Abstract: A fuel injector of the type in which a valve hole is opened and closed by a valve so as to intermittently inject pressurized fuel from the valve hole includes a distributing adapter fixedly attached to a front end of the valve hole, and an air adapter fixedly attached to a front end of the distributing adapter. The air adapter is formed with a plurality of guide holes directed to a plurality of intake ports of the engine, respectively, and assist air passages each communicating laterally with a corresponding one of the guide holes. The distributing adapter is formed with distributing holes of the same number as the guide holes, each of the distributing holes extending between the valve hole and a corresponding one of the guide holes.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine of the type having a fuel injection valve provided with assist air supply device for finely atomizing fuel and disposed in an intermediate portion of the intake passage, and swirl control device for producing a swirl in the combustion chamber in accordance with an operational condition of the engine, which engine is capable of conducting a lean burn. The engine further includes a control unit for controlling the operation of the assist air supply device in accordance with the operational conditions of the engine including at least the temperature of the engine cooling water, the operational condition of the swirl control device, and the condition whether the engine is in the range of the lean burn to thereby improve the operaation of engine under various conditions.

Abstract: The atomizer fits over the outlet of the fuel injector and comprises a thimble-shaped inner part that nests within a thimble-shaped outer part. Both inner and outer parts comprise holes in their end walls through which injected liquid fuel from the injector outlet passes. The inner and outer parts cooperatively define passages through which assist air is conveyed to the aforementioned holes to aid in the atomization of the injected fuel. Several embodiments of atomizers are disclosed.

Abstract: A fuel injection apparatus, for an internal combustion engine equipped with an air-assist unit for atomizing fuel from a fuel injector, includes a nozzle attached to the end of the injector The nozzle is provided with a mixture passage, to effect a mixing of the fuel and air from the air-assist unit, and mixture injection ports through which the mixture is ejected to intake ports. Since the mixture passage is longer than each mixture injection port, an equal mix of fuel and air can be effected during the flow thereof in the mixture passage.

Abstract: A motor vehicle air-fuel ratio automatic control device comprises an electromagnetic valve electrically connected to the generator of a motor vehicle to control the passageway of an air loop to the fuel pipe of the motor vehicle. Starting the engine of the motor vehicle causes the electromagnetic valve to open the passageway to supply additional air to the fuel pipe so as to increase the proportion of air in the air-fuel ratio. Stopping the engine of the motor vehicle causes the electromagnetic valve to be electrically disconnected so that the passageway is closed whereby the proportion of air in the air-fuel ratio is reduced to enable a subsequent easy starting of the engine.

Abstract: A fuel feed apparatus of an internal combustion engine comprises: a passage member which is formed with a fuel passage serving to direct fuel injected from a fuel injection valve toward respective intake valves of the internal combustion engine, assist air passage through which assist air is jetted so as to cross the fuel injected from the fuel passage, and a cylindrical guide portion serving to regulate a spray cone angle of the fuel when the assist air is jetted from the assist air passages; and an interrupter device for interrupting the supply of the assist air to the air assist passages in accordance with the operating condition of the internal combustion engine, so that sprays of fuel directed to the plurality of intake valves individually are formed by the fuel passage when the interrupter device cuts off the assist air, while a single spray of fuel atomized by the assist air the spray cone angle of which is regulated by the guide portion is formed when the interrupter device allows the assist air to be

Abstract: The fuel injector valves are disposed within the fuel manifold; they have no housings and are completely immersed in liquid fuel.

Abstract: A fuel/air mixture device for a dual injection valve including a single-part element which is suitable for various fuel injection valves without further adjustment measures. The single part element includes an envelope bush portion in contact with the injection end of the fuel injection valve in the form of stop surfaces and, together with this injection end, forms a narrow air gap so that the air is accelerated to almost sonic velocity and the fuel sprayed from the fuel injection openings is finely atomized. The device is particularly suitable for injecting a fuel air mixture into the induction pipe of an internal combustion engine with externally induced ignition.

Abstract: The invention relates to a mixture-compressing internal-combustion engine with secondary-air injection and with air-mass measurement as well as with an injection valve sequential fuel injection and air assistance, the air line provided for air assistance being equipped with a shut-off valve opening in the starting and the warmup phase of the internal-combustion engine.

Abstract: A fuel/air injector for a crankcase compression two-cycle internal combustion engine and control strategy therefore wherein under a first load range of the engine which is generally a low speed, low load range, fuel is supplied to the fuel/air injector at a time which does not precede the opening of the injector valve and then as the load and speed of the engine increase, the timing of opening of the injector valve is advanced until a certain condition is reached and thereafter the opening of the injector valve is held constant and the timing of fuel supply is advanced so that fuel supply precedes the opening of the injector valve.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a fuel vaporizer and system. The fuel vaporizer comprises a fuel injector and a pair of facing nozzle sections for mixing the fuel/air mixture. Further, the internal configuration of the vaporizer and the directing of the incoming air stream into the vaporizer creates a vortex flow within the fuel vaporizer in combination with preheating and pressuring the fuel to facilitate a high degree of mixing within the vaporizer. The vaporizer and system can be added to an existing carbureted or fuel injected system of an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A device for injecting a fuel-gas mixture in which the fuel stream is injected via injection ports of a fuel injection valve into distributor openings of a distributor line in a distributor housing. The fuel streams are injected in aimed fashion from the injection ports via fuel transport conduits into the distributor openings, which has an advantage of accurate fuel allocation to the various distributor openings and of maximally homogeneous mixture formation. The gas for the gas-fuel mixture flows out of a central gas delivery opening via a gas distributor chamber and via a respective gas gap to one distributor opening each, where it envelops the applicable fuel stream in which the gas and fuel is conducted to an intake tube or directly into the cylinder.

Abstract: A device for injecting a fuel-gas mixture having a cup-shaped gas enveloping sleeve in which the cylindrical part of the gas enveloping sleeve permits exact centering of the gas enveloping sleeve relative to the fuel injection valve. The novel device while having very exact centering of the gas enveloping sleeve relative to the fuel injection valve has the advantage of a simple, economical manufacture. The device includes radially inwardly pointing guide strips that rest with their face ends on the circumference of the fuel injection valve and thus in a simple way center the gas enveloping sleeve relative to the fuel injection valve. The device for injecting a fuel-gas mixture is especially well-suited for injection of a fuel gas mixture into the intake tube of a mixture-compressing internal combustion engine with externally supplied ignition.

Abstract: An apparatus for injecting a fuel-gas mixture into the mixing lines of a mixing housing, so that a maximally homogeneous fuel-gas mixture is assured. The fuel is injected in an oriented fashion for the injection ports directly into the mixing lines in an accurate fuel distribution to the various mixing lines in a maximally homogenous mixture formation. From a central gas delivery line, the gas reaches each mixing line via a respective gas conduit. Via the mixture injection lines, the mixture is delivered to the cylinders or injection groups of an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: The atomizer is a cap-shaped shroud that contains a flat stamped metal insert. When assembled onto the nozzle of a fuel injector, the atomizer causes the insert to be axially sandwiched between the shroud's end wall and the exterior end of the nozzle. In the zone of sandwiching, the insert has circumferential discontinuities that in cooperation with the nozzle end and the shroud's end wall define air assist openings for the assist air to flow radially inwardly toward the injected fuel that has just been injected from the nozzle.

Abstract: A fuel supply device comprising a pressurized air passage, a nozzle opening formed at a tip end of the pressurized air passage to inject fuel and pressurized air, a valve for opening or closing the nozzle opening, a fuel injector for injecting fuel in the pressurized air passage, and a guide member arranged in the pressurized air passage between the nozzle opening and the fuel injector. The guide member has a least three contacting faces which are in contact with a cylindrical inner wall of the pressurized air passage, and at least three substantially flat faces each extending approximately in a straight line between the contacting faces which are located on each side of the flat face to form a narrow passage between the cylindrical inner wall of the pressurized air passage and the flat face.

Abstract: A fuel and air assembly is provided for furnishing an air and fuel mixture under pressure to a cylinder of an ignition fired internal combustion engine which utilized a solenoid-actuated valve timed to admit the mixture to the cylinder. A standard fuel injector is interfaced with one end of a mixing insert which is connected at the other end to an air passage of a fuel rail. At one side of the insert is an outlet passage leading to the solenoid actuated valve which has an outlet end shaped to enhance fuel distribution and combustion. The mixing insert contains an air filter and passages to conduct air to the common passage for air and fuel. The insert is captured in the fuel rail between a locating shoulder and the fuel injector for proper positioning relative to the timed valve. An adapter cap on the solenoid assembly joins the insert to the valve controlled passage to the cylinder.

Abstract: A method of operating an internal combustion engine to control "knock" therein, by injecting a metered quantity of fuel entrained in a gas directly onto the engine combustion chamber and controlling the timing of injection of the fuel into the combustion chamber. The control of timing of injection being effected by setting the time of the end of the period of injection in relation to the engine cycle, and reducing the duration of the injection period in response to detection of "knock" in the engine above a predetermined level. The duration of injection is reduced in a stepwise manner one step each cycle until "knock" is eliminated or reduced below the predetermined level.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine including a fuel injector that has an electric solenoid for its actuation that is powered by a battery. In the even the battery condition becomes depleted, the actuating pulse for the solenoid is advanced and extended in duration to accommodate the weakened state of the battery and maintain stable amount of fuel injection regardless of battery condition.

Abstract: In known equipment for injecting a fuel-gas mixture, the danger exists of an asymmetrical effect on the fuel stream from the delivered gas, with resultant poor mixture formation. The novel apparatus has a fuel injection valve, the injection end of which rests on a bearing face of the longitudinal bore of the valve holder. Between the injection end and the bearing, an annular gas conduit is formed, from which at least two gas gaps originate, having opposed gap openings discharging into the mixing line. The symmetrical delivery of the gas to the centrally injected fuel stream leads to the formation of a maximally homogeneous fuel-gas mixture. The embodiment of the apparatus is especially suitable for use in mixture-compressing internal combustion engines with externally supplied ignition.

Abstract: A fuel supply device comprising a plurality of air assist type fuel injectors each having a nozzle opening, an assist air passage connected to the nozzle opening, and a fuel valve for injecting fuel into the assist air passage. The assist air passages of all of the fuel injectors are connected to a common air manifold via corresponding assist air supply control valves. The air manifold is connected to a fuel pressure regulator for controlling the pressure of fuel fed into the fuel valves. This pressure of fuel is maintained at a pressure higher than the pressure of air in the air manifold, by a fixed pressure, by the fuel pressure regulator.

Abstract: This invention concerns a fuel injector for an engine having a combustion chamber provided with a plurality of intake ports, an intake manifold connected to these ports via a branch, intake valves which open and close the ports, and stems passing through the ports which support the intake valves. A fuel injector body is provided upstream of the branch, and the fuel delivered by this body is ejected near the valve stems of the intake ports via a guide pipe which is branched at its end. The openings in the ends of the guide pipe are preferably situated on the side of the center of the combustion chamber, and inject fuel only when the intake valves are open. A mixing mechanism may also be provided to mix fuel and air in the body of the fuel injector. The ends of the guide pipe may also be further branched toward respectively the center and the outside of the combustion chamber.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine comprising structure defining a combustion chamber, structure defining a fuel/air chamber adapted to communicate with a source of air under pressure, structure defining an air chamber, structure for opening the fuel/air chamber to the combustion chamber in response to communication of the air chamber with the air source, structure for effecting communication between the air chamber and the air source in response to delivery of fuel to the fuel/air chamber, and selectively operable structure for delivering fuel to the fuel/air chamber.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine has two intake valves for a combination chamber. The fuel injection system is comprised of a fuel injector installed in an intake manifold to supply fuel into the engine. The fuel injector is formed with at least two fuel discharge openings through which fuel sprays are ejected respectively toward the two intake valves. The fuel injector is further formed with at least one air discharge opening through which air is ejected at a high speed toward a position between the fuel sprays thereby to positively separate the fuel sprays from each other.

Abstract: A fuel air injection system for a multiple cylinder engine wherein an air manifold is rigidly affixed to all of the fuel air injectors so as to form a unitary assembly that can be removed from the engine as a unit.

Abstract: A fuel injection type internal combustion engine has a pair of intake ports provided in a cylinder head to connect a pair of intake valve bores facing a combustion chamber with a single intake inlet end. A fuel injection valve is disposed in an orientation frm the intake inlet end toward both the intake valve bores and includes an assist-air supply means for finely atomizing the fuel. A valve operating mechanism is provided for selectively stopping the intake through one of the intake ports in accordance with the operational condition of the engine. A control means is connected to the assist-air supply means for controlling the assist-air supply means to stop the supply of assist air from the assist-air supply means in at least a portion of an operational region in which the intake through one of the intake ports is substantially stopped.

Abstract: A fuel injection system including an arrangement for opening the injector valve after the engine has stopped so as to purge the injector of any accumulated fuel. The injection valve may be opened and closed through a number of repeated cycles which assist in the removal of carbon deposits or may be held open for a fixed time period. In addition, if the injector is of the air/fuel type, any compressed air in the chamber can be utilized to purge the fuel and also the opening of the injection valve will preclude the accumulation of air pressure in the system after the engine has been shut down.

Abstract: A two cycle crankcase compression internal combustion engine having a main air/fuel injection system for injecting fuel and air directly into the combustion chamber and an auxiliary injection system for injecting fuel into the engine upstream of the combustion chamber for cooling the piston. A variety of arrangements of control strategies and auxiliary injection nozzle positions are illustrated and described.

Abstract: An embodiment of air/fuel injection system for a two-cycle, crankcase compression, internal combustion engine wherein the air/fuel injector is provided with at least a pair of fuel injectors, one of which operates under low speed conditions and the other of which operates under high speed conditions so that adequate fuel can be injected under all running conditions before cylinder pressure reaches its maximum.

Abstract: A single fuel metering injector directs fuel through a plurality of nozzles to a plurality of charge delivery injectors.

Abstract: An airblast fuel injector tip is provided for reducing fuel vaporization problems as a result of high fuel temperatures without adversely affecting the airblast operational characteristics of the injector tip. The injector tip includes a fuel receiving chamber and a fuel discharge orifice downstream thereof and an arcuate, distensible, tubular valve member having a discharge end movable relative to a valve seat in the fuel receiving chamber in dependence on the pressure of fuel in the valve member to meter fuel to the fuel receiving chamber for discharge through the discharge orifice into a combustor.

Abstract: A two cycle engine with pneumatic injection, with the engine including a cylinder, a crankcase communicating with one end of the cylinder, and at least one transfer passageway joining the crankcase to the cylinder. A fuel injector is supplied with compressed air by a container connected to the crankcase and a flow restriction arrangement for restricting the flow of gases is disposed in the transfer passageway. The opening and closing of the flow restriction arrangement is controlled and regulated as a function of at least one engine operating parameter, with the overall result being an improvement in a quality of the fuel injection into the two cycle engines.

Abstract: An electromagnetic valve assembly is shown having an armature and armature-actuated valve member the mass of which is substantially less than the armature and which is not fixedly connected to the armature; upon electrical energization the armature first overcomes a restraining force and then travels a major part of its stroke before actuating the valve member, at a relatively high speed thereby causing movement of the valve member by kinetic energy of the armature.

Abstract: A fuel injection apparatus has a piezoelectric element for generating a high-pressurized air-fuel gas mixture. The piezoelectric element is arranged at a side of a pumping chamber, and a diaphragm is arranged between the piezoelectric element and the pumping chamber. The piezoelectric element produces a pumping function in accordance with a current signal.

Abstract: A fuel injection assembly for an engine comprises a fuel injector having an injector outlet and a nozzle having a nozzle passage with a nozzle inlet and outlet. The nozzle passage includes a converging portion adjacent the nozzle inlet and a diverging portion adjacent the nozzle outlet. The fuel injection assembly further comprises a nozzle support for attaching the nozzle to the fuel injector so that the injector outlet registers with the nozzle passage adjacent the nozzle inlet enabling injection of fuel from the fuel injector into the nozzle passage. The nozzle has a nozzle port adjacent the nozzle inlet enabling the establishment of an air flow which enters the nozzle passage adjacent the nozzle inlet and exits the nozzle passage through the nozzle outlet. At least a portion of the air flow in the nozzle passage is sonic enabling the fuel injected into the nozzle passage to mix with the sonic air flow and be carried by it through the nozzle passage and the nozzle outlet.

Abstract: A two cycle crankcase compression internal combustion engine including an air/fuel injector unit for injecting fuel and air into the engine. Compressed air is delivered to the fuel/air injector unit from an air compressor and a heat exchanger is provided in this line for cooling the air. The cooling is sufficient to cause condensation of any water vapor in the air and the condensate is drained from the system after the engine is stopped through an electrically operated valve. This valve also serves to reduce the pressure of the air in the system when the engine is stopped so that fuel and air will not be discharged if the fuel/air injector unit is removed when the engine is shut down for servicing.

Abstract: A fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine including air introducing passage device extending in one direction for introducing auxiliary air under pressure, annular fuel passage of a disc-like space extending radially outwardly from the air introducing means and substantially perpendicularly to the air introducing passage for introducing fuel for combustion, annular opening provided at inner end of the annular fuel passage for injecting the fuel into the auxiliary air flowing in the air introducing passage from position surrounding the auxiliary air flow at a right angle to the flowing direction of the auxiliary air so that the fuel is atomized to be mixed with the auxiliary air. The fuel from the fuel injecting means is substantially perpendicularly injected into the auxiliary air flow in the form of a thin membrane so that the atomization of the fuel can be effectively facilitated resulting in an improved combustion performance of the liquid fuel.

Abstract: A fluid rail assembly supports a fuel metering injector and a charge delivery on an engine. The charge delivery injector includes flutes spaced about the interior of the nozzle to promote formation and delivery of a charge of fuel and air having desired spray characteristics. The fluid rail body includes passages that provide air to assist in delivering fuel from the fuel metering injector to through the charge delivery injector to the engine, the passages being constructed to inhibit back flow of fuel therethrough.

Abstract: An air injector is provided in the vicinity of a fuel injector. By the fuel injector and the air injector, the droplet diameter of a gasoline spray included an air-fuel mixture supplied to a cylinder of the engine is controlled. When the fuel injector is operated during a suction stroke of a gasoline engine, the droplet diameter of the gasoline spray supplied to a portion if the cylinder in a vicinity of a discharge electrode of a spark plug is controlled to have a predetermined value, such as substantially 40 .mu.m. Since the droplet diameter of the gasoline spray is controlled voluntarily, the air-fuel mixture of the gasoline spray size having a good ignition characteristic property is distributed selectively in the vicinity of the discharge electrode of the spark plug. A stable ignition condition for the engine is maintained without the occurrence of knocking, and an engine having a high thermal efficiency is obtained.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for metering fuel to an engine wherein a continuous supply of fuel is provided by a pump (14) to a fixed capacity chamber (11) and gas under pressure is admitted periodically to said chamber to maintain in the chamber a pressure not greater than the fuel pressure, so that fuel will flow into the chamber as long as there is a pressure differential between the gas in the chamber and the fuel supply. A delivery port (20) in said chamber is open for substantially the duration of the period that gas is admitted to the chamber so that the fuel in the chamber at the time of admission of gas thereto, and fuel entering the chamber during the period of admission of gas, is delivered from the delivery port (20) to the engine. The pressure differential between the fuel supply and the gas in the chamber is controlled in accordance with the fuel demand of the engine to control the quantity of fuel delivered each cycle to the engine.

Abstract: An assist air supply system employs a pressurized air source which is formed separately from an induction system of an automotive internal combustion engine. The pressurized air source is connected to an induction system in the vicinity of a fuel injection valve so as to inject pressurized air in the vicinity of fuel injected through the fuel injection valve. A valve means is disposed between the pressurized air source and discharge of a pressurized air passage, so that the pressurized air can be injected or discharged in synchronism with injection timing of the fuel injection valve.

Abstract: A two-cycle engine has an injector arranged for injecting fuel directly into a cylinder together with compressed air. The compressed air is injected from the injector after the closing of an exhaust port and before ignition, and fuel is injected in the stream of the compressed air in the injector within the period of the air injection.

Abstract: A device for supplying a reciprocating internal combustion engine with a carburetted mixture. The device includes an injection orifice provided with a deflecting arrangement for deflecting a jet of the carburetted mixture delivered by a pneumatic injection system from a prechamber into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine through the injection orifice.

Abstract: An air fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine includes a plurality of fuel injectors supplied with fuel from a common fuel supply and supplied with air for producing a fuel spray pattern immediately upstream of an inlet valve to the combustion bowl of one of the engines cylinders and downstream of the induction air passage which supplies combustion air to the combustion bowl. The injection air supply is provided by an integral motor pump assembly having an electric motor driving a balanced lobe vane pump. The pump motor is electrically driven to charge the fuel injectors with high pressure air before the engine is started and independent of engine operation. The balanced lobe vane pump has an inlet connected to the PVC valve of the engine to provide a oil mist lubrication of the operative wear surfaces of the vane pump and the vane pump has an inlet connected to an air manifold for supplying lower noise and pulse air pressure thereto.

Abstract: Several embodiments of additional fuel supply systems for internal combustion engines that supply supplemental fuel in addition to the normal charge forming device to satisfy certain specific requirements such as cold starting and cold running. In each embodiment, a separate fuel pump is provided for the supplemental fuel discharge but it is contained within and operated by the same operator of the main fuel pump for supplying fuel to the main fuel discharge. In some embodiments, the fuel pump is downstream of the supplemental fuel control and in other embodiments it is upstream of it. In one embodiment, the fuel pump and the supplemental control are all formed in the same housing.

Abstract: In a spark ignition engine, fuel is injected directly into the cylinder volume. In order to obtain improved levels of combustion efficiency and reduced emissions the position of the fuel cloud within the cylinder volume is varied with engine load by controlled variation of fuel injection pressure. In particular, there is disclosed a method and apparatus for injection of fuel by compressed air where the position of the fuel cloud within the cylinder volume is controlled by conjoint control of fuel and air injection pressure. The invention has particular application to two-stroke cycle engines.

Abstract: A fuel injection system (10) having a unique injector (226) cooperating with a unique pump (228) for blowing fuel into the combustion chamber (20) of a diesel engine (12). A reciprocating valve (202) and diaphragm (196) in the pump assembly (174) cooperate to periodically discharge vapor, such as compressed air or steam, and fuel to the injector (26). The vapor drives a piston assembly (32) and a valve assembly (36) to admit high-pressure vapor to a mixing chamber (124). Fuel is simultaneously supplied through a fuel valve assembly (130) to a fuel distribution ring (134) in the mixing chamber (124). The high-pressure vapor or gases blow the fuel from the mixing chamber (124) into the combustion chamber (20). Alternatively, the high-pressure vapor is replaced with a combustion product from a combustion chamber (257) formed in the injector (253). Combustion fuel is supplied through an intake valve (321) and excess gases are exhausted through exhaust valve (323).

Abstract: A fuel injection valve includes an injector body having a fuel injection hole and an adapter having a fuel collision surface, two air injection holes and two injected fuel paths. The fuel injected from the fuel injection hole flows in a slug-like pattern and collides with the fuel collision surface where the fuel is atomized a first time. Then, the fuel flows in a direction away from an axis of the adapter in a membrane-like pattern getting thinner in thickness to be finally broken to pieces, that is, to be atomized a second time. The air injected from the air injection holes collides with the membrane-like pattern of fuel to be atomized a third time before the fuel goes out of the injected fuel paths.

Abstract: A fuel injector for use with an internal combustion engine, including a valve housing having one end formed with a fuel injection hole; a valve member reciprocally movable in the valve housing for opening and closing the fuel injection hole; an actuator for effecting reciprocal movement of the valve member; and a nozzle fixedly mounted to the one end of the valve housing and formed with a fuel atomizer passage.

Abstract: A device for introducing fuel into the head space of cylinder of non-premixed charge (diesel) engines is disclosed, which distributes fuel in atomized form in a plume, whose fluid dynamic properties are such that the compression heated air in the cylinder head space is entrained into the interior of the plume where it is mixed with and ignites the fuel in the plume interior, to thereby control combustion, particularly by use of a multiplicity of individually controllable devices per cylinder.