Abstract: A fuel heating apparatus and method are disclosed where a conductive coil is wrapped around an outer surface of at least a portion of a nozzle of a fuel injector. The coil and the nozzle are inductively cooperative with each other such that the coil, in response to a variable current through the coil, induces a heating of the nozzle. The inductively heated nozzle can heat fuel passing into an engine so as to cause the fuel to combust as it exits the heated nozzle. This arrangement allows for sparkless combustion of fuel in an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A fuel injector body includes an at least partially annular configuration defining a longitudinal axis, a circumferential direction, and a radial direction. A first counterbore and a first cavity extend from the first end toward the second end, and an external interface portion includes a sealing surface disposed axially between the first end and a shoulder. The first cavity defines a bottom surface and a peripheral surface defining a first cavity diameter, and the sealing surface defines a sealing surface diameter. A ratio of the sealing surface diameter to the first cavity diameter ranges from 0.3 to 4.4.

Abstract: An engine fuel and air cooling system for vehicles exchanges heat between a coolant and air conditioning system refrigerant. The system provides a cabin cooling only mode, a cabin and engine fuel and air cooling mode, and an engine fuel and air cooling only mode. A refrigerant distribution manifold distributes the refrigerant for each mode. The engine fuel and air cooling is provided to a supercharger intercooler to cool air provided to the engine, and to fuel rails to cool fuel provided to the engine. In one embodiment the fuel rails include an inner fuel path surrounded by a coolant path to cool the fuel provided to fuel injectors.

Abstract: An air directing device for motorcycles with an engine air cleaner bottom housing. An external air plenum forms both an engine-air intake channel and a rearward cylinder cooling channel by coupling (e.g., directly attaching) the external air plenum to an air filter. The external air plenum defining a forward-facing inlet port and an engine-facing outlet port (disposed over a portion of the rearward cylinder) with the two channels in fluid communication with the inlet port.

Abstract: An air-filter assembly is adapted to be used with a velocity stack of a carburetor of an internal-combustion engine of an automobile. The air-filter assembly includes a generally hollow air-filter member defining an open face, a closed face, and a side connected to and extending between the open and closed faces of the air-filter member. The closed face and side define an air-inlet end, an air-discharge end disposed opposite the air-inlet end, and an air filter arranged between the air-inlet and air-discharge ends. The air-inlet end is adapted to permit air to flow therethrough from exterior the air-filter assembly. The air filter is adapted to remove impurities entrained in the airflow and permit the filtered air to flow therethrough. The air-discharge end is adapted to permit the filtered air to flow therethrough into the velocity stack.