in fluid communication with the respective gas chambers above and below the plates. A heat source is in the lower gas chamber for producing heated gases in the lower chamber. A water inlet means to the water chamber is provided for introducing water into the water chamber and a water outlet means for removing water from the water chamber.

Abstract: The vapor generator employs a convection heating surface in the gas flue upstream of the superheater heating surface in the exhaust gas flow. The burners for the different fuels are disposed in a common horizontal plane in the combustion chamber.In one embodiment, one water separator is disposed between the evaporator and convection heating surfaces while a second water separator is disposed between the convection and superheater heating surfaces.In another embodiment, one separator only is used with a change-over circuit means to connect the separator either between the evaporator and convection heating surfaces or between the convection and superheater heating surfaces.

Abstract: A heat exchanger system for preferably heating water in a space heating system, in which a plurality of heat exchanger units are connected in parallel between inflow and outflow conduits for the fluid to be heated, said heat exchanger units being housed in a common duct constituting a flue for gaseous products of combustion from said units.