Abstract: A fuel injector having an integrated spark plug is provided, the fuel injector providing direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, and the spark plug for igniting the fuel injected into the combustion chamber. Also provided is a spark-plug insulator that insulates a first electrode and a second electrode which is set apart from the first electrode by a spark gap, the fuel injector and the spark-plug insulator of the spark plug being arranged in a shared housing. The spark gap has a width of 50 to 300 ?m and is disposed in front of the fuel injector at a distance of 3 to 10 mm.

Abstract: An igniter for ignition over a wide air/fuel ratio range. Igniter includes an igniter body including an internal cavity disposed substantially within the igniter body, an internal spark gap disposed substantially within the internal cavity, an external spark gap disposed substantially on an exposed surface of the igniter body, and a fuel charge delivery system for delivering a fuel charge to the internal cavity.

Abstract: A spark plug and fuel injector combination. The spark plug has a central channel that funnels fuel into the lower portion of the spark plug, where it is superheated. A solenoid system causes a needle valve to rise up to allow a measured quantity of fuel to be injected into a cylinder through a nozzle, where it vaporizes upon exiting the spark plug. A spring releases the needle valve to close the nozzle. The spark plug also has an ignition ring on the base. The ignition ring produces an encompassing spark, which produces complete combustion of the vaporized fuel. This produces more power and better fuel economy.

Abstract: A fuel injector-spark plug combination includes a fuel injector for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine and a spark plug with a spark-plug insulator, the spark plug having a first electrode, and a second electrode for igniting the fuel injected into the combustion chamber. The fuel injector and the spark-plug insulator of the spark plug are arranged at a biaxial offset in a respective receiving bore of a shared connecting member inserted in a recess of a cylinder head.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for the creation, placement and control of an area of electrical ionization within an internal combustion engine combustion chamber. This area of electrical ionization is positioned so that all of the fuel being injected into the combustion chamber must pass next to or through the area of electrical ionization to ensure that combustion has been initiated for all of the fuel as it is injected. This area of electrical ionization can be kept on as long as it is necessary to insure that the all of the fuel that is injected into the combustion chamber can be completely combusted. An engine equipped with this electrical ionization device has its fuel economy enhanced by timely, controlled, and complete combustion of all of the fuel injected into its combustion chamber. Furthermore, the pollutant emissions of both oxides of nitrogen and unburned hydrocarbons are reduced dramatically.

Abstract: A fuel injector-spark plug combination comprises a fuel injector for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine and a spark plug with a spark-plug insulator, a first electrode and a second electrode for igniting the fuel injected into the combustion chamber. The fuel injector includes an actuator cooperating with an actuation device, which is in force-locking, operative connection to a valve needle, the valve needle, or a valve-closure member connected thereto, cooperating with a valve-seat surface to form a sealing seat. The valve needle of the fuel injector and the spark-plug insulator of the spark plug are positioned in a shared housing at a biaxial offset.

Abstract: An injector, especially for an accumulator injection device, comprises an inlet connection (8), a leakage connection (3) and an electric connection (7). The leakage connection (3) and the electric connection (7) are embodied as a single-piece injection component (2), wherein the component is directly injection-moulded onto the injector (1).

Abstract: In a center injection type of direct injection engine, since it has an ignition plug and an injector arranged in proximity, there occurs the problem that a sprayed liquid fuel directly strikes the ignition plug and causes the plug to misfire. A notch is to be provided at a portion of the injector end so as to form a coarse-grained portion and a dense portion in sprays of fuel, and the injector is disposed so that the coarse-grained portion is directed towards the ignition plug. It is possible to avoid the misfiring of the ignition plug and thus prolong the life of the plug, by preventing a liquid fuel from directly striking the plug.

Abstract: A fuel injection assembly comprising a main structure (101) for mounting on an internal combustion engine, the main structure having one or more orifices (115) for injecting fuel directly into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, and the main structure also having mounted thereon charge electrodes (105, 118) positioned to provide an electric field which passes through the flow of fuel, for charging fuel particles to improve atomisation. The main structure also has mounted thereon a spark electrode (104) adapted to provide a fuel ignition spark for the internal combustion engine. The main structure of the assembly is adapted for removable mounting, having a threaded portion (102) adapted to co-operate with a threaded aperture in the internal combustion engine, normally adapted to receive a convention spark plug.

Abstract: A fuel delivery injector for a spark-ignition internal combustion engine. The delivery injector forms part of a device (10) which provides a combined fuel injection and ignition means for the engine. The fuel delivery injector comprises means defining a flow path (28) for delivery of a fuel entrained in a gas to a combustion chamber of the engine. The flow path (28) has a delivery port (30) through which the fuel is delivered into the combustion chamber as a spray of fuel droplets and vapour, the delivery port (30) being defined between a valve seat (31) and a valve member (23) movable with respect to the valve seat (31) for opening and closing the delivery port (30). The delivery injector is configured to influence the trajectory of the fuel spray, whereby smaller fuel droplets and vapour in the fuel spray are caused to flow towards a spark gap (49) in close proximity to the downstream end of the delivery port (30) and whereby larger fuel droplets are not so caused to flow towards the spark gap (49).

Abstract: A fuel injector-spark plug combination (1) comprises a fuel injector (2) for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine and a spark plug (3) with a spark-plug insulator (19), a first electrode (20) and a second electrode (21) for igniting the fuel injected into the combustion chamber. The fuel injector (2) includes an actuator (4) cooperating with an actuation device (5), which is in force-locking, operative connection to a valve needle (6), the valve needle (6), or a valve-closure member (7) connected thereto, cooperating with a valve-seat surface (8) to form a sealing seat. The valve needle (6) of the fuel injector (2) and the spark-plug insulator (19) of the spark plug (3) are positioned in a shared housing (9) at a biaxial offset.

Abstract: A fuel injector having an integrated spark plug for injecting fuel directly into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine and for igniting the fuel that is injected into the combustion chamber has a valve body, which, together with a valve-closure member, forms a sealing seat. Disposed contiguously to the sealing seat is a discharge orifice, which discharges at a valve-body end face facing the combustion chamber. Provision is also made for a housing body that is insulated from the valve body, and for an ignition electrode that is connected to the housing body. In this context, a spark arc-over is produced between the valve body and the ignition electrode. The ignition electrode and the valve body are formed so that the spark arc-over occurs between the end face of the valve body facing the combustion chamber and the ignition electrode.

Abstract: A combustion enhancement system that enhances combustion by converting fuel into hydrogen-enriched fuel within a combustion region, and igniting the hydrogen-enriched fuel by one or more ignitor. A fuel supply provides at least one of fuel or air/fuel mixture to the discharge gap of the ignitor. A method is also provided to dissociate a fuel or air/fuel mixture into hydrogen enriched combusible mixture. The method includes locating the ignition device so that the discharge gap is in device communication with the combustion region, and dissociating at least one of fuel, or air/fuel mixture into hydrogen enriched combustible fuel mixture within the discharge gap. A method of igniting is also provided.

Abstract: A fuel injector-spark plug combination includes a fuel injector for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, and a spark plug for igniting the fuel injected into the combustion chamber, and has a spark-plug insulator including a first electrode, and includes a second electrode. The fuel injector and the spark-plug insulator of the spark plug are each disposed in a recess of a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine. The fuel injector and the spark-plug insulator of the spark plug are fixedly held in place in a shared connecting member arranged outside of the cylinder head.

Abstract: A fuel injector-spark plug combination (1) includes a fuel injector (2) for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine and a spark plug (3) with a spark-plug insulator (19), the spark plug (3) having a first electrode (20), and a second electrode (21) for igniting the fuel injected into the combustion chamber. The fuel injector (2) and the spark-plug insulator (19) of the spark plug (3) are arranged at a biaxial offset in a respective receiving bore (12; 13) of a shared connecting member (9) inserted in a recess (18) of a cylinder head (19).

Abstract: An electromagnetic fuel ram-injector and improved ignitor.

Abstract: Ignition delay in a diesel engine is reduced or eliminated by a fuel injector or igniter nozzle which includes energy supplying fuel conditioning means at the point of fuel injection into a cylinder. A preferred embodiment includes an electrically-conductive injection valve reciprocable in a conductive nozzle body and seatable on a valve seat to stop fuel flow through nozzle orifices. The injection valve is electrically insulated from the body except at its contact with the valve seat and is connected to an electrical charge, at least during opening of the valve. An electrical spark discharge is thus generated between the injection valve and the valve seat upon opening of the valve. Initially injected fuel passes through the arc and is conditioned by the spark energy to ignite almost immediately by compression ignition upon entering the engine cylinder and thus essentially eliminate diesel ignition delay.

Abstract: Catalyst structure, engine, and fuel injection system are disclosed, in which a catalyst structure is positioned between a fuel injector and a combustion chamber in which most or all combustion occurs. The catalyst structure typically promotes some combustion of the fuel, reforming of fuel to generate hydrogen and other reduced species of fuel molecules, or both. The catalyst structure may instead or additionally promote evaporation of fuel droplets. Benefits include reduced emissions of pollutants.

Abstract: A device (10) providing a combined fuel injection and ignition means for a spark-ignition internal combustion engine. The device (10) comprises a insulator body (25) of ceramic material, a fuel flow path (24) having a section thereof encased in the insulator body (25) and terminating at a delivery port (45) disposed outwardly of the insulator body (25), and, an ignition path (23) having a section encased in the insulator body (25) in a spaced apart relationship with respect to the section of the fuel path (24). The fuel path (24) is defined within a valve structure (33) detachably secured to the insulator body (25) so as to be selectively removable therefrom. The ignition path (23) terminates at an electrode (95) disposed outwardly of the insulator body (25). The insulator body has a nose portion (100) and a skirt portion (69) beyond the delivery port (45).

Abstract: An injection and ignition device is disclosed, for preparing, injecting and igniting a stratified air-fuel charge inside the cylinder of an internal combustion engine. The device comprises and injection valve, ignition means and a combustion shell surrounding the injection valve and ignition means. The combustion shell has a plurality of flame nozzles cut through its walls. The injection valve divides the total amount of fuel injected per cycle into a main dose and a pilot dose. The main dose is injected into the combustion chamber, forming a lean mixture therein. The smaller pilot dose is injected inside the combustion shell, forming a rich moisture therein. The ignition means easily ignite this rich mixture. As the fuel burs inside the combustion shell, the pressure therein will rise and the combustion flames will be ejected through the flame nozzles into the combustion chamber. Thus torch ignition of the lean mixture field occurs.

Abstract: A fuel injector having an integrated spark plug (1) for injecting fuel directly into a combustion chamber (72) of an internal combustion engine and for igniting the fuel that is injected into the combustion chamber (72) has a valve body (7), which, together with a valve-closure member (10), forms a sealing seat. Disposed contiguously to the sealing seat is a discharge orifice (12), which discharges at a valve-body (7) end face (73) facing the combustion chamber (72). Provision is also made for a housing body (2) that is insulated from the valve body (7), and for an ignition electrode (70a) that is connected to the housing body (2). In this context, a spark arc-over is produced between the valve body (7) and the ignition electrode (70a). The ignition electrode (70a) and the valve body (7) are formed in such a way that the spark arc-over takes place between the end face (73) of the valve body (7) facing the combustion chamber (72) and the ignition electrode (70a).

Abstract: A fuel injector having an integrated spark plug (1) for injecting fuel directly into a combustion chamber (72) of an internal combustion engine and for igniting the fuel that is injected into the combustion chamber (72) has a valve body (7), which, together with a valve-closure member (10), forms a sealing seat. Disposed contiguously to the sealing seat is a discharge orifice (12), which discharges at a valve-body (7) end face (73) facing the combustion chamber (72). Provision is also made for a housing body (2) that is insulated from the valve body (7), and for an ignition electrode (70a) that is connected to the housing body (2). In this context, a spark arc-over is produced between the valve body (7) and the ignition electrode (70a). The ignition electrode (70a) and the valve body (7) are formed in such a way that the spark arc-over takes place between the end face (73) of the valve body (7) facing the combustion chamber (72) and the ignition electrode (70a).

Abstract: An electromagnetic fuel ram-injector and improved ignitor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for controlling the injection of a fuel into a combustion chamber (2) of a cylinder of a controlled-ignition or diesel internal combustion engine, the combustion chamber (2) being equipped with at least one spark plug (8).

Abstract: A process for performing energy conversion that converts pressurized combustants to produce to expansive work in one or more devices selected from the group including a reversible fuel cell, expansion engine, and heat releasing combustor.

Abstract: An electromagnetic fuel ram-injector and improved igniter apparatus, comprising a fuel injector, and a fuel igniter in series with the injector, to ignite fuel passing through the injector.

Abstract: An electromagnetic fuel ram-injector and an improved fuel ignitor are disclosed for independent as well as cooperative use. The injector includes the use of two opposing radially slotted disc armatures attached to a single tubular ram rod to supply fuel to the injector. The ignitor includes the use of heated wire in conjunction with ceramic to provide an ignition source.

Abstract: An igniter for internal combustion engines is described, wherein a fluid composition of liquid igniter fuel containing several air bubbles enrichened with fuel vapor, is created. This fluid composition is injected into the engine combustion chamber where the several bubbles are ignited. The consequent burning and expansion of the bubbles scatters burning fuel throughout the combustion chamber, thus creating many separate and distributed ignition points. Otherwise slow burning engine fuel air mixture can, in this way, be burned rapidly, completely, and efficiently.

Abstract: A combustion enhancement system that enhances combustion by providing enriched with hydrogen-enriched fuel to a combustion region, and igniting the combustible hydrogen-enriched fuel by one or more ignitor is disclosed. The ignitor has a first electrically conductive surface spaced from a second electrically conductive surface to form a gap in direct communication with the combustion region. The ignitor includes a housing having a first portion and a second portion, a first electrically conductive surface proximate the second portion of the housing, a second electrically conductive surface proximate the second portion of the housing and spaced from the first electrically conductive surface to form a discharge gap. The discharge gap has a discharge initiation region. A fluid passage extends between the first portion and the second portion, the fluid passage being in communication with the discharge gap. An insulator has a surface exposed to the discharge gap.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve (1) having an integrated sparkplug for direct injection of fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine and for igniting the fuel injected into the combustion chamber has a valve body (7) which, together with a valve closing body (10) operated by a valve needle (9), forms a seal seat. The valve body (7) and to some extent the valve needle (9) are surrounded radially by an insulating body (6). The insulating body (6) is in turn surrounded radially at least in part by a housing body (2). Ignition electrodes (15, 16) are provided on the valve body (7) and the housing body (2). The valve needle (9) has a first metal guide section (9a) guided in a swirl insert (14), a second metal guide section (9b) guided in the insulating body (6) and an insulating section (9c) arranged between the guide sections (9a, 9b). The guide sections (9a, 9b) are connected in a positive manner to the insulating section (9c).

Abstract: This invention relates to a procedure for analyzing and influencing the driveability of motor vehicles, including the following steps: Conducting tests on a real vehicle to obtain measurement variables describing its driveability; Continuous monitoring to check whether at least one of a number of predefined trigger conditions is fulfilled, i.e., whether a certain set of variables takes on certain values; If the trigger condition is fulfilled, computation of a profile of several ratings representing vehicle driveability from one or more measured values, using predefined functional relationships.

Abstract: An electromagnetic fuel ram-injector and improved ignitor.

Abstract: An electromagnetic fuel ram-injector and an improved fuel ignitor are disclosed for independent as well as cooperative use. The injector includes the use of two opposing radially slotted disc armatures attached to a single tubular ram rod to supply fuel to the injector. The ignitor includes the use of heated wire in conjunction with ceramic to provide an ignition source.

Abstract: A supplemental nitrous oxide and fuel injection system for use with an internal combustion engine, which includes the unique properties of variable flow-rate control of the supplemental injection system and direct cylinder injection methods. Where an engine is normally controlled by the driver with the (0-100%) throttle control of the existing air/fuel system, this supplemental nitrous oxide and fuel injection system is linked to the existing throttle control and controlled in the same manner. In addition, this system also provides a direct cylinder injection method that completely bypasses the existing intake manifold and carburetor/fuel injection.

Abstract: The internal combustion engine fuel system described includes a structure for mixing the alternative fuel, preferably hydrogen, with oxygen in ambient air to stratify the fuel. The system includes an adapter, and the adapter includes a housing mounted between spark plug and cylinder of the internal combustion engine. A plug is placed within the housing. The plug has ridges or grooves on its outer surface that act as mixing structures. Thus, when hydrogen is introduced into the adapter housing it is mixed with ambient oxygen within the chamber as it flows over the plug. The mixing structures in the housing creates a vortexing action as the hydrogen flows over the plug and towards the cylinder of the engine. An electrode protrudes from the plug towards the cylinder. The electrode is preferably platinum and generates the necessary spark to create combustion of the hydrogen/air mixture adjacent to the cylinder to thereby power the cylinder in the engine.

Abstract: A spark plug includes an insulator body provided with a longitudinally-extending through bore. A one-piece, central electrode is secured within the longitudinally-extending through bore, while simultaneously providing an annular zone communicating with a combustion chamber. An earth lower electrode projects diametrically-inward towards the central electrode and is spaced a longitudinally-fixed distance beyond the lower end of the central electrode. A first, non-central longitudinally-extending bore in the insulator body is connected to a fuel metering device for controllably admitting fuel to the combustion chamber. A second, non-central, longitudinally-extending bore in the insulator body is connected between the combustion chamber and an exhaust manifold to exhaust gases from the combustion chamber. A lower-threaded base connects the spark plug to an opening in the combustion chamber.

Abstract: The control system disconnects the throttle from direct connection with the accelerator pedal, which sets the power requirements or demand. The demand signal passes to a computer control or microprocessor which electronically controls the throttle as a function of the engine operating conditions and pre-established values for controlled parameters stored in bitmaps in the microprocessor's memory. It is preferred to use a fuel injecting stratified charge spark plug in conjunction with the electronic control system and use the electronic control system to control the primary and auxiliary fuel injection systems as well as the ignition timing to permit the engine to run under very lean conditions to produce low levels of emissions such as nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, and carbon monoxide.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve includes a valve needle passing through the valve opening to the valve closing body arranged on the spray outlet end. A closing spring prestresses the valve needle in a direction opposite its opening direction aimed in the direction of spraying, so that the valve closing body is in contact with the valve seat on the spray outlet end when the fuel injection valve is closed. The armature is kept engaged and in contact with the valve needle by means of a bearing spring which acts in the direction of opening by means of a connecting piece arranged between the armature and the valve needle. The connecting piece includes a suitable insulation element for providing insulation against high voltage.

Abstract: The internal combustion engine fuel system described includes a structure for mixing the alternative fuel, preferably hydrogen, with oxygen in ambient air to stratify the fuel. The system includes an adapter, and the adapter includes a housing mounted between spark plug and cylinder of the internal combustion engine. A plug is placed within the housing. The plug has ridges or grooves on its outer surface that act as mixing structures. Thus, when hydrogen is introduced into the adapter housing it is mixed with ambient oxygen within the chamber as it flows over the plug. The mixing structures in the housing create a vortexing action as the hydrogen flows over the plug and towards the cylinder of the engine. An electrode protrudes from the plug towards the cylinder. The electrode is preferably platinum and generates the necessary spark to create combustion of the hydrogen/air mixture adjacent to the cylinder to thereby power the cylinder in the engine.

Abstract: Arrangement (2) for fuel injection and ignition of a fuel/air mixture in the combustion chamber (6) in a cylinder (10) provided with a reciprocating piston (8) in a combustion engine. The arrangement includes a tubular retaining body (32) which constitutes an insulator and which is fastenable in the engine cylinder head (14), and a tubular valve housing (44) which runs axially through the retaining body and which has running through it a valve needle (48) with central fuel supply passage (50), and the end (44) of the valve housing (44) in the combustion chamber constitutes a free end provided with a valve seat (52) which accommodates a valve element (54) which is fastened in the end of the valve needle and can be applied to the seat. The valve housing (44), the valve needle (48) and the valve element (54) form together a central electrode in a single-pole ignition plug, the second electrode of which is an electrode (30) firmly attached to the piston (8) or to the cylinder (10).

Abstract: An integrated fuel injector and ignitor assembly is provided which includes an injector body, a fuel control valve and an ignition device. The components are packaged to create a compact assembly for positioning within an injector mounting bore and particularly in a mounting bore of an existing diesel engine. The assembly may include a fuel reservoir for accumulating fuel for injection so as to stabilize the injection pressure. Also, the ignition device may include an ignition coil mounted on the injector body and a replaceable ignitor electrode cartridge mounted on an opposite end of the injector body to permit simple, cost effective replacement of the electrodes/spark plug.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine in which each cylinder is connected to sources both of air and of fuel held as a gas under pressure and in which the compression stroke, during which a full charge of air is drawn and compressed, is substantially completed before the fuel charge is then admitted and the mixture ignited to start the subsequent power stroke. The fuel may be admitted through a unit doubling as admission valve and igniter, and conventional diesel or gasoline-fuelled engines may be converted by designing that unit to fit into the conventional injector or spark plug holes. The compressed gaseous fuel may be methane, or other natural gas. The invention includes both stationary and mobile engines, especially automobile engines, and methods of operating them.

Abstract: A fuel injector with an integrated spark plug for a direct injection type engine capable of adequate fuel injection and adequate spark discharge, even if it becomes very hot because the end part of device is exposed in a combustion chamber and a spark discharge is induced there. An electric conductor is disposed along the central axis, and the electric conductor is electrically coupled with a cable for supplying electric current for the spark discharge. A needle valve made of conductive material is electrically coupled with the electric conductor through a return spring made of conductive material and is reciprocally moved by a solenoid. A needle housing made of conductive material receives the needle valve and has a nozzle for injecting fuel and a center electrode at its end. A grounding electrode is disposed near the center electrode. Insulators are disposed outside of the electric conductor.

Abstract: A fuel injection nozzle for internal combustion engines is arranged for the injection of a quantity of additive between a preinjection quantity and a main injection quantity of the fuel, in order to favorably affect running smoothness and the course of combustion. To assure replicable separation of the quantity of additive from the preinjection quantity and the main injection quantity, the injection nozzle has an intermediate chamber for the liquid additive, located in a nozzle body between a pressure chamber and an antechamber for the main fuel. Throttle gaps separate the intermediate chamber for the antechamber and from the pressure chamber in the closing direction of the valve needle, when a quantity of additive is pumped into the intermediate chamber, the additive positively displaces the main fuel into the pressure chamber. The additive is pumped into the intermediate chamber through an axial inlet conduit and radial bores in the nozzle needle.

Abstract: A high pressure fuel injector has a railplug ignitor assembly disposed on its nozzle. The injected fuel travels down the bore of the railplug. The railplug delivers a plasma that travels down the bore of the railplug in timed relation to the injected fuel to ignite the fuel.

Abstract: The motor comprises a casing defining a circular cavity in which a rotor is rotatably mounted. The rotor is keyed to a hollow shaft issuing from the casing. A pair of angularly-spaced radial partitions are fixed to the casing, extend across the cavity and are in sealing engagement with the rotor. The partitions define a compressor chamber and a work chamber. A hollow compressor piston and a work piston are fixed to the rotor at angularly-spaced locations and extend within and are in sweeping engagement with the compressor and work chambers, respectively. The compressor piston communicates with atmospheric air through the hollow of the shaft. A pair of valved air inlet ports open in the compressor chamber adjacent to respective partitions for adjusting the amount of air entering the latter chamber. An outlet port opens in the work chamber intermediate the partitions.

Abstract: A fuel injection arrangement for internal combustion engines, particularly for diesel engines, is indicated, in which the fuel injection is divided into an advance injection and a main injection for the purpose of noise reduction. An advance injection unit (27) is provided for the purpose of proportioning the advance injection quantity and a fuel injection pump of a conventional construction is provided for proportioning the main injection quantity. For an optimal design of the advance injection quantity with respect to noise reduction without influencing the main injection quantity, the advance injection unit (27) comprises a high-pressure storage (28), which is compressed to injection pressure, and at least one solenoid valve (30), which is controlled with respect to time. The advance and main injections are preferably effected via separate nozzle cross sections (21, 22).

Abstract: The invention is a pulsed, hydraulically actuated fuel injector ignitor system for an internal combustion engine with combustion chambers and a fuel injector, comprising an outer shell containing a fuel inlet cavity, a fuel supply and scavenging chamber supplied with fuel from the inlet cavity through the rod bore of the injector rod, and a fuel pressure chamber, which is resupplied through check valve from the supply chamber after each injection has taken place. The pressure chamber has a poppet valve responsive to a predetermined fuel pressure in the pressure chamber, resulting from the intrusion of injector piston into the pressure chamber, thereby spraying fuel into the combustion chamber through a hot-throated venturi and igniting the fuel as it passes through venturi. Concentric open-ended cylinders form the control body assembly and are positioned between the base assembly and the fluid manifold head cap and having alternate open-ended cylinders in communication with sliding contact.

Abstract: A fuel injection nozzle that produces a non-symmetrical conical stream in an eccentrically and obliquely installed fuel injection nozzle for a engine. The fuel injection nozzle body is formed with a conical end in which the center axis of the conical wall face forming the valve seat on the nozzle body is disposed at an angle (a) to the axis of the valve needle, and that a sealing face on the closing head of the valve needle that cooperates with the valve seat on the nozzle body is spherically curved.

Abstract: In lean operation of internal combustion engines having externally supplied ignition, improvement in terms of fuel consumption and emissions are obtained if the fuel is injected directly into the combustion chamber. Because the gas exchange guide cross sections are large, the space available for installing the injection valve and spark plug is very limited, and disruptions in the course of combustion occur when the injection valve and ignition device are too far apart. By developing a fuel injection valve that has wire electrodes on the injection end to serve as an ignition device, the spark gap arcing over in the vicinity of the fuel introduced by the injection valve, optimal ignition conditions are attained even for poorly ignited fuels or when the proportion of fuel in the combustion chamber charge is extremely low (stratified charge operation).