Abstract: An improved valving configuration for dual compression/expansion engines having multiple, relatively small diameter intake transfer valve assemblies disposed about a fuel injection apparatus in the internal housing, a relatively large diameter exhaust transfer valve assembly including a valve, spring apparatus, valve seat and cage for assembly into the internal housing, and a method of assembling the transfer valves to the internal housing including assembling the intake transfer valves to the internal housing through the exhaust transfer valve assembly aperture in the internal housing prior to securing the exhaust transfer valve assembly to the internal housing.

Abstract: An improved dual compression and dual expansion internal combustion engine defined by an external housing with a first piston sleeve and a second piston sleeve, a reciprocating internal housing disposed within the external housing, the internal housing having a conical first piston member operatively disposed in the first piston sleeve to define a first compression chamber and a conical second piston member operably disposed in the second piston sleeve to define a second expansion chamber, and the internal housing further defining an operating chamber assembly with two reciprocating, opposed pistons disposed in a rotationally oscillating cylinder sleeve valve therein to form a combustion chamber, the cylinder sleeve valve providing selective flow connection from the first compression chamber to the combustion chamber and to the second expansion chamber from the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A two stroke cycle internal combustion engine providing a cylinder movably held within the cylinder block. The ports operation timing is controlled by the longitudinal movement of the cylinder.

Abstract: A purging and recharging system improves the repeating of detonations from a detonation device 10 having a detonation chamber 20 separated from an ignition chamber 25 by a detonation plate 22 having an opening 23 through which a flame jet can pass from ignition chamber 25 to detonation chamber 20. A differential piston 30 driven by a detonation in a differential cylinder 31, 32 around detonation chamber 20 affords a fluid passageway between differential piston 30 and detonation chamber 20. On a power stroke, differential piston 30 compresses recharging air and draws in cooling and exhaust purging air to surround detonation chamber 20. On a return stroke, differential piston 30 forces cooling and purging air into detonation chamber 20 and then admits compressed recharging air into detonation chamber 20.

Abstract: The engine of this invention comprises at least one hollow cylindrical member within which is a non-moveable disc that separates the cylinder into two opposite bores. A stationary piston is slideably contained in each bore. Each bore-piston combination contains an ignition means, a fuel passage and an exhaust passage. A valve connects with each of the passages and is timed to open and close to provide fuel, compression, and exhaust in conjunction with the ignition means to cause the cylindrical member to move in a reciprical motion with respect to the stationary pistons.

Abstract: The machine is an engine or pump with a box shaped piston positioned between two stationary sidewalls. Opposite inward ends and inwardly facing moving sidewalls of the piston act with the two stationary case sidewalls and a block-shaped central head to define a pair of working chambers. The piston moves as restrained by a crankshaft to extract or add energy to the working chambers. Force is transferred between the piston and the crankshaft by means of a slide block on the crankshaft and the inner surface of a pair of parallel walls connected to the box shaped piston. Through the use of suitable cams and valves, four-cycle, two-cylinder equivalent engines and two-cycle, one-cylinder equivalent engines can be produced per piston. The planar walls of the machine maximize displacement while reducing mechanical stress and allowing use of heat resistant coating material, such as ceramics for thermal protection so that radiantly cooling rather than separate fluid or gaseous cooling systems can be used.

Abstract: A novel internal combustion cycle and internal combustion engine operating thereon. Expansion of the hot combustion gases is controllably achieved in a primary combustion/expansion chamber and a secondary expansion chamber in a manner to reduce engine exhaust pressures to essentially atmospheric or below. The chambers are defined by two members movable with respect to each other within an engine block volume. Porting and fluid flow control is accomplished through the motion of the moving members. Embodiments include the use of a suction chamber which achieves subatmospheric exhaust pressures and which, in conjunction with a pressure-pumping chamber, achieves a "push-pull" effect on the fluid in the engine. Unique porting of the fuel/air mixture is provided and it includes, if desired, means to vary the fuel/air ratio during the cycle. The engine of this invention exhibits performance characteristics associated with the usual four-stroke cycle engines.

Abstract: An engine comprising; a substantially cylindrical housing; a rotor rotatably mounted in said housing on an axis parallel with the longitudinal central axis of the housing to execute an orbital motion within the housing, a plurality of tubular elements each slidably mounted over fixed piston elements projecting substantially inwardly from the housing; said tubular elements being closed at their inner ends and having their inner ends in slidable driving engagement with said rotor for causing reciprocation of the tubular elements over the piston elements upon rotation of the rotor; and the volume of the space defined by the interior of the tubular element and the piston element varying with the rotation of the rotor.

Abstract: A novel internal combustion cycle and internal combustion engine operating thereon. Expansion of the hot combustion gases is controllably achieved in a primary combustion/expansion chamber and a secondary expansion chamber in a manner to reduce engine exhaust pressures to essentially atmospheric or below. The chambers are defined by two members movable with respect to each other within an engine block volume. Porting and fluid flow control is accomplished through the motion of the moving members. Embodiments include the use of a suction chamber which achieves subatmospheric exhaust pressures and which, in conjunction with a pressure-pumping chamber, achieves a "push-pull" effect on the fluid in the engine. Unique porting of the fuel/air mixture is provided and it includes, if desired, means to vary the fuel/air ratio during the cycle. The engine of this invention exhibits performance characteristics associated with the usual four-stroke cycle engines.

Abstract: Improvements in an internal combustion engine comprising an elongated stationary piston having an elongated double ended movable piston coaxially mounted thereon for reciprocation. Two stationary combustion cylinders reciprocably receive the opposite ends of the movable piston, respectively. A crankshaft is journaled for rotation in the stationary piston, the axis of the crankshaft coinciding substantially with a diameter of both pistons. A crank on the crankshaft is operatively connected by means of a connecting rod to the movable piston, the connection of the rod to the movable piston being on the diameter lying in a plane which includes the axis of the crankshaft.

Abstract: An improved combustion chamber and piston therefor, for an internal combustion engine of the type having a cylinder block and a cylinder head positioned thereabove and having pistons slideably mounted in suitable hollow cylinders in the cylinder block. The piston has a concave piston head defining a combustion cavity therein and the cylinder head extends downwardly into the piston head cavity so that combustion takes places solely within the piston head cavity. During the piston power stroke, the expanding combusted fuel exerts force on the piston head but not on the cylinder walls.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having a housing defining a pair of axially aligned and opposing cylinders with a lubricant chamber therebetween, a stationary piston in the housing extending through the lubricant chamber and having opposite ends disposed within the aligned cylinders, and a hollow cylindrical piston slidably received within the housing and around the stationary piston for reciprocal movement thereby forming a pair of first variable volume chambers between it and the aligned cylinders and a pair of second variable volume chambers between it and the stationary piston. A carburetor communicates with the second chambers through longitudinal passageways in the stationary piston so as to admit a charge of combustible fuel therein which is compressed and then injected into the first chambers for recompression and subsequent combustion, the compression and combustion cycles for the chambers on opposite ends being 180.degree. out of phase.

Abstract: A two stroke mechanism is described which has rotary moveable piston and cylinder-piston elements. The piston and cylinder-piston elements both rotate within a stationary body forming two variable volume chambers. The first variable volume chamber formed between the piston and cylinder-piston elements may serve as a combustion or compression chamber. The second variable volume chamber formed around the piston and cylinder-piston elements and within the stationary body may serve as a precompression chamber. Methods for balancing, sealing, intake, discharge and cooling such mechanisms are disclosed. The mechanisms are especially useful as internal combustion primer movers, external combustion prime movers, pumps and compressors.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine wherein a piston element with rectilinear sides operates within a movable cylinder-piston element having rectilinear sidewalls, and wherein the combustion chamber has a polyhedral shape. Rotatable crankshafts are mounted in each of the piston and cylinder-piston elements so that said elements follow gyratory paths in opposite directions to effect a variable volume combustion chamber. A cylindrical valve member is rotated in timed sequence to the rotation of the crankshafts so that intake and exhaust ports are sequentially opened and closed during the combustion cycles. One or both of the crankshafts may operate or be joined to a drive shaft or shafts for work output, said crankshafts being interconnected by gear means to coordinate gyratory movement of the piston and cylinder-piston elements.