Abstract: A variable valve timing control device includes a relative rotation control mechanism restricting relative rotation between the housing member and the rotor member at an intermediate phase position between a most advanced angle phase position and a most retarded angle phase position, and a hydraulic pressure circuit which controlling supply and discharge of operation fluid with respect to advance and retarded angle hydraulic chambers while also controlling supply and discharge of operation fluid for the relative rotation control mechanism. The hydraulic pressure circuit includes a variable type spool valve adapted to discharge the operation fluid from the advance and retarded angle chambers and from the relative rotation control mechanism. The variable type spool valve has different discharge opening widths at a both drain function region in which the operation fluid can be drained from the advanced and retarded angle hydraulic chambers.

Abstract: A valve-operating mechanism includes cam followers carried on an engine body 1 with their tip ends being in sliding contact with the cam, rocker arms integrally connected to the cam followers and carried on the engine body coaxially with said cam followers with their tip ends being connected to valves, and valve springs for biasing the valves in closing directions. In the valve-operating mechanism, auxiliary springs are connected to the cam followers for biasing and turning the cam followers in the same directions as directions in which the valve springs bias and turn the rocker arms through the valves. Thus, a couple of forces generated over the axis of the cam follower and the rocker arm due to biasing force of the valve spring can be offset in a valve-closing process.

Abstract: A rocker arm assembly having a main body with side walls and a push rod contacting portion spaced away from a valve stem contacting portion is disclosed. The valve stem contacting portion further includes a spring clip mounted thereon. The arms of the spring clip cooperate to form a channel for providing lateral guidance between the rocker arm and a valve stem.

Abstract: In a switchable support element (1) for a valve train of an internal combustion engine, the lost motion spring (8) of the valve train is made as a torsion spring. This spring is arranged outside of the support element (1) and only the legs and the arms of the spring engage a housing and a head, respectively. In this way, the support element (1) requires no substantially larger design space than non-switchable prior art elements, particularly in axial direction.

Abstract: A seal plate partitions a sectorial space which houses a vane and a circumferential groove which houses a torsion spring, so that the sectorial space is formed to prevent the communication between an advance angle pressure chamber and a retard angle pressure chamber regardless of the space of the circumferential groove. As a result, by setting the inner diameter of the vane smaller than the outer diameter of the torsion spring, the outer diameter of the vane can be made relatively small without lowering the engine performance. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the actuator in size without lowering the engine performance, to reduce the weight of a valve timing adjusting device and to obtain a mounting space easily for mounting the valve timing adjusting device on the engine.

Abstract: A valve timing regulation device for regulating the timing of the opening and closing of the valves in an internal combustion engine, includes: a rotor urging member 40, 41 for urging the rotor 18 toward a predetermined lock position with respect to the housing 16; and holder members 38, 39 which support both ends of the rotor urging member 40, 41 on the wall surfaces of the shoe 22 of the housing 16 and the vane 23 of the rotor 18. Such an arrangement allows assembly of the rotor urging member 40, 41 into an advancing hydraulic chamber 24 formed between the shoe 22 and the vane 23. Thus, it is not required to provide an urging member storage chamber for assembling the rotor urging member 40, 41 as a separate component, and therefore it is possible to downsize the valve timing regulation device. Furthermore, it is possible to suppress wear on both ends of the rotor urging member 40, 41 due to friction with the shoe 22 and the vane 23 by the holder members 38, 39.

Abstract: A poly valve system for an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder having a bore, a piston capable of reciprocal travel within the bore, a cylinder head adjacent the bore, and a combustion chamber defined between the cylinder head and the piston, comprising a plurality of independently operated valves. Intake and exhaust manifolds are located adjacent to the cylinder head. Valve seats comprise openings in the cylinder head between one of the manifolds and the combustion chamber. Poppet valves are situated in the valve seats to selectively allow communication between one of the manifolds and the combustion chamber. The valves are electrically, pneumatically, or hydraulically operated so that each valve, including one of several intake valves per cylinder, may be operated independently of each other.

Abstract: An effective range of urging force of an assist spring is between a maximum retarded phase and a predetermined phase of a camshaft, a vane rotor and vanes. The predetermined phase is equal to an intermediate locking phase of the camshaft, the rotor and the vanes+10 degree CA. Even when oil pressure supplied to each advancing chamber is reduced at the time of engine stop, the camshaft, the rotor and the vanes can be advanced to or beyond the intermediate phase by the spring. Furthermore, at the time of engine start, the rotor and the vanes are positioned near the intermediate phase, so that reaction force of the spring is very small, allowing easy movement of the rotor with drive torque of the camshaft toward a retard side. Thus, the rotor can be locked at the intermediate phase by a lock pin.

Abstract: A hydraulic camshaft-adjusting device of the rotary piston type that includes of a drive gear (2) directly connected to a crankshaft and an impeller that is directly connected to a camshaft (3). The drive gear (2) has a cavity formed from a perimeter wall (5) and two side walls (5, 6) inside of which at least one hydraulic working chamber is formed from at least two boundary walls. The impeller has at least one radial vane (12) and each vane (12) divides one hydraulic work chamber into two hydraulic pressure chambers. The outer end (18) of each vane (12) of the impeller is pressed radially against the perimeter wall (5) of the drive gear (2) as a result of the force of a spring element (17) located at the inner end (15) of the vane.

Abstract: The invention concerns a valve controlling device with linear displacement along an axis comprising a number of actuators equal to that of the valves. Each actuator has a ferromagnetic blade fixed to a valve push rod and at least a return spring whereof one end is supported against the rod and the other end is supported against fixed anchoring means, adjustable in position relative to a housing of the actuator. A passage is provided between the actuators of the two adjacent valves to allow through an adjusting tool.

Abstract: A gas exchange valve control for internal combustion engines includes an electromagnetic actuator equipped with gas springs. The gas exchange valve control has an armature, which drives the gas exchange valve and is arranged to oscillate between stroke-separated switching magnets against the gas springs. The armature serving as the separating piston between the gas springs is moveable without friction in a closed armature stroke space. A housing-like yoke, which encloses the armature stroke space, including the adjacent switching magnets, exhibits between the switching magnets a device which serves to shorten the respective magnetic circuit of the respective switching magnet.

Abstract: A torsion coil spring is installed in a circle groove of a chain sprocket. Both ends of the coil spring are bent in a radially outward direction. The first bent end is fit to a fixed pin protruding from the chain sprocket, and the second bent end is fit to a pin protruding from a vane rotor. The coil spring urges the vane rotor such that the vane rotor advances with respect to the chain sprocket. That is, the coil spring urges the vane rotor such that a camshaft advances with respect to an engine crankshaft.

Abstract: A variable valve train device for installation in an internal combustion engine to controllably vary the intake valve lift, open duration, and timing. A rotary camshaft has a cam lobe for rotation in timed relationship to the motion of the pistons of the engine. A close-fitting frame is rotationally disposed on the camshaft and is pivotably connected to a control shaft such that the angular orientation of the frame may be controlled with respect to the camshaft. A rocker arm disposed on the frame is provided with an input roller which follows the lobe of the camshaft to oscillate an output roller in response to rotary motion of the cam. The output roller drives an output cam which cooperates with a cam follower to open an engine intake valve conventionally against a valve spring. A curved return spring disposed between the output cam and the frame returns the output cam as the valve closes.

Abstract: In a device for operating a gas exchange valve with a hydraulic play compensating element of an internal combustion engine, which device includes an electromagnetic actuator having spaced valve opening and valve closing magnets between which an armature is movably supported for operating the gas exchange valve and wherein the valve is biased in a valve closing direction by a valve closing spring and in a valve opening direction by a valve opening spring which together form a valve oscillation structure having an equilibrium position in which the armature which is operatively connected to the valve is essentially disposed centrally between the magnets, the opening spring has a steeper spring force characteristic line and a lower pre-stress value than the closing spring.

Abstract: A variable valve actuating comprising a spring guide for use with a curved spring includes an elongate, curved guide member having a centerline. The centerline has a centerline curvature that is substantially equal to the radius of curvature of the curved spring. The guide member has a first side having a side curvature. The side curvature is substantially equal to a curvature of the curved inside surfaces of the coils of the curved spring. The guide member is configured for being disposed within the curved spring such that the coils thereof substantially surround a periphery of the guide member.

Abstract: A valve spring retainer is mounted to the upper end of a poppet valve via a pair of cotters in an internal combustion engine of an automobile. The valve spring retainer has an intermediate portion and an outer flange which is engaged with the upper end of a valve spring. The lower surface has a gap between the outer flange and the intermediate portion to decrease wear which is caused by engagement with the valve spring. There is also provided a valve operating mechanism which has a valve spring retainer which has a projection on the lower surface so as to prevent wear.

Abstract: A seal plate partitions a sectorial space which houses a vane and a circumferential groove which houses a torsion spring, so that the sectorial space is formed to prevent the communication between an advance angle pressure chamber and a retard angle pressure chamber regardless of the space of the circumferential groove. As a result, by setting the inner diameter of the vane smaller than the outer diameter of the torsion spring, the outer diameter of the vane can be made relatively small without lowering the engine performance. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the actuator in size without lowering the engine performance, to reduce the weight of a valve timing adjusting device and to obtain a mounting space easily for mounting the valve timing adjusting device on the engine.

Abstract: An electromagnetic driving device of engine valve for internal combustion engine comprising an electromagnetic deriving mechanism includes a first and second electromagnets positioned opposite each other, an armature disposed in a gap formed between the electromagnets for moving therebetween, a follower having a first and second followers that are positioned opposite each other is for moving in relation to the armature, a valve associated with the armature for closing and opening an intake or exhaust passage, a first and second cams having gradually varied their profile are pivoted for contacting respective the first and second followers, a spring is disposed between the follower and the cams for urge the first and second cams toward the first and second followers, respectively.

Abstract: This invention describes an engine valve control responsive to electrical signals from a controller to open and close a valve. Power to move the valve comes from a camshaft. A disabler spring is compressed by a cam lobe and held compressed by its solenoid while the valve is held from opening by its solenoid. When the valve solenoid releases the valve, a half oscillation between the disabler spring and valve spring opens the valve and the valve solenoid than holds it open. The disabler solenoid then releases the disabler spring. When the valve solenoid releases its spring, a half oscillation of the two springs closes the valve with a soft landing. The valve operation is very fast, independent of engine speed, and can be controlled over 630 crankshaft degrees. The camshaft may run at crankshaft speed with valve disablement during compression and expansion strokes for 4 stroke operation. 2 stroke operation may be used for compressor and air motor operation as a pneumatic hybrid engine.

Abstract: This invention describes an engine valve control responsive to electrical signals from a controller to open and close valves. Power to move the valves comes from a conventional camshaft. A disabler spring is compressed by a cam lobe and held compressed by a first solenoid, and the valve is held from opening by a second solenoid. When the second solenoid releases the valve, a ½ oscillation between the disabler spring and valve spring opens the valve and a third solenoid holds the valve open. The first solenoid then releases the disabler spring. When the third solenoid releases the valve spring, a ½ oscillation of the two springs closes the valve with a soft landing and the second solenoid again holds the valve closed. The valve operation is very fast, independent of engine speed, and can be controlled over 270 crankshaft degrees. The solenoids, used for holding only, are very small and require little power. The camshaft runs at crankshaft speed.

Abstract: A valve driving apparatus for driving an intake and an exhaust valve uses electromagnetic force and is provided in an internal combustion engine. Each intake and exhaust valve is movable between an open position and a closed position. The valve driving apparatus includes an intake armature coupled with the intake valve, an exhaust armature coupled with the exhaust valve, an intake valve opening spring for generating a force exerted on the intake valve in the direction of the open position of the intake valve, an intake valve closing spring for generating a force exerted on the intake valve in the direction of the closed position of the intake valve, an exhaust valve opening spring for generating a force exerted on the exhaust valve in the direction of the open position of the exhaust valve, and an exhaust valve closing spring for generating a force exerted on the exhaust valve in the direction of the closed position of the exhaust valve.

Abstract: An electromagnetic actuator for operating a driven component includes first and second electromagnets having respective first and second pole faces oriented toward one another and defining a space therebetween; an armature disposed in the space and movable back and forth between the first and second pole faces; a driving component attached to the armature for moving therewith as a unit; and a resetting spring assembly coupled to the armature and exerting forces opposing movements of the armature caused by electromagnetic forces generated by the electromagnets. The resetting spring assembly is in a relaxed state when the armature is in a mid position between the first and second pole faces. A coupling device connects the driving component with the driven component for effecting a transmission of pushing and pulling forces from the driving component to the driven component to cause displacements of the driven component as a function of displacements of the armature and the driving component.

Abstract: A gas exchange valve control for internal combustion engines includes an electromagnetic actuator equipped with gas springs. The gas exchange valve control has an armature, which drives the gas exchange valve and is arranged to oscillate between stroke-separated switching magnets against the gas springs. The armature serving as the separating piston between the gas springs is moveable without friction in a closed armature stroke space. A housing-like yoke, which encloses the armature stroke space, including the adjacent switching magnets, exhibits between the switching magnets a device which serves to shorten the respective magnetic circuit of the respective switching magnet.

Abstract: An electromagnetic actuator for operating a driven member includes an electromagnet having a yoke provided with a pole face and a coil supported by the yoke and adapted to be supplied with electric current to produce an electromagnetic force; and an armature connectable to the driven member and movable in a path of motion into a first position and a second position spaced from the first position. The armature is moved by the electromagnetic forces into the second position in contact with the pole face. A resetting spring is coupled to the armature and exerts a spring force thereon for urging the armature away from the second position toward the first position. The actuator further includes a dampening assembly which has a piston affixed to the armature and a dampening cylinder provided in the yoke and having an open end oriented toward the armature and being in an axial alignment with the piston. In the first position of the armature the piston is axially spaced from the dampening cylinder.

Abstract: A vane-type camshaft phaser wherein a coil spring under torsional compression or extension is disposed coaxially within an annular cavity formed in either the cover plate or back plate. A first end of the spring is connected to the cover plate or back plate, and a second end extends from the cavity and is connected to the phaser rotor. The spring constant is selected such that a biasing torque is exerted on the rotor in the valve-opening-advancing direction which counters the inherent valve-opening-retarding torque bias of the camshaft during operation. The bias spring permits more rapid response to a demand on the cam phaser for advancing valve timing, and is also useful in orienting the camshaft advantageously, especially an exhaust valve camshaft, in a timing-advanced position when the engine is shut off or operating at low engine speed.

Abstract: A valve spring retainer (30) for operatively retaining a return spring (28) on a stem (20) of a poppet valve in an internal combustion engine. The retainer (30) includes a retainer flange (50) extending annularly about and radially from a hole (52) on a central axis A to an outer periphery for engaging the top of a spring (28). A ring (56) is disposed below the flange (50) and extends about the axis A for surrounding the valve stem (20). An inner portion (58) extends cylindrically about the axis A and axially between the ring (56) and the flange (50). A plurality of slots (61) extend radially from the hole (52) to the periphery and divide the flange (50) and the inner portion (58) into sectors (S) leaving the ring (56) to interconnect the sectors (S). The retainer (30) is characterized by the slots (61) being formed to extend radially at a wide width x and with each of the sectors (S) including a limit projection (63) at the periphery to define a narrow width (Y).

Abstract: In a device for actuating a gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine, which actuating device includes an electromagnetic actuator and is floatingly supported on the cylinder head so as to provide for a play compensation structure, axially spaced valve opening and closing magnets having opposite pole faces are arranged in spaced relationship and an armature is axially movably disposed between the opposite pole faces and connected to the valve shaft of the gas exchange valve, and valve closing and opening springs are disposed at opposite sides of a spring support plate mounted for movement with the valve shaft, wherein the valve closing spring is supported on the actuating device and means are provided for biasing the actuating device into a valve closing direction.

Abstract: An engine valve assembly for an internal-combustion engine includes an engine valve having open and closed positions and a first oscillating mass; a closing spring connected to the valve for urging it into its closed position. The assembly has an electromagnetic actuator which operates the valve and which includes a first and a second electromagnet having respective first and second pole faces oriented toward one another and defining a space therebetween; an armature movable back and forth in the space between the first and second pole faces; and a guide bar affixed to the armature. The guide bar has an end oriented toward the valve and defining therewith a valve clearance when the valve is in its closed position and the armature is in contact with one of the electromagnets. The armature and the guide bar together have a second oscillating mass which is at least twice the first oscillating mass.

Abstract: A solenoid-operated valve for use in an internal combustion engine has a valve body movable upwardly for closing an exhaust or intake passage and movable downwardly for opening the exhaust or intake passage, a valve stem extending upwardly from the valve body, a pair of upper and lower solenoids spaced from each other in an axial direction of the valve stem and confronting each other vertically, the valve stem extending through the upper and lower solenoids, a movable plate mounted on the valve stem and disposed between the solenoids, the movable plate being movable between the solenoids to cause the valve stem to open and close the valve body in response to being magnetically attracted by the solenoids, a first spring for normally biasing the valve body to open the exhaust or intake passage, and a second spring for normally biasing the valve body to close the exhaust or intake passage against the first spring. The first spring has a resilient force greater than a resilient force of the second spring.

Abstract: A spring assembly 12 for an electromagnetic actuator 10 is provided. The actuator 10 has an armature 18 mounted for movement between two electromagnets 14 and 16 and a shaft 22 operatively associated with the armature. The spring assembly 12 includes a housing 34 having a surface feature 52 therein and is coupled to the actuator. A helical spring 32 is disposed in the housing 34 so as to be compressed and allowed to expand. The spring 32 has first and second ends with the second end biasing the shaft 22. A spring retainer 38 engages the first end of the spring 32. The spring retainer 38 has a surface feature 48 therein. A ball bearing 40 is received by the surface feature 52 of the housing 34 and the surface feature 48 of the spring retainer 38.

Abstract: A hydraulic tappet (5) comprises an inverted cup-shaped element with an upper disk (51), welded to a cylindrical body (52) of the tappet which is internally provided with a flange (54), forming a tubular guide sleeve (55) for the axial movement of an internal assembly comprising a movable reservoir portion (57) for low-pressure oil. The tappet has interposed, between an internal surface (51s) of said upper disk (51) of said tappet (5) and a rim (57) of the reservoir portion, an elastic device (A), comprised of two elements (10,20), in order to achieve a rapid recovery of lift loss of said tappet (5) so as to improve the contact between the cam (2) of the cam shaft (1) and the disk (51) of the tappet (5). One result is to eliminate undesirable, early opening of the poppet valve (4) whenever the fuel injector cam (6) deflects under load.