Abstract: A wood or other bio mass fueled appliance is disclosed for maximum efficiency and low cost construction for home, garage, workshop, and barn. Comprised of a vertical cylindrical outside shell (12) outside bottom (16) and outside top (14) enclosing an inside shell (24) inside bottom (28) and inside top (26). Inside shell (24) forming a vertical cylindrical chamber (36) accessed by load door (38) and ash door (40), through which disassembled baffles (32) may pass. A suitable means for igniting fuel in chamber (36) and controlling burn rate by draft regulators (42) and fan limit switches (52). Whereby circular baffles (32) elevated by 90° angle shaped supports (30) suppress the flow of flame and exhaust gases from entering flue (22). Exhaust gases and flame pass by gap (50), directing energy toward the inside surface of inside shell (24) inside bottom (28) and inside top (26).

Abstract: Briefly, the invention provides an incinerator comprising a housing suspended above the ground. The housing is without a top or bottom, but includes an elongated member supporting the housing and a grate intermediate of the housing and the elongated member. Also provided is a device for aiding combustion reactions. The device includes a vertically disposed stanchion, a housing, a first open end and a second open end. The housing is supported at the second open end by the stanchion. The device also include a grid with a cross section identical to the cross section of the housing. The diameter of the cross section of the grid is less than the diameter of the cross section of the housing and the grid in rotates around the stanchion.

Abstract: An emission abatement assembly includes a fuel-fired burner having a combustion chamber and a particulate filter positioned downstream of the fuel-fired burner. A mixing baffle is positioned between the fuel-fired burner and the particulate filter.

Abstract: A burner for fuel in pellet or granular form in which the fuel has a high ash content, for example grass or hay pellets in which the ash content is 5% or more. The burner has a combustion chamber with a grate at its lower end, into which fuel and air are fed, the combustion chamber having a hot gas outlet for exhausting combustion gases. The grate is provided with a rotary member having upstanding vanes which is adapted to continually move ash or clinker on the grate through outlet apertures spaced around the grate. The grate is a generally planar, horizontal surface which is imperforate apart from the outlet apertures; air inlet ports are arranged in a circumferential wall surrounding the grate.

Abstract: A variety of essentially circulr-planform fire grates having ash discharge openings therein and intimate-contact preventing means thereon is presented. The intimate contact preventing means for the fire grate having upper surface contour of fluctuation-free profile in the circumferential direction of the fire grate comprises first fluctuation-free-bottom spider-web-planform fins having fin upper surface of fluctuation-free profile and second fluctuation-free-bottom spider-web-planform fins having fin upper surface of fluctuational profile. The intimate contact preventing means for the fire grate having upper surface contour of fluctuational profile in the circumferential direction of the fire grate comprises first fluctuational-bottom spider-web-planform fins having fin upper surface of fluctuation-free profile and second fluctuational-bottom spider-web-planform fins having fin upper surface of fluctuational profile.

Abstract: This invention provides a variety of incineration furnace with modular fire grate apparatus for cylindrical incinerator furnaces of water jacket configuration. The invented fire grate module is provided with refuse dump agitation capability from underside of waste fuel dump on the fire grate and also with air supply function in the fire grate apparatus itself.

Abstract: Embodiments of a combustion firepot are shown and described, each having a means for dumping ashes and other burn debris from the firepot. The preferred embodiment is a pellet stove firepot with an interior ramped wall. Pellets are delivered to the firepot and directed by the ramp to rest and burn in a lower burn section on top of a movable floor. The movable ash-dumping floor is adapted to swing or slid away from the firepot to reveal an opening to permit ashes which have accumulated above it to be dumped out the bottom of the firepot. Preferably, when the heat demand for a room is satisfied, pellets are allowed to burn to ash, the floor is cycled open and closed to dump the ash, and then pellet delivery and burning is resumed. The dumping procedure may be done manually or automatically and either occasionally or periodically, depending on the demands placed on the system by the ash-producing tendency of the chosen fuel.

Abstract: A grate assembly for a coal gasifier of a moving-bed or fixed-bed type is provided for crushing agglomerates of solid material such as clinkers, tailoring the radial distribution of reactant gases entering the gasification reaction zone, and control of the radial distribution of downwardly moving solid velocities in the gasification and combustion zone. The clinker crushing is provided by pinching clinkers between vertically oriented stationary bars and angled bars supported on the upper surface of a rotating conical grate. The distribution of the reactant gases is provided by the selective positioning of horizontally oriented passageways extending through the grate. The radial distribution of the solids is provided by mounting a vertically and generally radially extending scoop mechanism on the upper surface of the grate near the apex thereof.

Abstract: The rotary stoker has a fuel supporting grate which is divided into a central stationary section and an outer rotating ring. Fuel is fed to the center of the stationary section. The outer ring is downwardly and centrally inclined, as an inverted cone, and lies partially beneath the stationary section to form an annular trough of V-shaped cross section. Openings or spaces separate the stationary section and outer ring, in the bottom of the trough, for continuous ash removal into a hopper as the ring rotates. Air may be admitted through the under sides of both sections of the grate from separately controlled air plenums. Air may also be admitted above the grate from a third, separately controlled air plenum.

Abstract: A stoker construction which readily adapts to a wide variety of different sized combustion chambers, utilizing a minimum number of standarized modules. The modules may be arranged singly, or in stacked combination, around the inner perimeter of the combustion chamber wall and cooperate with the fuel supporting grate to form a baffle or movable seal. The modules provide a downwardly converging surface for containing the fuel and define an air plenum and tuyere assembly for controlled admission of overfire air to promote a robust fire and to prevent clinker and slag formation.

Abstract: A furnace having a primary heat exchange unit also providing a combustion chamber, a secondary heat exchange unit connected by an upper crossover conduit to the primary heat exchange unit, and a tertiary heat exchange unit connected by a lower V-shaped crossover conduit to the secondary heat exchange unit. A third crossover conduit connects the V-shaped crossover conduit with the primary heat exchange unit. A fly ash removal screw is located in the V-shaped crossover conduit to move fly ash therefrom through the third crossover conduit back into the primary heat exchange unit to an ash depository for removal therefrom. Vibrating means are provided between the secondary and tertiary heat exchange units to vibrate the walls thereof and dislodge clinging fly ash so that it falls into the V-shaped crossover conduit for removal by the screw conveyor. A burner assembly of the furnace includes a combustion air housing carrying a circular, stationary grate with an annular valley for carrying fuel during combustion.

Abstract: A furnace having a primary heat exchange unit also providing a combustion chamber, a secondary heat exchange unit connected by an upper crossover conduit to the primary heat exchange unit, and a tertiary heat exchange unit connected by a lower V-shaped crossover conduit to the secondary heat exchange unit. A third crossover conduit connects the V-shaped crossover conduit with the primary heat exchange unit. A fly ash removal screw is located in the V-shaped crossover conduit to move fly ash therefrom through the third crossover conduit back into the primary heat exchange unit to an ash depository for removal therefrom. Vibrating means are provided between the secondary and tertiary heat exchange units to vibrate the walls thereof and dislodge clinging fly ash so that it falls into the V-shaped crossover conduit for removal by the screw conveyor. A burner assembly of the furnace includes a combustion air housing carrying a circular, stationary grate with an annular valley for carrying fuel during combustion.

Abstract: A rotary continuous ash discharge stoker having a circular grate which is designed to support burning fuel as it distributes the fuel from the feedpoint over the entire grate, and at the same time provides for the controlled admission of air for combustion of the fuel and also automatically removes from the furnace the remaining ash. The upper grate surface consists of two zones, a central stationary section and an outer rotating section or ring. The central section is inclined and is the main air admitting zone. The outer rotating ring serves to distribute the fuel in the furnace with the aid of a stationary spreader arm, admits the air necessary to complete combustion of the fuel and removes the burned out ash from the furnace with the aid of a stationary ash plow.

Abstract: In a fluidized bed gasification system an ash removal system to reduce the particulate ash to a maximum size or smaller, allow the ash to cool to a temperature lower than the gasifier and remove the ash from the gasifier system. The system consists of a crusher, a container containing level probes and a means for controlling the rotational speed of the crusher based on the level of ash within the container.

Abstract: A slag breaker of a pressure-type coal gasifier having a rotary grate with a plurality of grate segments, a generator bottom and an ash separator, has an inclined breaking plate arranged to be located immediately below the grate segment and prior to the ash separator and provided with a plurality of breaking projections, and a wear sheet arranged to be located on the generator bottom and provided with a plurality of breaking webs.

Abstract: A furnace having a primary heat exchange unit also providing a combustion chamber, a secondary heat exchange unit connected by an upper crossover conduit to the primary heat exchange unit, and a tertiary heat exchange unit connected by a lower V-shaped crossover conduit to the secondary heat exchange unit. A third crossover conduit connects the V-shaped crossover conduit with the primary heat exchange unit. Vibrating means are provided between the secondary and tertiary heat exchange units to vibrate the walls thereof and dislodge clinging fly ash so that it falls into the V-shaped crossover conduit for removal by the screw conveyor. A burner assembly of a furnace includes a combustion air housing carrying a circular, stationary grate with an annular valley for carrying fuel during combustion. A central opening is connected to a fuel conveyor for introduction of fuel to the grate through the lower portion of the housing.

Abstract: A barbecue kettle has radially aligned slots in the hemispheroidal bottom thereof. A disc is mounted immediately above the center of the bottom for rotation about a vertical axis and has three arms secured thereto. A handle below the bottom is secured to the disc. The arms are generally triangular in cross-section and have distal edges fitting closely to the bottom. In one position, the arms cover the bowl openings, but may be rotated back and forth to push ash along the bottom of the bowl to the openings where it will fall out. The disc, arms and handle are designed to be assembled without using any tools.

Abstract: The invention discloses an apparatus for maximizing the uniformity of distribution of gasification medium in a rotary grid generator. To insure proper input, a distribution head is rotatably mounted within the interior of the rotary grid, and the distribution head is connected by means of elastic input conduits to either openings which are directly connected with the reactor chamber, or to distribution chambers in the individual segments of the rotary grid. Through use of the apparatus, the formation of canals through preferential gas flow in the solid beds of pressure gas generators is eliminated.

Abstract: A reactor for the pressure gasification of coal by treatment with oxygen and steam and, if desired, additional gasifying agents, at elevated temperatures and pressures, includes a water-cooled jacket and a rotary grate for moving the material to be gasified and for distributing the gasifying agents introduced into the reactor. The rotary grate is made of at least two concentric parts each of which rotates independly of the other part.

Abstract: A barbecue kettle has radially aligned slots in the hemispheroidal bottom thereof. A disc is mounted immediately above the center of the bottom for rotation about a vertical axis and has three arms secured thereto. A handle below the bottom is secured to the disc. The arms are generally triangular in cross-section and have distal edges fitting closely to the bottom. In one position, the arms cover the bowl openings, but may be rotated back and forth to push ash along the bottom of the bowl to the openings where it will fall out. The disc, arms and handle are designed to be assembled without using any tools.