Abstract: MHMF Alternating Internal Combustion Engine consists of a double sided piston dividing the cylinder in two regions. Both regions are functional in alternative manner. This design includes more than one cylinder. The power strokes from both regions of the main cylinder also aid the processes in both regions of supplementary cylinder. The formulated Pressure-Volume (PV) relationship between the regions of a cylinder demonstrates the operation of one region supplementing the operation in the other region. This design leads to weight reduction, reduction of power losses thus enhancing efficiency.

Abstract: The invention relates to an engine including: —a cylinder that contributes to define a chamber (3), —a first piston (4), said first piston (4) and cylinder are subjected to a first relative back-and-forth motion, —an output shaft (8), —a second piston (14), said second piston (4) and cylinder are subjected to a second relative back-and-forth motion, said output shaft (8) mounted coaxially to said pistons (4, 14), —a first means for converting (5) said first relative back-and-forth movement into rotational motion of the output shaft (8), including, on one side, a first corrugated guide track (9) and, on the other side, a first guide element (10) designed to move along said guide track (9), —a first adjustment member (5) to position the first guide track (9).

Abstract: A linear-acting, free-piston internal combustion engine suitable for operation on a four-stroke engine cycle comprises a power piston (11a, 11b) reciprocating in a power chamber (18a, 18b) and a compression piston (23, 23a, 23b) reciprocating in a compression chamber (29a, 29b). The power piston (11a, 11b) and the compression piston (23, 23a, 23b) are rigidly connected by means of a rod (19). The compression piston (23, 23a, 23b) performs alternately an intake stroke and a compression stroke and the power piston (11a, 11b) performs alternately a power stroke and an exhaust stroke.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine comprises an engine block defining a cylinder having a longitudinal axis A. A piston is arranged slidably within the cylinder and an impeller is arranged at one end of the cylinder. The impeller is rotatably mounted on a shaft, which extends out of the cylinder and which is driven in rotation by rotation of the impeller. The engine further comprises an anti-rotation formation to prevent the piston rotating about a longitudinal axis of the cylinder and a swirl-inducing vane arranged on the face of the piston which faces the end of the cylinder at which the impeller is arranged. Combustion gas generated by combustion of a fuel in the cylinder between the piston and the impeller is caused to swirl by reaction with the swirl-inducing vane and the swirling combustion gases, in turn, cause the impeller to rotate.

Abstract: Internal combustion engines and methods of operating an internal combustion engine are provided. The engine may include double-ended pistons such that power strokes can be applied to drive the double-ended piston in both directions along the axis along which the piston reciprocates. In some engines, multiple pistons may be connected to a single piston shaft and arranged inline such that the motion thereof is in the same direction at all times along the piston axis of motion. In one engine, the double-ended piston divides a cavity of the engine block or cylinder wall into two separate compression chambers. Each compression chamber has its own fuel inlet. Each fuel inlet is coupled to a different fuel source such that one fuel may be combusted in one of the compression chambers and a different fuel is combusted in the other one of the compression chambers.

Abstract: A single-crankshaft single-cylinder fully-balanced opposed piston engine module that provides extra time for the injection and the combustion of the fuel.

Abstract: The engine includes a cylinder; a first piston and a second piston that reciprocate in the cylinder wherein the first piston has a first end piston head; a first piston rod attached to the first piston at a second end of the first piston opposite the first end; wherein the second piston has a first end forming a second piston head; a second piston rod attached to the second piston at a second end opposite the first end of the second piston; a first connecting rod connected to the first piston rod and coupled to a power output shaft; and a second connecting rod connected to the second piston rod and coupled to the power output shaft. The first and second piston head move away from each other on a first power stroke of the first piston and a second power stroke of the second piston.

Abstract: This invention relates to an engine (5) having axially opposed cylinders (C). The engine (5) has a first cylinder (C) having a first cylinder opening and a first cylinder head (H), a first piston (10) that reciprocates in the first cylinder opening, a second cylinder (C) having a second cylinder opening and a second cylinder head (H), and a second piston (30) that reciprocates in the second cylinder opening. The first cylinder opening and the second cylinder opening are in facing relationship such that the first cylinder and the second cylinder are axially opposed. The first piston (10) and the second piston (30) are connected such that the first piston (10) moves toward the first cylinder head (H) when the second piston (30) moves away from the second cylinder head (H) and such that the first piston (10) moves away from the first cylinder head (H) when the second piston (30) moves toward from the second cylinder head (H).

Abstract: A supercharged internal combustion engine including a pressurized fluid outlet, the engine comprising a two-ended piston, with one end received in a combustion chamber, and another end received in a hydraulic chamber. The piston further including a portion intermediate the two ends and received within an air chamber, and the air chamber has an air outlet communicating with a combustion air inlet to the combustion chamber.

Abstract: Compression ignition engines and methods of the type wherein the engines operate with one cylinder used as a compression cylinder and a second cylinder used as a combustion cylinder. The engines have all cylinders configured so as to be able to operate as a compression cylinder or a combustion cylinder. In the method of operation, a cylinder may switch its operation between being a compression cylinder and then operate a combustion cylinder. Switching the operation between compression and combustion operation results in an even temperature distribution within the engine, and eliminates the need for special cooling requirements, facilitating retrofit of existing engines. Also use of an air storage tank allows all cylinders to operate as combustion cylinders for short bursts of power. Various other features are disclosed.

Abstract: The double action piston assembly is for an internal combustion engine and has a combustion chamber that has a double action piston connected to one end of a central power rod disposed within the combustion chamber. A first intake air port and a first exhaust port are located in the up side of the combustion chamber. A compression chamber is connected to the combustion chamber. A central power rod passes through the combustion chamber into the compression chamber and out the compression chamber. A fuel mixture is fed into the combustion chamber and ignition means adjacent to combustion chamber to ignite the fuel mixture. At the end of each stroke, the compression exhaust valves are opened and the intake ports and the exhaust ports are open to permit air from the compression chamber to pass through the conduits into the combustion chamber for full scavenging of the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A gas or diesel internal combustion engine of either a two or four stroke design uses both ends of each piston to create a combustion chamber. The piston rod rides linearly through a lower cylinder head. The lower cylinder head forms a lower combustion chamber with its own set of valves and fuel/air inlet. A second set of lower cams and camshaft operate the lower set of valves. Crankcase oil is pumped up the middle of the piston rod to an outlet in the center of the piston.

Abstract: This invention relates to an engine (5) having axially opposed cylinders (C). The engine (5) has a first cylinder (C) having a first cylinder opening and a first cylinder head (H), a first piston (10) that reciprocates in the first cylinder opening, a second cylinder (C) having a second cylinder opening and a second cylinder head (H), and a second piston (30) that reciprocates in the second cylinder opening. The first cylinder opening and the second cylinder opening are in facing relationship such that the first cylinder and the second cylinder are axially opposed. The first piston (10) and the second piston (30) are connected such that the first piston (10) moves toward the first cylinder head (H) when the second piston (30) moves away from the second cylinder head (H) and such that the first piston (10) moves away from the first cylinder head (H) when the second piston (30) moves toward from the second cylinder head (H).

Abstract: A joint for positioning between first and second elements includes an outer member and an inner member. The first and second elements are arranged for linear motion along a common axis. The outer member is configured for movement relative to the first and second elements along a first axis perpendicular to the common axis, and the inner member is mounted within the outer member for rotation relative to the outer member about a second axis perpendicular to the first axis and the common axis and for movement relative to the outer member along the second axis. The outer member is restrained from movement along the second axis. The outer member defines first and second parallel flat sides. Each flat side defines a plane perpendicular to the common axis. The outer and inner members each defining an opening for receiving a drive arm.

Abstract: A four stroke internal combustion engine (110) having at least one cylinder (13) having a double acting piston (16) dividing the cylinder into two combustion chambers (14 & 15) and being reciprocable within the cylinder (13) to perform a power stroke producing work on a crankshaft (21) whilst moving towards or away from the crankshaft. The piston (16) has a pivotal connection (30) with a connecting rod (17) in turn connected directly to the crankshaft (21). A separation plate (18) separates the engine sump (12) from the adjacent combustion chamber (15) and accommodates lateral movement of the connecting rod (17) passing sealingly therethrough.

Abstract: A variable compression piston assembly includes a plurality of pistons, a transition arm coupled to each of the pistons, and a rotating member mounted for pivoting movement to slide along an axis of the drive member. Movement of the rotating member relative to the drive member changes the compression ratio of the piston assembly. An engine assembly includes first and second piston assemblies mounted back-to-back and 180° out of phase. A joint for positioning between first and second pistons includes an outer member and an inner member. The outer member is configured for movement relative to the pistons along a first axis perpendicular to the common axis of the pistons. The inner member is mounted within the outer member for rotation relative to the outer member about a second axis perpendicular to the first axis and the common axis.

Abstract: A variable compression piston assembly includes a plurality of pistons, a transition arm coupled to each of the pistons, and a rotating member mounted for pivoting movement to slide along an axis of the drive member. Movement of the rotating member relative to the drive member changes the compression ratio of the piston assembly. An engine assembly includes first and second piston assemblies mounted back-to-back and 180° out of phase. A joint for positioning between first and second pistons includes an outer member and an inner member. The outer member is configured for movement relative to the pistons along a first axis perpendicular to the common axis of the pistons. The inner member is mounted within the outer member for rotation relative to the outer member about a second axis perpendicular to the first axis and the common axis.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has at least one cylinder, which is separated by a single dual-piston into two sub-chambers. The single dual-piston fulfills the role of two conventional pistons in its linear back and forth motion along the combustion chamber by using both its front and back surfaces as an element of a combustion chamber within the cylinder. Lubrication of the horizontally oriented engine distributes the oil into a space within the cylinder surrounding the middle of the dual-piston. The oil pump cycles oil to the required parts of the engine to an oil sump and back to the space.

Abstract: A four stroke internal combustion engine (110) having at least one cylinder (13) having a double acting piston (16) dividing the cylinder into two combustion chambers (14 & 15) and being reciprocable within the cylinder (13) to perform a power stroke producing work on a crankshaft (21) whilst moving towards or away from the crankshaft. The piston (16) has a pivotal connection (30) with a connecting rod (17) in turn connected directly to the crankshaft (21). A separation plate (18) separates the engine sump (12) from the adjacent combustion chamber (15) and accommodates lateral movement of the connecting rod (17) passing sealingly therethrough.

Abstract: A rotary engine, pump or compressor with a intake/exhaust ports in end plates and a rotatably mounted block mounted in a framework. In an embodiment cylinder sets are mounted in the block and each includes opposing cylinders with ends which include transfer ports disposed to alternately form passageways with the intake and exhaust ports as the cylinders rotate with the block. A novel crankset operatively connects the block to the driveshaft.

Abstract: A variable compression piston assembly includes a plurality of pistons, a transition arm coupled to each of the pistons, and a rotating member mounted for pivoting movement to slide along an axis of the drive member. Movement of the rotating member relative to the drive member changes the compression ratio of the piston assembly. An engine assembly includes first and second piston assemblies mounted back-to-back and 180° out of phase. A joint for positioning between first and second pistons includes an outer member and an inner member. The outer member is configured for movement relative to the pistons along a first axis perpendicular to the common axis of the pistons. The inner member is mounted within the outer member for rotation relative to the outer member about a second axis perpendicular to the first axis and the common axis.

Abstract: The invention is a piston engine which has a plurality of cylinders, each cylinder having two ends in a first embodiment, and single ended in another embodiment, each end having a spark plug and inlet and exhaust valves. A distibutor is used for controlling the timing of firing the spark plugs and cams for controlling the operation of the inlet and exhaust valves. In each cylinder is a double ended piston. A transition arm is connected to each double ended piston by connecting shafts which extend into a central opening in each double ended piston. An adjustable flywheel is connected by a drive arm to the transition arm. Output from the engine is through an output shaft connected to the flywheel.

Abstract: The apparatus comprises a lever member having a first regulator which is provided at an end of the lever member and functions as a force point, and a second regulator which is provided at another end of the lever member and functions as a movable fulcrum. An action point hole is provided between both of the ends of the lever member and is engaged with a crank pin of a crankshaft. The first regulator is connected with a piston as a reciprocal motion member, and the first and second regulators has a support member for movably supporting the force point and the movable fulcrum such that the force point and the fulcrum are movably in a lengthwise direction of the lever member.

Abstract: A high-efficiency explosion engine has a double-acting central piston mounted on a shaft within a cylinder to form two combustion chambers. Auxilliary pistons mounted on the ends of the shaft control the intake of gases to the combustion chambers. In one embodiment, the auxilliary pistons are mounted axially offset from the piston shaft. In a further embodiment, fuel is provided through the piston shaft into the combustion chambers dependant upon the position of the piston within the cylinder.

Abstract: An apparatus for mutual conversion between circular motion and reciprocal motion includes a lever member which is rotatably mounted on a line connecting a rotational center and a circumference of a rotary disk, the lever member having a fulcrum, an action point and a force point, and being provided with a first regulator serving as an action point regulator and a second regulator serving as a movable fulcrum regulator. The first regulator is coupled to a reciprocating body. The movable fulcrum regulator has support members for supporting the fulcrum point and the first regulator has support members for supporting the action point in a longitudinal direction of the lever member.

Abstract: An apparatus for mutual conversion between circular motion and reciprocal motion includes a lever member which is rotatably mounted on a line connecting a rotational center and a circumference of a rotary disk, the lever member having a fulcrum, an action point and a force point, and being provided with a first regulator serving as an action point regulator land a second regulator serving as a movable fulcrum regulator. The first regulator is coupled to a reciprocating body. The movable fulcrum regulator has support members for supporting the fulcrum point and the first regulator has support members for supporting the action point in a longitudinal direction of the lever member.

Abstract: An apparatus for mutual conversion between circular motion and reciprocal motion includes a lever member which is rotatably mounted on a line connecting a rotational center and a circumference of a rotary disk, the lever member having a fulcrum, an action point and a force point, and being provided with a first regulator serving as an action point regulator and a second regulator serving as a movable fulcrum regulator. The first regulator is coupled to a reciprocating body. The movable fulcrum regulator has support members for supporting the fulcrum point and the first regulator has support members for supporting the action point in a longitudinal direction of the lever member.

Abstract: A virtual crankshaft engine (i.e., an engine without a physical crankshaft) utilizes hypocycloidal principles to convert linear piston motion into rotary drive motion. This virtual crankshaft engine reduces engine weight, volume, vibration, friction, and component complexity of the traditional drive train which translates into reduced manufacturing costs and improved performance and reliability.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine comprising an engine block housing at least one reciprocating piston being provided in a cylinder comprising at least one inlet valve and an exhaust valve, which piston is coupled with a crankshaft being coupled with a drive and/or working shaft, there is at least one two-sided piston reciprocating in two coaxial chambers each of a cylinder. Each chamber is provided on opposite sides of the crankshaft, wherein the at least one two-sided piston comprises a central bearing, through which the crankshaft is passing, and wherein the drive and/or working shaft is coupled eccentrically with the crankshaft.

Abstract: A double-acting piston engine has a crankshaft rotatable about a first central axis and having a crankpin having a second central axis which is spaced a distance from the first central axis, a cylinder assembly having a pair of cylinder chambers confronting each other along an axial line perpendicular to the first central axis, with the crankpin being disposed substantially between the cylinder chambers, and a piston assembly slidably disposed in the cylinder chambers and coupled to the crankpin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a reciprocating engine which has an improved reciprocating double ended piston which substantially reduces the size and weight of piston components. The double ended piston comprises a center portion between the two end portions. The center portion having at least one pair of racks located along the longitudinal axis either on the outside surface of a pair of flat surfaces or on opposed inside surfaces along a slot cut into the center portion. At least one crankless drive shaft having a gear or pair of gears mateable with the racks so that the crankless drive shaft (s) are continuously rotated.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for quickly adjusting the coolant flow in a tuned, low-flow coolant system to maintain the temperature of air leaving an aftercooler at a desired temperature and for maintaining the temperature of an engine block within a predetermined range, during various engine loads and ambient temperatures. The invention employs a quick-acting, proportional radiator shuttle valve to mix hot coolant from the radiator input with cool coolant from the radiator output for application to the aftercooler and a quick-acting aftercooler shuttle valve to mix cool coolant from the radiator output with coolant from the aftercooler for application to the engine block.

Abstract: Structure and method are disclosed for providing timed valving in which a nutating plate having an opening defined therethrough moves relative to at least one other nominally static plate having a complementary opening defined therethrough, the nutating plate at one portion of the nutating travel bringing the opening defined therethrough in alignment with the complementary static opening and in another portion of the nutating movement positioning such opening therethrough in a spaced, sealing relationship relative to the complementary static opening. Either the nutating or nominally static plate may be utilized in pairs such that a sandwiched relationship between one type of plate and the other exists.

Abstract: This invention relates to a medical device and more particularly, to a novel medical device suitable for use as a skin massager to relieve itchiness, irritation and general discomfort of the skin felt by a person wearing a cast or splint. The device comprises a thin, elongated strip having a plurality of randomly-spaced protrusions on one surface and a plurality of rounded indentations inset in the opposite surface, with the remaining areas of the opposite surface being smooth. The device provides a safe yet economical manner to massage the skin without producing any untoward or allergic reactions and is quite inexpensive to produce.

Abstract: Structure and method for providing timed valving in which a nutating plate having an opening defined therethrough moves relative to at least one other nominally static plate having a complementary opening defined therethrough, the nutating plate at one portion of the nutating travel bringing the opening defined thereto in alignment with the complementary static opening and in another portion of the nutating movement positioning such opening therethrough in a spaced, sealing relationship relative to the complementary static opening. Either the nutating or nominally static plate may be utilized in pairs such that a sandwiched relationship between one type of plate and the other exists. The static and nutating plates may advantageously be biased together. Timing of the opening and closing of the valving structure may be adjusted relative to a nominal rotating shaft such as to provide opening and closing cycles of selected portions of an entire rotation.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine in which first and second elongate blocks of identical structure are axially aligned and held in longitudinally spaced relationship by a generally cylindrical connector. The first and second blocks cooperate to define a number of axially aligned cylinders, each of which has a double ended piston slidably mounted therein, and each of which piston supports a pair of cam engaging members. A drive shaft is rotatably supported in the first and second blocks, which drive shaft supports a force receiving cam that is engaged by the pairs of members on the pistons, with the cam situated within the confines of the connector.

Abstract: To reduce space requirements, vibrations and certain stresses in an engine, a different one of two pistons is mounted on each end of a single piston rod to which the crankshaft is attached by a cylindrical shaped connector that rotates inside the piston rod or by two arms extending orthogonally from its central portion, each arm being mounted to a different one of two different connecting rods. To balance inertia forces, two oppositely rotating crankshafts are counterweighted to balance the inertia forces of the assembly in its axis of oscillation and to balance each other outside that axis of motion, or two piston assemblies oscillate opposingly in the same axis eliminating the need for the crankshafts to balance their inertia forces.

Abstract: A novel internal combustion cycle and internal combustion engine operating thereon. Expansion of the hot combustion gases is controllably achieved in a primary combustion/expansion chamber and a secondary expansion chamber in a manner to reduce engine exhaust pressures to essentially atmospheric or below. The chambers are defined by two members movable with respect to each other within an engine block volume. Porting and fluid flow control is accomplished through the motion of the moving members. Embodiments include the use of a suction chamber which achieves subatmospheric exhaust pressures and which, in conjunction with a pressure-pumping chamber, achieves a "push-pull" effect on the fluid in the engine. Unique porting of the fuel/air mixture is provided and it includes, if desired, means to vary the fuel/air ratio during the cycle. The engine of this invention exhibits performance characteristics associated with the usual four-stroke cycle engines.