Abstract: A tappet includes a housing with a blind bore and with a shelf groove arranged on the inner wall of the bore; a main body slidably arranged in the bore of the housing, wherein the main body comprises a first shoulder; a secondary body telescopically arranged to the main body and having a second shoulder; a spring device arranged between the first shoulder and the second shoulder; and a locking device extendable from the main body for cooperation with the shelf groove.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide a vibration damping system including a fixed element, a moveable element arranged to move linearly along an axis relative to the fixed element in response to a non-mechanical force, and an inerter element coupling the moveable element to the fixed element, and configured to convert the linear motion of the moveable element into rotational motion about the axis. The vibration damping system may be applied to many types of valves. In some embodiments, the vibration damping system may be applied to pressure relief valves. In some embodiments, the moveable element rotates to provide inertial damping. In other embodiments, the inerter element rotates to provide inertial damping.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide a vibration damping system including a fixed element, a moveable element arranged to move linearly along an axis relative to the fixed element in response to a non-mechanical force, and an inerter element coupling the moveable element to the fixed element, and configured to convert the linear motion of the moveable element into rotational motion about the axis. The vibration damping system may be applied to many types of valves. In some embodiments, the vibration damping system may be applied to pressure relief valves. In some embodiments, the moveable element rotates to provide inertial damping. In other embodiments, the inerter element rotates to provide inertial damping.

Abstract: A tool for attaching valve keys to a valve stem includes an elongated holder with a longitudinal axis, an inner hollow space and an end opening. An elongated core is arranged in the hollow space of the holder coaxially to the longitudinal axis. An elongated recess for receiving a substantial upper portion of the valve stem is provided in the end region of the core coaxially to the longitudinal axis. The recess of the core issues into the end opening and has a depth which is greater than or at least equal to the axial distance between the end and the annular groove of the valve stem. The core at least partially covers the annular groove, such that the valve keys can be supplied to the lateral surface of a valve stem underneath the annular groove and incorrect engagement can be avoided.

Abstract: An improved ball type valve rotator is provided that includes a main body segment having a bottom wall with an upper surface, and a body cap that overlies the main body segment. A ball cages assembly is housed between the main body segment and the body cap. The ball cages assembly includes multiple ramps with lower surfaces that are spaced from the bottom wall upper surface of the main body segment. This allows the multiple ramps to deflect toward the bottom wall upper surface of the main body segment. The multiple ramps can deflect independently of each other, so that different distances can be defined between the different ramps and the bottom wall upper surface of the main body segment. In so doing, the ball cage assembly can accommodate non-uniform applications of force into the valve rotator.

Abstract: A valve rotating mechanism for exhaust valves, especially of marine diesel engines, which mechanism is braced in a valve housing for the valve stem (1) between an upper and a lower drive element, is linked to the lower drive element via a freewheel device, which transmits rotation of the valve stem (1) during closing movement thereof, and is also braced relative to the upper drive element via a rotary cylinder (15), which brings about rotation of the valve stem (1) through engagement with a fixed support cylinder (13). Therein the rotary cylinder (15) and support cylinder (13) are engaged with one another via a helical gearing, wherein the rotary cylinder (15) is linked to the valve stem (1) via the freewheel device and the support cylinder (13) is fastened on the housing side.

Abstract: A spring retainer can reduce the set height and mass of a coil spring. The spring retainer has a retainer body attached to a stem end of a valve and a circumferential plate-like spring part having an inner circumferential part supported by the retainer body and resiliently supporting an end of the valve spring. A spring constant of the plate-like spring part is made higher than a spring constant of the valve spring, so that the plate-like spring part deflects after the valve spring is compressed, to provide a two-step load characteristic and reduce the set height, compressed height, and mass of the valve spring. It can also reduce the height and mass of the spring retainer. A spring system formed by combining the spring retainer and valve spring with each other will be compact and lightweight.

Abstract: The valve system for opposed piston engines essentially comprises a single poppet valve opening into the common combustion chamber between the two opposed pistons of each piston and cylinder pair. The engine for which the mechanism is adapted includes a rotating internal cylinder surrounding each piston pair, with a stationary outer cylinder or case surrounding the rotating cylinder. The valve is pivotally attached at one side or end thereof to the edge of the valve port of the rotating cylinder, and is actuated by an arm or arms having guides (rollers, etc.) at the distal end(s) thereof, which are captured in corresponding cam track(s) or channel(s) formed in the fixed outer cylinder or case of the engine. The cam track has a variable radius, with the valve arm(s) and guide(s) alternately lifting and lowering as the guide(s) travel(s) in the variable radius cam track(s), thereby closing and opening the valve.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a poppet valve offering an increased valve area, comprising an outer valve head comprising an outer valve port and an inner valve head comprising an inner valve port. The inner valve head is rotatable relative to the outer valve head to align the inner and outer valve ports to open a path through the poppet valve, thereby increasing the effective valve area of the poppet valve. The path created by aligning the inner and outer valve ports can be designed to mix air flowing into a combustion chamber.

Abstract: A rotary cylinder valve, reciprocating piston, internal combustion engine, has a crankshaft 2 and a transmission drive to drivingly connect the crankshaft 2 to the rotary cylinder 1, the axis of the cylinder 1 being at an angle to the axis of the crankshaft 2, the transmission drive including a gear train having a first gear 4 rotationally fast on the crankshaft 2, a second gear 8 rotationally fast on the rotary cylinder 1 and an idler gear 5 to transmit drive between the first and second gears.

Abstract: Disclosed is a simple, easy-to-produce, and reliable connection between a shaft of a gas exchange valve and an actuator. This connection is detachable and, as a result, can be connected and disconnected multiple times. It is also possible to dispose the coupling piece on the shaft of the gas exchange valve and provide circumferential grooves on the control element of the actuator.

Abstract: An anti-rotation guide for preventing rotation of a roller follower valve lifter in an internal combustion engine. The guide has an outer surface for engaging an engine bore and an inner surface for slidably receiving the lifter. One end of the guide includes an anti-rotation feature for cooperating with a mating feature on the lifter, preferably flats although other configurations are contemplated within the scope of the invention. The anti-rotation feature may take any of a plurality of shapes, including but not limited to an arm and tang, a flap, and an orifice flat. The guide is installed from an opening in the engine bore proximate a camshaft disposed in the engine block. The cooperating features prevent axial rotation of a lifter within the sleeve but do not inhibit axial or reciprocal motion of the lifter.

Abstract: A device for providing additional torsional energy for a cam shaft is provided. The device includes at least one main cam lobe formed on a rotating shaft; a valve operating mechanism disposed to be engaged by the main cam lobe; and an outer cylinder encompassing the valve operating mechanism, and capable of movement that is independent of the valve operating mechanism, the outer cylinder being disposed to provide torsional energy to the rotating shaft.

Abstract: An electromechanical valve assembly 46 for an internal combustion engine 36 is provided. The valve assembly 46 includes a rotor 68 centered about a first axis 122 having a bore 114 extending generally axially therethrough. The valve assembly 46 further includes a stator 66 operatively disposed about the rotor 68 for producing a torque to cause rotation of the rotor 68 about the axis 122. Finally, the valve assembly 46 includes a valve 70 having a valve stem 126 and a valve head 84 The valve stem 126 extends generally axially through the bore 114 of the rotor 68. The valve stem 126 is also configured to move generally axially responsive to the rotation of the rotor 68 to selectively engage and disengage the valve head 84 with a valve seat 124 of the engine 36.

Abstract: The invention relates to a valve rotator having an annular body in which are circumferentially provided several ball pockets having inclined ball races and in which a ball and a tangential spring are located in each case. In a rest position, the tangential springs press the balls at an upper point of the inclined ball races. An annular cover is also provided, which is rotatable and axially displaceable relative to the body. There is also an axial spring device between the body and the cover, the axial spring device pressing them apart axially in the rest position and if a valve spring tension is applied the body and the cover are pressed axially against one another and the balls roll along the ball races to a lower point. There is a clearly defined rotation between the body and the cover. A drastic reduction of wear is brought about in that the axial spring device is spaced from the balls and on one axial side of the axial spring device is provided a pivot bearing. The balls are in contact with the cover.

Abstract: The invention aims at achieving better filling of the cylinders located in the body of the valve (1) by implanting valves (2) with an elliptical head (3) whose linear opening/closing movement is complemented by a lateral rotation with a 55° amplitude, said rotational movement being accomplished by using a guide (8) having two symmetrical and helicoidal tracks (9) on which two pivots (10) that are provided for said purpose can slide on points diagonally opposite to the stem pertaining to the corresponding valve (2). The overhead with the composite movement elliptical valves can be used in all internal combustion engines such as spark ignition or compression ignition internal combustion engines regardless of the number of cylinders and their utilization.

Abstract: A valve arrangement includes a valve member that rotates within a valve guide such that a frictional wear area is unlikely to occur on a discrete location of the valve stem and/or the valve guide. The valve guide includes a bore, the bore defining a longitudinal axis and a helical bore groove. The valve member includes a valve head and a stem, the stem being guided for reciprocal movement within the valve guide. The valve stem reciprocates within the valve bore and includes a helical stem groove. As the valve stem reciprocates within the valve bore, the helical bore groove and the helical stem groove interact to impart an axial rotation to the valve member about the longitudinal axis.

Abstract: The invention aims at achieving better filling of the cylinders located in the body of the valve (1) by implanting valves (2) with an elliptical head (3) whose linear opening/closing movement is complemented by a lateral rotation with a 55° amplitude, said rotational movement being accomplished by using a guide (8) having two symmetrical and helicoidal tracks (9) on which two pivots (10) that are provided for said purpose can slide on points diagonally opposite to the stem pertaining to the corresponding valve (2). The overhead with the composite movement elliptical valves can be used in all internal combustion engines such as spark ignition or compression ignition internal combustion engines regardless of the number of cylinders and their utilization.

Abstract: One of adjacent rocker arms in a valve operating system of an engine is provided with first and second support walls. A roller is disposed between the first and second support walls to come into rolling contact with cams. A cylindrical roller shaft, supporting the roller, is provided between the first and second support walls, so that a switchover pin of an associative-operation switchover means can be slidably fitted into the roller shaft in response to the movement thereof. The roller shaft is press-fitted into at least a second one of the first and second support walls, and a press-fit margin for the roller shaft press-fitted into the second support wall on the side of the other rocker arm is set smaller than a press-fit margin for the roller shaft press-fitted into the second support wall on the side of the roller.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a solenoid-operated valve that functions as an intake or exhaust valve of an internal combustion engine includes a lower spring biasing a valve body of the valve in a valve closing direction and upper and lower coils disposed above and below an armature for generating electromagnetic forces to move the valve body in the valve closing and valve opening directions. After a request for closing of the valve body is made, command currents are supplied to the upper and lower coils in suitable timing to increase the speed at which the valve body is seated against a valve seat. As the valve body rotates about its axis due to the action of the lower spring in the course of moving toward the valve seat, it is possible to crush and remove carbon between the valve body and the valve seat without causing local wear of the valve body.

Abstract: A valve drive mechanism for a DOHC engine which leaves sufficient installation space for a functional part (16) to be located at a central portion of each of cylinder bores (15) even if each cylinder bore is relatively small. When viewed from the top, two intake valves (1) are linearly arranged in parallel to the longitudinal center line of the engine and two exhaust valves (2) are linearly arranged on the opposite side. The center line (8) of an intake camshaft (4) is offset from the mutual center line of the linearly arranged intake valves in a transverse direction of the engine to an outside direction of the associated cylinder bore such that the intake camshaft center line (8) is apart from the longitudinal center line of the engine and the exhaust camshaft center line (8) is offset in the opposite transverse direction from the mutual center line (6) of the linearly arranged exhaust valves (2), with the parallel relationship between the intake and exhaust camshafts being maintained.

Abstract: A valve lifter for a three-dimensional cam and a variable valve operating apparatus have enhanced flexibility in the design of a detent mechanism of the valve lifter for the three-dimensional cam, as well as enhanced durability. It is possible to form a thick wall portion which is sufficiently thick without increasing the weight by providing an offset between an outer peripheral surface and an inner peripheral surface of the valve lifter. Therefore, a sufficiently large projection can be mounted without deforming the valve lifter. This structure makes it possible to increase an area contacting a detent groove, reduce the surface pressure, and enhance the durability. The thick wall portion exists longer in an axial direction of the valve lifter, so the detent mechanism can be formed on the outer peripheral surface instead of a top surface. Therefore, the flexibility of design of the detent mechanism can be enhanced.

Abstract: A valve drive arrangement for use in an engine having a pair of intake valves and a pair of exhaust valves for each cylinder. Each pair of intake valves are coupled to each other by a valve bridge and forced downwards simultaneously by a single rocker arm, and each pair of exhaust valves are coupled to each other by another valve bridge and forced downwards simultaneously by another single rocker arm. A contact member is rotatably provided on an upper surface of each valve bridge such that it contacts the associated rocker arm. The press center of the rocker arm to the associated contact member and center lines of the associated valves lie in a single plane. A rotation center of the associated contact member is offset from this single plane.