Abstract: A refractory brick assembly unit is provided, including a refractory brick member having an inner passageway extending therethrough from a first opening at an inlet end face to an opposed second opening at an outlet end face thereof. A vector tile is also included, having an annular portion that is coaxially arranged with respect to a longitudinal extension axis of the inner passageway of the refractory brick member positioned in a portion of the inner passageway of the refractory brick member and located proximate the second opening at the outlet end face thereof, and having a domed portion extending from a first surface of the annular portion at a predetermined angle with respect to the longitudinal extension axis of the inner passageway of the refractory brick member so as to occlude at least a portion of the second opening of the refractory brick member at the outlet end face thereof.

Abstract: A buckstay system is described comprising horizontal buckstays for the walls of a steam generator, for example in plural vertically space assemblies tied with vertical buckstays, in which a buckstay extends generally horizontally across each wall such as to form a connected pair with an adjacent buckstay at each corner; an elongate tie bar formation extends across each wall such as to form a fixedly mounted pair with an adjacent tie bar formation at each corner; an anchor assembly associated with each buckstay and providing engagement means by which each buckstay engages with a respective tie bar; and each horizontal buckstay is split to comprise at least two rigid elongate buckstay elements mounted together to be relatively slideable in a buckstay longitudinal direction.

Abstract: A tube shield has a cylindrical shape and adapted to be attached with refractory cement (R) around an outer peripheral surface of a boiler tube (T). The tube shield has at least two tube shield parts for surrounding the boiler tube (T). The shield parts has complimentary parting surfaces for defining a gap between abutting complimentary parting surfaces of adjacent shield parts when the shield parts are attached with refractory cement (R) around the boiler tube (T). Each shield part encloses 140-220° of the total circumference of the boiler tube (T). Each complimentary parting surface is configured in a dovetail form such that one shield part is locking into the other shield part with dovetail protrusions (DP) located in dovetail slots (DS) in the other shield part.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for improving the longevity of a cooling tube in a fire tube boiler. The apparatus comprises a ferrule inserted within the cooling tube end and an internal overlay, with the ferrule and internal overlay arranged to provide a smooth, continuous, and diverging passage that reduces turbulence for a heated fluid flowing therethrough, thus preventing the overheating of the tube wall in the highly turbulent area. The internal overlay may be a weld overlay of a corrosion-resistant material that is deposited in a band about the inner wall of the cooling tube, the overlay having an annular inner recess receiving the end of the ferrule. The combination of ferrule and internal overlay also reduces the sharp gradient in temperature that is encountered when the heated fluid enters the relatively cool tube end, thus reducing film boiling, reducing cracking of the tube end, and enhancing corrosion resistance.

Abstract: This invention concerns a heat-resistant assembly having a heat-resistant block conformed to the contours of boiler tubes and the surface of their connecting rib. The heat-resistant assembly has an arm which protrudes from the surface of the rib toward the heat-resistant block and which has a catch on the end. The block has an indentation in which the catch on the arm engages. The block can be hung on or removed from the tube assembly by means of the arms and indentations. The heat-resistant assembly is further distinguished by the fact that a space is created between the end of the arm and the indentation of the block. A fusible substance, which will melt when the temperature of the arm exceeds a given value, is placed in the space. The heat-resistant assembly is further distinguished by the fact that an indentation is formed in the block in which a heat-resistant sleeve is adhered to engage the arm. This arrangement makes it possible to manufacture the heat-resistant block using press molding.

Abstract: An installation for protecting water pipes is easily installed, even in areas of a water pipe wall where bends exist, can be inexpensively manufactured, and delivers stable longevity in high temperature environments. A refractory castable process embeds refractory castable 12 in concave areas between adjacent water pipes, at least in bend areas 24 where the pipes bend, to create an approximately flat surface on the water pipe wall 26 that faces the high temperature side. A refractory tile process installs approximately flat-shaped refractory tiles 13 over the surface of the embedded refractory castable 12. This refractory tile process for the refractory tile 13 includes a process to insert fastening members 15 previously installed on the foregoing water pipe 10 into a groove formed in the refractory tiles 13 to hold the tiles in place and a process to bind the refractory tiles 13 to the embedded refractory castable with an adhesive material.

Abstract: A support plate for retaining tube array spacing within a heat exchanger tube and shell structure. The support plate having a plurality of individual tube receiving aperture formed therein. Each apertures has at least three inwardly protruding members and bights are formed therebetween when the tube associated therewith is lodged in place to establish secondary fluid flow through the support plate. The inwardly protruding members terminate in flat lands that restrain but do not all contact the outer surface of the respective tube. These flat lands minimize fretting wear and eliminate potential gouging of the outer wall of the tube. The plate wall forming each aperture has an hourglass configuration which, inter alia, reduces pressure drop, turbulence and local deposition of magnetite and other particulates on the support plates.

Abstract: A support fitting for the heat-resistant block to protect boiler tubes, which protrudes upward at a right angle from the surface of the rib between two boiler tubes, and which is welded on the rib and has a catch to engage with the heat-resistant block on the end. The support fitting is provided with a welding surface to be welded on the rib and shaped narrower by chamfering, and a single globule of a deoxidizing conductive material used as flux is attached to the narrowed welding surface, and is a vertical piece or rod which extends a fixed distance perpendicular from the rib. The support fitting includes a first upper surface being kept horizontal to support a ferrule, which can tightly engage with the ferrule for arc stud welding, thereby the ferrule can shield the welding surface, and a second upper surface which engages with the heat-resistant block.

Abstract: A tube wall, division wall, or wing wall section (10) for a circulating fluidized bed boiler with improved erosion resistant characteristics has a reduced diameter tube section (40) adjacent the refractory covered by an abrasion resistant refractory tile (60). The refractory tile (60) is mounted to the reduced diameter tube section (40) with the upper edge of the refractory tile outside of or not extending beyond a solids fall line of solids in the fluidized bed to eliminate exposed discontinuities.

Abstract: A heat-resistant assembly having a heat-resistant block conformed to the contours of boiler tubes and the surface of their connecting rib. The heat-resistant assembly has an arm which protrudes from the surface of the rib toward the heat-resistant block and which has a catch on the end. The block has an indentation in which the catch on the arm engages. The block can be hung on or removed from the tube assembly by means of the arms and indentations. The heat-resistant assembly is further distinguished by the fact that a space is created between the end of the arm and the indentation of the block. A fusible substance, which will melt when the temperature of the arm exceeds a given value, is placed in the space. The heat-resistant sleeve is adhered to engage the arm. This arrangement makes it possible to manufacture the heat-resistant block using press molding.

Abstract: A refractory tube wall lining comprises a multiplicity of refractory tiles (1) which are arranged next to and above one another and each have two T-shaped slots (16) which extend over the entire height of the tile. The tiles (1) are held on the lined tube wall (2) by means of in each case two screw-like tile holders (11). Brackets which are independent of the tile holders (11) are used to support the tiles (1). Stepped top and bottom edges of the tiles (1) allow the tiles (1) to move vertically with respect to one another without the seal of the tube wall lining being lost. For the same purpose, the two side edges (14, 15) of each tile (1) are fitted with a tongue (141) or a groove (151).

Abstract: During the assembly of a steam generator, the boiler columns are assembled, and, in parallel, headers and other wall boxes are assembled on booms of the boiler columns, so that when the boiler columns are completed, the headers and wall boxes are also finally assembled. Next, the peripheral roof section is assembled onto the boiler columns, and the vertical steam generator-containing walls are suspended from the peripheral roof section. Parallel to this, the inner roof section is constructed and the convection heating surfaces are successively mounted to the inner roof section and lifted upward from the base. The assembled inner roof section and convection heating surfaces are then lifted to the height of the peripheral roof section, and the two parts of the roof are connected. Finally, the furnace walls having a vertical or inclined tube arrangement, including the furnace hopper, are assembled.

Abstract: A tubesheet protector device is provided for use with a boiler having at least one tube for receiving a fluid extending therethrough. The tubes extend approximately perpendicularly from a tubesheet covering an inlet of the boiler. The tubesheet protector device includes insulating board mounted on the tubesheet having holes therein for receiving ferrules. Each ferrule includes a shank adapted to be received in one of the tubes and a polygon-headed collar coupled with the shank. Both the collar and the shank of the ferrule are wrapped in insulation. The collar has dimensions larger than the outside diameter of the tube, and the collar and the shank both have a common through bore for transporting fluid from outside the boiler to the interior of the tubes extending through the boiler.

Abstract: A boiler tube protector having a cylindrical or semi-cylindrical shape and adapted to be attached around an outer peripheral face of a boiler tube with mortar, which boiler tube protector includes a plurality of ceramic bodies closely arranged along their parting planes, wherein the parting planes includes a restraining portion for restraining slippage of each of the ceramic bodies.

Abstract: A tube wall, division wall, or wing wall section for a circulating fluidized bed boiler with improved erosion resistant characteristics has a reduced diameter tube section adjacent the refractory covered by an abrasion resistant refractory tile. The refractory tile is mounted to the reduced diameter tube section with the upper edge of the refractory tile outside of or not extending beyond a solids fall line of solids in the fluidized bed to eliminate exposed discontinuities.

Abstract: A low-pressure feedwater preheater or heater in power station plants, heated with bleed steam and having a two-pass tube bundle of the tube sheet type of construction, has a carrier design for the tube bundle having side plates (9) running parallel to the tube bundle and one or more supporting plates (8) disposed perpendicularly to the tube bundle. In the center of the bundle between the cold and the hot leg, a partition (11) extends along the entire length of the bundle leg. Arranged on either side of the partition (11) are suction tubes (12) through which non-condensable gases are drawn off in the zones of lowest pressure. According to the invention, the supporting plates (8) are each made of a single piece and are thus continuous, and the partition (11) consists of individual sheet-metal parts which are connected to the supporting plates (8).

Abstract: A boiler protection tube assembly having an inner ceramic sleeve, a ceramic block and an outer ceramic sleeve. The inner ceramic sleeve is of a high-strength, heat resistant ceramic material with at least moderate thermal shock resistance. The outer ceramic sleeve is of a heat resistant, insulating ceramic fiber and extends around the outer sleeve along its length. The inner and outer sleeve are insertable through a hole which extends through the ceramic block into an end of a condenser tube of a tube sheet boiler. The outer ceramic sleeve reduces heat flow between the inner ceramic sleeve and both of the ceramic block and the condenser tube. The ceramic block has a plurality of side faces generally perpendicular to the inner and outer faces to enable the blocks to be installed with side faces adjacent to corresponding side faces of adjacent blocks.

Abstract: Water compartment for a heat exchanger (1) for cooling hot gases, with a jacket (5) and a thinner pipe slab (6) that rests on a thicker pipe slab (7) by way of the jacket and of anchor pipes (8), whereby the anchor pipes are accommodated in the jacket and fastened to the slab and whereby gas pipes (13) extend through the anchor pipes leaving a cylindrical space, characterized in that the gas pipes are elongated and extend beyond the thinner pipe slab, in that their elongated ends (14) are reversed outside, in that the reversed ends (15) are fastened tight to the thinner pipe slab radially remote from the anchor pipes, and in that bores (17) extend through an annular area of the thinner pipe slab between the reversed ends of the gas pipes and the anchor pipes.

Abstract: A protective wall structure for protecting boiler tubing in facilities using refuse as a fuel source to produce steam for electrical power generation. The protective wall structure includes an array of shielding tiles, heat transfer bonding material, and elongated compressible material. The shielding tiles include a front surface facing the interior combustion zone of the facility, a rear surface facing the boiler tubes, and a plurality of sidewall surfaces. The heat transfer bonding material is positioned between the boiler tubes and the rear surfaces of the shielding tiles to permit heat transfer and create a bond between the boiler tubes and the shielding tiles. The elongated compressible material is positioned between the sidewall perimeter surfaces of adjacent shielding tiles to provide an expansion joint. This permits relative expansion between adjacent shielding tiles without cracking upon an increase in temperature in the interior combustion zone.

Abstract: A removable flow rate-restricting device (25) is placed and fixed in a through-opening (18) of the tube plate (15) level with which is fixed the tube (6), from inside the water box (9). The flow rate-restricting device (25) includes an orifice plate which is inserted into the opening (18) of the tube plate.

Abstract: A tube block containing a ribbed surface for prtecting a boiler tube assembly from corrosion is disclosed. The improved design protects the tube assembly while at the same time permitting excellent heat transfer.

Abstract: In a boiler, particularly a recirculating fluidized bed boiler, the tubes of heat exchanger banks (panels) are connected together so that they are securely supported against sideways movement. A first heat transfer panel has a first plurality of elongated heat transfer tubes, vertically stacked one atop the other, and extending horizontally in a first dimension; and a second heat transfer panel has a second plurality of vertically stacked heat transfer tubes extending horizontally in a second dimension, perpendicular to the first dimension. The panels are supported by walls of the boiler reaction chamber. Connectors attach one of the tubes of the second bank to the first bank to stiffen the first bank against sideways movement. The connectors may be bollard or triangularly shaped lugs welded to or operatively engaging tubes of both banks, or a tube of the first bank may be bent to form a loop, with a tube of the second bank passing through the loop and engaging the bends of the bent tube.

Abstract: An assembly ties together a plurality of boiler tubes to increase their mechanical stability and maintain a uniform spacing between adjacent tubes. A tie bar has a plurality of periodically spaced fingers extending from a cross member to form openings between adjacent fingers with in which the boiler tubes tightly fit. A retainer projects orthogonally from ends of some of the fingers. A locking bar has wedges spaced along one edge which engage the retainers clamping the boiler tubes between the fingers of said locking bar. Stops and brackets attach to the boiler tubes to support the fingers and cross member, thereby holding the tie bar in place during assembly.

Abstract: A tubesheet cover plate and method is described wherein a plate is provided for covering the tubesheet face and with apertures with outwardly flared openings into each tube.

Abstract: A support lug casting for supporting a ferritic tube from an adjacent tube comprising male and female lugs formed on a ring shaped member and engaged around but not welded to each tube. The male lug of one tube engages into the female lug of an adjacent tube. The lugs and rings are made of austenitic material which resist corrosion and heat and which avoids the problem of welding dissimilar materials to each other since no welded connection is established between the austenitic casting and the ferritic tube. The casting is axially fixed on the tube by one or more ferritic stops or weld areas which are at one or both axial ends of each casting.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for cooling hot reaction gas with a coolant. It rests on a gas-supply compartment (4) and has gas-conveying pipes (9) inside a jacket (1). It is separated from the gas-supply compartment by a tube sheet (6) that accommodates the gas-conveying pipes (9). The pipes extend loosely through the tube sheet, leaving annular gaps (10) and are connected tightly to the tube sheet on the side where the gas enters. The heat exchanger has at least one line (12) for supplying coolant to the side of the tube sheet that faces away from where the gas enters. The diameter of the tube sheet is shorter than that of the jacket. The tube sheet is connected to the lower edge of the jacket by way of an upward-tapering cone (7). The tube sheet is provided with cooling channels (15) that are open at least at one end and communicate with the lines that supply the coolant.

Abstract: Arranged on the hemispherical dome forming the upper part of the bundle of the steam generator is a structure consisting of bows (16) in the form of a portion of a ring and connecting hoops (18). The anti-vibration bars (15) introduced between two layers of adjacent tubes (5) of the bundle are connected, at their outer end, to brackets (17) fastened to the bows (16) in a perpendicular direction. Some anti-vibration bars are fastened to the hoops (18). The anti-vibration bars are screw-fastened to the brackets (17) or the hoops (18). The stabilizing device can also include a comb-shaped anti-flyoff yoke which can be introduced under the tubes placed in the upper part of the dome and then rotated through 90.degree. in order to be fastened to a bow (16).

Abstract: A device for suspending a horizontal heat exchange tube on a vertical support tube is provided comprising:(a) an element for securing the horizontal tube, in the general form of a cradle, consisting of two symmetrical cylindrical cross-bars and two connecting members for the cross-bars in an arc of a circle;(b) two elements for securing the vertical tube, each comprising a plane portion provided on their side facing the vertical tube with two lateral edges and an oblique portion forming a folded-over part; these elements interlocking by engagement of their recesses with the wedge-shaped parts of the cross-bars of the securing element for the horizontal tube, and being welded to the vertical tube along the lateral edges of their plane portion.

Abstract: A stayrod configuration for permitting complete sludge lancing of the tubesheet, including a plurality of first stayrods, each having the same diameter as the steam generator tubing and being threaded into the tubesheet at spaced positions which match the tube pattern. This plurality of first stayrods is attached to a connector, which is threaded to provide a receptacle for a second, full-length stayrod within a shortened spacer.

Abstract: A steam generator having a tube sheet, tubes ending in the tube sheet, a chamber adjoining the tube sheet having an access opening formed therein and a device disposed in the chamber for inserting a sleeve into one of the tubes in a plurality of partial insertion strokes, the inserting device includes a movable clamping device holding and moving the sleeve in axial direction of the tube in one of the partial insertion strokes, and a stationary clamping device associated with the movable clamping device holding the sleeve during a backstroke of the movable clamping device.

Abstract: A nuclear steam generator vessel having a stayed tube sheet with an untubed circular central region in the upper surface thereof, a baffle plate disposed a predetermined distance above the tube sheet parallel thereto and a plurality of tube lane blocks spaced-apart longitudinally of a tube lane extending diametrically across the tube sheet, incorporates a system for controlling the flow velocity of secondary fluid along the tube sheet to reduce deposition of sludge thereon. The system includes a cylindrical flow boosting ring disposed coaxially with the central region and supported beneath the baffle plate a predetermined distance above the tube sheet. The ring may be used alone or in combination with one or both of two perpendicular vertical plates which extend diametrically across the central region in contact with the tube sheet, one of these plates lying along the tube lane axis and spanning the innermost ones of the tube lane blocks. When the ring is used with the vertical plates it is supported thereby.

Abstract: A steam generator wrapper barrel/tube support plate connection assembly and method for assembling same which prevents interference due to thermal interaction between a wrapper barrel with a first coefficient to thermal expansion and a tube support plate with a second, relatively higher coefficient of thermal expansion. Interference is prevented by radially tuning the wrapper barrel, i.e., locally introducing preload via increased stud thread engagement in the jacking assembly to deform the wrapper barrel during assembly. During subsequent heat-up and operation the preload is relieved through outer shell expansion. In addition, heat and/or pressure dissolvable-surfaced or spring-surfaced shims or wedges are fit between the wrapper barrel and the tube support plate to further compensate for tube support plate thermal expansion.

Abstract: A steam generator wrapper closure and a method of installing the same includes a plug member (108) which includes a large diameter portion (110) and a small diameter portion (112) with an annular shoulder portion (114) defined therebetween. A locking pawl (124) is rotatably mounted upon the plug (108) through means of its shaft (122). A pawl shaft extension rod (154) and a handle (150) are utilized to manipulate the pawl (124) and the plug (108) from a position external to the steam generator outer shell (16). The axis of the pawl shaft (122) is radially offset with repect to the axis of the plug (108), and the diametrical extent of the pawl (124) is less than that of the small diameter portion (112) of the plug (108).

Abstract: A steam generator tubesheet/channel head/centerstay assembly wherein a threaded centerstay is screw-inserted to connect the tubesheet and the channel head. Seals are installed between the centerstay, the channel head and the tubesheet to prevent leakage.

Abstract: A model steam generator including a system for facilitating the inspection of the sample tubes within the boiler vessel of the model generator is disclosed herein. The system includes means for detachably connecting the tubesheet from the primary and secondary sides of the boiler vessel. In the preferred embodiment, both end of the tubesheet and the abutting ends of the primary and secondary sides of the boiler vessel are circumscribed by tapered flanges. The tubesheet is detachably connected from the primary and secondary sides of the boiler vessel by means of Grayloc.RTM.-type annular clamps which are circumscribed by grooves for receiving the abutting flanges at the tubesheet joints. Additionally, the system includes a frame for suspending the secondary side of the boiler vessel, a wheeled cart having a jack for both laterally and vertically moving the primary side of the boiler vessel and the tubesheet into a clamping position onto the secondary side of the boiler vessel.

Abstract: A compact, unfired, staggered tube, once-through steam generator or boiler of simple construction intended primarily for combined cycle power plants in which the thermal energy utilized to generate steam is obtained from the exhaust gases of a gas turbine engine. The boiler provides steam at two different pressure levels, which maximizes recovery of thermal energy; and all wettable components in the steam/water loop are fabricated of corrosion resistant materials. This eliminates the need for controlling the pH of the feedwater and the need for chemically controlling its dissolved oxygen content, thereby reducing maintenance and operating costs and making automatic, unattended, remotely controlled operation of the boiler practical as well as eliminating the need for blowing down the boiler and minimizing requirements for make-up water. The boiler can be operated dry to remove gas side fouling; and feedwater flow rates can be directly controlled.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a steam generator and a steam generator wherein primary coolant tubes are sleeved in and in the vicinity of a tubesheet. A smooth transition region is formed between stock primary coolant tubes and sleeved portions thereof in such a manner that no sites for accelerated corrosion are formed. In addition, an adequate volume of material is provided in the transition region to withstand thermal and mechanical stresses and chemical attack. The sleeved tube is preferably thermally treated for improved corrosion resistance.

Abstract: A transition seal plate for connecting a casing to a membrane wall of a vapor generator. The plate has a generally corrugated edge which is weld connected to the membrane wall and is formed with arcuate surfaces which overlap circumferential surface portions of the tubes within the membrane wall, and protrusions which project into the spaces between the circumferential surface portions.

Abstract: Support points (15) are provided in the duct-shaped portions (17-22) of the desuperheater casing, at which points the serpentine tubes (25) of the preheater tube-bundle are fixed in a direction, at right-angles to the longitudinal direction of the tubes, by means of support strips (24) which bear against the tubes in a manner permitting movement in the longitudinal direction. The support strips (24) are composed of sheet steel, and possess spacer tabs (26) which extends at right-angles to the plane of the sheet steel. The ability of the support strips to shift relative to the serpentine tubes (25) is limited by supporting crosspieces (22) on two opposite web sheets (21) belonging to the support point (15).

Abstract: An improved convection section assembly for process heaters comprising a plurality of horizontally-disposed heat transfer segments disposed in vertical array and supported by means attached externally to said assembly, said segments further comprising a plurality of tube sheets also supported by fixed external means. The use of such external support means enables the convection section assembly to be of unlimited width--which thereby permits the substitution of a large number of parallel heating coils for the conventional serpentine heating coil customarily used--and also enables the plurality of tube sheets to expand laterally. Thus, with only external refractory lined supports, there is no practical limit on the flue gas temperature that can be used.

Abstract: Radial support of a tube support plate is provided by two associated members which also permit the position of the tube support plate to be adjusted with significantly improved ease. The apparatus comprises a jacking member which extends radially through the heat exchanger's inner shell and is in positive contact with its outer shell. A locking screw extends radially inward from the jacking screw and is in contact with the tube support plate. After this apparatus is used to centrally locate the tube support plate, it is welded together and to the inner shell.

Abstract: A system for recovering waste heat from a stream of heated gas is disclosed. The system includes a convection heat transfer chamber, a boiler tank, and a plurality of heat pipes thermally interconnecting the convection heat transfer chamber with the boiler tank. Each of the heat pipes includes an evaporator section which is disposed in heat transfer relation with a stream of heated gas flowing through the convection heat transfer chamber, and a condenser section disposed in heat transfer relation with a volume of water contained within the boiler tank. The boiler tank is provided with a header plate having an array of heat pipe openings through which the heat pipes project. A heat pipe support sleeve is received in each heat pipe opening in sealed engagement with the header plate, with the heat pipes projecting through the support sleeves and thermally interconnecting the convection heat transfer chamber with the boiler tank.

Abstract: A steam generating apparatus including a housing defining an inner chamber adapted to receive a continuous supply of water and containing a plurality of elongated heating elements within the chamber for converting the water to steam is disclosed herein. The housing also contains within its chamber a number of spaced plates for supporting the heating elements which extend through cooperating openings in the plates. In order to minimize the accumulation of corrosion material in the crevices around the junctures between the tubes and support plates, a helical groove is provided along the length of each opening around an associated heating element so that water and/or converted steam passing through these openings do so within the grooves whereby to cleanse their crevices of corrosion material.

Abstract: A tube hanger for use in radiant steam generators of the type where the tubes form a cylindrical wall surrounding a centrally located burner. The hanger is of a split design that allows removal of the tubes without removing the hanger from the generator shell.

Abstract: At least part of the weight of a structure (such as a bank of heat recovery tubes) exposed to a hot environment (e.g. the convection region of a furnace) is supported by a multi-pipe heat exchanger of which the outer pipe has dimensions at least adequate to bear the imposed load, and the inner pipe(s) are so dimensioned in relation to the outer pipe as to maintain the outer pipe at a temperature at which its load-bearing strength is maintained for a reasonable and/or acceptable cooling fluid flow rate through the heat exchanger. In one embodiment, the heat exchanger is of the double pipe type, and the cooling fluid may be circulated from the heat exchanger to the bank of heat recovery tubes.

Abstract: The combustion chamber wall consists of tubes which are inclined to the horizontal and which are welded to one another in a gas-tight relationship via webs. Pairs of vertical tension strips bear against the outside of the combustion chamber wall. Each pair is connected to the wall tubes via a plurality of sheet-metal strips distributed over the height of the combustion chamber wall. The sheet-metal strips are disposed perpendicularly to the combustion chamber wall plane and are cut out in the form of a comb at the edge connected to the wall tubes.

Abstract: In a counterflow non-contact heat exchanger, tube bundles carry fluid back and forth across a hot gas path. As the fluid in the tubes flows vertically downward the temperature of the fluid rises. As the gas rises in the heat exchanger it loses heat due to the heat exchange process. This means that the temperature profile of a tube bundle will show a greater thermal expansion in the lower tubes. The present invention seeks to provide an efficient and improved support arrangement for heat exchanger tubes to accommodate this phenomenon by supplying a pivotally mounted tube support plate which will rotate and translate slightly from a substantially vertical plane to accommodate thermal expansion. Further, if there are multiple tube bundles, additional tube support plate sections will allow a tube support plate to articulate in sections to accommodate thermal movement.

Abstract: A heat exchange vessel has a plurality of tubes disposed therein. A tube sheet section in the vessel has a plurality of ports formed therein for receiving one end of each of said tubes, and at least one channel is formed in said first tube sheet section for communicating with said ports. An additional tube sheet section disposed in said vessel has a plurality of ports formed therein for receiving the other ends of said tubes and at least one channel formed in said additional tube sheet section is provided for communicating with said latter ports. Means is provided for introducing a heat exchange fluid to the channel associated with one of said tube sheet sections for passing through its respective ports through said tubes. Likewise means is provided for collecting the fluid from the channel associated with the other tube sheet section for passing the fluid externally of the vessel.

Abstract: In a heat exchanger or similar apparatus using a tube bundle, the tubes are located within a jacket and are connected into a tube sheet. An annular reinforcing member secures the tube sheet to the jacket laterally enclosing the tube bundle. The reinforcing member consists of an inner part and an outer part which can be a unitary member or separate parts welded together. The outer part forms a continuation of the jacket and has a greater thickness than the jacket. The inner part extends radially outwardly from the circumferential periphery of the tube sheet to the outer part and has a frusto-conical shape extending outwardly from at least one of the face surfaces of the tube sheet transversely of its radial direction.