Abstract: A two-dimensional rotary displacement device comprises a housing, an outer rotor and at least one inner rotor. The axes of rotation of the outer rotor and the at least one inner rotor are parallel. A predefined geometrical relationship exists between the outer and inner rotors such that the scale of operative circumference (or diameter) from the inner rotor with respect to the outer rotor is preferably an integer value. In one embodiment, the device is used as a compressor that positively displaces a gas. In a modified embodiment, the device includes an exit port, which has a location that can be adjusted with respect to the housing and is adjustable so as to decrease the pressure differential between an exit chamber and the exit pressure.

Abstract: Backup power systems and methods of operation thereof. In one embodiment, a backup power system constructed according to the present invention includes: (1) an enclosure, (2) an engine, having an air inlet, located within the enclosure, (3) an alternator, coupled to and driven by the engine, that converts mechanical power derived from the engine into AC electrical power and (4) a baffle, located within the enclosure and about a portion of the engine to block direct fluid communication from within the alternator to within the engine, that guides cooling air received into the enclosure sequentially through the alternator to cool the alternator, around the baffle and the engine, through the air inlet and into the engine to cool the engine and through an outlet port of the baffle, the baffle thereby establishing a serial path within the enclosure for the cooling air.

Abstract: An engine has a pair of rotors, both housed within the same housing. The housing has an interior cavity which is preferably spherical but need only be partially spherical, the remainder at least having rotational symmetry. Each rotor is mounted on an axis that passes through the center of the cavity, the respective axes of the rotors being at an angle to each other, with the center of each rotor being at the center of the cavity. The rotors interlock with each other to define chambers. Vanes or pistons defined by a contact face and a side face protrude from the rotors. The side faces and contact faces, and the housing interior define chambers that open and close as the rotors rotate. Each contact face of one rotor is defined by the rotation of a conical section of material on the other rotor, so that there is constant linear contact between opposing vanes on the two rotors, at least on one side of the engine. The rotors may face each other or be one inside the other.

Abstract: A rotary vane combustion engine, having a compressor, a combustion chamber, an expander, sensors for sensing critical conditions, and a microprocessor for controlling the engine responsive to sensed conditions. Projection of vanes from the compressor or expander rotor is controlled by arms which include bearings riding in a cam or track formed in the compressor or expander housing. The track maintains a predetermined gap between the vanes and the respective housings, thereby reducing the friction between vane and housing and the possibility of binding of a vane against the housing. Valves vent the expander to the atmosphere and allow the expansion ratio of the expander to be controllably varied. These valves are controlled by the microprocessor.

Abstract: A rotary device employs an outer housing having an interior surface with a central axis associated therewith, an outer hub assembly, disposed inside said outer housing, having a central axis associated therewith located at a distance from the central axis of the outer housing, an inner hub, disposed inside the outer hub assembly, having a central axis associated therewith and being substantially coaxial with the outer housing, and a plurality of blades, hingedly connected at one end to the inner hub and radiating through the outer hub assembly to contact the interior surface of the outer housing at the other end of the blades, whereby a plurality of relatively airtight compartments are formed between the interior surface of the outer housing, the outer hub assembly, and pairs of blades, with the volume of said compartments varying as a function of the rotative position of the inner hub and outer hub assembly.

Abstract: A continuous combustion, pinned vane type, positive displacement, rotary compressor and expander engine system comprises a compressor which outputs compressed air, a combustor which effects continuous combustion of a combustion gas mixture containing fuel and compressed air and produces a combustion gas output. An expander is coupled to receive a mixture of combustion gas and an expansion fluid as an expandable working gas. The expander expands the expandable working gas and performs work to cause rotation of an engine output shaft. The engine system includes an expansion fluid flow path having an input port to which the expansion fluid is supplied, and an output port coupled to combine the expansion fluid with the combustion gas as the expandable working gas.

Abstract: A continuous combustion, pinned vane type, positive displacement, rotary compressor and expander engine system comprises a compressor which outputs compressed air, a combustor which effects continuous combustion of a combustion gas mixture containing fuel and the compressed air and produces a combustion gas output. An expander is coupled to receive a mixture of combustion gas and an expansion fluid as an expandable working gas. The expander expands the expandable working gas and performs work to cause rotation of an engine output shaft. Each the compressor and the expander comprises a respective pinned vane type, positive displacement, rotary device. The engine system further includes an expansion fluid flow path having an input port to which the expansion fluid is supplied, and an output port coupled to combine the expansion fluid with the combustion gas as the expandable working gas.

Abstract: A sliding-blade heat engine having a vortex combustion chamber and oval-shaped turbine and compressor chambers with cylindrical turbine and compressor rotors rotatably mounted eccentrically therein, Each rotor has at least two rectangular blades slidably mounted in slots extending through the cylindrical rotor in mutually perpendicular relation and each blade is independently movable relative to the other in a radial direction. Each blade has a guide element extending from opposed sides and through the opposed end walls of the respective rotor which are slidably received in guide grooves in the respective chamber end walls. The rotors are connected together by a shafts in concentric relation whereby rotation of the turbine rotor causes simultaneous rotation of the compressor rotor and the guide elements traveling in the guide grooves cause the blades to extend and retract radially with their outer ends following the inner periphery of the respective chamber side wall with a constant clearance.

Abstract: A rotary device employs an outer housing having an interior surface with a central axis associated therewith, an outer hub assembly, disposed inside said outer housing, having a central axis associated therewith located at a distance from the central axis of the outer housing, an inner hub, disposed inside the outer hub assembly, having a central axis associated therewith and being substantially coaxial with the outer housing, and a plurality of blades, hingedly connected at one end to the inner hub and radiating through the outer hub assembly, whereby a plurality of relatively airtight compartments are formed between the interior surface of the outer housing, the outer hub assembly, and pairs of blades, with the volume of said compartments varying as a function of the rotative position of the inner hub and outer hub assembly.

Abstract: A thermal engine utilizing a positive displacement rotary expander and preferably a positive displacement rotary compressor in conjunction with an external substantially steady-state thermal source, such as a continuous fuel combustor, the external source heating a high pressure gas that is directed from the thermal source to the rotary expander wherein the gases expand driving a rotor in the positive displacement rotary engine before discharge. An additional embodiment of the thermal engine includes a modified epitrochoidal chamber configuration for the compression cycle and the expansion cycle to utilize the total internal volume for each compression pulse and expansion pulse for obtaining improved thermal efficiency in a manner similar to super long stroke reciprocal piston engines.

Abstract: The invention is an air compressor and a gas expander. The compressor/expander has an inner chamberwall-forming member attached eccentrically to a drive shaft and being rotatable with it, an outer chamberwall-forming member attached eccentrically to the drive shaft and being rotatable with it, and a plurality of stator vanes positioned concentrically about the drive shaft between the inner and outer chamberwall-forming members. The stator vanes are each rotatable about an axis extending parallel to the drive shaft. The inner and outer chamberwall-forming members and stator vanes coact to define a plurality of chambers which vary in size with the rotation of the stator vanes and the chamberwall-forming members. A stationary end wall for the compressor/expander provides a stationary end wall for each chamber, and valve means are positioned in the stationary end wall of the compressor/expander to enable the inflow and outflow of air into and out of each chamber.

Abstract: A rotary piston internal combustion engine, includes a common housing; a stationary hollow hub; two rotary piston systems in the housing, each system including at least one piston rotor having partial cylindrical areas and front areas, the second rotary piston system including two piston rotors revolving symmetrically about a common axis and about the hub; bearing means for mounting the two rotary piston systems on parallel axes in the housing such that the piston rotors mesh with one another during opposite rotation of the two rotary piston systems, paths of movement of the piston rotors are annular and overlap one another in a penetration region of the housing, the partial cylindrical areas of each piston rotor of the first rotary piston system, during rotation thereof, forming a sealing gap of great depth alternately with the housing, and with the second rotary piston system or the hollow hub, and the front ends of the piston rotors of the second rotary piston system working together with front ends of at

Abstract: A liquid ring machine comprises an outer drum having a cylindrical outer wall 1 surrounding a central axis 2, a vaned rotor 3 rotatable within the drum about an axis 4 which is parallel to, but offset from, the central axis 2 of the drum, and a liquid disposed within the drum such that, when the rotor 3 rotates at a sufficient speed, the liquid forms a rotating ring 5 adjacent the outer wall 1 of the drum. The ends of the vanes 6 on the rotor are maintained in contact with the liquid during such rotation so that a series of chambers 8 is formed between the vanes 6 of the rotor 3. The chambers 8 are bounded at the outer periphery by the liquid ring 5 and vary in volume in dependence on the angular orientation of the rotor 3 in view of the offset between the axis 4 of rotation of the rotor and the central axis 2 of the drum. An inlet 23 and an outlet 25 are provided by means of which a working fluid is introduced into, and discharged from, each of the chambers 8 at appropriate angular positions of the rotor 3.

Abstract: An integrated, self-contained portable power and cooling system includes a combustion generator and a scroll-type expander driven by combustion gas discharged from the gas generator, wherein the expander is connected in driving relationship to a scroll air compressor that provides compressed combustion air to the gas generator. Inlet air to the gas generator may be preheated by spent combustion gas discharged from the expander. A drive shaft driven by the expander is connected to a fuel pump, an electrical generator, and a refrigerant compressor. The scroll refrigerant compressor supplies refrigerant to a condenser evaporator cooling circuit for cooling a zone directly or indirectly via an auxiliary cooling loop in heat exchange relationship with the evaporator. The system has application in a man-portable system capable of cooling an individual in a high temperature environment and supplying electrical power.

Abstract: A continuous combustion rotary engine (100) is provided for powering such vehicles as aircraft, boats and automobiles with an efficiency which approaches the total expansion of combustion gases. The continuous combustion rotary engine (100) includes a plurality of power stages (110, 130 and 150) for sequential progressive expansion of combustion exhaust gases in order to generate rotative forces on a plurality of main rotors (112, 114, 132, 134, 152, 154). Simultaneously, the driven rotors (112, 114, 132, 134, 152 and 154), acting in pairs, progressively compress air for use in supporting the continuous combustion in the central portion of the expansion section (92) within stage (110). The use of the same rotors to both be driven by the expanding combustion gases and compress the inlet air provides the instrumentality for cooling the rotors, the heat transferred therefrom serving to increase the efficiency of the compression process.

Abstract: A rotary piston engine comprising two segregated body chambers of compression and expansion, and one separable combustion chamber, carrying out air suction and compression, combustion resultant expansion and exhaust, and fuel injection and constant-volume combustion process without any valve respectively: the compression and the expansion chamber both are arranged parallel adjacent to each other, both are formed by two partially overlapped body-bores provided respectively with cylindrical hubs at respective centers thereof, both have a pair of screwed rotors rotatably mounted on said respective hubs, and both communicate to each other by the combustion chamber and gas passageway means; it is characteristic in configuration that the closed space made by rotor projecting portions are progressively changed in geometry as rotors rotate, and that exhaust gases make no explosion noises.

Abstract: A positive displacement rotary mechanism has four identical rotary helical intermeshing lobes that cooperate with a stationary cylindrical member extending centrally thereof to define repetitive working space internal of the lobes having boundaries along and between the lobes and along and between the lobes and the cylindrical member which boundaries move on rotation of the lobes to effect expansion and contraction of the working space while repetitively moving same from one of the ends of the lobes toward their other end.

Abstract: A positive displacement rotary mechanism has three and alternatively four identical rotary helical intermeshing lobes of continuously varying pitch that cooperate with a stationary cylindrical member extending centrally thereof to define a repetitive working space internal of the lobes having boundaries along and between the lobes and along and between the lobes and the cylindrical member which boundaries move on rotation of the lobes to effect expansion and contraction of the working space while repetitively moving same from one of the ends of the lobes toward their other end.

Abstract: A three chamber continuous combustion engine is a rotary vane, concentric rotor type of internal combustion engine having a burner assembly, three crescent shaped static chambers serving as compressor, expander and oil pump; and six dynamic chambers defined by the three intersecting blades slidably inserted in the rotor slots, carrying combustion media through the continuous combustion cycle consisting of intake, compression, air storage, continuous combustion, expansion, decompression and exhaust.

Abstract: A positive displacement rotary mechanism has three identical rotary helical intermeshing lobes that cooperate with a stationary cylindrical member extending centrally thereof to define a repetitive working space internal of the lobes having boundaries along and between the lobes and along and between the lobes and the cylindrical member which boundaries move on rotation of the lobes to effect expansion and contraction of the working space while repetitively moving same from one of the ends of the lobes toward their other end.

Abstract: A permanent waving process is disclosed in which an essential oil is incorporated into hair fibers. The incorporated of the essential oil into the hair fiber not only provides capacity to remove bad odors resulting from freshly permanent waved hair but also gives to the hair a supple and smooth feeling. The essential oil is incorporated in the oxidizing or neutralizing solution of the permanent waving process. The essential oils employed are those containing at least one component, ingredient or constituent having an ethylenically unsaturated bond, i.e.

Abstract: A positive displacement rotary mechanism has three and alternatively four identical rotary helical intermeshing lobes that cooperate with a stationary cylindrical member extending centrally thereof to define a repetitive working space internal of the lobes having boundaries along and between the lobes and along and between the lobes and the cylindrical member which boundaries move on rotation of the lobes to effect expansion and contraction of the working space while repetitively moving same from one of the ends of the lobes toward their other end.

Abstract: A rotary engine including a compressor, an external pressure vessel, an internal pressure vessel defining a combustion chamber, and a fuel nozzle opening into the combustion chamber. Both compressed air and fuel are pumped into the fuel nozzle. Water is sprayed into the compressed air prior to entering the nozzle. Compressed air and water are directed between the interior and exterior pressure vessels so that the water cools the walls of the interior vessel and is turned to compressed steam. A mixture of steam, compressed air and fuel is formed at the fuel nozzle and is directed into the combustion chamber where it is ignited by an ignitor to produce a high temperature high pressure gas. The high temperature high pressure gas is directed into a dynamic rotor cylinder where its pressure eccentrically rotates a dynamic rotor which is in turn coupled to an output shaft.

Abstract: A thermodynamic rotary engine (2) comprising a positive displacement compressor (4), a combustion chamber (6) in which air from the compressor and fuel are burnt, and a rotatable cyclicly operating gas expander (10) for receiving combustion gas from the combustion chamber, the gas expander comprising a rotor (12) which is constructed for rotation within a cylinder (16), the cylinder being rotatable with the rotor in the same direction as the rotor, the cylinder and the rotor defining between them a variable volume expansion chamber (10) as they rotate during operation of the engine, the cylinder having a fixed inwardly projecting vane (22) which slidably engages in sealing means (24) in the rotor and so divides the variable volume expansion chamber into two portions, the sealing means being rotatable in the rotor so that the vane can remain engaged between the rotor and the cylinder in spite of differential rotational speeds between the rotor and the cylinder during each cycle of operation of the gas expander

Abstract: A positive displacement rotary compound chamber motor comprises a piston rotor and a barrier rotor rotating cooperatively in a ported housing. The piston rotor has a compound piston which during rotation sweeps out a compound working chamber. The barrier rotor has a small piston which sweeps out a high pressure (HP) chamber. A flange on the piston rotor is the barrier for the HP chamber. All pistons mesh with recesses in the rotor assemblies. During operation, the HP chamber is filled with HP gas, which then expands in the compound chamber. A compound piston larger than the small piston achieves a high expansion ratio. A leakage path from the HP chamber to exhaust is blocked by the addition of an intermediate piston and its meshing intermediate recess.

Abstract: An external combustion engine has at least two axially spaced banks of radially disposed cylinders formed in a rotating engine block. A reciprocating piston is mounted in each cylinder. The block is rotatably mounted in an external engine housing and rotates about a first axis. A drive shaft is rotatably mounted in the external housing along a second axis parallel to but displaced from the first axis. The drive shaft extends through the central portion of the engine block and has a polygonal cross section with as many faces as there are pistons in each bank. Each piston engages a respective face of the polygonal drive shaft so that as the drive shaft and the engine block rotate together, the relative eccentric motion therebetween causes the pistons in each bank to reciprocate within their respective cylinders. A first bank of pistons is dedicated to the intake and compression of air drawn in from an air intake port in the external housing.

Abstract: A fluid pressure device of the type having reciprocating pistons disposed in associated cylinders formed in an engine block that rotates conjointly with a drive shaft mounted eccentrically to the spin axis of the engine block. The length of the piston strokes is determined by the offset distance between the spin axis of the engine block and the spin axis of the drive shaft, said respective axes being parallel to one another.At least two axially spaced banks of radially disposed pistons and complementally formed cylinders are provided, and base plate means serve to rigidly interconnect axially adjacent pistons of the respective banks. Axially spaced bridle rings retain the opposed ends of the base plates and serve to rigidly interconnect diametrically opposed pairs of pistons.Openings formed in a stationary cylindrical housing transiently align with the rotating cylinders to provide the valving means for the device.

Abstract: Constant volume, continuous external combustion rotary engine which incorporates at least one radial piston compressor, at least one continuous-combustion chamber, at least one radial piston expander together with a means to supply fuel to the combustion chamber. A novel arrangement of compressor and expander manifolding controls admission and discharge to and from the compressor and expander sections. Power output is realized when opposed expander pistons equipped with roller bearings react directly on the internal cam lobe surfaces of a stationary housing causing the cylinder block to rotate and drive the compressor piston inwardly or outwardly as their roller followers engage their cam tracks. As a fresh charge of compressed air is delivered to the hydrocarbon fueled combustion chamber, an equal amount of combustion product under almost equal pressure is withdrawn by the expander. When combustion charging is completed, both compressor and expander are momentarily disconnected from the combustion chamber.

Abstract: In a split cycle combustion or heat engine having motor or transfer unit, or both, of positive displacement, such unit or units comprising workroom, housing and working parts of shaft, rotor, vane or vanes and interceptor, a method of sealing the working clearances or potential leak areas between the working parts, and the working parts and housing, and/or cooling the working parts and housing of any unit by providing a system of galleries or passages to and in the working parts and housing walls, these galleries capable of receiving compressed air or gas from a compressor via a booster pump and permitting such air or gas to flow into the workroom, or work chamber.The booster pump so arranged that it is capable of delivering air or gas as sealing medium, or cooling medium with a higher pressure than the combustion pressure, or the pressure in any other unit of the engine.

Abstract: A rotary pump or motor has a rotor with no relatively movable parts and has the valving incorporated in the housing with the valving actuated by cams on the rotor. The air or gas flow through the pump or motor is by way of passages in the rotor on opposite sides of a piston on the rotor, this piston fitting in an annular groove in the housing.This type of pump or motor device is utilized in a hot gas engine in which two or more devices functioning as pumps in series supply compressed air to a burner and two or more similar devices functioning as motors receive hot gas under pressure from the burner to be driven by this gas and in turn driving the pumps for operation as a hot gas engine. The rotors of all the pumps and motors are incorporated in a single rotor with a burner construction also in the rotor between the pump rotor elements and the motor rotor elements.

Abstract: A heating system which includes a combination of a sliding vane compressor, a positive pressure combustor and a sliding vane expander is disclosed. The components of the present system have been found to operate together to permit full use of the B.T.U. value of fuel.