Abstract: A fluid control system for an engine may include an air pathway to carry air to the engine, a fuel pathway to carry a fuel to the engine, and at least one temperature control device to control temperatures of the air and the fuel. The temperature control device maintains the air and the fuel at a temperature based on a target air-fuel ratio and a target volume of the air and the fuel.

Abstract: A method of operating an internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders, the method comprising: operating the engine with at least one of the cylinders of the engine as a dedicated exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) cylinder; mixing exhaust gas expelled from the dedicate EGR cylinder with air in an intake system to provide a mixture of exhaust gas and air; providing a first hydrocarbon fuel and a second hydrocarbon fuel; introducing a charge comprising the first hydrocarbon fuel, the second hydrocarbon fuel and the mixture of exhaust gas and air to the dedicated EGR cylinder; igniting the charge in the dedicated EGR cylinder; expelling exhaust gas from the dedicated EGR cylinder; and recirculating the exhaust gas to the intake system of the engine.

Abstract: Flex tubing for a vehicle assembly according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure includes, among other things, a tube body made of a metallic material, the tube body including a first rigid segment, a second rigid segment and a flexible segment extending between the first rigid segment and the second rigid segment.

Abstract: Provided is a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger includes a case including a plurality of chambers, each of the plurality of chambers having a chamber entry opening to the outside; and a plurality of heat exchange tubes accommodated in the each of the plurality of chambers, where each heat exchange tube includes an inlet portion; an outlet portion; and an intermediate portion connected between the inlet portion and the outlet portion, wherein each heat exchange tube of one of the plurality of chambers is arranged as a mirror image from corresponding heat exchange tube of an adjacent chamber of the one of the plurality of chambers with respect to a wall disposed between the one and the adjacent chambers.

Abstract: Apparatus constituting part of an induction and fuel delivery system for a cylinder of a piston internal combustion engine comprising a small cyclone into which is tangentially discharged a flow of heated air to generate a sustained vortex of high rotational speed; a modulatable fuel injector delivering a flow of atomized fuel into said small cyclone wherein it underdoes flash evaporation and energetic mixing; a delivery duct connecting said small cyclone to the inlet tract of said cylinder wherein said vortex fuel-air mixture is mixed with heated induction air; and means to prevent overheating of said modulatable fuel injector.

Abstract: A fuel system includes a fuel deoxygenator for removing oxygen from a liquid fuel. A vaporizer is in fluid communication with the fuel deoxygenator. The vaporizer vaporizes at least a portion of the liquid fuel to produce vaporized fuel. At least a portion of the vaporized fuel pre-mixes with oxidizer to reduce formation of undesirable emissions.

Abstract: Apparatus constituting part of an induction and fuel delivery system for a cylinder of a piston internal combustion engine comprising a small cyclone into which is tangentially discharged a flow of heated air to generate a sustained vortex of high rotational speed; a modulatable fuel injector delivering a flow of atomised fuel into said small cyclone wherein it underdoes flash evaporation and energetic mixing; a delivery duct connecting said small cyclone to the inlet tract of said cylinder wherein said vortex fuel-air mixture is mixed with heated induction air; and means to prevent overheating of said modulatable fuel injector.

Abstract: A fuel system includes a fuel deoxygenator for removing oxygen from a liquid fuel. A vaporizer is in fluid communication with the fuel deoxygenator. The vaporizer vaporizes at least a portion of the liquid fuel to produce vaporized fuel. At least a portion of the vaporized fuel pre-mixes with oxidizer to reduce formation of undesirable emissions.

Abstract: A fuel supply system 10 for an internal combustion engine includes a housing 12 defining a chamber 14 and provided with an inlet opening 16 upstream of the chamber 14 and an outlet opening 18 downstream of the chamber 14. The fuel injector 20 sprays a fuel mist into the chamber 14. A heater 22 heats air flowing into the chamber 14 via inlet 16 to a temperature of between 110° C.-260° C. Pressure within the chamber 14 is also negative relative to ambient pressure. The fuel sprayed into the chamber 14 via the fuel injector 20 is thermally cracked so that a mixture of thermally cracked fuel and heated air flows out from the outlet 18 for combustion in combustion chambers of the engine.

Abstract: A fuel delivery system containing a plurality of components that cooperate to provide improved fuel economy and reduced environmental pollution. These components include elastomeric check valve body members having a shaft and a cylindrical head, and an electrical heating system to recondition the fuel. A water separator designed to eliminate the flow restriction to the device that could negate the operation of the system through the usage of synthetic or wire screen in the element. A groove so positioned in the face of the transfer pump gear cavity so as to relieve the pressure on the powering shaft seal. A divider wall protruding from the filter head base into the upper area of the filter to divide the top portion of the filter that is normally a common area of incoming fuel into two separate chambers, an inlet chamber for the incoming liquid and an outlet chamber for the exiting air bubbles.

Abstract: An in-line opposed cylinder engine constructed of a pair of half blocks which when combined form a pair of spaced cylinder heads and an intermediate crankcase and in which the cylinder heads and the intermediate crankcase are tied together by a plurality of spaced elongated through bolts which extend through the cylinder heads and through the half blocks. Each cylinder head is integral with the remainder of the half block and is preferably of a composite construction with a core of steel or the like which forms the cylinder bore, the firing deck, the exhaust ports and the valve guide as well as the main bearing supports. A matrix structure of lighter material such as aluminum is cast around the core and forms the induction air passages to the intake ports, the coolant passages, oil passages, and the main bearing bosses.

Abstract: For a piston engine having a hypocycloidal piston stroke transmission with a Watt's guide, particularly having pistons in opposed cylinders, in which case the transmission is rotatably arranged on the crank pin of a crankshaft and comprises a stroke and a guide eccentric which are non-rotatably connected with one another, it is suggested for achieving the lowest transverse deviations of the stroke eccentric from the piston path that a path course 20 which is rendered uniform with respect to the transverse deviations .increment.q.sub.H of the stroke eccentric is achieved by means of a path course 21 of the guide eccentric achieved by way of parameters of the Watt's guide with maximal transverse deviations .increment..sub.f up to and including the respective reversal point of the guide eccentric or of the Watt's connecting rod guiding it.

Abstract: A reciprocating drive system in a reciprocating piston engine with adjacent cylinders in the crankshaft direction in an engine case is particularly directed to an internal-combustion engine which comprises a reciprocating drive system for the reciprocating pistons with a hypocycloidal straight-line mechanism. The straight-line mechanism has a guide element cooperating with guide surfaces arranged on the engine case. For simplifying the system as much as possible, the guide element of the straight-line mechanism is arranged between the piston rods for reciprocating pistons of cylinders adjacent in a bank and is optionally adjustable.

Abstract: The invention relates to a internal-combustion engine, particularly to a reciprocating piston type internal combustion engine having a crank circular slide block which replaces the connecting rod. It comprises the cylinder body; the cylinder, the piston, the crankshaft and the crank circular slide block mechanism with a circular slide block (27) which connects the piston with the crankshaft; a valve actuating mechanism; and a fuel supply system. In the cylinder body there are provided a dynamic balance sliding piece which moves reciprocatingly along a sliding track and a circular slide block (28) which connects the dynamic balance sliding piece with the crankshaft and has 180 degree of phase difference related to the circular slide block and is formed integrally with the circular slide block. The sliding track and the dynamic balance sliding piece can be formed as the structure of cylinder and piston.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine comprising an engine block housing at least two reciprocating pistons being each provided in a cylinder comprising at least an inlet valve and an exhaust valve, which pistons are coupled with a crankshaft being coupled with a drive shaft and/or operating shaft, the at least two pistons are arranged in cylinders being placed at an angle of 90.degree. C. to each other. Furthermore the crankshaft is coupled eccentrically with extensions of the pistons, which extensions are integral with the pistons and are protruding from the pistons opposite of the piston surface, and the drive shaft and/or operating shaft are coupled with the crankshaft with the same eccentricity.

Abstract: An air and fuel system for carburetor and fuel injection engines that regulates the temperature of air and fuel that is mixed in the carburetor or fuel injector prior to introduction to the cylinders of the engine. A heater and associated filter located at the air intake side of the carburetor are activated by circulating heated fluid (coolant) contained within the engine cooling system. The coolant passes through the heater and an isolated chamber or conductor and the fuel line passes inside the coolant line within the heater surroundings so that air and fuel can be temperature regulated. Valves in the fuel line allow for proper mixture of air and fuel. A filter is sized to fit inside or outside the heater, and the heater and filter are encompassed by a cover to hold the components together.

Abstract: A two stroke cycle reciprocating piston internal combustion engine having horizontally opposed cylinders and pistons, scotch yokes and self adjusting sliding blocks for the interface between the scotch yokes and crankpins, and secondary cylindrical pistons to maintain the scotch yokes in perpendicular vertical alignment with the crankpins. The secondary cylindrical pistons also operate as valves to open exhaust ports. A supercharger forces air through intake ports and into the main cylinders, then into secondary cylinders, and scavenges the exhaust gases through the exhaust ports. There is no carburetor and no adjustable distributor but rather ignition signals within its operating range, at a certain angle before top dead center. In addition, a capacitive discharge ignition system using multiple transformer ignition coils for each cylinder and rail spark plugs with multiple sets of rails to ignite very lean air/fuel mixtures.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine, having a compact eccentric crankshaft which permits a straight passage to be formed along the center of rotation of the crankshaft. When applied to a two cylinder engine the crankshaft design permits longitudinal alignment of opposing cylinders. The eccentric crankshaft is closely fitted within a compact crankcase to minimize crankcase volume.

Abstract: An opposed-cylinder internal-combustion engine, includes a cylinder block and crankcase which is longitudinally divided in the center of the crankshaft bearing. A bearing support is connected with the crankcase by way of cylinder head bolts. The cylinder block and crankcase has a joint vertical junction plane with the bearing support. Both bearing support halves are, on the one hand, connected with one another by way of bearing block screws and, on the other hand, the bearing support is held by way lo of cylinder head bolts between the crankcase halves arranged at both sides of the bearing support while forming oil ducts. At the same time, cylinder heads can be fastened on the crankcase by way of the screws.

Abstract: An engine for generating rotational torque through the oscillating movement of lever arms. The inventive device includes an elongated cylinder having first and second opposed cylinder heads. A pair of pistons are oppositely disposed within the cylinder and coupled together by a connecting rod. At least one lever arm is pivotally mounted at a first end thereof to the connecting rod between the pistons. The lever arm is also pivotally mounted at a medial portion thereof exterior of the cylinder to a mounting plate. A flywheel is rotatable mounted to the mounting plate and engages a second end of the lever arm, whereby oscillation of the lever arm in response to piston movement is translated into rotational movement of the flywheel.

Abstract: A gear driven four cycle, opposed, internal combustion engine with pairs of twin pistons connected by a semi-rigid shaft converts reciprocating motion to rotary torque by segmented upper and lower rack and pinion gears which alternate left and right, above and below, with a rocking rack motion at the precise centerline of the piston travel. Central oscillating arms with pairs of translating, rotating cranks, on each side of the twin pistons, smoothly reverse the piston directions without stressing the rack and pinion gear drives. Lateral loads and friction from the piston to the cylinder walls are eliminated. The equivalent torque developed is more than quadruple that of a conventional crankshaft design. The parallel twin cylinders are connected by a common rotary valve at each end of the opposed cylinders. Each cylinder houses a spherical rotary valve with an internal flow baffle which is connected to companion rotary valves by concentric shafts.

Abstract: An apparatus for directly converting rotary motion to alternating linear motion comprising a cylindrical shaft and a first eccentric mounted on said shaft, a multiple eccentric comprised of a second eccentric, a third eccentric, and a first cylindrical bore extending through said second eccentric and said third eccentric, a first slide, and a second slide. Each of the eccentrics has the same eccentricity. The rotation of the shaft causes the first slide and the second slide to engage in reciprocting linear movement in different directions from each other.

Abstract: A fuel supply system and method incorporates a fuel pump for pressurizing liquid fuel for use in an internal combustion engine. The pressurized fuel is supplied to a fuel injector mounted on a vaporization chamber; actuation signals applied to the fuel injector atomize a metered quantity of liquid fuel into the chamber. The atomized fuel travels a tortuous path in the chamber striking chamber walls heated by hot exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine. Vaporized fuels delivered from the vaporization chamber to a mixing chamber to be mixed with air to form a combustible fuel/air mixture. Air supplied to the mixing chamber is heated by exhaust heat prior to delivery to the mixing chamber. The combustible fuel/air mixture is then supplied to the intake manifold of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: The invention is a versatile device for transferring power between rotary and reciprocating linear motion comprising a rack assembly with opposed, spaced apart longitudinal portions joined by curved end portions arrayed to form a substantially continuous engaging surface; a stator block for guiding the rack assembly in reciprocating linear movement; a pinion wheel; a guide cam for holding the pinion wheel continuously in engagement with the engaging surface of the rack; and a floating power transfer shaft connected with the pinion wheel and mounted to swing in an arc perpendicular to the linear motion of the rack assembly. Linear reciprocation of the rack assembly through the stator block is coupled with rotary motion of the power transfer shaft and periodic rocking of the shaft as the pinion wheel traverses the engaging surface of the rack.

Abstract: A reciprocating piston internal combustion engine has a scotch yoke-type motion translator. The engine is horizontally opposed with each shuttle having a pair of pistons attached at the ends of a pair of oppositely extending arms. A centrally located aperture in the shuttle accommodates the crankpin and incorporates a pair of rack blocks bolted to the shuttle. The rack blocks mesh with mating epicycloidal/hypocycloidal sectors rotatably mounted upon a crankpin and forming the interface between crankshaft and shuttle. The cycle dynamics of the engine may be matched to the thermodynamics of a selected power cycle and fuel by adjusting the shape of the sectors and racks.

Abstract: A fuel inlet system (12) for an internal combustion engine (10) comprises a heat exchanger (22), heated by engine exhaust gases, to preheat air being supplied to a carburetor (14). The air is introduced into the carburetor (14) at a temperature of between about 375.degree. to 400.degree. F. The carburetor (14) has an annular heating chamber (122) in which the heated air is circulated. A fuel inlet conduit (63) is in thermal contact with the heated air in the heating chamber (122) to preheat the fuel. The air and fuel is mixed in two stages, the first being during travel along a conduit (144) and the second in a mixing chamber (170) in the carburetor (14). The carburetor (14) includes a valve (148) for restricting the amount of air flowing to the mixing chamber (170). The fuel inlet system (12) further comprises means (20) for adding water to the air/fuel mixture.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a fuel vaporizer and system. The fuel vaporizer comprises a fuel injector and a pair of facing nozzle sections for mixing the fuel/air mixture. Further, the internal configuration of the vaporizer and the directing of the incoming air stream into the vaporizer creates a vortex flow within the fuel vaporizer in combination with preheating and pressuring the fuel to facilitate a high degree of mixing within the vaporizer. The vaporizer and system can be added to an existing carbureted or fuel injected system of an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A mechanical process for significantly improving the octane rating performance of gasoline powered engines (either conventional carburetion or fuel injection). An auxiliary system fractionates a precise portion of the required fuel and combines the fraction thus formed with a conventionally produced air/fuel mixture in states and proportions which optimize the combustion process. Different means of implementing the process are described utilizing an additional fuel controller which is connected to a fuel supply through an existing fuel pump which delivers fuel to both the fuel controller and an existing carburetion of fuel-injection system. Air for both is drawn through a common air filter. A proportioning system determines the proper amount of air and fuel entering the controller where they are mixed. The vapor fraction is enhanced and stabilized by passing the mixture through a heat exchanger.

Abstract: A carburetion system for an internal combustion engine includes a fuel heater and vaporizer unit which produces a 30% liquid/70% vapor fuel mixture for delivery to the carburetor, and a flow control valve connected to be responsive to the ported vacuum pressure in the carburetor to increase the flow of heated and vaporized fuel to the carburetor when the ported pressure decreases, and decrease the flow of such heated and vaporized fuel when the ported pressure increases. The air drawn into the carburetor as a result of engine operation is further heated to a temperature within the range 160.degree. F. to 180.degree. F., by thermister controlled heating elements. In operation, the flow control valve works in conjunction with the carburetor float chamber to provide varying amounts of heated liquid fuel and heated vaporized fuel for mixing within the carburetor with the heated air, to enhance combustion within the engine and produce a corresponding reduction in exhaust pollutants.

Abstract: A carburetion system for an internal combustion engine includes a fuel heater and vaporizer unit which produces a 30% liquid/70% vapor fuel mixture for delivery to the carburetor, and a flow control valve connected to be responsive to the ported vacuum pressure in the carburetor to increase the flow of heated and vaporized fuel to the carburetor when the ported pressure decreases, and decrease the flow of such heated and vaporized fuel when the ported pressure increases. The air drawn into the carburetor as a result of engine operation is further heated to a temperature within the range 160.degree. F. to 180.degree. F., by thermister controlled heating elements. In operation, the flow control valve works in conjunction with the carburetor float chamber to provide varying amounts of heated liquid fuel and heated vaporized fuel for mixing within the carburetor with the heated air, to enhance combustion within the engine and produce a corresponding reduction in exhaust pollutants.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having three valves per cylinder includes a novel fuel injector that produces a heated 30% liquid/70% vapor fuel mixture at the injector's outlet. This heated fuel mixture combines with air heated to a temperature within the range of 160.degree. F. to 180.degree. F. by thermistor controlled heating elements prior to entering a combustion chamber. To help reduce pollutants and increase efficiency of the engine, a methanol/water vapor mixture is further drawn through a PCV line and combined with the air/fuel mixture prior to entering into the combustion chamber.

Abstract: An air flow controller and heater for use in preheating intake air being introduced into the carburetor of an internal combustion engine wherein the intake air is directed by fixed vanes or air flow guides into a spiral and therefore elongated flow path about an electrical heating element which is oriented downstream of the vanes or guides and along the air intake nozzle of an air filter housing which is mounted over the carburetor inlet.

Abstract: An internal combustion steam engine is operated with an alcohol-water fuel mixture vaporized prior to combustion by heated engine coolant that flows through a first heat exchanger. The first heat exchanger or vapor generator uses the waste heat from the engine coolant to heat and vaporize the alcohol-water mixture. A second heat exchanger using exhaust gases heats the combustion air before passage through the intake manifold. Complete vaporization of the alcohol fuel is accomplished to overcome the lower caloric power potential of alcohol as compared to gasoline and to insure complete and regular combustion.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing an air/fuel vapor mixture for use in the combustion chambers of an internal combustion chamber which includes an enclosure into which ambient air is introduced with a heater for heating the ambient air together with a fuel vaporizer for vaporizing fuel injected into the enclosure and for mixing with the heated air and another heater for heating the resulting air/fuel vapor mixture which is subsequently conducted out of the enclosure to the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A water cooled internal combustion engine, especially for utility vehicles operated with a gas which is stored in a liquid condition in a fuel tank. The internal combustion engine includes a cooling water cycle containing a thermostat, a cooler and a water pump. A fuel vaporizer is heated by the cooling water cycle of the internal combustion engine with an air intake preheater likewise being heated by the cooling water cycle. A throttle valve is arranged between the air/gas mixer and working cylinders of the engine. An externally heated water cycle is additionally provided in such a way that the externally heated water cycle is connected functionally in parallel with the cooling water cycle.

Abstract: Initially the engine operates normally with the exhaust gases preheating the air from the air cleaner intake, said air then being pressurized prior to it entering the carburetor. As the coolant temperature increases, heated coolant flows through a double heater coil within a chamber in which gasoline is contained. This vaporizes the gasoline and increases its pressure within the chamber until a predetermined pressure is reached which actuates a pressure switch controlling a solenoid valve which in turn by-passes the carburetor and allows pressurized fuel vapor to mix with preheated air under pressure thus operating the internal combustion engine on the cracked fuel and hot air mixture. When the engine is shut down the system returns to the original condition ready for the next starting cycle.

Abstract: A motor vehicle internal combustion engine having a pair of heat risers on the exhaust manifold and a plenum chamber positioned about the carburator fuel reservoir. Air from one of the heat risers is directed into the front of the air cleaner assembly. Air from the other heat riser is directed into the plenum where it preheats the fuel in the reservoir, and then exhaust into the air cleaner assembly where it is mixed with the air received from the first heat riser. Significant savings in fuel consumed by the engine have been noted by thus preheating the air and the fuel without vapor lock occurrences.

Abstract: A liquid fuel to gas converter and feed structure for internal combustion engines. Liquid fuel is transformed to the molecular gaseous state after being meter fed while it is passed through an elongate heated tubular element from which it is mixed with air being fed to the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A fuel cell vehicle comprising: a hydrogen tank which is mounted on the vehicle so as to have a center axis generally parallel to a front/rear direction of the vehicle; a high-voltage electric component which is positioned either forward or rearward of the hydrogen tank and which operates on high voltage; an aftercooler placed between the hydrogen tank and the high-voltage electric component to cool compressed air; and a fuel cell stack which is supplied with the cooled compressed air.