Abstract: The cylinder head includes an intake port communicating with a cylinder of a cylinder block, a cylinder head main body having an exhaust port communicating with the cylinder, and a rocker housing integrally formed on the cylinder head main body and an inner side of which is defined as a valve-system accommodating space. The rocker housing includes a lateral wall having a lateral wall main body and a base end portion which extends along a lower end of the lateral wall main body, connects the lateral wall main body to the cylinder head main body, and has a thickness thicker than that of the lateral wall body. A flow path which extends in an extending direction of the base end portion and through which a fluid flow is formed in the base end portion.

Abstract: Provided is a gas engine having a spark plug provided with a pre-combustion chamber and a check valve, the gas engine, in which the check valve is arranged in the neighborhood of the pre-combustion chamber, being capable of preventing adhesion of a solenoid controlled valve provided at an upstream side of the check valve due to soot accumulation, and dead volume in a fuel inlet passage. In a gas engine in which fuel gas is supplied to the pre-combustion chamber through the fuel gas inlet passage and the fuel gas supplied in the pre-combustion chamber is ignited by spark discharge at the spark plug that is fitted to a mounting hardware piece via a seat surface, a solenoid valve for performing open-close control of the fuel gas is provided, and a first check valve is also provided posterior to a discharge side of the solenoid valve so as to prevent back flow of the combustion gas from the pre-combustion chamber to the solenoid controlled valve.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed including a first end defining an inner passage along a first inner surface of the first end, where the inner passage has threads structured to receive a spark plug. The apparatus further includes a second end opposite the first end and extending into a combustion chamber of a cylinder, the second end defining a pre-combustion chamber along a second inner surface and threads on an outer surface structured to thread into a spark plug hole in a cylinder head, which may be an enlarged spark plug hole. The second end includes holes that fluidly couple the pre-combustion chamber of the second end with the combustion chamber of the cylinder.

Abstract: Apparatus constituting part of an induction and fuel delivery system for a cylinder of a piston internal combustion engine comprising a small cyclone into which is tangentially discharged a flow of heated air to generate a sustained vortex of high rotational speed; a modulatable fuel injector delivering a flow of atomized fuel into said small cyclone wherein it underdoes flash evaporation and energetic mixing; a delivery duct connecting said small cyclone to the inlet tract of said cylinder wherein said vortex fuel-air mixture is mixed with heated induction air; and means to prevent overheating of said modulatable fuel injector.

Abstract: An ignition plug for an internal combustion engine is provided, which includes a pre-combustion chamber cell (150) and at least three exhaust nozzles (160, 170). The pre-combustion chamber cell (150) is disposed to surround a pair of electrodes (140b) in the lower portion of a main cell (110) and is formed in the inner portion where the electrodes (140) are contained. Meanwhile, a circular main exhaust nozzle (160) through which a fluid goes in and out is disposed in the central region of the pre-combustion chamber cell (150). The ignition plug enables the whole engine to have a quick combustion speed. As a result, a more reliable improvement of a combustion performance can be obtained. Also, a fuel-to-air ratio can be enhanced, and an exhaust gas reduction effect can be obtained.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed including a first end defining an inner passage along a first inner surface of the first end, where the inner passage has threads structured to receive a spark plug. The apparatus further includes a second end opposite the first end and extending into a combustion chamber of a cylinder, the second end defining a pre-combustion chamber along a second inner surface and threads on an outer surface structured to thread into a spark plug hole in a cylinder head, which may be an enlarged spark plug hole. The second end includes holes that fluidly couple the pre-combustion chamber of the second end with the combustion chamber of the cylinder.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for installation and functioning of a flame front type ignition system in a throughbore through the wall of the head of an internal combustion engine. The flame front ignition system employs a flame cone which is thread ably inserted within the throughbore. The inboard end of the flame cone is provided with a plurality of exit ports opening from a central channel and into the combustion chamber. The flame cone is provided with indicia on its outboard face and a marker is provided on the outer rim of the throughbore. When an indicia letter on the flame cone is aligned with the marker, the flame cone is properly installed. The depth of insertion of the flame cone is adjustable by means of spacer washers adapted to selectively adjust the dept as well as seal the flame cone in the throughbore.

Abstract: A torch jet spark plug (10) for use in a spark ignition system of an internal combustion engine. The spark plug (10) of this invention provides for ignition of an air/fuel mixture within a combustion prechamber (12) within the plug (10), which creates a jet of burning gases that are propelled through an orifice (32) into the engine main combustion chamber to increase the burning rate of the air/fuel mixture within the combustion chamber. The orifice (32) is oriented in the plug (10) so that its axis is not parallel with the longitudinal axis of the plug (10), enabling the jet of burning gases to be selectively directed to any desired region within the combustion chamber, such as a region within the chamber that would not otherwise burn well compared to other regions of the chamber.

Abstract: A diesel cycle, direct injected internal combustion engine is provided with a piston recess or bowl into which fuel is injected each combustion cycle. One or more reaction chambers adjacent the piston recess are in communication with the recess through an array of discrete orifices located along the side wall of the recess. Partial reaction of fuel and air in the reaction chambers each combustion cycle produces radicals including intermediate species for seeding a fuel air mixture of a following combustion cycle through a delayed discharge of radicals from the reaction chamber into the piston recess. The discrete orifices are arranged in a specific array that ensures a desired chaotic flow in the reaction chambers and maximum interaction between radicals discharged from the reaction chamber and the soot cloud formed in the combustion chamber upon ignition of the fuel air mixture in the piston recess.

Abstract: A combustion prechamber is formed by at least two components. An upper component for accommodating an injection device, for example, and a lower component for sealing the prechamber off from the main combustion chamber. To configure such a combustion pre-chamber such that, without impairing the combustion process and the service life, instead of being welded, the connecting seam between the upper component and the lower component is notch-free and, at the same time, has a high strength, and is produced by a brazing process.

Abstract: A cylinder head arrangement for an engine such as a diesel engine that includes a precombustion chamber. The precombustion is formed primarily by a recess formed in the main combustion chamber and an insert piece that is interlocked in any of a variety of different matters to the cylinder head casting. Various arrangements for achieving the interlocked are disclosed and these include pressing and/or welding.

Abstract: A combustion system of an internal combustion engine includes a main combustion chamber and a swirl flow precombustion chamber connected by a communicating passage. The communicating passage is connected tangentially to the precombustion chamber so as to induce a consistent, repeatable swirling flow pattern of gasses in the precombustion chamber during the compression stroke of the engine cycle. The swirl pattern thoroughly mixes the air, unburned fuel and burned fuel in the precombustion chamber. An igniter such as a spark plug is disposed in the precombustion chamber in a region having a low gas velocity during swirling to allow a small flame kernel to grow every engine cycle and consistently ignite the swirling gas, thereby improving engine efficiency, toxic emissions spark plug life, and allowing the igniter to run at a cooler temperature.

Abstract: A body, having a substantially closed cell formed therewithin, has a projecting nozzle, externally threaded, for threaded engagement with the sparkplug hole in a gas engine cylinder head. The body has two passageways formed therein, each threaded, for admitting fuel into the cell and for mounting a sparkplug or such ignition device thereinto. The body nestably sets into the sparkplug cavity, in the cylinder head, and mounts fluid seals thereabout. Ports broached in walls of the cylinder head water jacketing admit cooling water to the body to dissipate the heat of the precombustion product.

Abstract: A pre-combustion chamber for internal combustion engine according to the present invention includes a cylindrical base portion having threads providing means for threadable engagement with a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, and a plurality of cylindrical inlet ports having threads providing means for threadable engagement with a spark plug, a glow plug, a fuel injector and an air injector.

Abstract: An article of clothing comprises an elongated fabric tube and a generally circular elastic band wherein, by passing the band over different parts of the tube, various decorative and functional article forms are provided.

Abstract: A dome shaped ceramic insert which defines a portion of a swirl chamber is formed at the crown portion with a single aperture through which both the fuel injector and the glow plug can extend. The cylinder head is formed with a portion which fits into the aperture and which has a wall portion which cooperates with the inner walls of the insert to define the upper section of the swirl chamber.

Abstract: This invention relates to a sub-combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, which includes a ceramic hot plug in a hot plug installation hole in a cylinder head, wherein a small clearance is provided between the hot plug and the installation hole to ensure better heat insulation and thus to greatly improve starting performance, combustion efficiency and reliability of the engine. This invention also relates to a sub-combustion chamber, wherein the hot plug can be easily inserted and secured in the hot plug installation hole.

Abstract: An auxiliary combustion chamber for an internal combustion engine having a semi-spherical insulating ceramic liner and a heat resistant ceramic nozzle portion. The chamber has an outer metal member that is cast around the ceramic liner to impart significant compressive stress thereto. The metal member extends past the ceramic liner to form a cylindrical portion. The ceramic nozzle portion is affixed in this cylindrical portion by a shrinkage-fit.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine in which each cylinder or combustion volume includes a separate ignition chamber which communicates with the main combustion chamber through a relatively narrow channel or channels. The combustible mixture is delivered to the separate chamber exclusively through these channels by the compressive action of the piston and is ignited there by a suitable electrical spark, for example. There is no additional admission of fuel or fuel mixture to the separate ignition chamber. The channel or channels terminate in the ignition chamber in such a manner, for example, tangentially, that one or more vortices are generated in the chamber prior to ignition. The channels are so oriented that the emerging igniter flames are directed to potential hot cells in the main combustion chamber where auto-ignition could occur.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for combusting diesel, gasoline, kerosene, alcohol and other compression ignition fuels in either direct or indirect injection compression auto ignition internal combustion engines which enables such engines to operate at low compressions. The apparatus includes an ignition chamber which functions to receive a portion of the incoming fuel charge thereby concentrating such portion in an area separate from the auxiliary or primary combustion chambers.

Abstract: A modular pump-nozzle unit for internal combustion engines, especially air-compressing, fuel-injected internal combustion engines, with precombustion chamber injection. The modular pump-nozzle unit includes a pump element having a pump piston and an injection nozzle. The pump element and the injection nozzle are in communication by way of a connecting duct. The pump element is arranged adjacent to the injection nozzle.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine operating with self-ignition which is equipped with a main combustion space including a piston recess and with an auxiliary chamber arranged in the cylinder head an injection nozzle is coordinated to the auxiliary chamber while the chamber includes an insert forming an overflow channel provided with several discharge holes terminating in the main combustion space. The discharge holes are matched as regards their direction and cross section to the main combustion space-air volume component to be seized or impinged upon by the respective jet passing through the corresponding discharge hole. The discharge holes are thereby proportional in cross section to the main combustion space-air volume component located in front thereof when the piston is in a position corresponding to the center point of the full-load heat-release curve and are directed toward the center of gravity of the respective main combustion space-air volume component.

Abstract: A torch chamber apparatus and method for providing a more thorough combustion of a fuel/air mixture in a combustion chamber of a cylinder of an internal combustion engine. The torch chamber is configurated as a hollow, cylindrical body having a jet nozzle and external threads at a first end and an axial, internally threaded, spark plug-receiving opening at the second end. A diametrally enlarged shoulder, wrench engagement nut with an indicia thereon is also included at the second end. The dimensions of the hollow cylindrical body and the shoulder are selectively predetermined to adapt the torch chamber to be inserted into a spark plug access bore with a deformable gasket sealingly engaged between the shoulder and the rim of the access bore. The method includes interposing the torch chamber between the spark plug and the combustion chamber while aligning the jet nozzle inside the combustion chamber by viewing the indicia.

Abstract: A novel spark plug adapter unit for spark plugs of an internal combustion engine having a main combustion chamber defined by a cylinder bore and its associated piston and a valved intake passage for introducing a lean fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber. The spark plug adapter mounted in the engine in the threaded socket for the conventional spark plug has a mini-combustion or spark ignition chamber about the spark gap and a valved branch passage to the ignition chamber connected to a first fuel supply, such as a raw fuel source or a rich fuel-air mixture source, to achieve ignition thereof in the ignition chamber causing a flame discharge which ensures ignition of another fuel mixture, such as a lean mixture, in the main combustion chamber.

Abstract: A liquid cooled, internal combustion engine operating on the diesel cycle including a combustion chamber (34) and a piston (14). Liquid coolant passages (40) receive liquid coolant from a pump (46) for cooling the engine. A prechamber housing (54) is in fluid communication with the combustion chamber but spaced by an air gap within an opening (50) in the head (24) of the engine. A gaseous coolant is directed via conduits (72,82,86,92) to the opening to cool the prechamber.