Abstract: The invention relates to systems enabling use of liquefied petroleum gas in diesel common-rail engines, and in particular to fueling diesel engines with diesel gas dual-fuel or only gas instead of diesel fuel.

Abstract: A fuel vaporizer including fuel injectors is described herein. The vaporizer includes a housing having a plurality of baffles defining a plurality of chambers, with each of the plurality of baffles defining an aperture between adjacent chamber, and the apertures define a flow path from the air inlet, through the plurality of chambers, and to the vapor outlet. A conduit extends through the baffles and chambers, and the conduit is adapted to accept a flow exhaust gas and transfer thermal energy from the exhaust gas to an airflow along the flow path A fuel injector is positioned in the housing to inject fuel into the flow path in the first chamber, the thermal energy from the conduit vaporizing the fuel injected into the airflow and producing the flow of vaporized fuel. The fuel vaporizer may include a heat exchanger pre-heating the airflow and electric heating elements supplementing the conduit heating.

Abstract: A fuel vaporizer including a mist vaporizer and a boiler, the boiler being integrated with the mist vaporizer, the mist vaporizer and the boiler including a housing, baffles joined to the housing, conduit extending through the baffles, fuel in a mist form adjacent the conduit and a pool of fuel contained between the housing and baffles.

Abstract: An air-pressure booster includes a tube, an indirect flow pass and a direct flow pass respectively formed inside the tube. A tapered neck is formed on one end of the tube and connects to an air output nozzle which is connected to an engine. When the engine is working, air passes through the indirect flow pass and the direct flow pass. The air rates respectively generated from the indirect flow pass and the direct flow pass are different and form a whirlpool inside the tapered neck, outputting an enhanced air force and pressure. Therefore, the air-pressure booster could increase efficiency of fuel use and could reduce oil consumption.

Abstract: An electromechanical actuator to operate a component in an internal combustion engine comprising an actuator body housing, on the inside, an actuator device, which controls the movement of the component so as to move it between a maximum opening position and a maximum closing position, and vice versa. The actuator device includes an electric motor and a gear drive that transmits the motion from the electric motor to the component. The electromechanical actuator is made of a first metal material and comprises a conditioning circuit comprising a pipe for the passage of a conditioning fluid, which is made of a second thermally conductive material. A method of manufacturing the electromagnetic actuator is also disclosed.

Abstract: Systems and methods for defrosting sensing components in fluid sensing system. In one embodiment, the invention provides a defrosting system that includes a sensing system. The sensing system includes a sensor operable to sense a characteristic of the fluid in a tank. The defrosting system includes a fluid pickup line spaced apart from the sensor, and a fluid return line. The fluid return line includes an output. The output is positioned to direct fluid onto the sensing system. In one embodiment, the defrosting system further comprises a pipe configured to provide the fluid to a system external to the tank. The fluid is heated by heat generated by the external system and directed onto the sensing system at least partially defrosts fluid contained within the sensing system.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fuel heating equipment of a diesel engine for preheating and heating fuel to supply the fuel to the engine. The fuel heating equipment of the diesel engine includes a main heating part having a collective tank, which is formed between runners connected to a first side of the engine and an exhaust pipe, and is heated by exhaust heat introduced from the runner, and a fuel supply pipe, which extends from a fuel tank and is wound around the collective tank to heat fuel, which passes through the fuel supply pipe due to heat conducted from the collective tank, so as to supply the fuel to the engine. The fuel heating equipment of the diesel engine further includes a preheating part provided such that the fuel supply pipe is inserted along the exhaust pipe to prevent the fuel, which is cooled by cold outside air in the winter season, from being directly introduced to the collective tank.

Abstract: A handheld work apparatus has a drive motor which drives a work tool and a generator. The work apparatus has a first electrical load and a connectable second electrical load. The generator provides the electrical power for the simultaneous operation of the two loads. The work apparatus has a control unit for controlling the power supplied to the first electrical load. In order to supply approximately the same power independent of voltage fluctuations, a voltage monitoring circuit is provided which, in a first operating state, sets a first signal sequence for operating the first load and, in a second operating state, sets a different second signal sequence for operating the first load. The mean power of the first signal sequence and that of the other second signal sequence are approximately equal.

Abstract: A fuel heating device comprises a heater housing (7) including a bottom wall (17), an upper inlet opening (13) provided in an upper part of the heater housing and an outlet opening (18) provided in a lower part of the heater housing diametrically opposite to the inlet opening, and a heater member (9) including a heat emitting portion (9h) received in a middle part of a heating chamber (6) defined by the heater housing. As the inlet opening is provided in an upper part of the fuel housing, bubbles that may be created by the vaporization of the fuel heated by the heater member is allowed to rise upward and then escape out of the inlet opening. The bubbles that have returned to the fuel supply passage (4) are cooled by fresh fuel, and condense to liquid state once again. Therefore, the heater housing and fuel supply passage are kept free from the presence of fuel vapor, and the fuel therein can be pressurized by a fuel pump to a proper level at all times.

Abstract: A fuel injector system for raising fuel to its supercritical state and injecting the supercritical-state fuel to the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine is disclosed. A plurality of injector embodiments provides alternative ways to heat the pressurized fuel to its supercritical state. Injection of supercritical fuel into the combustion chamber is known to improve fuel entrainment and reducing ignition delay to thereby increase combustion rate, which leads to an increase in fuel efficiency. According to some embodiments, the system provides for preventing coking that may otherwise occur in an exhaust gas heat exchanger used for preheating the high pressure fuel. In other embodiments, engine cold start assistance is provided by storing pressurized, heated fuel in an insulated container.

Abstract: A fuel vapor storage and recovery apparatus includes a fuel vapor storage canister, said fuel vapor storage canister comprising at least first and second vapor storage compartments filled with an absorbent material, for instance filled with activated carbon, at least a vapor inlet port, an atmospheric vent port and a purge port. Said fuel vapor storage canister defines an air flow path between said vapor inlet port and said atmospheric vent port during shut-off of the internal combustion engine of the vehicle. During purging cycles there is defined an air flow path between said atmospheric vent port and said purge port wherein said first and second vapor storage compartments are arranged in concentric relationship and wherein said first and second vapor storage compartments in flow direction are separated from each other by an air gap diffusion barrier.

Abstract: A handheld work apparatus has a drive motor which drives a work tool and a generator. The work apparatus has a first electrical load and a connectable second electrical load. The generator provides the electrical power for the simultaneous operation of the two loads. The work apparatus has a control unit for controlling the power supplied to the first electrical load. In order to supply approximately the same power independent of voltage fluctuations, a voltage monitoring circuit is provided which, in a first operating state, sets a first signal sequence for operating the first load and, in a second operating state, sets a different second signal sequence for operating the first load. The mean power of the first signal sequence and that of the other second signal sequence are approximately equal.

Abstract: A fuel supply assembly is provided that may allow for use of vaporized fuel to power an engine and enhance fuel efficiency. The fuel supply assembly may include a vaporizing tank, a heating source, a temperature control and a monitoring and control system configured to control intermixing of ambient air and vaporized gasoline to maintain a desired hydrocarbon level in an exhaust.

Abstract: A fuel supply assembly providing vaporized fuel to an engine wherein a quantity of liquid gasoline fuel is controllably heated for a desired vapor emission from the liquid fuel, and a conduit arrangement conducts the vapor, intermixes it with ambient air and conveys the intermixture to the engine's combustion chamber. A sensor in the engine exhaust monitors the hydrocarbon content of the exhaust and control valving controls the vapor to air intermixture in response to the monitor for maintaining a desired intermixture that produces the desired hydrocarbon content.

Abstract: A fuel supply assembly is provided that may allow for use of vaporized fuel to power an engine and enhance fuel efficiency. The fuel supply assembly may include a vaporizing tank, a heating source, a temperature control and a monitoring and control system configured to control intermixing of ambient air and vaporized gasoline to maintain a desired hydrocarbon level in an exhaust.

Abstract: A fuel supply assembly is provided that may allow for use of vaporized fuel to power an engine and enhance fuel efficiency. The fuel supply assembly may include a vaporizing tank, a heating source, a temperature control and a monitoring and control system configured to control intermixing of ambient air and vaporized gasoline to maintain a desired hydrocarbon level in an exhaust.

Abstract: A fuel system for an internal combustion engine (12) operated with fuel gas includes an evaporator (1) in which the liquid fuel gas is transformed by the addition of heat into a gaseous state. The evaporator (1) has a first heating device (13) configured to transmit a portion of the waste heat of the internal combustion engine (12) to the fuel gas in the evaporator (1). The evaporator (1) has a second heating device, by means of which the fuel gas in the evaporator (1) can be heated regardless of the condition of the internal combustion engine (12). The second heating device (14) can include an electrical heating element, e.g., a PTC heating element.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to a multicylinder internal combustion engine with externally supplied ignition, which has a fuel vaporizing device which is connected to individual intake tubes of the engine via a line system. The line system is embodied as branching in such a way that only respective combustion chambers which are not operated in direct ignition sequence (1-3-4-2) are connected in pairs to each other and jointly via a central line to the fuel vaporizing device. The multicylinder internal combustion engine with externally supplied ignition, is provided for motor vehicles.

Abstract: A crank mechanism for an internal combustion engine comprises a cylinder (1), a piston (2) reciprocable within the cylinder, and a rotatable shaft (4). The piston (2) is a drivable connection with the shaft (4) via a connecting rod (3), a drive ring (5) and a torque lobe (6). The connecting rod (3) is pivotally fixed to the piston (2), and the drive ring (5) is rigidly attached to the free end of the connecting rod (3). The torque lobe (5) is a circulate plate eccentrically mounted on the shaft (4) for rotation therewith about the axis thereof. The drive ring (5) is an annular sleeve which is a rotatable sliding fit around the rim of the torque lobe (6). The axis of the piston (2) is offset with respect to the center of the output shaft (4), whereby rectilinear movement of the piston (2) is converted to rotary movement of the torque lobe (6) or vice versa.

Abstract: A fuel vaporization device for an internal combustion engine comprising a vaporization chamber, a liquid fuel inlet to the chamber including a fuel distributor having the capacity to inject tiny fuel droplets into the chamber, an ambient air inlet to the chamber to allow ambient air to mix with the fuel droplets, an annular ambient air distribution ring having circumferentially spaced air distribution inlet holes, positioned upstream of the vaporization chamber, and having an axial outlet surrounding the fuel distributor, at least one turbulence generator in the chamber for creating ambient air turbulence for mixing fuel droplets and ambient air, at least one heater in the chamber to convert the fuel droplet-ambient air mixture to a homogeneous gaseous air-fuel mix as the mixture passes through the chamber, a heater controller operably associated with the heater and preset to regulate thermal output from the heater responsive to temperature of the gaseous air-fuel mix to prevent the temperature from exceeding

Abstract: A power fluid heating system according to this invention includes a heating apparatus positioned within a power fluid container having a first power fluid pickup conduit, a second power fluid pickup conduit positioned within the first power fluid pickup conduit, and a heat exchanger for directly heating both the power fluid in the container and the power fluid in the first and second pickup conduits. The power fluid heating system also includes a water separating device. The water separating device includes a power fluid reservoir and a heat exchanger inside the reservoir. The power fluid heating system also includes a heat exchanger having heat exchange fluid medium passages for the flow of a heatable fluid through the passages so that the heated power fluid exiting the water separating device provides heat transfer to the heatable fluid.

Abstract: A device for enhancing the combustion of fuel in an internal combustion engine including an evaporation chamber adapted to contain a volume of liquid fuel. The evaporation chamber is adapted for communication with an airstream in the internal combustion engine travelling toward a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine so that fuel vapor formed in the evaporation chamber may pass into the combustion chamber by operation of the internal combustion engine. A fuel agitator mounted for motion in the evaporation chamber agitates the liquid fuel to promote vaporization of the fuel and is driven by an actuator mounted for motion in the airstream.

Abstract: A vaporized fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine includes a housing adapted to be mounted on the engine and having a vaporizer heat shell therein connected to the engine for receiving hot exhaust gases. Air is compressed by means of compressor blades mounted at the tips of the conventional fan blades for the engine. The compressor blades travel in a shroud whereby the air is compressed and supplied to the housing where it passes over the vaporizer heat shell. A fuel vaporization chamber is formed directly on the heat shell and liquid fuel is injected directly onto the heated shell for vaporizing the fuel. When the engine is cold, the liquid fuel may be injected directly onto glow plugs disposed in communication with the chamber.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is constructed with metallic parts in its rons which are subjected to high stress (temperature, pressure) during combustion and polymeric materials in its regions which are subjected to relatively lower stresses. The integrated construction helps realize increased power densities and reductions in engine noise without compromising engine performance. V-configuration Diesel engines particularly benefit from this construction.

Abstract: A fuel preheater for use with internal combustion engines is disclosed. The preheater works on the principle that by preheating the fuel, the fuel is more effectively vaporized, resulting in more efficient combustion. This preheating is accomplished using heat normally wasted via the radiator. The preheater has a housing, through which heated engine coolant on its way from the engine block to the radiator is routed. A coiled steel gas line is routed through the housing, and is connected between the regular fuel line and the engine.

Abstract: In multi-valve engines, a partition wall dividing the intake channel into inlet-valve channels as an evaporation element in the intake channel of a cylinder head of an internal-combustion engine for improving the fuel-mixture formation and consequently for reducing the emission of hydrocarbons. The partition wall is electrically heated by a heating bar and is subjected to fuel substantially tangentially from a fuel injection located at the intake channel. As a result of this configuration, the flow behavior of the mixture is optimized in terms of the installation of evaporation elements in the intake channel, and an improved transmission of heat to the mixture and a homogeneous mixture formation are achieved. In addition, sealing problems between the intake channel and the surroundings are solved in a simple way.

Abstract: A fuel gasifier for an internal combustion engine having a gasification chamber, a device for injecting fuel into the chamber in droplets of about 30-50 microns or less in diameter, an ambient air inlet to the chamber with a flow control therefor, to admit a controlled amount of ambient air to mix with the fuel, a heater in the chamber to elevate the fuel temperature and convert the fuel to a gaseous state, a fuel and air mixing and transfer impeller in the chamber for increasing turbulence and propelling the mixture from the chamber, an annular venturi flow passage for flow of additional ambient air past the outside of the chamber, and a plurality of radial passages between the chamber and the venturi passage for flow of the turbulent mixture into the venturi passage and entrainment of the fuel and air mixture into the additional ambient air.

Abstract: A spark ignition combustion engine has a cylinder, an air inlet duct, a fuel injector, and a cylinder head having an inlet valve and a passage arranged to form and furnish an air-fuel mixture to the cylinder through the passage and has a heating element including a heat sink in the form of a hollow flat metal box having an integral connecting piece arranged with the connecting piece sealed in an opening in a wall of the duct or passage by a circumferential O-ring so that the flat metal box of the heat sink protrudes into the duct or passage to heat the air-fuel mixture. Two tablets of PTC resistance material are disposed within the flat metal box and are pressed resiliently against respective flat opposite inner sides of the box by a conductive spring disposed between the tablets, and an electrical wire leads from the spring through the connecting piece to connect the tablets to an electrical power source.

Abstract: A heating device for pre-heating liquid fuel, especially diesel fuel and for heating devices of a low heating performance which are independent from a motor have a heating performance which is suitable for mounting into vehicles, which are driven by the liquid fuel. The pre-heating is effected by a transmission of heat of the exhaust gas to the fuel of the heating device, the fuel being lead through a continuous tubular wrapping in one layer or through a hollow cylinder formed or positioned around the exhaust pipe. This wrapping or hollow cylinder is part of the fuel main from the fuel tank to the fuel supply pump of the heating device. A pre-heating of the content of the tank is effected by the return of the pre-heated, but not burnt fuel through a fuel return main back into the tank. A heat transmitting jacket is advantageously disposed between the wrapping, or a hollow cylinder and the exhaust gas pipe.

Abstract: The purpose of this patent is to permit the use of diesel fuel for spark-ignition engines, whatever the type, e.g. two- or four-stroke piston engines (Rochas-Otto cycle); rotary (all types, including Wankel) by spraying diesel fuel onto a hot exhaust manifold to vaporize the fuel within an intake manifold.

Abstract: A system (110) for preheating fuel both in a fuel tank (16) and in a fuel supply line for an internal combustion engine. The system (110) includes a pair of heat exchangers (12 and 112) for transferrinhg heat from a heated fluid to the fuel. The tank heat exchanger (12) includes a fuel tube (32) with a right angle outlet (54), the fuel tube (32) being surrounded by the heated fluid for heating of the fuel prior to its entering the fuel line of the vehicle or other device in which the system is installed. In the preferred embodiment, the tank heat exchanger (12) is installed through an access opening (14) normally provided in fuel tanks used in diesel engine-powered over-the-road trucks. A flange (18) is provided for securing the tank heat exchanger (12) to the flange (20) which surrounds the opening (14) in the fuel tank (16).

Abstract: A fuel and air mixture expanding and preheating system for use in a vehicle having an internal combustion engine, an intake manifold, a carburetor, an automatic transmission and a transmission fluid cooler includes a heat exchanger body having a first mounting plate dimensioned for attachment to the carburetor and a second mounting plate dimensioned for attachment to the intake manifold. A heating fluid inlet of the heat exchanger body is dimensioned for connection to a heated automatic transmission fluid line of the vehicle, between the automatic transmission and the transmission fluid cooler. A heating fluid outlet of the heat exchanger body is dimensioned for connection to a transmission fluid cooler inlet of the vehicle. A throttle valve is mounted in an outlet portion of the heat exchanger body, adjacent the intake manifold mounting plate.

Abstract: A fuel line cooler (34) is provided for a marine propulsion system (2) having a water cooled internal combustion engine (4) in a heat retentive compartment (5). The fuel line cooler (34) has an inlet (36) in communication with the source (14, 12) of cooling water for the engine (4), and has an outlet (38) for discharging water. The fuel line cooler (34) is cooled by sea water during running of the engine (4). Upon turn off of the engine (4), the cooled water in the fuel line cooler (34) is in heat transfer relation with the fuel and prevents vaporization and or spewing of the fuel.

Abstract: A heater for diesel fuel contained in a fuel tank for supplying the diesel engine of a vehicle is disclosed. The heater includes a heating tube arranged to heat the fuel in the drawtube as it leaves the fuel tank.

Abstract: A fuel supply system of a type for use with an internal combustion engine employs a valve assembly and a circuit for controlling the valve assembly to supply fuel to the engine at a greater or lesser rate respectively in response either to initial closure of an ignition switch when the engine is cold, according to one mode of operation, and in response to acceleration of the engine, according to another mode of operation. The fuel supply system serves to include means for preheating or vaporizing the fuel supplied to the engine.

Abstract: A heater for a fuel supply system including a carburetor and a manifold for an internal combustion engine, the heater including an electrically inert core and at least one PTC disposed within a cavity in the core, the PTC heater being disposed upon an electrically conductive stratum such as copper sheet and a graphite stratum disposed next adjacent the conductive stratum, the graphite stratum acting as a compressible heat transmitting gasket between the fuel heater and the carburetor whereby to heat the fuel and prevent icing.

Abstract: A fuel evaporator comprises a ring-shaped heater element made of PTC ceramic, a pipe made of heat conductive metal and disposed within an air-fuel passage of an internal combustion engine therealong and a pair of terminal members for supplying power to the heater element. The heater element is disposed closely in contact with the outer periphery of the upper end of the pipe. One end of each of the pair of terminal members is closely in contact with each of the upper and under surfaces of the heater element. The fuel evaporator further comprises a plate-shaped compact made of electricity insulating rubber or synthetic resin and formed around the upper end of the pipe. Within the compact, the heater element, the upper end of the pipe and the terminal members are embedded.

Abstract: The invention comprises a carburetion apparatus for use with an internal combustion engine having a generally conventional carburetor, an intake manifold and an exhaust manifold. The carburetion apparatus has a central chamber that receives the fuel-air mixture from the carburetor and delivers the fuel-air mixture to the intake manifold. The central chamber is provided with baffles to divert the fluid flow and cause intimate mixing of fuel and air. The baffles are such that the manifold vacuum is raised (or, the pressure is lowered), so the vacuum assists in evaporating liquid fuel. The baffles may be heated by passing exhaust gases through them, the exit of the exhaust gas being slowed by a constricted outlet.

Abstract: A fuel metering apparatus is shown as having a throttle body with an induction passage therethrough and a throttle valve for controlling flow through the induction passage, a fuel-air-emulsion discharge member is situated generally in the induction passage downstream of the throttle valve, an air passage communicates between a source of air and the fuel-air-emulsion discharge member, the air passage has a flow restrictor therein which provides for sonic flow therethrough, a fuel metering valving assembly is effective for metering liquid fuel at a superatmospheric pressure and delivering such metered liquid fuel into the air passage upstream of the flow restrictor thereby causing the thusly metered liquid fuel and air to pass through the sonic flow restrictor before being discharged into the induction passage by the fuel-air-emulsion discharge member, the fuel-air-emulsion discharge member has a plurality of discharge ports spaced from each other and directed into the induction passage, a heater is provided in

Abstract: An air heating device for the inlet air flow to an air-breathing internal combustion engine comprises a helically coiled electrical resistance in the air entry conduit and a rigid retaining member passing through the coils of resistance along its length. The member is securely fixed at both ends to opposite sides of the conduit structure and is spaced from the coils of the resistance so that these are fully exposed to the air flow. In the event of the coiled resistance breaking loose from its normal mountings the retaining member will hold it to ensure damage is not caused by the resistance reaching a combustion chamber entry. The device can be arranged as a gasket-like unit with the body a ring-like frame that is clamped between opposed flanges of adjoining parts of the engine air entry.

Abstract: An electrically heated screen arrangement operated from a vehicle battery and automatically controlled to heat the fuel mixture. The fuel mixture provided by the carburetor of the vehicle is drawn through the present system which comprises an outlet conduit from the carburetor delivering fuel mixture through a housing which is closed by a special screen that is electrically heated to the proper temperature and then through a passageway and a cooling device comprising a screen in relationship together with a ceramic filter in a housing. The temperature of the screen is sensed and monitored. Several screens and coolers may be mounted in series.

Abstract: A fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine has an electrical resistance heater accommodated in a chamber in gasket means which space a throttle body flange from a mating flange on an intake manifold of the engine for transferring heat to the throttle body flange to avoid freeze up in the throttle body during furnishing of an air-fuel mixture to the engine.

Abstract: A fuel supply system for internal combustion engines which utilizes an electronically controlled injection device for liquid fuel which is delivered to a heating chamber in the throttle body of a carburetor and vaporized so that gaseous fuel is delivered to the engine. Vaporization of the fuel is achieved by electric resistance elements and metered exhaust gases directed to the throttle body.

Abstract: A heat exchanger consists of an exhaust flow conduit mounted on and connected to the exhaust manifold. A partially enclosing housing or jacket defines a vaporizing chamber. A conduit communicates the vaporizing chamber with the inlet air throat for the intake manifold. A blending device mounted on the heat exchanger housing includes a mixing chamber for receiving an inert gas such as exhaust gas and one or more liquid fuel components. The mixing chamber may include a venturi whereby the flow of exhaust gas under pressure will draw liquid fuel and effect the mixing, vaporization and flow of that fuel mixture to the intake throat. The flow of the inert gas may be controlled in relation to the flow of inlet air. In another version the fuels are supplied to the blending device under pressure and under volume control related to the flow of inlet air, with the flow of pressurized exhaust gas effecting the flow of the vaporized fuel mixture through the heat exchanger to the inlet throat.

Abstract: Disclosed is a device for fuel delivery to an internal combustion engine, mprising a vaporizing element whose one section is heated by exhaust gases and the other section is disposed in an intake duct and has an operating surface, a fuel charge being injected onto said surface by an injection nozzle. In this device the operating surface of the vaporizing element extends from its section heated by the exhaust gases to a diametrically opposite portion of the intake duct, and the orifice of the injection nozzle is directd tangentially as close to the operating surface of the vaporizing element as possible.

Abstract: A fuel system of an internal combustion engine includes a heat exchanger through one side of which hot engine coolant is passed as a heating medium, and through the other side of which a mixture of fuel and air is passed. The heat exchanger has substantial heat exchanging surface area and the path of the fuel air mix through the heat exchanger is relatively long. A bypass is provided by which fuel and air may bypass the heat exchanger during cold engine operating conditions.

Abstract: An intake expansion chamber apparatus (10) for internal combustion engines is disclosed which preheats and expands the vaporized fuel/air mixture as the mixture flows between the carburetor and the combustion chamber. The apparatus includes an expansion chamber section (18) through which the fuel/air mixture flows between an inlet (20) connected in fluid communication with the intake manifold and an outlet (26) joined in fluid communication with the intake manifold at a location downstream from the outlet. The fuel/air mixture is heated during its passage through the expansion chamber by a heat transfer surface (30) to improve the vaporization and to more completely combust the hydrocarbons upon ignition. A safety valve (46) is provided to release pressure built up within the expansion chamber as during an engine backfire.

Abstract: An air and fuel mixture heater for disposition between the usual opposing and coaction mounting flange portions of a combustion engine intake manifold and associated carburetor base mounting flange, and which heater basic structure and operation may also be incorporated in the inlet portion of the associated intake manifold, if desired, when carburetor air cleaner-to-hood clearance is minimal. The heater defines a thin hollow housing including a pair of closely spaced, parallel and registered opposite top and bottom side walls having at least generally registered air and fuel mixture openings formed therethrough. The housing also includes peripheral wall portions extending between corresponding peripheral edge portions of the housing side walls and baffle plate is mounted within the housing spaced intermediate and generally paralleling the housing side walls.

Abstract: A vaporizer chamber includes a coil therein, the coil having extensions extending into the exhaust pipe of the engine, the exhaust gases passing through the coil and heating the interior of the chamber. Fuel is delivered to the vaporizer chamber, and vaporized there when the exhaust gases are heated. A thermostat unit is mounted on the exhaust pipe, and when heated, shifts a valve to direct the fuel to the vaporizer chamber, instead of to the carburetor. This shifting is gradual. A throttle controls the flow of vaporized fuel to the outlet of the carburetor. The usual accelerator pedal is operative for controlling the throttle for the vaporized fuel in unison with the usual throttle provided in the carburetor.

Abstract: A pressure feed, fuel injection carburetor including a carburetor base, a gassifier for gassifying a portion of the fuel-fed to the carburetor, a vacuum-operated shut-off valve connected to the gassifier permitting fuel flow only when vacuum is present downstream of acceleration dampers below the ventures of the carburetor, injection metering valves which are mechanically linked to the acceleration dampers for metering fuel to a pair of spray units mounted in the ventures, and an idle-speed fuel air mixture device for supplying air and fuel for idling operation of the engine attached to the carburetor. A richness sensor and adjustment apparatus can be provided between the shut-off valve and the pair of injection metering valves.