Abstract: A bearing member according to an embodiment of the present invention is formed into a single cylindrical shape or a cylindrical shape divided into arcs along a circumferential direction, and is assembled to a housing on an outer peripheral side of the bearing member. The bearing member includes an outer peripheral surface provided on a side opposed to an inner peripheral surface of the housing. A maximum height Rz (?m) of a surface roughness of the outer peripheral surface is set as 2.00 ?m?Rz?4.00 ?m, and a value of ratio between an average protruding-peak height Rpk (?m) and a load length rate Mr1 (%), that is a load curve parameter for the surface roughness is set as 0.010?Rpk/Mr1?0.100.

Abstract: A method is provided for producing a component connection, which has a first component and a male connecting element with at least one sphere or at least one spherical element. The at least one ball or the at least one spherical element is pressed into the material of the first component in such a way that a positive-locking connection results between the first component and the connecting element, by which positive-locking connection the connecting element is connected to the first component in a translationally fixed and rotationally fixed manner.

Abstract: A cam follower roller device, notably for fuel injection pump of an internal combustion engine, the cam follower roller device comprising a casing, a shaft mounted on the casing and a roller rotatably mounted on the shaft. The casing comprises on its periphery at least four openings made through the thickness of the casing and located in such a way that two openings face one end of the outer cylindrical surface of the roller.

Abstract: The present invention provides a DLC (diamond like carbon) film coating and a coated valve lifter, wherein the DLC film coating can be formed at a film forming rate comparable with that achieved in the case of forming the DLC coating film by the CVD (chemical vapor deposition) method and has good durability comparable with that obtained in the case of forming the DLC film coating by the sputtering film forming method. The DLC film coating includes an intermediate layer 3 deposited on the surface of a base substrate and a DLC layer 4 deposited on the intermediate layer 3. The intermediate layer 3 is formed of metal carbide or metal capable of forming a hard surface and the DLC layer 4 is formed by adding a common metal element to that contained in the intermediate layer 3 thereto while inert gas containing hydrocarbon gas is being introduced.

Abstract: A valve assembly is provided herein. The valve assembly may include a valve stem coupled to a coil spring and an impact dampening tappet partially enclosing the spring and valve stem and in contact with a cam, the impact dampening tappet including an exterior metal layer having a cam contacting surface and an interior elastomeric layer traversing at least a portion of the interior surface of the exterior metal layer.

Abstract: A welding method, e.g., a laser welding method, for connecting a first workpiece to a second workpiece, includes a first method step in which the first and the second workpiece are brought into contact with each other; a second method step in which a desired welding distortion is ascertained; and a third method step in which the first and the second workpiece are welded to each other as a function of the welding distortion, and/or in which the first and the second workpiece are rotated about an axis of rotation at a rotational speed, the first and the second workpiece being welded to each other as a function of the rotational speed.

Abstract: A cylinder liner for insert casting which is excellent in heat conductivity with a cylinder block is provided, the cylinder liner for insert casting of the present invention comprising a cylinder liner for insert casting 2 which is formed with projections 5 with heights of 0.3 to 1.2 mm and undercut parts 6 in a ratio of 20 to 80/cm2 on an outer circumferential surface 4 over which, in turn, a thermally sprayed layer 7 is covered, wherein the thermally sprayed layer 7 is comprised of a ferrous material and wherein a ratio of a surface area of a thermally sprayed layer 7 surface at a certain region on the outer circumferential surface 4 of the liner with an area of the region is 12 to 23. The thermally sprayed layer preferably has a thickness of 0.01 to 0.2 mm. The thermally sprayed layer is preferably formed using a wire shaped thermal spraying material.

Abstract: Various systems are provided for a cam follower of a cam follower system. In one embodiment, a cam follower of a cam system comprises a tappet positioned between a cylinder valve and a camshaft, the tappet configured to drive the cylinder valve, a roller, and a pin coated with a diamond-like carbon coating coupling the roller to the tappet, the pin having a depressed contour on an outer surface of the pin.

Abstract: A roller follower includes a roller ring, a shaft and a plurality of rollers. At least one of the roller ring, the shaft and the rollers is a steel member made of steel containing 0.7 to 2.4% carbon and 10.0 to 20.0% chromium, with remainder iron and impurities. In addition, carbide containing at least any one of iron and chromium as well as carbon and having an area of 12.6 ?m2 or greater is generated at an area ratio of 5.0% or higher, at a rolling contact surface of the steel member (a roller ring rolling contact surface, a shaft rolling contact surface and a roller rolling contact surface.

Abstract: A valve assembly is provided herein. The valve assembly may include a valve stem coupled to a coil spring and an impact dampening tappet partially enclosing the spring and valve stem and in contact with a cam, the impact dampening tappet including an exterior metal layer having a cam contacting surface and an interior elastomeric layer traversing at least a portion of the interior surface of the exterior metal layer.

Abstract: Abrasion resistance is further enhanced in a sliding member used in an internal combustion engine. With respect to a valve lifter 6 used in an internal combustion engine 100, hard particles having higher hardness than the valve lifter 6 are dispersed onto the top face 61 of the valve lifter 6, and a nitriding treatment is conducted on the top face 61 dispersed with the hard particles.

Abstract: A valve sealant fitting includes a spring coupling unit having an internal screw thread for coupling unit assembly below the ball installation groove of the sealant body, the internal screw thread having a hexagonal groove for preventing a downward separation of the coil spring, allowing a fluid to flow and facilitating fastening and releasing of the screw, and having an external screw thread at an outer circumference of the spring coupling unit, and outer sealing O-rings disposed in O-ring installation grooves formed on respective upper and lower positions of the valve coupling taper screw part formed on the outer lower side of the sealant body.

Abstract: A materials combination for a camshaft and follower of an engine valve train provides excellent wear resistance. The camshaft or camshaft lobes are made from a malleable cast iron and the cam followers are made from a carbonitrided 52100 or 4130 steel to provide excellent wear resistance equivalent to diamond-like coatings at greatly reduced cost.

Abstract: The present invention provides a valve lifter, including a buffer layer, a Me diamond-like carbon layer having a thickness of 0.3˜0.6 ?m, and a diamond-like carbon layer having a thickness of 1˜1.5 ?m and a SP3 bonding fraction of 60˜70%, which are sequentially formed on a base body which is subjected to carbonitriding treatment. The valve lifter can exhibit superior low-friction characteristics and wear resistance.

Abstract: A tappet for an internal combustion engine is formed from a high-carbon, bearing grade steel. The high-carbon, bearing grade steel has a relatively high surface fatigue strength that provides the tappet with the ability to absorb a relatively large contact stresses during operation, thereby minimizing the formation of cracks within the tappet. Additionally, the high-carbon steel tappet can be heat treated to provide a substantially uniform hardness, between about 58 Rockwell Hardness C (HRC) and 62 HRC, and a substantially consistent microstructure throughout the tappet, thereby minimizing wear of the tappet during use.

Abstract: A titanium alloy tappet that is slidable at a high speed is provided by covering shortcomings of lightweight and high-strength titanium alloy. A surface 1A of at least a slidable portion of the tappet 1 for use with a valve system is subjected to a carburizing process.

Abstract: A materials combination for a camshaft and follower of an engine valve train provides excellent wear resistance. The camshaft or camshaft lobes are made from a malleable cast iron and the cam followers are made from a carbonitrided 52100 or 4130 steel to provide excellent wear resistance equivalent to diamond-like coatings at greatly reduced cost.

Abstract: Provided are a rocker arm, a rocker shaft, a valve cap, an adjust screw, a pivot receiving member, and a valve of an arm type valve operating device that can suppress wear and pitching, and attain a long service life. A multiplicity of minute recesses are provided at random in contact portions with other members of those members. A surface provided with recesses has a surface roughness parameter Ryni that is in a range: 0.4 ?m?Ryni?1.0 ?m, and an Sk value of ?1.6 or less. Accordingly, contact surfaces exhibit a high oil-film-forming capacity, so a long service life is attained even under a condition of low viscosity, thin lubrication and extremely thin oil film.

Abstract: A lightweight and high-strength valve lifter is excellent in wear resistance and sliding properties. The valve lifter is made of a titanium alloy having a hardened layer on the top surface thereof, on which a cam is caused to slide. The hardened layer is composed of an ?-case and an oxygen diffusion layer under the ?-case. The ?-case 22 is formed in a thickness of not less than 3 ?m and not more than 15 ?m. The oxygen diffusion layer has a thickness of not less than 10 ?m. The hardened layer on the top surface of the valve lifter is formed by oxidation treatment in a furnace at a temperature of not less than 600° C. An outermost oxide layer 21 formed on the ?-case as a result of the oxidation treatment is removed.

Abstract: Proposed is a valve drive for an internal combustion engine, having a gas exchange valve (11) and having a valve actuating element (4) which has a contact face (8) for an end face (9) on a valve shank (10) of the gas exchange valve (11) which is actuated in the opening and closing direction by the valve actuating element (4). Here, the contact face (8) and/or the end face (9) should be provided with a wear prevention layer (12) which is composed of at least one metal-free amorphous hydrocarbon layer with sp2 and sp3 hybridized carbon.

Abstract: The invention allows for a larger bronze axle outer diameter for increased contact area to carry system loads in tappet body assemblies of engine valve trains; thereby, improving wear and improving the life of the tappet. Relatively small diameter steel pins are used to secure the bronze axle and because the pins are within the bronze axle they do not need to be specifically processed for stress contact or retention. The bronze axle requires the cam roller follower inside diameter to increase as well to reduce the cross section of the cam roller follower. This thinner cross section improves the rotational inertia reducing the risk of skidding at the cam-to-roller interface. Skidding at this interface significantly reduces the life of the cam roller follower and/or the cam lobe. The smaller pin diameter provides addition clearance when packaged next to an adjacent cam lobe.

Abstract: A valve system lifter for combustion engines includes a hard metal face pad connected to a lower-grade metal lifter body. The connecting material is one or more materials that are different from both the lifter body and the face pad. Preferably, the connecting material is a silver-and copper-containing material, that may take the form of a wafer with silver or silver alloy layered over a copper alloy core. The preferred body includes one or more ferrous compounds, and the preferred face includes tungsten carbide. The resulting lifter is resistant to the cracking, breakage, and wear that plague conventional lifters, due to the harsh temperature and impact environment of the lifter. The resulting lifter may be used to reduce the need for change-out and down-time in many engines.

Abstract: A cam follower includes a roller on which a cam rolls. A material ratio Rmr (C) (C: a section level %) of an radially outer surface of the roller is set to relations of 0%<Rmr (10%)?10%, a Kurtosis Rku of a roughness profile of the outer surface is set to 4?Rku?10, an arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the outer surface is set to 0<Ra?0.15, and a compression stress S of the outer surface is set to 800 MPa?S?1,100 MPa.

Abstract: A tappet for an internal combustion engine is formed from a high-carbon, bearing grade steel. The high-carbon, bearing grade steel has a relatively high surface fatigue strength that provides the tappet with the ability to absorb a relatively large contact stresses during operation, thereby minimizing the formation of cracks within the tappet. Additionally, the high-carbon steel tappet can be heat treated to provide a substantially uniform hardness, between about 58 Rockwell Hardness C (HRC) and 62 HRC, and a substantially consistent microstructure throughout the tappet, thereby minimizing wear of the tappet during use.

Abstract: There is provided a cam follower in which a surface roughness of an outer surface of a roller of a cam follower which is in rolling contact with a cam of an engine is obtained individually in an axial direction and a circumferential direction, a skewness Rsk of a profile is formed to be negative, a core roughness depth Rk is made to be 0.3 or less, a reduced valley depth Rvk is made to be 0.3 or less, and a ratio Rk/Rt of the Rk to a maximum height Rt of the profile is made to be 0.19 or more.

Abstract: A valve lifter and a method of manufacture thereof is provided in which sliding properties of a cam on a cam-contacting sliding surface in an upper surface of a valve lifter are improved by forming the cam-contacting sliding surface as a concave surface to permit retention of lubricating oil therein. The cam-contacting sliding surface is integrally provided in an outer wall of an upper part of a valve lifter. The cam-contacting sliding surface is formed as a concave surface to provide better retention of the lubricating oil. The concave sliding surface is formed during high temperature oxidation of the valve lifter by permitting the natural slumping down of the upper part due to its own weight under the gravity.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydraulic support element (1) for a valve gear for an internal combustion engine. Said element consists of a cylindrical hollow case (2) in whose bore hole (3) a pressure piston (4) made of a glass or carbon fibre reinforced plastic is arranged.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a wear-resistant coating and to a wear-resistant coating on predetermined surfaces of machine or engine parts, in particular for internal combustion engines, which are exposed to frictional wear, comprising at least one nanocrystalline functional layer (4) made up of at least two CrNx phases for reducing friction and increasing the wear resistance of the predetermined surface (2) of the machine or engine part (1).

Abstract: The invention proposes a periodically actuable tappet (1) for a valve train, said tappet (1) comprising a hollow cylindrical skirt (2) that can be arranged through an outer peripheral surface (3) in a guide bore (4) of a surrounding structure (5), said skirt (2) comprising a window-type aperture (6) in which a separate anti-rotation device (8) is arranged through a radially inner portion (7), a radially outer portion (9) of the anti-rotation device (8) extending beyond the skirt (2) for guidance in a longitudinal groove (10) that intersects the guide bore (4), wherein the anti-rotation device (8), as viewed in cross-section, is substantially mushroom-shaped, the inner portion (7) has a rectangular cross-section corresponding to a geometry of the aperture (6) of the skirt (2), into which cross-section, the outer portion (9) merges in the manner of a roof through a fractional cylindrical outer peripheral surface (11), inner legs (12) of the outer portion (9) extend beyond the aperture (6) in peripheral directio

Abstract: A cam follower of a valve drive of an internal combustion engine, having a run-on surface for following at least one cam. The run-on surface has a microstructure comprising depressions for accumulating lubricant, wherein the depressions form an at least largely symmetrical microstructure similar to a grid. Two depressions of each enclosed section of the run-on surface running toward each other in the manner of an arrow to form a corner such that they point at least in the predominant direction of a movement of a contact point of a cam on the run-on surface.

Abstract: A rocker arm 1 made of sheet metal is formed so that Vickers hardness Hv of the surface layer portion 9a of the valve stem receiver 9 is set at Hv 650 to 800 and a quantity of the retained austenite ?R is set at 25 to 35 vol %.

Abstract: A valve lifter, in which an amorphous hard carbon film is coated at least on the surface that slides against a cam, is characterized in that the surface of a base material (substrate) has an arithmetic mean roughness of Ra 0.01 to 0.03 micrometers, and the maximum length of the scratch on the base surface is made to be equal to or shorter than 250 micrometers.

Abstract: A valve system lifter for combustion engines includes a hard metal face pad connected to a lower-grade metal lifter body. The connecting material is one or more materials that are different from both the lifter body and the face pad. Preferably, the connecting material is a silver- and copper-containing material, that may take the form of a wafer with silver or silver alloy layered over a copper alloy core. The preferred body includes one or more ferrous compounds, and the preferred face includes tungsten carbide. The resulting lifter is resistant to the cracking, breakage, and wear that plague conventional lifters, due to the harsh temperature and impact environment of the lifter. The resulting lifter may be used to reduce the need for change-out and down-time in many engines.

Abstract: In a guide rail for the valve train of an internal combustion engine, having receiving spaces disposed in an elongate body in spaced-apart relationship behind one another and accommodating valve lifters, flats are formed upon the outer surface area of each valve lifter to prevent the lifter from rotating about its central longitudinal axis. These flats are supported by flats of the guide rail which are located within the pertaining receiving space. An inlet bore is assigned to each receiving space of the elongate body for insertion of the valve lifter with an attached trumpet-like end in direction of its longitudinal axis. Subsequently the valve lifter is shifted in axis-parallel relationship to the flats of the guide rail, which act as rotation-inhibiting surfaces, and then is slightly displaced again in axial direction.

Abstract: A valving assembly for a motor vehicle includes a hard, lubricious and chemically inert coating of graphitic carbon. The coating may include a metal. Preferred metals include chromium or other transition metals.

Abstract: A fuel supply apparatus capable of reducing the abrasion of a driving cam and a tappet without increasing the dimensions and weight of the apparatus. This fuel supply apparatus is provided with a tappet which has a pressure receiving surface contacting the driving cam of an engine. The tappet is provided at the part of a outer surface thereof which is in the vicinity of an outer circumference of the pressure receiving surface with a groove adapted to prevent the local concentration of stress on the tappet and having a V-shaped, semicircular or U-shaped cross section.

Abstract: A sliding member (12) is disclosed that has superior slidability and durability at a low cost. A top sliding surface (12a) of the sliding member (12) is formed by a nitriding process that creates a compound layer (14) and a diffusion layer (15) on a base metal (16) of the sliding member (12). The buff polishing process is thinly performed on an outermost layer portion (14a) of the compound layer (14), such that a portion of the compound layer (14b and/or 14c) remains.

Abstract: In a combination of the shim 5 and cam 1 for use in a reciprocating mechanism portion, the shim 5 is made of a material having a hardness higher than that of the sliding surface of the cam 1 and the sliding surface of the shim 5 is finished to within a range of the surface roughness of Rz0.07-0.2 &mgr;m in 10-point mean surface roughness and further the sliding surface of the cam 1 is provided with open pores 1b. In the above combination, the generated torque and the wear of sliding portion are minimized by selecting a shim member whose surface roughness is difficult to deteriorate due to plastic deformation by a injection pump contact with a mating member and corrosion by various impurities mixed in lubricant and the like, and providing the surface of a cam member with an oil film holding function so as to maintain fluid lubrication of the sliding surface.

Abstract: A tappet assembly for an internal combustion engine, the tappet assembly having a first end mechanically connected to a engine component and second end adapted to contact a cam lobe of a camshaft to displace the engine component, where the tappet assembly includes a tappet body having a recessed pocket positioned at one end thereof, the recessed pocket being defined by an extended peripheral lip of said tappet body, a ceramic wear pad at least partially received within the recessed pocket, and a mechanism for preventing the ceramic wear pad from rotating relative to the recessed pocket. The ceramic wear pad has a top surface for contacting the cam lobe, a bottom surface which is received in the recessed pocket, and a peripheral edge surface thereinbetween.

Abstract: A hollow poppet valve (31) is disclosed, in which a stem portion (13) includes a flared fillet portion (17), having a wall thickness (T), and a downwardly-extending cylindrical portion (33;51), having a cylindrical external surface (35). In the main embodiment, the valve includes a cap member (15) defining a seat face (25), and a cylindrical internal surface (39), the internal and external surfaces (39,35) being closely spaced apart, defining an interface having an axial length (L), and being consumed by a weld (43). Preferably, the length (L) of the weld (43) is equal to at least 1.1 times the thickness (T). The fillet portion (17) defines an internal fillet radius (R1), greater than 0.3 times the thickness (T), and near the radius (R1) is a transition region (TR). The present invention improves fatigue strength of the poppet valve by separating the transition region (TR) from the weld (43) so that there is overlap for no more than a minor portion of the weld.

Abstract: A valve lifter guide for internal combustion engines for preventing rotation of the valve lifters. The guide consists of an elongated support which is affixed to an internal combustion engine block, and spaced resilient cantilever supported fingers extending from the support have a free end which engages an orientation flat surface on the valve lifter and prevents valve lifter rotation. The resiliency of the fingers simplifies installation of the guide and assures engagement of the guide fingers with the lifter flat surface. An embodiment includes alignment features to facilitate assembly of the valve push rods.

Abstract: An object of this invention is to provide a combination of a shim and a cam for use in a reciprocating mechanical system operated under a severe sliding condition, the combination not only assuring an excellent sliding characteristic by reducing friction work during sliding but also providing a high wear resistance and a high fatigue characteristic. In this combination of the shim and cam, the surface roughness of the sliding surface between the shim surface and cam is 0.08-0.4 &mgr;m in terms of ten-point average surface roughness Rz and the surface hardness of the shim sliding portion is higher than that of the cam and the cam has a plurality of cam mountains.

Abstract: Roller follower assemblies generally reduce frictional losses and wear associated with operating fuel injectors using a cam. Oil helps to reduce wear, but may not remove small particles. Buildup of these small particles may prevent a roller of the roller follower assembly from rotating about an axle pin. In the present invention, a hard coating is disposed between the axle pin and the roller to reduce rolling friction and buildup of small particles.

Abstract: A low friction, wear-resistant pin for a cam follower roller useful in the injector and valve trains of internal combustion engines, particularly diesel engines, to enhance cam durability and life is provided. The material selected for the pin, which is selected for its wear resistance, its corrosion resistance, its low friction, and its ability to embed hard debris and other oil contaminants without scuffing, has been demonstrated to improve cam life dramatically. A preferred roller pin material that achieves this objective is a copper-based alloy, most preferably a leaded manganese silicon bronze.

Abstract: A sheet metal rocker arm manufactured by the steps of punching one metal plate to form a blank having a predetermined contour and through holes, and subjecting this blank to a bending work based on a press work to form a pair of side walls parallel to each other and a connecting portion for connecting the both ends of the side walls in the width direction thereof. This rocker arm is also provided with at least a pair of through holes formed at positions which are aligned with each other on the both side walls and at least one engagement portion provided in a part of the connecting portion. The thickness of at least one engagement portion, is formed to be greater than the thickness of the both side walls.

Abstract: In a housing (1) for a switchable device for adjusting or compensating valve lash in an internal combustion engine, said housing being made as a one-piece component and comprising a sleeve-shaped inner guide (4) having a bore (7) for receiving an inner element which is contacted by a first, separate cam, said housing also comprising a cylindrical bottom portion (3) for making contact with at least one second, separate cam, and a circular cylindrical jacket (2) coaxially surrounding the inner guide (4), said inner guide comprising openings (6) for receiving locking pins which extend at right angles to the housing axis (5), according to the invention, the housing (1) is configured as a thin, drawn sheet metal part whose jacket (2) likewise comprises openings (8) which are aligned to the openings (6) of the inner guide (4). In this way, a light-weight housing is created which by joining with separate connection pieces forms a simple-to-manufacture base body for the device.

Abstract: A low friction cam shaft for actuating at least one valve of an internal combustion engine includes a shaft member extending longitudinally, at least one cam secured to the shaft member, the cam being made of a plurality of density metal materials and having an outer surface impregnated with a solid film lubricant that has an affinity for oil and promotes rapid formation of a stable oil film to reduce friction therebetween.